199:. The 'forged' papers were provided by the Germans. On 2 July 1944 Frager attended a rendezvous with Bleicher (again posing as the anti-Nazi colonel), and was arrested. The meeting had been arranged by Bardet. Having obtained his liberty and sensing that Germany would lose the war, Bardet eventually rejoined the resistance movement.
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quarreled, the final fracture between the two coming on
January 2, 1943. SOE agent Peter Churchill had earlier arrived in southern France to evaluate the usefulness of the Carte network. He was impressed by the people he met but the disagreement between Girard and Frager made it necessary for SOE to
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circuit built on the remnants of Carte. Bardet, having been persuaded to betray Frager, was allowed to 'escape' German control. Frager was taken in by the escape story. He also fell for Bardet's offer to provide new forged identity papers for the
British SOE agents working with him, and allowed
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Carte was doomed by its quixotic nature and the list of supporters the
Germans had in their possession. German suppression of Carte began in March 1943 with a complicated plot. André Marsac, from whom the Carte list had been stolen by the Abwehr, was arrested near the Champs Élysées by
59:, claimed to have "plans in hand for preparing first sabotage teams, then larger guerilla groups, and finally a private army some 300,000 strong" to liberate France. Girard's army existed mainly on paper and in the minds of a community of artists, musicians, and students living on the
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to rise up against the German occupiers of France. For SOE headquarters in London it seemed "that they had found what they were looking for; a ready-made secret army which only needed arms and orders before it was ready to co-operate in throwing the
Germans out of France."
119:, leader of the French section of SOE, proposed an expansion of SOE to deal with Carte and approved a contribution of supplies and equipment. The potential of Carte was a "dominating influence" over the work of SOE's French section in 1942, work that would come to naught.
91:, an architect, to be his second in command and the pair set about recruiting intellectuals, soldiers, and others to become members of the network. Girard envisioned the recruitment of an army from anti-Nazi officers and men serving in the
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choose between them. Churchill, having chosen Frager as preferable, took him to London in March 1943 to be briefed by SOE on his future role. After his arrival in France in March 1943, SOE agent
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The danger to Carte and SOE in southern France increased when
Germany occupied Vichy France in November 1942. Carte, however, fragmented prior to a German crackdown. Girard and his assistant
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apartment a list of more than 200 supporters or potential supporters of Carte. The list included their names, addresses, and other information. In
November 1942, an assistant of Girard named
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subsequently made a much more realistic appraisal of Carte. "What I found," said
Cammaerts, "was musical comedy stuff: no concept of security whatsoever and wildly over-ambitious."
179:. Bleicher, posing as an anti-Nazi colonel, told Marsac that he wished to defect, and the pair concocted an elaborate scheme involving the co-operation of Marsac's assistant
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said that Girard "combined an ingenious administrative talent with a total ignorance of security." The ignorance of security was soon demonstrated. Girard drew up in his
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67:, (SOE) that his plan merited British help. Carte was eventually suppressed by the Germans and many of its members ended up in concentration camps or were executed.
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The Abwehr's acquisition of Girard's list in
November 1942 would have further implications for other SOE agents not directly involved with Carte. Carte had given
150:(German military intelligence) stole the briefcase which contained the list. The Germans did not immediately take action against Carte and the people on the list.
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in April 1943 which was the beginning of the destruction of the
Prosper network and the execution of Suttill, Borrel and other members of the Prosper network.
183:, who was persuaded by letter to visit Marsac in prison. The outcome of Bleicher's deception was the arrest on 16 April 1943 of Churchill and his courier,
187:. A bonus was provided by Marsac, who supplied Bleicher with the addresses of some twenty clandestine networks in Bordeaux, Strasbourg and Marseille.
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was sent to
Antibes in January 1942 to assess Girard's claims and the viability of Carte. Based on the reports by Basin and Churchill, in July 1942
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in 1941. Girard took the code name Carte which also became the name of his resistance network. In April 1941, he persuaded
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who used them to pass on letters and held meetings in their Paris apartment. The sisters were arrested by the
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photographs of the agents to be supplied to Bardet for that purpose. One of the agents was
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356:, by Rita Kramer, first published in 1995 by Michael Joseph Ltd, London.
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Henri Frager had returned to France to assume leadership of the new SOE
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in Paris. The sisters were known to several members of Suttill's
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246:. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office. pp. 204–205.
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made a first contact with Girard in late fall 1941 and agent
111:, second in command of SOE's F section, landed in
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39:was an early and illusory attempt at organizing
146:. While Marsac slept on the train, an agent of
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377:French Resistance networks and movements
75:The Carte network was the brainchild of
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304:Gloucestershire: Amberly Press, p. 105
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341:Oxford: Clarendon Press, pp. 275-276
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134:was carrying the list by train from
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65:Special Operations Executive
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300:O'Connor, Bernard (2018),
258:. First published in 1966.
339:In Search of the Maquis,
210:to contact two sisters,
142:to give it to SOE agent
55:. The creator of Carte,
337:Kedward, H. R.(1993),
79:, an artist living in
242:Foot, M.R.D. (1976).
43:to the occupation of
93:army of Vichy France
354:Flames in the Field
328:, pp. 209–210.
282:, pp. 204–206.
117:Maurice Buckmaster
37:Carte organization
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291:Foot, p.204
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230:References
197:Vera Leigh
99:SOE agent
326:Foot 1976
314:Foot 1976
280:Foot 1976
268:Foot 1976
212:Geraldine
192:Donkeyman
136:Marseille
371:Category
166:Downfall
224:Gestapo
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