898:
retinuerent. Residente vero infra triduum tempestate, et restituta tam eari serenititae quam mari tranquillitate, apparuit non-procul facies terrae cujusdam, eis hactenus prorsus ignotae; de qua non-longe post et cymbulam modicam ad se viderunt remigantem, arctam et oblongam, vimineam quidem, et coriis animalium extra contextam et consutam. Erant autem in ea homines duo, nudis omnino corporibus, praeter zonas latas de crudis animalium coriis quibus stringebantur. Habebant etiam
Hibernico more comas perlongas et flavas, trans humeros deorsum, corpus ex magna parte tegentes. De quibus cum audissent, quod de quadam Connactiae parte fuissent, et Hibernica lingua loquerentur, intra navem eos adduxerunt. Ipsi vero cuncta quae ibi videbant tanquam nova admirari coeperunt. Navem enim magnam et ligneam, humanos etiam cultus, sicut asserebant, nunquam antes viderant.
337:
29:
48:
172:
2880:
2457:
2584:
2868:
521:
1841:
159:(rowing boat). It is suggested that the prototype of this wooden boat was built on Inishnee around 1900 and based upon a tender from a foreign vessel seen in Cleggan harbour. These wooden boats progressively supplanted the canvas currach as a workboat around the Connemara coast. This rowing currach measured up to 20 feet, and is still seen in water in North Donegal.
37:
661:"The currach contained only one man in working it, whereas the floats require two men and oars; and the man in the currach paddled with a shovel, one end of the rope being fixed to the raft, and the other tied to the man's knee in the currach, which he let loose when there was any danger, the currach going before the raft."
997:
Ar a tosach a choimeĂĄd sa bhfarraige agus gan Ă a ligeant i leith a cliathĂĄin uirthi, is maith an blĂ©itse farraige a chuirfeadh sĂos Ă. Agus tĂĄ iompar seoil inti nĂĄ cuirfeĂĄ fĂ©na tuairim in aon chor, ach aon nĂ amhĂĄin, gan aon chille a bheith fĂșithi agus nach fĂ©idir aon bhordĂĄil, puinn, a dhĂ©anamh lĂ©i
474:
The Aran islanders, like the
Blasket islanders further south, were assiduous users of the curach. Unusually for the area a sail was used, though without shrouds or stays. Apart from the halliard, the only ropes were the tack, led to a point near the stem, and the sheet, carried aft and secured to the
162:
The currach has traditionally been both a sea boat and a vessel for inland waters. The River currach was especially well known for its shallow draft and manoeuvrability. Its framework was constructed of hazel rods and sally twigs, covered by a single ox-hide, which not only insulated the currach, but
402:
Currachs in general adhere to a plan designed to produce a sturdy, light and versatile vessel. The framework consists of latticework formed of rib-frames ("hoops") and stringers (longitudinal slats), surmounted by a gunwale. There are stem and stern posts, but no keel. Thwarts are fitted, with knees
1182:
every
September covers 21 miles (34 km) from Millwall in the Docklands up to Richmond; for the faster boats, it usually takes about three hours to row with the tide. It is open to every kind of rowed or paddled boat, from skiffs up to row-barges and dragon-boats, and currently (2012) attracts
190:
The currach represents one of two traditions of boat and shipbuilding in
Ireland: the skin-covered vessel and the wooden vessel. The flimsy construction of the former makes it unlikely that any remains would be available for the marine archaeologist, but its antiquity is clear from written sources.
486:
The Clare currach closely resembled that of the Aran
Islands. In construction, a series of wooden markers were sunk into the ground at definite distances apart. These helped show the width desired for the lower gunwale frame. This was constructed first, followed by the upper frame, and the thwarts
1010:
ChaithfeĂĄ iad seo a leagadh agus na ceithre cosa a cheangal dĂĄ chĂ©ile, agus a fhios a bheith agat conas a cheanglĂłfĂĄ leis iad, agus tĂ©adĂĄn maith a bheith agat. Iad a bhualadh isteach ansin sa naomhĂłg, agus, mĂĄ chĂfeĂĄ aon bhogadh ag na cosa ĂĄ dhĂ©anamh, teacht agus an cupĂĄn, ĂĄras atĂĄ ag leanĂșint na
186:
During the
Neolithic period, the first settlers landed in the northern part of Ireland, likely arriving in boats that were the ancestors of the currach. Development in joining methods of wood during the Neolithic period made it possible to eventually create what the currach is today. Hide-covered
897:
Audivi enim a navibus quibusdam, quod cum quadrogesimali quodam tempore ad boreales et inexscrutabiles
Connactici maris vastitates vi tempestatis depulsi fuissent, tandem sub insula quadam modica se receperunt: ubi et anchorarum morsu, funiumque triplicium, immo multiplicium tenacitate se vix
210:
was used to seal the places where the skins joined. A mast was then erected in the middle of the vessel and a sail supplied. Though the voyage itself is essentially a wonder-tale, it is implied that the vessel as described was built in accordance with ordinary practice at the time. An Irish
163:
also helped dictate its shape. These currachs were common on the rivers of South Wales, and in
Ireland were often referred to as Boyne currachs. However, when Ireland declared the netting of salmon and other freshwater fish illegal in 1948, it quickly fell out of use.
446:
The
Donegal Sea Currach is very similar to the Boyne Currach in construction and style although the two are produced on opposite coasts from each other. The Donegal Sea Currach is the last traditional Irish craft to use the free paddle instead of the traditional oar.
706:
Currachs survive now as racing boats, often holding their own against much more modern types. In the annual London Great River Race, Currachs have regularly performed outstandingly in the
Overall rankings (fastest boat on handicap), notably in 2007, 2008, and 2010.
344:
The construction and sailing of a seagoing curach of the 17th century, a hybrid of the skin-covered and plank-built boat, was depicted in some detail by an Englishman, Captain Thomas Phillips: "A portable vessel of wicker ordinarily used by the Wild Irish".
430:
The Irish River Currach is still being built in Oldbridge at river Boyne. Currachs produced here follow the same general construction process as many other Currach styles but in Boyne they implement the use of tarred canvas as the outer layer.
409:
Use of the currach was not continuous or universal along the Atlantic coast. In the modern period it did not reach Kerry (in the southwest of Ireland) until the late 19th century (c. 1880). Until then the only vessel used was the heavy wooden
221:
constructed such a ship, following as best they could the Brendan descriptions and drawing on the skills and knowledge of a few traditional craftsmen, and showed that the result was quite seaworthy by sailing it from Ireland to the new world.
507:
Kerry currachs had a reputation for elegance and speed. All were fitted for sailing, with a short mast without shrouds stepped in a socket in a short mast shoe. The halliard was rove through an iron ring near the masthead, hoisting a small
403:
supplied as required. Cleats or thole pins are fitted for the oars, and there may be a mast and sail, though with a minimum of rigging. The outside of the hull is covered by tarred canvas or calico, a substitute for animal hide.
539:, Limerick. LNBHA, a community group on Lough Neagh, has made a number of Kerry naomhĂłgs and Dunfanaghy and Tory Island currachs. In other counties on the western seaboard there are boat builders who sometimes make currachs.
187:
basket origins are evident in currachs found in the east of Ireland, and using the skins for lining currachs in the Neolithic period likely was how the early Irish were able to make their way over to the Irish Isles.
630:, broader above than below, with ribs or hoops of wood in the inside, and a cross-stick for the man to sit on. . . . These currachs were so light, that the men carried them on their backs home from
348:
Though doubt has been cast on the accuracy of these sketches, they are detailed and represent a valid development of the ocean-going currach. The vessel is some twenty feet long: it possesses a
728:
Currach races are also hosted in Albany, NY; Annapolis, MD; Boston, MA; Leetsdale, PA; New London, CT; Pittsburgh, PA and Philadelphia; PA as part of the North American Currach Association.
459:
currachs differ from most other currach types in that, instead of the stringers which elsewhere run outside the latticework frame, the bottom and sides are covered with a thin planking. In
478:
Currach races remain popular. In the mid-1950s and early 1960s the Seoighe cousins excelled by winning many county and All Ireland championships, including three in a row of the latter.
471:
The Connemara currach is also distinguished by a double gunwale and by a particular form of pivoting block or "bull" attached to one side of the squared region of the loom of the oar.
324:, who studied the currach, coracle, and quffa extensively during the early 20th century, believes that the currach was developed independently of the coracle and quffa in a case of
725:. This event is held by the Irish Currach Club of Milwaukee in late August of every year and it features two races that are available for the public to view during the festival.
1104:
320:, or possibly even as early as the 2nd millennium BCE. The resemblances between the currach and the coracle and quffa are a coincidence, however. British ethnologist
2493:
1760:
495:
Currachs covered in cowhide were still common in the 1840s above Lough Ree, in the centre of Ireland. Thereafter they disappeared except at the seaward end of the
873:
Erat enim in istis partibus, eo aevo, quoddam navigii genus usitatum, ex viminibus contextum, et bovinis coriis contectum; quad Scotica lingua Curach appellatur
1494:
2633:
2558:
583:, and followed by a little escort of faithful attendants. Taking his seat in his currach, he and his party are rowed across the sound to the mainland."
1379:
238:, they saw two men, long-haired and scantily clad, approaching in a slender wickerwork boat covered in skins. The crew found that the two spoke
718:, with two Canadian crew members, attempted the 1,200 kilometre no-motor trip up the Inside Passage from Port Townsend, WA, to Ketchikan, AK.
1412:
1373:
406:
Currachs were used in the modern period for fishing, for ferrying and for the transport of goods and livestock, including sheep and cattle.
1011:
naomhĂłige, a chur anuas don uisce, agus cĂșpla maith uisce a dhoirteadh anuas ar an tĂ©ad, agus d'fhĂĄiscfeadh sĂ© sin go maith ar a chĂ©ile iad
202:. This contains an account of the building of an ocean-going boat: using iron tools, the monks made a thin-sided and wooden-ribbed vessel
2486:
1753:
535:
There has been a community-based enterprise in West Clare since 2005 called West Clare Currachs, with support from James Madigan of the
2911:
575:, Columba goes to the beach, where his craft of wicker and cowhide lies moored, waiting the use of any member of the community of
1487:
1108:
547:
The traditional Scottish currach is nearly extinct, but there are occasional recreations. It is known to have been in use on the
390:
The sketches by Phillips imply that such a vessel was common in his day. The keel would improve the handling of the boat but the
300:, a similar circular boat used in parts of the UK and to the wide family of circular boats termed "coracles" common throughout
2479:
1746:
817:
360:
amidship. Because of the keel, the craft is shown as being constructed from the bottom up. A covering (presumably of animal
1008:
Tyers (ed.), pp. 94â95: SeĂĄn Ă Criomhthain describing how the feet of cattle were secured to keep them subdued in transit:
579:
whose occasions may call him away from the island. He is accompanied by two friends and former fellow-students, Comgal and
642:
in design, being used on a river rather than in the open sea. But twenty years earlier, we read of bigger ones, in Shaw's
2931:
2921:
261:
2926:
2916:
2638:
2533:
1800:
1480:
1267:
120:("wooden currach"), and is built in a style very similar to its canvas-covered relative. Folk etymology has it that
653:"Let me add, as now become a Rarity, the Courach. . . . It is in shape oval, near three feet broad, and four long."
257:
2861:
2856:
2739:
2411:
860:
673:"The river taking a sudden bend, broadened and deepened into a wheel, on the breast of which a salmon cobble, or
253:
makes it likely that the construction and design of the currach underwent no fundamental change in the interval.
973:
This is preserved in the Pepysian Library, Cambridge. See the discussion by Nance, R. Morton, "Wicker Vessels",
2553:
2460:
2087:
1857:
1849:
1122:
768:
626:" man, sitting in what was called a Currach, made of hide, in the shape, and about the size of a small brewing-
1326:
Hornell, James (11 February 1939), "British Coracles and Irish Curraghs: with a Note on the Quffah of Iraq",
2833:
2376:
83:
The construction and design of the currach are unique to the west coasts of Ireland. It is referred to as a
234:(1187), relates that he was told by certain seamen that, having taken refuge from a storm off the coast of
32:
Fishermen in currach with outboard motor heading back to their harbour at the west coast of Ireland in 1986
1957:
1790:
839:
242:
and took them on board, whereupon they expressed amazement, never before having seen a large wooden ship.
2906:
2434:
230:
1105:"Water Based Activities - Activities - West Clare Currach Club - Kilkee - County Clare Tourism Website"
1224:
1208:
1192:
336:
211:
martyrology of the same period says of the Isle of Aran that the boat commonly used there was made of
28:
2678:
2543:
1335:
722:
932:
2563:
2345:
580:
529:
250:
914:
112:, though the two originated independently. The plank-built rowing boat found on the west coast of
2872:
2759:
2716:
2701:
2643:
2615:
2257:
753:
325:
41:
411:
371:
and by double shrouds on each side, the latter descending to an external shelf functioning as a
47:
917:(though there are a number of errors in the transcription). For a translation of the work, see
532:, who build currachs and train in currach building in Cork. They also organise currach-racing.
372:
2696:
2600:
2548:
2528:
1650:
1408:
1369:
1353:
940:
391:
246:
512:, and this was controlled by a sheet and tack. When under sail lee-boards might be employed.
276:) and tied with cords, whereupon the frame so made was turned upside down. Planks, seats and
2884:
2744:
2691:
2625:
2391:
2122:
2002:
1810:
1343:
1241:
368:
97:
1840:
995:
See Ua Maoileoin, pp. 141â142, on the difficulty of tacking in a keel-less modern currach:
694:
These may have survived into twentieth century; there is a reference to a "currick" in the
591:
may have lived on the island for four decades from 632 AD, his death being recorded in the
272:
were thrust in the ground opposite each other, the upper ends being bent in to each other (
2838:
2658:
2401:
2371:
2350:
2340:
2287:
2132:
1907:
1872:
1825:
1815:
1672:
496:
415:
225:
1927:
1339:
2843:
2812:
2787:
2777:
2769:
2648:
2610:
2573:
2396:
2202:
2167:
1785:
1777:
1769:
1619:
1541:
1513:
711:
609:
Foam flecked, seal-filled, savage, bounding, seething, white-tipped, pleasing, doleful.
440:
357:
305:
288:
were supplied. This vessel is described as being able to carry 30 armed men at a time.
239:
171:
146:
130:
88:
68:
60:
918:
2900:
2663:
2335:
2262:
2187:
2157:
2117:
2112:
2067:
2012:
1962:
1922:
1882:
1820:
1805:
1594:
1578:
1433:
460:
321:
265:
2471:
2802:
2797:
2782:
2749:
2583:
2538:
2424:
2292:
2247:
2127:
2057:
2017:
1967:
1867:
1795:
1714:
1682:
1629:
1568:
1563:
1551:
1531:
1521:
1509:
892:
778:
105:
101:
1982:
888:
825:
206:("as the custom is in those parts"), covering it with hides cured with oak bark.
2807:
2734:
2706:
2653:
2568:
2523:
2442:
2082:
1877:
536:
520:
456:
361:
218:
93:
2729:
2330:
2297:
2192:
2062:
1997:
1972:
1604:
1599:
1573:
1536:
1526:
1293:
1045:
861:
http://www.hs-augsburg.de/~harsch/Chronologia/Lspost10/Brendanus/bre_navi.html
763:
603:
In scores of curraghs with an army of wretches he crossed the long-haired sea.
548:
301:
195:
176:
1357:
944:
665:
Spey currachs were used in the timber trade there, as described in Ainslie's
2828:
2792:
2724:
2605:
2419:
2381:
2237:
2212:
2207:
2162:
2022:
2007:
1862:
807:
Mac an Iomaire (2000), Annotation by translator Padraic de Bhaldraithe p. 37
748:
528:
Currently there are few full-time currach builders. A notable exception are
1912:
1271:
657:
A more detailed description can be found in Scottish court records (1780):
2754:
2282:
2252:
2242:
2222:
2177:
2152:
2092:
2027:
1887:
1666:
1660:
1555:
631:
552:
509:
235:
113:
2686:
2668:
2592:
2515:
2506:
2502:
2272:
2197:
2142:
2032:
1987:
1977:
1942:
1917:
1902:
1624:
1609:
818:"Neolithic - Definition of Neolithic in English by Lexico Dictionaries"
743:
738:
639:
596:
564:
376:
297:
285:
180:
109:
73:
20:
1310:
2366:
2302:
2267:
2227:
2217:
2182:
2137:
2102:
2077:
2072:
2047:
2042:
2037:
1892:
1830:
1634:
1614:
1472:
1348:
998:
ach roimis an ngaoith i gcĂłnaĂ agus Ă ag imeacht leathchliathĂĄnach...
627:
353:
277:
269:
212:
77:
895:. The Latin passage, of great ethnological interest, is as follows:
588:
308:. These non-Irish coracles all ultimately trace their origin to the
387:
is surmounted by double half-hoops which could support a covering.
264:
includes a description of two currachs built in haste to cross the
36:
2386:
2277:
2232:
2172:
2147:
2107:
2097:
1992:
1947:
1937:
1932:
1897:
1738:
1179:
773:
758:
645:
519:
422:) particularly useful, and a distinctive regional type developed.
384:
335:
309:
170:
139:
46:
35:
27:
2322:
2312:
2307:
2052:
576:
572:
380:
364:) was added, the sides being supported by rods in the interval.
349:
313:
2475:
1742:
1476:
1161:"Tiugraind Beccain" in Clancy, T.O. and Markus, G. eds. (1995)
915:
https://archive.org/stream/MN42000ucmf_1/MN42000ucmf_1_djvu.txt
375:. The forestay is shown as passing over a small fork above the
317:
207:
51:
A number of wooden boats in a tidal harbour near Carna, Galway
282:
cui e solida tabula, statumina, transtraque interius adduntur
638:
The Spey currach would thus seem to be similar to the Welsh
145:, and it has also been suggested that it derives from the
72:) is a type of Irish boat with a wooden frame, over which
1389:(second ed.), Baile Ătha Cliath: SĂĄirsĂ©al agus Dill
80:
is more usual. It is sometimes anglicised as "curragh".
571:"On a day, at the end of two years from his arrival on
1398:(first ed.), Baile an Fheirtéaraigh: Cló Dhuibhne
284:), horse hide was fixed to the exterior and oars with
268:. The larger was constructed as follows: two rows of
124:
means "little holy one", "little female saint", from
1407:(first ed.), Newtownlynch, Kinvara: Tir Eolas,
2821:
2768:
2715:
2677:
2624:
2591:
2514:
2433:
2410:
2359:
2321:
1848:
1776:
1713:
1681:
1643:
1587:
1550:
1508:
919:
http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/T100060/index.html
198:(who was born c. 484 in the southwest of Ireland):
194:One of these is the Latin account of the voyage of
175:Reconstruction of a 1 AD skin-covered boat on the
134:"saint, holy", and the feminine diminutive suffix
138:). Another explanation is that it comes from the
893:http://www.yorku.ca/inpar/topography_ireland.pdf
1163:Iona- The Earliest Poetry of A Celtic Monastery
889:http://www.maryjones.us/ctexts/index_latin.html
1268:"Race to Alaska | Full Race Participants"
155:A larger version of this is known simply as a
2487:
1754:
1488:
840:"A Smaller Social History of Ancient Ireland"
296:The currach bears a close resemblance to the
8:
2634:List of harvested aquatic animals by weight
2559:Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing
1368:(first ed.), New York: Ams Press Inc,
690:and guided floating timbers down the Spey."
463:the currach is built with double gunwales.
2494:
2480:
2472:
1761:
1747:
1739:
1495:
1481:
1473:
414:, which required eight men to row it. The
1347:
524:A model representing St Brendan's currach
721:Currach races are also performed at the
383:: a branch is tied to the mast-top. The
1449:Session Papers, Grant v. Duke of Gordon
1039:
1037:
933:"Relic reveals Noah's ark was circular"
911:Historia catholicae Iberniae compendium
791:
606:He crossed the wave-strewn wild region,
1380:Extract dealing with the Irish Currach
551:, in the north east, and also in the
245:The consistency in accounts from the
129:
87:
67:
7:
316:riverboat dating to the 9th century
1366:British Coracles and Irish Curraghs
1311:https://www.facebook.com/NACArowing
332:Sea-going currachs, c. 17th century
256:A 17th-century account in Latin by
891:. A translation can be found at:
14:
871:Quoted in Hornell (1977), p. 17:
857:Navigatio sancti Brendani abbatis
439:Detailed plans are available for
340:Captain Thomas Phillips - currach
200:Navigatio sancti Brendani abbatis
2879:
2878:
2866:
2582:
2456:
2455:
1839:
1443:History of the Province of Moray
1242:"Boats and Books â March Update"
1199:, a Clare Fishing Currach (3 hd)
931:Kennedy, Maev (1 January 2010).
710:A currach entered the inaugural
567:is said to have used a currach.
76:were once stretched, though now
2867:
1455:Statistical Account of Scotland
1403:Mac an Iomaire, SĂ©amas (2000),
1294:"Sports - Milwaukee Irish Fest"
620:Statistical Account of Scotland
204:sicut mos est in illis partibus
1462:History of the Scottish Nation
1385:Ua Maoileoin, PĂĄdraig (1970),
1044:OtherLives (6 December 2008).
1:
1107:. 18 May 2015. Archived from
1046:"Hands Curragh Makers Part 1"
822:Lexico Dictionaries - English
487:were then nailed into place.
292:Relationship with the coracle
1437:Faclair GĂ idhlig agus Beurla
1394:Tyers, PĂĄdraig, ed. (1982),
1215:, a Connemara Currach (3 hd)
116:is also called a currach or
2534:Fish diseases and parasites
1801:Fishery Protection Squadron
702:Current use as racing boats
644:History of the Province of
356:, with a ribbed hull and a
262:Elizabethan wars in Ireland
2950:
1165:, quoted by Rixson (2001)
909:O'Sullivan-Beare, Philip,
614:Currachs in the River Spey
379:, which supports a square
215:and covered with cowhide.
18:
2852:
2740:Gathering seafood by hand
2580:
2451:
1858:Traditional fishing boats
1837:
1231:, a Racing NaomhĂłg (4 hd)
1123:"Boat Building Workshops"
1094:Hornell (1977), pp. 29â35
1085:Hornell (1977), pp. 28â29
1076:Hornell (1977), pp. 24â28
1067:Hornell (1977), pp. 13â23
1022:Ua Maoileoin, pp. 140â146
986:Hornell (1977), pp. 35â36
467:Connemara and the Islands
367:The mast is supported by
280:were then fitted inside (
274:ad medium invicem reflexa
2912:Types of fishing vessels
2554:Individual fishing quota
1786:Commercial fishing boats
1058:Hornell (1977), pp. 5â13
887:, Dist. III, Cap. XXVI:
769:Seoighe Inish Bearachain
714:in 2015. The West Kerry
128:, Munster pronunciation
40:Currach on the shore in
19:Not to be confused with
1405:The Shores of Connemara
1364:Hornell, James (1977),
394:would remain flexible.
258:Philip O'Sullivan Beare
108:. It is similar to the
2435:Builders and designers
964:Hornell (1939), pp. 13
844:www.libraryireland.com
525:
418:found the currach (or
341:
183:
64:
52:
44:
33:
1031:Tyers (ed.) pp. 29â30
885:Topographia Hibernica
798:Ua Maoileoin, p. 143.
686:, a man who sat in a
523:
339:
231:Topographia Hibernica
174:
74:animal skins or hides
50:
39:
31:
2544:Fisheries management
1048:– via YouTube.
975:The Mariner's Mirror
913:, Tom III., Cap IX:
723:Milwaukee Irish Fest
595:in 677. He wrote of
398:Modern Irish currach
104:and as a "canoe" in
89:[nÌȘË ĂšËËvoËÉĄ]
2932:Fishing in Scotland
2922:Culture of Scotland
2702:Fishing tournaments
2564:Sustainable fishery
1630:Thames racing skiff
1340:1939Natur.143R.224.
622:of 1795 we read of
251:early modern period
2927:Fishing in Ireland
2917:Culture of Ireland
2644:Commercial fishing
2616:History of fishing
1503:Oared racing boats
1428:Banffshire Journal
1387:Na hAird Ăł Thuaidh
1183:over 300 entrants.
1127:www.an-creagan.com
754:Flat-bottomed boat
696:Banffshire Journal
526:
342:
326:multiple invention
184:
53:
45:
42:Inishbofin, Galway
34:
2894:
2893:
2697:Catch and release
2601:Artisanal fishing
2549:Fisheries science
2529:Diversity of fish
2469:
2468:
1736:
1735:
1651:Cornish pilot gig
1644:Coastal and ocean
1588:Traditional boats
1460:Wylie, Rev. J.A.
1414:978-1-873821-14-5
1375:978-0-404-16464-5
543:Scottish currachs
416:Blasket Islanders
247:early Middle Ages
69:[ËkÊÉŸË Éx]
2939:
2882:
2881:
2870:
2869:
2839:Fishing villages
2778:Artificial flies
2745:Handline fishing
2692:Big-game fishing
2586:
2496:
2489:
2482:
2473:
2459:
2458:
2443:Philip C. Bolger
2123:Monterey clipper
2003:Friendship sloop
1843:
1816:Research vessels
1763:
1756:
1749:
1740:
1497:
1490:
1483:
1474:
1417:
1399:
1390:
1378:
1360:
1351:
1349:10.1038/143224c0
1313:
1308:
1302:
1301:
1290:
1284:
1283:
1281:
1279:
1270:. Archived from
1264:
1258:
1257:
1255:
1253:
1246:Angus Adventures
1238:
1232:
1222:
1216:
1211:1st overall:
1206:
1200:
1190:
1184:
1180:Great River Race
1176:
1170:
1159:
1153:
1146:
1140:
1137:
1131:
1130:
1119:
1113:
1112:
1101:
1095:
1092:
1086:
1083:
1077:
1074:
1068:
1065:
1059:
1056:
1050:
1049:
1041:
1032:
1029:
1023:
1020:
1014:
1006:
1000:
993:
987:
984:
978:
971:
965:
962:
956:
955:
953:
951:
928:
922:
907:
901:
882:
876:
869:
863:
854:
848:
847:
836:
830:
829:
828:on 16 June 2019.
824:. Archived from
814:
808:
805:
799:
796:
593:Annals of Ulster
516:Currach builders
133:
131:[nÌȘË eËv]
91:
71:
2949:
2948:
2942:
2941:
2940:
2938:
2937:
2936:
2897:
2896:
2895:
2890:
2848:
2844:Marine habitats
2817:
2788:Bite indicators
2764:
2711:
2673:
2620:
2587:
2578:
2510:
2500:
2470:
2465:
2447:
2429:
2406:
2355:
2317:
1908:Brixham trawler
1844:
1835:
1772:
1770:Fishing vessels
1767:
1737:
1732:
1709:
1685:boats - Classic
1677:
1673:Celtic longboat
1639:
1583:
1546:
1504:
1501:
1471:
1464:, Vol. 2 (1886)
1451:(22 April 1780)
1422:Pilgrimage etc.
1415:
1402:
1393:
1384:
1376:
1363:
1325:
1322:
1317:
1316:
1309:
1305:
1292:
1291:
1287:
1277:
1275:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1251:
1249:
1248:. 17 March 2015
1240:
1239:
1235:
1223:
1219:
1207:
1203:
1195:3rd overall:
1191:
1187:
1177:
1173:
1160:
1156:
1147:
1143:
1139:Quoted in Wylie
1138:
1134:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1111:on 18 May 2015.
1103:
1102:
1098:
1093:
1089:
1084:
1080:
1075:
1071:
1066:
1062:
1057:
1053:
1043:
1042:
1035:
1030:
1026:
1021:
1017:
1007:
1003:
994:
990:
985:
981:
972:
968:
963:
959:
949:
947:
930:
929:
925:
908:
904:
883:
879:
870:
866:
855:
851:
838:
837:
833:
816:
815:
811:
806:
802:
797:
793:
788:
783:
734:
704:
667:Pilgrimage etc.
616:
561:
545:
518:
505:
497:Shannon Estuary
493:
484:
469:
453:
437:
428:
400:
334:
294:
226:Gerald of Wales
169:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2947:
2946:
2943:
2935:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2899:
2898:
2892:
2891:
2889:
2888:
2876:
2864:
2859:
2853:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2825:
2823:
2819:
2818:
2816:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2774:
2772:
2766:
2765:
2763:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2721:
2719:
2713:
2712:
2710:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2683:
2681:
2675:
2674:
2672:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2630:
2628:
2622:
2621:
2619:
2618:
2613:
2611:Fishing vessel
2608:
2603:
2597:
2595:
2589:
2588:
2581:
2579:
2577:
2576:
2574:Wild fisheries
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2520:
2518:
2512:
2511:
2501:
2499:
2498:
2491:
2484:
2476:
2467:
2466:
2464:
2463:
2452:
2449:
2448:
2446:
2445:
2439:
2437:
2431:
2430:
2428:
2427:
2422:
2416:
2414:
2408:
2407:
2405:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2363:
2361:
2357:
2356:
2354:
2353:
2348:
2346:McKenzie River
2343:
2338:
2333:
2327:
2325:
2319:
2318:
2316:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1854:
1852:
1846:
1845:
1838:
1836:
1834:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1782:
1780:
1774:
1773:
1768:
1766:
1765:
1758:
1751:
1743:
1734:
1733:
1731:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1720:
1718:
1711:
1710:
1708:
1707:
1704:
1701:
1698:
1695:
1692:
1688:
1686:
1679:
1678:
1676:
1675:
1670:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1647:
1645:
1641:
1640:
1638:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1620:Sampan panjang
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1591:
1589:
1585:
1584:
1582:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1560:
1558:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1518:
1516:
1506:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1499:
1492:
1485:
1477:
1470:
1469:External links
1467:
1466:
1465:
1458:
1452:
1446:
1439:
1434:Dwelly, Edward
1431:
1425:
1418:
1413:
1400:
1396:Leoithne Aniar
1391:
1382:
1374:
1361:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1314:
1303:
1285:
1274:on 12 May 2015
1259:
1233:
1227:2nd overall:
1217:
1201:
1185:
1171:
1154:
1152:pages 21 â 25.
1148:Rixson (2001)
1141:
1132:
1114:
1096:
1087:
1078:
1069:
1060:
1051:
1033:
1024:
1015:
1001:
988:
979:
966:
957:
923:
902:
877:
864:
849:
831:
809:
800:
790:
789:
787:
784:
782:
781:
776:
771:
766:
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
735:
733:
730:
712:Race to Alaska
703:
700:
692:
691:
679:
678:
663:
662:
655:
654:
636:
635:
615:
612:
611:
610:
607:
604:
585:
584:
560:
557:
544:
541:
517:
514:
504:
501:
492:
489:
483:
480:
468:
465:
452:
449:
436:
433:
427:
424:
399:
396:
333:
330:
306:Southeast Asia
293:
290:
168:
165:
118:curach adhmaid
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2945:
2944:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2904:
2902:
2887:
2886:
2877:
2875:
2874:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2854:
2851:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2834:Fishing banks
2832:
2830:
2827:
2826:
2824:
2820:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2775:
2773:
2771:
2767:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2722:
2720:
2718:
2714:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2680:
2676:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2627:
2623:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2594:
2590:
2585:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2513:
2508:
2504:
2497:
2492:
2490:
2485:
2483:
2478:
2477:
2474:
2462:
2454:
2453:
2450:
2444:
2441:
2440:
2438:
2436:
2432:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2415:
2413:
2409:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2364:
2362:
2358:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2328:
2326:
2324:
2320:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2188:Perahu payang
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2013:Galway hooker
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1923:Cape Islander
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
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1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1847:
1842:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1806:Fishing fleet
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1796:Factory ships
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1764:
1759:
1757:
1752:
1750:
1745:
1744:
1741:
1728:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1712:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1696:
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1690:
1689:
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1680:
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1671:
1669:
1668:
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1657:
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1646:
1642:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1586:
1580:
1579:Octuple scull
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1543:
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1507:
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1484:
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1468:
1463:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1430:(18 May 1926)
1429:
1426:
1423:
1419:
1416:
1410:
1406:
1401:
1397:
1392:
1388:
1383:
1381:
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1371:
1367:
1362:
1359:
1355:
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1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1324:
1323:
1319:
1312:
1307:
1304:
1299:
1298:irishfest.com
1295:
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1025:
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1012:
1005:
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967:
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946:
942:
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920:
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903:
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886:
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841:
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832:
827:
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785:
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587:St Beccan of
582:
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531:
530:Meitheal Mara
522:
515:
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511:
502:
500:
498:
490:
488:
481:
479:
476:
475:last thwart.
472:
466:
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462:
461:Achill Island
458:
450:
448:
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322:James Hornell
319:
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266:River Shannon
263:
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58:
49:
43:
38:
30:
26:
22:
2907:Rowing boats
2883:
2871:
2750:Spearfishing
2539:Fish farming
2412:Recreational
2360:Oyster boats
2018:Herring buss
1952:
1928:Chasse-marée
1717:boats - Open
1715:Ocean rowing
1683:Ocean rowing
1665:
1655:
1569:Double scull
1564:Single scull
1532:Coxless four
1522:Coxless pair
1461:
1454:
1448:
1442:
1436:
1427:
1421:
1420:Ainslie, H.
1404:
1395:
1386:
1365:
1334:(224): 224,
1331:
1327:
1306:
1297:
1288:
1276:. Retrieved
1272:the original
1262:
1250:. Retrieved
1245:
1236:
1228:
1225:2010 results
1220:
1212:
1209:2008 results
1204:
1197:Coonagh Crew
1196:
1193:2007 results
1188:
1174:
1166:
1162:
1157:
1149:
1144:
1135:
1126:
1117:
1109:the original
1099:
1090:
1081:
1072:
1063:
1054:
1027:
1018:
1009:
1004:
996:
991:
982:
974:
969:
960:
948:. Retrieved
937:The Guardian
936:
926:
910:
905:
896:
884:
880:
872:
867:
856:
852:
843:
834:
826:the original
821:
812:
803:
794:
779:Goatley boat
727:
720:
715:
709:
705:
695:
693:
687:
683:
674:
666:
664:
656:
643:
637:
619:
617:
592:
586:
562:
546:
534:
527:
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494:
485:
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445:
438:
429:
419:
408:
405:
401:
389:
366:
347:
343:
295:
281:
273:
255:
244:
229:
224:
217:
203:
199:
193:
189:
185:
161:
157:bĂĄd iomartha
156:
154:
149:
142:
135:
125:
121:
117:
92:in counties
84:
82:
56:
54:
25:
2735:Fishing net
2707:Fly fishing
2569:Overfishing
2524:Aquaculture
2509:topic areas
1850:Traditional
1213:The Sin Bin
977:, July 1922
859:, cap. IV:
537:Ilen School
219:Tim Severin
2901:Categories
2829:Fish ponds
2730:Fishfinder
2717:Techniques
2679:Recreation
2659:Processing
2639:By country
2351:Swampscott
2341:Gloucester
2298:Well smack
2193:Peter boat
1998:Frejgatina
1811:Longliners
1778:Commercial
1605:Frejgatina
1574:Quad scull
1552:Fine boats
1537:Coxed four
1527:Coxed pair
1510:Fine boats
1320:References
764:St Brendan
559:St Columba
549:River Spey
443:currachs.
412:seine boat
312:, a round
213:wickerwork
196:St Brendan
177:Great Ouse
152:, a boat.
106:West Clare
16:Irish boat
2822:Locations
2725:Fish trap
2649:Marketing
2606:Fisherman
2516:Fisheries
2503:Fisheries
2420:Bass boat
2392:Schooners
2382:Log canoe
2238:Shad boat
2213:Reed boat
2208:Pump boat
2163:Panineman
2088:Lepa-lepa
2023:Ipanitika
2008:Gableboat
1983:FembĂžring
1863:Armadahan
1358:1476-4687
945:0261-3077
749:Bull boat
684:curracher
632:Speymouth
426:Oldbridge
373:chainwale
228:, in his
98:Waterford
2885:Category
2857:Glossary
2760:Trolling
2755:Trawling
2664:Products
2626:Industry
2461:Category
2402:Skipjack
2377:Deadrise
2372:Buy-boat
2336:Cape Ann
2283:Voadeira
2253:Sneakbox
2243:Sixareen
2223:Salambaw
2178:Patorani
2153:Paduwang
2133:Nordland
2113:Mackinaw
2093:Lis-alis
2028:Jongkong
1888:Basnigan
1826:Trawlers
1791:Drifters
1667:Trainera
1661:Surfboat
1556:Sculling
1441:Shaw, L
1278:30 April
1169:page 25.
732:See also
698:(1926).
669:(1822):
649:(1775):
581:Cainnech
553:Hebrides
510:lug sail
286:rowlocks
236:Connacht
114:Connacht
2873:Outline
2687:Angling
2669:Seafood
2654:Markets
2593:Fishing
2507:fishing
2397:Sharpie
2203:Poveiro
2198:Pirogue
2143:Orembai
2033:Jangada
1988:Ferilla
1978:Felucca
1973:FalkuĆĄa
1953:Currach
1943:Coracle
1918:Camakau
1903:Bokkura
1831:Whalers
1821:Seiners
1706:Sixteen
1656:Currach
1625:Sandolo
1610:Gondola
1600:Dgħajsa
1336:Bibcode
950:14 June
744:Birlinn
739:Coracle
716:naomhĂłg
688:currach
682:"Hence
675:currach
640:coracle
618:In the
597:Columba
565:Columba
491:Shannon
441:Donegal
435:Donegal
420:naomhĂłg
377:yardarm
298:coracle
278:thwarts
260:of the
249:to the
181:Bedford
167:History
122:naomhĂłg
110:coracle
85:naomhĂłg
57:currach
21:Carrack
2813:Sinker
2770:Tackle
2425:Farley
2367:Bugeye
2323:Dories
2303:Tipnol
2268:Tataya
2263:Tatara
2228:Sampan
2218:Sandeq
2183:Pelang
2168:Paopao
2158:Pajala
2138:Ontang
2118:Mayang
2103:Lugger
2078:Lakana
2073:Kulibo
2068:Korkor
2048:Kajjik
2043:Junkun
2038:Jukung
1968:Dugout
1963:Dogger
1913:CaĂŻque
1893:Bawley
1883:Bangka
1635:Wherry
1615:Kajjik
1595:Cutter
1457:(1795)
1445:(1775)
1424:(1822)
1411:
1372:
1356:
1328:Nature
1252:7 June
1229:Leaper
1167:op cit
1150:op cit
943:
628:kettle
455:South
354:rudder
352:and a
270:osiers
78:canvas
65:curach
2862:Index
2803:Lures
2387:Pungy
2331:Banks
2278:Vinta
2258:Takia
2248:Smack
2233:Sgoth
2173:Paraw
2148:Owong
2128:Nobby
2108:Luzzu
2098:Londe
2063:Kolae
2058:Kakap
1993:Fifie
1958:Dhoni
1948:Couta
1938:Coble
1933:Chhot
1898:Bigiw
1873:Bagan
1868:Awang
1703:Eight
1542:Eight
1514:Sweep
786:Notes
774:Umiak
759:Quffa
677:swam.
646:Moray
503:Kerry
482:Clare
385:stern
369:stays
362:hides
314:Iraqi
310:quffa
302:South
240:Irish
147:Irish
143:navis
140:Latin
126:naomh
102:Kerry
61:Irish
2798:Line
2793:Hook
2783:Bait
2505:and
2313:Yoal
2308:Yawl
2293:Waka
2273:Va'a
2083:Lepa
2053:Kaep
1878:Bago
1729:Four
1726:Pair
1723:Solo
1697:Four
1694:Pair
1691:Solo
1409:ISBN
1370:ISBN
1354:ISSN
1280:2015
1254:2017
1178:The
952:2018
941:ISSN
573:Iona
457:Mayo
451:Mayo
392:hull
381:sail
358:mast
350:keel
304:and
100:and
94:Cork
2808:Rod
1700:Six
1344:doi
1332:143
589:RĂčm
563:St
318:BCE
208:Tar
179:in
150:nae
136:-Ăłg
2903::
2288:Wa
1554:â
1512:â
1352:,
1342:,
1330:,
1296:.
1244:.
1125:.
1036:^
939:.
935:.
842:.
820:.
634:."
599::
577:Hy
555:.
499:.
328:.
96:,
63::
55:A
2495:e
2488:t
2481:v
1762:e
1755:t
1748:v
1496:e
1489:t
1482:v
1346::
1338::
1300:.
1282:.
1256:.
1129:.
1013:.
954:.
921:.
900:.
875:.
846:.
59:(
23:.
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