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33:
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898:
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62:
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442:
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756:. Seeds should be very fresh, seeds will not last long. Cyclamen are dark germs, so the seed is covered with soil and set up dark. The best germination temperature is 18 °C (64 °F). The germination period is 20 to 30 days. After germination, the seed boxes are highlighted. With good care, the plants can live to about 20 to 30 years old.
744:
used to collect the root, and after grating it, would mix it with lime and sprinkle it over the surface of lakes or other large bodies of water known to contain fish. These poisonous mixtures would stun fish, which would then come to the surface and be collected by the fishermen. Such methods, as
729:
before its first mention in 1620. Certainly, it has been cultivated since 1731 in France. The start of the variety breeding is dated to the 1860s, starting from
England. The different varieties of it were created exclusively by breeding with variants of the wild species. An introgression of other
437:
and 5 upswept petals, usually white to pale pink with a band of deep pink to magenta at the base. Cyclamen carry on individual stems standing flowers that hang down but whose petals are bent strongly upwards. In the species, flowers are sweetly scented, but the scent has been lost in cultivated
1440:
Eckehart J. Jäger, Friedrich Ebel, Peter Hanelt, Gerd K. Mueller (ed.): Excursion flora of
Germany . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. Volume 5: Herbaceous ornamental and useful plants . Springer, Spektrum Academic Publisher, Berlin / Heidelberg 2008,
405:, up to 14 cm (6 in) usually green with lighter markings on the upper surface. The leaf underside may be pale green or reddish. The leaf margin is slightly thickened and usually serrated. As a storage and persistence organ,
646:
417:
is about 4 to 15 cm or more in diameter. It is of corky consistency. The roots spring from the underside, and the tops of the spirally arranged, long-stalked leaves of the plant spring from the top.
801:
536:
soils up to an altitude of 1000 meters. In the summer months, the high temperature and the dryness lead to the death of the aerial plant parts. The plants outlast the dry season in their shallow
465:
in summer. The fruits are capsules, which are sunk into the ground with increasing maturity, by waxing and curling of the stem. The capsules only open when they are in the ground.
1495:
Armin Jagel, Marcus
Lubienski: Cyclamen persicum - Cyclamen (Primulaceae) and other cyclamen in the garden. Yearbook of the Bochum Botanical Association. Vol. 9, 2018, pp. 195–206
830:
1729:
736:
has a dark-brown tuberous root which is semi-poisonous. In some cultures, the tubers were used in making soap, as they generate a lather when mixed with water. The
413:
tuber. It arises solely through a thickening of the hypocotyl, the shoot axis area between the root neck and the first cotyledon. The rounded, slightly flattened
1781:
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1677:
1742:
1690:
1532:
1523:
767:
32:
1853:
1804:
1483:
1446:
489:. In particular, the following occurrences are documented: In North Africa, the species is represented in the northern and eastern parts of
1991:
1641:
1007:
1002:
Michael Hickey, Clive King: Common families of flowering plants, the press syndicate of the
University of Cambridge 2003, pages 72 f.
846:
1986:
1023:
1981:
354:
to rocky hillsides, shrubland, and woodland up to 1,200 m (3,900 ft) above sea level, from south-central Turkey to the
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Christopher Gray-Wilson: Cyclamen: a guide for gardeners, horticulturists and botanists. BT Batsford, London 2002,
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873:
1755:
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1809:
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well as fishing with explosives, which came into use in the early 20th century, were banned by the
401:
plant that reaches heights of about 32 cm (13 in). Wild plants have heart-shaped, fleshy
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Education and
Development among the Negev Tribes in the Twentieth Century
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cultivars in a
Californian nursery operated by Japanese horticulturalists
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tubers. They then drift off again at the beginning of the colder season.
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45:
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358:. It also grows in Algeria and Tunisia and on the Greek islands of
1892:
1721:
1633:
1461:, the Loeb Classical Library edition, vol. ii, London 1916, p. 263
726:
645:
510:
434:
414:
367:
347:
73:
41:
753:
525:
402:
1620:
1543:
556:, distinguished by flowering time and predominant petal color.
529:
461:
develops, but does not coil as in other cyclamens. Plants go
16:
1552:
657:The following is a selection of cultivars. All are
521:, the only deposits in Europe could be occupied.
457:, the flower stem curls downwards slightly as the
40:A typical wild form along the green path between
936:
934:
932:
930:
836:Pollinated flowers of a cultivated specimen of
569:(winter- and spring-flowering — all of range)
8:
497:. In Western Asia, stocks were confirmed in
1540:
425:Flowers bloom from winter to spring (var.
31:
20:
532:thickets and open rocky slopes mostly on
1533:United States Department of Agriculture
1524:Germplasm Resources Information Network
926:
763:
209:
7:
1797:9f04f30c-381c-4875-8147-d25f73b512c7
524:The preferred growing sites include
14:
1459:Theophrastus, Enquiry into Plants
725:This species probably arrived in
255:f. albidum (Jord.) Grey-Wilson
1872:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:700765-1
908:
896:
884:
872:
860:
845:
829:
800:
781:
766:
661:, and best grown under glass in
60:
807:The autumn-flowering variety (
1:
1529:Agricultural Research Service
984:. Royal Horticultural Society
955:. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
1992:Taxa named by Philip Miller
752:Cyclamen are propagated by
730:species has not occurred.
2008:
953:Plants of the World Online
1478:), New-York 2001, p. 47 (
788:A flowering plant in the
517:. In the eastern part of
370:, where it may have been
208:
201:
184:
177:
57:Scientific classification
55:
39:
30:
23:
1987:Plants described in 1768
1420:'Sierra White with Eye'"
1166:'Laser Salmon with Eye'"
1066:'Halios Bright Fuchsia'"
1982:Garden plants of Europe
1368:'Sierra Pink with Eye'"
715:'Sierra White with Eye'
685:'Laser Salmon with Eye'
673:'Halios Bright Fuchsia'
223:Fisch. ex Hoffmanns.
1416:"RHS Plant Selector -
1390:"RHS Plant Selector -
1364:"RHS Plant Selector -
1342:'Sierra Light Purple'"
1338:"RHS Plant Selector -
1313:"RHS Plant Selector -
1288:"RHS Plant Selector -
1237:"RHS Plant Selector -
1212:"RHS Plant Selector -
1187:"RHS Plant Selector -
1162:"RHS Plant Selector -
1137:"RHS Plant Selector -
1112:"RHS Plant Selector -
1087:"RHS Plant Selector -
1062:"RHS Plant Selector -
1037:"RHS Plant Selector -
840:, showing stem curling
709:'Sierra Pink with Eye'
654:
548:There are two natural
445:
382:are the commonly seen
1977:Garden plants of Asia
1967:Flora of North Africa
1962:Flora of Western Asia
891:Rose coloured variety
773:A flowering plant in
706:'Sierra Light Purple'
649:
473:The natural range of
444:
429:) or in autumn (var.
268:Cyclamen pyrolifolium
1241:'Miracle Deep Rose'"
818:Sternbergia clusiana
585:(white to pale pink)
879:At a garden centre
694:'Miracle Deep Rose'
544:Varieties and forms
433:) and have 5 small
244:Cyclamen latifolium
239:Sieber ex Steud.
236:Cyclamen hederaceum
228:Cyclamen antiochium
1266:'Miracle Scarlet'"
1041:'Concerto Apollo'"
655:
637:(autumn-flowering)
552:and several named
446:
409:forms a perennial
384:florist's cyclamen
308:Cyclaminus persica
276:Cyclamen tunetanum
220:Cyclamen aleppicum
1944:
1943:
1818:Open Tree of Life
1584:Cyclamen persicum
1554:Cyclamen persicum
1546:Taxon identifiers
1517:Cyclamen persicum
1484:978-1-57181-832-4
1447:978-3-8274-0918-8
1394:'Sierra Scarlet'"
1317:'Sierra Fuchsia'"
976:Cyclamen persicum
948:
944:Cyclamen persicum
853:Cyclamen persicum
742:Mandate Palestine
734:Cyclamen persicum
697:'Miracle Scarlet'
670:'Concerto Apollo'
651:Cyclamen persicum
475:Cyclamen persicum
395:Cyclamen persicum
322:Cyclamen persicum
318:
317:
312:
304:
296:
288:
284:Cyclamen utopicum
280:
272:
264:
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252:Cyclamen persicum
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216:
188:Cyclamen persicum
25:Cyclamen persicum
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1774:NHMSYS0000457795
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1470:Aref Abu-Rabia,
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1292:'Miracle White'"
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1191:'Laser Scarlet'"
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1091:'Halios Violet'"
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712:'Sierra Scarlet'
703:'Sierra Fuchsia'
627:(red to carmine)
493:and in northern
487:Southeast Europe
397:is a perennial,
311:(Mill.) Asch.
310:
302:
300:Cyclamen vulgare
294:
292:Cyclamen vernale
286:
278:
270:
262:
260:Cyclamen punicum
254:
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222:
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212:Cyclamen albidum
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170:C. persicum
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1116:'Halios White'"
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747:British Mandate
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700:'Miracle White'
688:'Laser Scarlet'
676:'Halios Violet'
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346:growing from a
344:perennial plant
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682:'Laser Rose'
659:frost-tender
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523:
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479:North Africa
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1846:kew-2749807
1704:iNaturalist
1578:Wikispecies
1348:7 September
982:www.rhs.org
867:In the wild
838:C. persicum
809:C. persicum
631:C. persicum
617:C. persicum
613:(rose-pink)
603:C. persicum
589:C. persicum
573:C. persicum
561:C. persicum
455:pollination
407:C. persicum
390:Description
146:Primulaceae
100:Angiosperms
1951:Categories
1841:Plant List
1426:31 October
1400:31 October
1374:31 October
1322:31 October
1297:28 October
1272:31 October
1246:28 October
1221:23 October
1196:23 October
1171:23 October
1146:23 October
1121:23 October
1096:23 October
1071:23 October
1046:28 October
988:1 February
959:2019-03-09
921:References
534:calcareous
509:, western
399:herbaceous
374:by monks.
372:introduced
341:herbaceous
271:Salisb.
1660:200016969
855:in Israel
813:autumnale
665:regions:
663:temperate
642:Cultivars
635:autumnale
550:varieties
528:forests,
483:West Asia
431:autumnale
411:hypocotyl
376:Cultivars
364:Karpathos
338:flowering
303:Champy
231:Decne.
164:Species:
70:Kingdom:
1957:Cyclamen
1911:26400750
1906:Tropicos
1893:Species+
1735:10455465
1722:700765-1
1563:Wikidata
1418:Cyclamen
1392:Cyclamen
1366:Cyclamen
1340:Cyclamen
1315:Cyclamen
1290:Cyclamen
1264:Cyclamen
1239:Cyclamen
1214:Cyclamen
1189:Cyclamen
1164:Cyclamen
1139:Cyclamen
1114:Cyclamen
1089:Cyclamen
1064:Cyclamen
1039:Cyclamen
775:Nazareth
738:Bedouins
625:puniceum
621:persicum
607:persicum
593:persicum
583:persicum
577:persicum
567:persicum
427:persicum
378:of this
329:cyclamen
327:Persian
295:Mill.
279:Jord.
263:Pomel
215:Jord.
203:Synonyms
157:Cyclamen
142:Family:
136:Ericales
126:Asterids
113:Eudicots
1756:MoBotPF
1683:3169317
1569:Q150055
821:in the
815:) with
760:Gallery
597:albidum
495:Tunisia
491:Algeria
481:across
463:dormant
438:forms.
421:Flowers
380:species
334:species
332:, is a
152:Genus:
132:Order:
74:Plantae
1885:101163
1859:CYPE10
1854:PLANTS
1823:477897
1794:NZOR:
1761:285595
1748:505950
1709:341141
1670:CYCPER
1667:FoIO:
1647:178881
1621:595303
1595:166702
1592:APDB:
1482:
1445:
1022:
1006:
794:Israel
611:roseum
519:Greece
515:Turkey
507:Jordan
503:Israel
499:Cyprus
453:After
435:sepals
403:leaves
366:, and
360:Rhodes
356:Levant
352:native
325:, the
247:Sm.
50:Israel
46:Nesher
1918:WoI:
1898:20515
1833:10633
1830:PFI:
1805:NZPCN
1787:87530
1730:IRMNG
1696:12744
1642:EUNIS
1634:CYZPE
1608:32SM8
1422:. RHS
1396:. RHS
1370:. RHS
1344:. RHS
1268:. RHS
947:Mill.
811:var.
754:seeds
727:Paris
633:var.
619:var.
605:var.
591:var.
575:var.
554:forms
511:Syria
469:Range
449:Fruit
415:tuber
368:Crete
348:tuber
195:Mill.
120:Clade
107:Clade
94:Clade
81:Clade
42:Yagur
1867:POWO
1810:4569
1782:NCBI
1743:ITIS
1717:IPNI
1691:GRIN
1678:GBIF
1629:EPPO
1480:ISBN
1443:ISBN
1428:2022
1402:2022
1376:2022
1350:2021
1324:2022
1299:2022
1274:2022
1248:2022
1223:2022
1198:2022
1173:2022
1148:2022
1123:2022
1098:2022
1073:2022
1048:2022
1020:ISBN
1004:ISBN
990:2020
721:Uses
564:var.
526:pine
44:and
1929:WFO
1880:RHS
1769:NBN
1655:FNA
1616:EoL
1603:CoL
792:in
740:of
623:f.
609:f.
595:f.
530:oak
485:to
459:pod
336:of
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