283:, stem cuttings may be taken of soft (green or semi-ripe) wood and hard wood, which have specific differences in practice. Certain conditions lead to more favorable outcomes for cuttings; timing, size, location on the plant, and amount of foliage are all important. Stem cuttings of young wood should be taken in spring from the upper branches, while cuttings of hardened wood should be taken in winter from the lower branches. Common bounds on the length of stem cuttings are between 5โ15 centimetres (2.0โ5.9 in) for soft wood and between 20โ25 centimetres (7.9โ9.8 in) for hard wood. Soft wood cuttings do best when about two thirds of the foliage are removed, while hard wood stem cuttings need complete foliage removal. The cut needs to be done either immediately below a node, or up to 1/2 inch below a node.
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203:, is applied to the stem of root cuttings, there is an increase in the average number of adventitious roots compared to cuttings that are not treated. Researchers also applied this compound to stems without leaves that normally would not have any root formation and found that auxin induced root formation, thus determining auxin is necessary for root formation. Identification of this hormone has been important to industries that rely on vegetative propagation, as it is sometimes applied to fresh cuttings to stimulate root growth.
31:
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Optimum light levels are around 120 to 200 ฮผmol/ms at the first stage (sticking). Once callus has been formed (stage 2: callusing) and roots start to form and take up water (stage 3: root development phase), light intensity levels can be gradually increased (to 200 to 800 ฮผmol/ms). Most propagators find that 5 to 10 moles per day (i.e. observed using a Daily Light
Integral sensor) will result in a consistent rooting and growth
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window openers) the greenhouse or cold frame can lower the air temperature. Automated thermostat systems can also be used in greenhouses to keep the heat at a specific temperature. Bottom heating (soil) tends to be ideal for root initiation since growing media temperature is best maintained at 20-22 ยฐC.
492:
A typical misting frequency during sticking and callusing includes misting for 5โ8 seconds every 5โ10 minutes over a 24-hour period. After 3 to 4 days, misting is reduced to 3โ5 seconds every 10โ20 minutes during the day and less frequently at night. When roots become visible (stage 3) misting can be
442:
can be grown simply by placing a cutting into moist ground, the majority of species require more attention. Most species require humid, warm, partially shaded conditions to strike, thus requiring the approach above to be followed. Particularly difficult species may need cool air above and warm soil.
135:
Cuttings have both water and carbon stored and available, which are resources needed for plant establishment. The detached part of the plant remains physiologically active, allowing mitotic activity and new root structures to form for water and nutrient uptake. Asexual reproduction of plants is also
514:
Whereas cuttings need to be kept warm and some amount of light needs to be provided, it needs to be kept out of direct sunlight. Some ways to accomplish this include using white wash, semi-white plastic, retractible shade curtains (which can be deployed if the sun temporarily pierces through), ...
505:
Air temperature for softwood and semi-hardwood cuttings is optimal at around 70 ยฐF (21.1 ยฐC) but temperatures as low as 55 ยฐF (12.7 ยฐC) are acceptable. Heating the air above 75 ยฐF (23.8 ยฐC) stimulates the growth of pathogens. Ventilating (manually or through automatic
488:
Although several options can be used here, usually plastic is used to cover the softwood and semi-hardwood cuttings. The soil below the trays (to increase air moisture) and the soil in the trays themselves is kept moist but not waterlogged (=completely saturated). The trays the cuttings sit in are
417:
cuttings, in which a leaf is placed on moist soil. These have to develop both new stems and new roots. Some leaves will produce one plant at the base of the leaf. In some species, multiple new plants can be produced at many places on one leaf, and these can be induced by cutting the
328:(IBA) used as a powder, liquid solution, or gel. This compound is applied either to the cut tip of the cutting or as a foliar spray. Rooting hormone can be manufactured naturally, such as soaking the yellow-tipped shoots of a weeping willow tree in water, or by preparing a
493:
reduced, and by stage 4 (toning), little to no misting should be done (by day 10 to 14 for most species). When using plastic tents, far less misting is needed (once or twice a day). The greenhouse or cold frame should be ventilated once in a while to prevent formation of
156:
Adventitious root formation refers to roots that form from any structure of a plant that is not a root; these roots can form as part of normal development or due to a stress response. Adventitious root formation from the excised stem cutting is a wound response.
489:
best placed on stones to prevent capillary action (as this can keep the soil inside the trays too wet). Soil in the trays should be kept at 85 to 95% saturation. Automated (overhead) misting systems, boom systems or fog systems can be used in greenhouses.
131:
grow in shallow soils, rocky soils, and desert soils. Seedlings from sexual reproduction have a low survival rate; however, plantlets from the excised stem cuttings and leaf cuttings, broken off in the natural environment, are more successful.
305:โoften attained by placing the cuttings under a plastic sheet or in another confined space where the air can be kept moistโand in partial shade to prevent the cutting from drying out. Cuttings in the medium are typically watered with a fine
316:
may be administered to "encourage" growth and can increase the success rate of plant growth. Though not essential, several compounds may be used to promote the formation of roots through the signaling activity of
459:
There are ways of improving the growth of stem cutting propagations. Intensifying light allows cuttings to root and sprout faster, though the heat thus generated could cause the propagation material distress.
103:. There are several advantages of cuttings, mainly that the produced offspring are practically clones of their parent plants. If a plant has favorable traits, it can continue to pass down its advantageous
251:
if the proper conditions are not met. They require a moist medium, which, however, cannot be too wet lest the cutting rot. A number of media are used in this process, including but not limited to soil,
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to avoid disturbing the plants. Following the initial watering, the aim is to keep the soil moist but not wet or waterlogged; the medium is allowed to almost dry out before misting again.
294:
Besides placing the cuttings directly into soil, it is also possible to root cuttings in water. The water needs to be replaced often, to prevent bacteria buildup and the possibility of
192:
cells in the stem. In propagation of detached succulent leaves and leaf cuttings, the root primordia typically emerges from the basal callous tissue after the leaf primordia emerges.
2423:
1984:
2325:
Hansen, Jรผrgen (November 1989). "Influence of cutting position and temperature during rooting on adventitious root formation and axillary bud break of
Stephanotis floribunda".
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To note, some plants listed above, such as Coleus, Maranta, Nerium and Golden Pothos, among others, may require water for them to root before they can be transplanted to soil.
1888:
Yamashita, Oscar Mitsuo; Azevedo, Gustavo Waddan Perez; Peres, Walmor Moya; David, Grace
Queiroz; Carvalho, Marco Antonio Camillo de; Koga, Paulo Sergio (30 April 2017).
107:
to its offspring. This is especially economically advantageous as it allows commercial growers to clone a certain plant to ensure consistency throughout their crops.
172:, which are made in the root and transported to the stem, decrease in concentration. Polyphenol degradation decreases, increasing auxin concentration. The increased
92:, and a root cutting produces new stems. Some plants can be grown from leaf pieces, called leaf cuttings, which produce both stems and roots. The scions used in
332:
from the bark of a willow tree. Shoots or bark do better when soaked for 24 hours prior to using. The extract obtained from the crushing of leaves and bulbs of
1599:"Nitric Oxide Mediates the Indole Acetic Acid Induction Activation of a Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascade Involved in Adventitious Root Development"
443:
In addition, with many more difficult cuttings, one should use the type of cutting that has the most chance of success with that particular plant species.
298:. It also requires enough oxygen in the water for the same reason. A moist atmosphere (use of plastic sheeting) is hence not needed with this technique.
211:
233:
Some plants form roots much more easily than others. Stem cuttings from woody plants are treated differently, depending on the maturity of the wood:
164:, known to be necessary for adventitious root formation. When the cutting is excised from the original root system the root inhibiting hormones,
225:
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1362:
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Softwood cuttings come from stems that are rapidly expanding, with young leaves. In many species, such cuttings form roots relatively easily.
127:. Succulents have evolved with the ability to use adventitious root formation in reproduction to increase fitness in stressful environments.
148:. Epigenetic memory is heritable through mitosis, and thus advantageous stress response priming is retained in plantlets from excised stem.
42:
1923:"Aplicaรงรฃo de extratos de folhas e tubรฉrbulos de Cyperus rotundus L. e de auxinas sintรฉticas na estaquia caulinar de Duranta repens L."
1863:
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cuttings can be left in open air until the cut surface dries, which may improve root formation when the cutting is later planted.
2099:
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1999:
1304:
Diane Relf, Extension
Specialist, Environmental Horticulture; and Elizabeth Ball, Program Support Technician; Virginia Tech
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that both regulate mitotic division and are both necessary for the initiation of adventitious root formation. The root
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1245:
wrote about plant cuttings and root growth behavior in his poems "Cuttings" and "Cuttings (Later)" found in his book
841:
2021:
Larquรฉ-Saavedra, Alfonso; Martin-Mex, Rodolfo (2007). "Effects of
Salicylic Acid on the Bioproductivity of Plants".
1841:
1550:"Adventitious rooting declines with the vegetative to reproductive switch and involves a changed auxin homeostasis"
1717:
1410:
1597:
Pagnussat, Gabriela
Carolina; Lanteri, Marรญa Luciana; Lombardo, Marรญa Cristina; Lamattina, Lorenzo (1 May 2004).
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Most plant cuttings are stem pieces, and have no root system of their own, and are therefore likely to die from
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evolutionarily advantageous as it allows plantlets to be better suited to their environment through retention of
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Crisp, Peter A.; Ganguly, Diep; Eichten, Steven R.; Borevitz, Justin O.; Pogson, Barry J. (February 2016).
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Root cuttings, in which a section of root is buried just below the soil surface, and produces new shoots.
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1978:
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80:. If the conditions are suitable, the plant piece will begin to grow as a new plant independent of the
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346:, though it does not contain any plant hormones, can also aid in rooting success through its natural
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Semi-hardwood cuttings come from stems that have completed elongation growth and have mature leaves.
1890:"SEEDLING PRODUCTION OF FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL SPECIES TO THE USE OF WEED HORMONE (Cyperus rotundus)"
542:
280:
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At a molecular level when a cutting is first excised at the stem there is an immediate increase in
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memory, heritable patterns of phenotypic differences that are not due to changes in DNA but rather
104:
1437:"Reconsidering plant memory: Intersections between stress recovery, RNA turnover, and epigenetics"
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1345:
1183:
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Hussey, G. (1978). "The application of tissue culture to the vegetative propagation of plants".
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A plastic cold frame with semi-white plastic, used to keep the cuttings humid and semi-shaded
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mixes can be used. Many commercial companies sell medium specifically for growing cuttings.
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concentration increases nitric oxide concentration which initiates root formation through a
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Stem cuttings, in which a piece of stem is part buried in the soil, including at least one
2424:"Propagating Foliage & Flowering Plants - Ornamental Production Ornamental Production"
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1411:"Description of Asexual Reproduction in a Texas succulent Sedum Wright 2 (Crassulaceae)"
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Hardwood cuttings come from fully matured stems, and are often propagated while dormant.
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342:) is used as an excellent rooting of cuttings and seedlings of various plant species.
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221:) are kept under a water mist to prevent them from drying out while they form roots.
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Depending on the type of cutting (i.e. tree, shrub, succulent, cacti) different
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cuttings can be mildly heated in water to disinfect it from the fungus pathogen
439:
257:
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2308:"Tips on Successful Young Plant Propagation | PRO-MIX Greenhouse Growing"
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Plants which can be propagated from stem, leaf and/or tip cuttings include:
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stem cutting has been coaxed to form new roots, and is now a complete plant.
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Many vegetative parts of a plant can be used. The most common methods are:
2460:
2174:
2122:"Certain plant species having more success with certain types of cuttings"
1614:
1314:
McKey, Doyle; Elias, Marianne; Pujol, Benoรฎt; Duputiรฉ, Anne (April 2010).
381:
Scheme of appropriate type of stem cuttings according to season. Key: eq.:
301:
The environment for softwood and semi-hardwood cuttings is generally kept
2100:"What Are Root Cuttings: Information On Taking Cuttings From Root Growth"
1970:
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or root of the source plant is placed in a suitable medium such as moist
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1316:"The evolutionary ecology of clonally propagated domesticated plants"
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579:(variegated plants will keep their yellow edges only by division).
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2175:"Hot Water Treatment Eliminates Rhizoctonia from Azalea Cuttings"
2148:"Study shines light on ways to cut costs for greenhouse growers"
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401:. The cutting is able to produce new roots, usually at the node.
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261:
89:
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1921:
Rezende, F.P.F.; Zuffellato-Ribas, K.C.; Koehler, H.S. (2013).
1159:
329:
2233:"Moisture management during vegetative cutting propagation"
564:
can readily root after being placed in water or in compost.
2000:"Honey As A Root Hormone: How To Root Cuttings With Honey"
1648:"Hormones in relation to root formation of stem cuttings"
1548:
Rasmussen; Hossseini; Hajirezaei; Druege; Geelen (2015).
1499:
Steffens, Bianka; Rasmussen, Amanda (30 January 2016).
468:, and this could potentially be used for other plants.
99:
Propagating plants from cuttings is an ancient form of
1769:"Learn Everything You Need to Know About Plant Nodes"
575:are propagated by leaf cuttings or by dividing the
119:in succulent horticulture, commonly referred to as
1955:"Honey as a Stimulant to the Rooting of Cuttings1"
519:Plant species that allow propagation from cuttings
362:tablet in water can also aid the rooting process.
272:, and even water given the right conditions. Most
1983:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
1866:. Pioneerthinking.com. 2005-11-02. Archived from
1787:"Propagation by Cuttings, Layering and Division"
422:. The leaf cutting method is commonly used with
2406:"Managing Light to Improve Rooting of Cuttings"
2290:"Does Temperature Affect Rooting of Cuttings?"
1302:Propagation by Cuttings, Layering and Division
8:
389:, HW: hardwood, SR: semi-ripe, SW: softwood.
1222:โ stem cuttings, grafting, aerial layering
2353:"Managing temperature during propagation"
1937:
1905:
1737:
1735:
1671:
1622:
1573:
1524:
1468:
1331:
123:. A cutting can also be referred to as a
2284:
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2227:
2225:
2223:
2221:
1926:Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais
582:
567:
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376:
195:It was known as early as 1935 that when
52:โ after 14 days the roots are 6 cm long.
41:
29:
2202:
2200:
2198:
2196:
1294:
553:) are propagated by seeds and cuttings.
324:. Among the commonly used chemicals is
2146:Wallheimer, Brian (January 23, 2012).
1976:
1864:"How to make your own rooting hormone"
1501:"The Physiology of Adventitious Roots"
370:For cuttings used in viticulture, see
60:is a piece of a plant that is used in
1646:Cooper, William C. (1 October 1935).
7:
2173:Yao, Stephanie (December 24, 2009).
1494:
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1488:
1430:
1428:
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1402:
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2388:"Managing Light During Propagation"
2124:. Healthrecipes.com. Archived from
1842:"How to grow plants using cuttings"
2251:"Getting The Most Out Of Cuttings"
2208:"Perfecting Perennial Propagation"
2179:USDA Agricultural Research Service
2056:"Gardens: drug therapy for plants"
1953:Oliver, R. W. (16 November 2016).
229:Cuttings from a variety of plants.
111:Evolutionary advantage: Succulents
25:
2098:Carroll, Jackie (14 April 2015).
2081:"HO-37: New Plants from Cuttings"
115:Cuttings are used as a method of
2471:
2459:
1333:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03210.x
2054:Wong, James (31 January 2016).
2023:Salicylic Acid: A Plant Hormone
1939:10.1590/S1516-05722013000500003
1828:www.missouribotanicalgarden.org
1742:Buchan, Ursula (3 April 2010).
1718:"How to take softwood cuttings"
844:โ tip cuttings or stem cuttings
430:Although some species, such as
290:Ficus cuttings rooting in water
2476:Learning materials related to
1998:Tilley, Nikki (6 April 2013).
1554:Journal of Experimental Botany
1247:The Lost Son: And Other Poems.
88:. A stem cutting produces new
1:
2443:The Lost Son: And Other Poems
1415:SIDA, Contributions to Botany
658:โ tip, leaf and stem cuttings
2339:10.1016/0304-4238(89)90108-8
1744:"How to take plant cuttings"
538:cling lightly to the ground.
27:Method of propagating plants
2428:aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu
1824:"Rooting Cuttings in Water"
1806:"Rooting Cuttings in Water"
534:can be moved easily as its
407:Scion cuttings are used in
2525:
2441:Roethke, Theodore (1948).
2294:Home Guides | SF Gate
940:(cassava) โ stem cuttings
369:
215:Softwood cuttings of elm (
96:are also called cuttings.
2370:"How to Propagate Plants"
1409:Gravatt (December 2004).
1377:Science Progress (1933- )
1283:Propagation of grapevines
595:taken from a mother vine.
372:Propagation of grapevines
1363:Reproduction and cloning
808:โ leaf or steam cuttings
530:Propagated by cuttings,
501:Air and soil temperature
2410:Greenhouse Product News
2392:Greenhouse Product News
2255:Greenhouse Product News
2031:10.1007/1-4020-5184-0_2
1258:Division (horticulture)
1108:โ stem or stem cuttings
1012:โ tip and stem cuttings
904:โ leaf or stem cuttings
856:โ leaf or stem cuttings
850:โ leaf or stem cuttings
790:โ leaf or stem cuttings
772:โ stem or leaf cuttings
754:โ stem or leaf cuttings
742:โ stem or leaf cuttings
700:โ stem and tip cuttings
628:โ stem and tip cuttings
622:โ stem and tip cuttings
121:vegetative reproduction
2327:Scientia Horticulturae
2312:www.pthorticulture.com
2102:. gardeningknowhow.com
2002:. gardeningknowhow.com
1973:(inactive 2024-09-12).
1959:Scientific Agriculture
1932:(4 suppl 1): 639โ645.
1907:10.3738/1982.2278.1988
1461:10.1126/sciadv.1501340
1210:โ stem or tip cuttings
1126:โ stem or tip cuttings
1120:โ stem or tip cuttings
1066:โ stem or tip cuttings
1006:โ tip or leaf cuttings
832:โ tip or stem cuttings
814:โ tip or stem cuttings
736:โ tip or stem cuttings
596:
580:
565:
554:
547:Pelargonium x hortorum
539:
456:
390:
291:
230:
222:
182:cGMP-dependent pathway
53:
49:Coleus scutellarioides
39:
1844:. readersdigest.co.uk
1615:10.1104/pp.103.038554
604:โ tip or leaf cutting
591:is propagated from a
586:
571:
560:
545:
529:
484:Air and soil humidity
454:
380:
326:indole-3-butyric acid
289:
270:expanded clay pellets
228:
214:
199:(IAA), also known as
197:indolyl-3-acetic acid
84:, a process known as
45:
33:
2504:Asexual reproduction
2468:at Wikimedia Commons
2269:"Cuttings: softwood"
1971:10.4141/sa-1939-0034
1720:. gardenersworld.com
1696:"Cuttings: softwood"
1118:Senecio crassissimus
117:asexual reproduction
2212:www.growertalks.com
2154:. Purdue University
1810:Mother Earth Living
1791:www.pubs.ext.vt.edu
1664:10.1104/pp.10.4.789
1517:10.1104/pp.15.01360
1453:2016SciA....2E1340C
281:temperate countries
178:MAPK signal cascade
105:genetic information
2499:Plant reproduction
2239:. 2 February 2018.
2025:. pp. 15โ23.
1804:DeBaggio, Thomas.
1566:10.1093/jxb/eru499
1237:In popular culture
1184:Tetradenia riparia
1076:Resurrection plant
676:โ leaf or cuttings
597:
581:
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54:
40:
2478:plant propagation
2464:Media related to
2040:978-1-4020-5183-8
1112:Senecio angulatus
447:Improving results
144:modification and
72:. A piece of the
18:Cuttings (plants)
16:(Redirected from
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1652:Plant Physiology
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1603:Plant Physiology
1594:
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1577:
1560:(5): 1437โ1452.
1545:
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1505:Plant Physiology
1496:
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1482:
1472:
1441:Science Advances
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1392:
1383:(258): 185โ208.
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1299:
1243:Theodore Roethke
1148:String of hearts
1124:Senecio tamoides
1070:Red-hot cat tail
980:Othonna capensis
710:Christmas cactus
589:common grapevine
551:garden geraniums
339:Cyperus rotundus
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1486:
1447:(2): e1501340.
1434:
1433:
1426:
1408:
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1396:
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1373:
1369:
1361:
1357:
1320:New Phytologist
1313:
1312:
1308:
1300:
1296:
1291:
1254:
1239:
1231:
1228:โ stem cuttings
1204:โ stem cuttings
1198:โ stem cuttings
1192:โ stem cuttings
1186:โ stem cuttings
1180:โ stem cuttings
1174:โ stem cuttings
1168:โ stem cuttings
1162:โ stem cuttings
1156:โ stem cuttings
1150:โ stem cuttings
1144:โ stem cuttings
1138:โ stem cuttings
1114:โ stem cuttings
1102:โ leaf cuttings
1096:โ leaf cuttings
1090:โ stem cuttings
1084:โ stem cuttings
1072:โ stem cuttings
1060:โ stem cuttings
1054:โ stem cuttings
1048:โ stem cuttings
1042:โ stem cuttings
1030:โ stem cuttings
1024:โ stem cuttings
994:โ stem cuttings
988:โ stem cuttings
982:โ stem cuttings
976:โ stem cuttings
970:โ stem cuttings
964:โ stem cuttings
958:โ stem cuttings
952:- Stem cuttings
934:โ stem cuttings
922:โ stem cuttings
892:โ stem cuttings
880:โ stem cuttings
868:โ stem cuttings
862:โ stem cuttings
838:โ stem cuttings
820:โ stem cuttings
802:โ leaf cuttings
796:โ stem cuttings
784:โ stem cuttings
760:โ stem cuttings
758:Common purslane
748:โ stem cuttings
724:โ stem cuttings
706:โ stem cuttings
694:โ stem cuttings
670:โ stem cuttings
664:โ stem cuttings
652:โ stem cuttings
646:โ stem cuttings
640:โ stem cuttings
634:โ stem cuttings
616:โ stem cuttings
521:
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375:
368:
314:rooting hormone
209:
154:
146:DNA methylation
113:
28:
23:
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12:
11:
5:
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2496:
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2480:at Wikiversity
2469:
2455:
2454:External links
2452:
2449:
2448:
2433:
2415:
2397:
2379:
2376:. Dec 8, 2012.
2374:Planet Natural
2361:
2344:
2333:(4): 345โ354.
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2273:www.rhs.org.uk
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2165:
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2013:
1990:
1965:(9): 586โ588.
1945:
1913:
1900:(1): 279โ288.
1880:
1855:
1833:
1815:
1796:
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1760:
1731:
1709:
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1658:(4): 789โ794.
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1133:
1132:โ tip cuttings
1127:
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1103:
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1079:
1078:โ tip cuttings
1073:
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1049:
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1036:โ tip cuttings
1031:
1025:
1019:
1018:โ tip cuttings
1016:Pilea cadierei
1013:
1007:
1001:
1000:โ tip cuttings
995:
989:
986:Parthenocissus
983:
977:
971:
965:
959:
953:
947:
946:โ tip cuttings
941:
935:
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928:โ tip cuttings
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916:โ stem cutting
911:
910:โ stem cutting
905:
899:
898:โ stem cutting
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886:โ tip cuttings
881:
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874:โ tip cuttings
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766:โ tip cuttings
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730:โ tip cuttings
725:
722:Cochliasanthus
719:
718:โ tip cuttings
713:
712:โ tip cuttings
707:
701:
695:
689:
688:โ tip cuttings
683:
682:โ tip cuttings
677:
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629:
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610:โ tip cuttings
605:
602:African violet
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2128:on 2002-12-07
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1870:on 2010-02-26
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1064:Pseudogynoxys
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848:Graptopetalum
846:
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830:Golden pothos
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776:Dieffenbachia
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632:Alternanthera
630:
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373:
365:
363:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
340:
335:
331:
327:
323:
320:
319:plant hormone
315:
310:
308:
304:
299:
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288:
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277:
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220:
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213:
206:
204:
202:
198:
193:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
170:strigolactone
167:
163:
162:jasmonic acid
158:
151:
149:
147:
143:
139:
133:
130:
126:
122:
118:
110:
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102:
97:
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83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
51:
50:
46:Cutting from
44:
37:
32:
19:
2494:Horticulture
2442:
2436:
2427:
2418:
2409:
2400:
2391:
2382:
2373:
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2347:
2330:
2326:
2320:
2311:
2302:
2293:
2272:
2263:
2254:
2245:
2236:
2211:
2183:. Retrieved
2178:
2168:
2156:. Retrieved
2151:
2141:
2130:. Retrieved
2126:the original
2116:
2104:. Retrieved
2093:
2084:
2075:
2063:. Retrieved
2060:The Guardian
2059:
2049:
2022:
2016:
2004:. Retrieved
1993:
1979:cite journal
1962:
1958:
1948:
1929:
1925:
1916:
1897:
1893:
1883:
1872:. Retrieved
1868:the original
1858:
1846:. Retrieved
1836:
1827:
1818:
1809:
1799:
1790:
1781:
1772:
1763:
1751:. Retrieved
1747:
1722:. Retrieved
1712:
1700:. Retrieved
1698:. rhs.org.uk
1690:
1655:
1651:
1641:
1606:
1602:
1592:
1557:
1553:
1543:
1508:
1504:
1444:
1440:
1418:
1414:
1380:
1376:
1370:
1358:
1323:
1319:
1309:
1297:
1273:Potting soil
1246:
1240:
1232:
1190:Tradescantia
1130:Shrimp plant
1046:Portulacaria
1028:Plectranthus
1010:Philodendron
746:Crepe myrtle
662:Blackberries
650:Baby's tears
573:Snake plants
550:
522:
513:
504:
497:(manually).
491:
487:
478:potting soil
475:
458:
440:pelargoniums
429:
392:
354:properties.
337:
311:
300:
293:
278:
246:
232:
216:
194:
159:
155:
134:
114:
98:
85:
62:horticulture
57:
55:
47:
1268:Hemerochory
1094:Sansevieria
998:Pelargonium
674:Bryophyllum
532:Inch Plants
466:Rhizoctonia
258:vermiculite
249:dehydration
70:propagation
2488:Categories
2132:2010-02-21
2085:purdue.edu
1874:2010-02-21
1773:The Spruce
1289:References
1178:Thunbergia
1136:Sugar cane
1106:Schefflera
1040:Poinsettia
1034:Podocarpus
920:Lemon balm
668:Brugmansia
436:blackberry
424:succulents
420:leaf veins
352:antifungal
348:antiseptic
334:coco-grass
188:form from
152:Physiology
138:epigenetic
129:Succulents
68:(asexual)
66:vegetative
2181:. Physorg
2106:2 October
2065:2 October
2006:2 October
1848:2 October
1753:3 October
1724:1 October
1702:1 October
1365:BBC 2014
1278:Propagule
1241:The poet
1142:Syngonium
1022:Pineapple
1004:Peperomia
902:Kalanchoe
884:Impatiens
854:Haworthia
842:Grape ivy
818:Forsythia
806:Euphorbia
800:Echeveria
740:Cotyledon
734:Cordyline
626:Aizoaceae
608:Aglaonema
399:leaf node
274:succulent
266:rock wool
207:Technique
186:primordia
166:cytokinin
125:propagule
2466:cuttings
2185:July 31,
2158:July 31,
1682:16653316
1633:15122018
1584:25540438
1535:26697895
1479:26989783
1389:43420451
1350:11637652
1342:20202131
1263:Grafting
1252:See also
1082:Rosemary
968:Oleander
944:Monstera
932:Marjoram
866:Hibiscus
824:Geranium
794:Delairea
782:Dracaena
770:Crassula
698:Cannabis
692:Callisia
686:Calathea
620:Anredera
510:Sunlight
409:grafting
387:solstice
385:, sol.:
356:Cinnamon
296:root rot
94:grafting
86:striking
56:A plant
36:magnolia
2509:Cloning
1894:Nucleus
1575:4339602
1526:4734560
1470:4788475
1449:Bibcode
1208:Wedelia
1202:Verbena
1196:Vanilla
1154:Syringa
992:Parsley
974:Oregano
950:Moringa
926:Maranta
914:Kumquat
908:Kleinia
896:Jasmine
890:Ipomoea
836:Gibasis
788:Dudleya
704:Cestrum
656:Begonia
614:Aeonium
577:rhizome
536:stolons
383:equinox
360:Aspirin
254:perlite
190:cambial
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