46:
517:, deep in western Africa (on the highly implausible assumption that an early river ironclad, without masts and long-range sails, could somehow traverse the often violent Atlantic all the way to Africa without a renewable fuel source for its hungry steam boilers and engines). The adventurers manage to reactivate the ironclad's heavy ordinance to fight-off an African warlord and his troops. They succeed in killing him, even though the ironclad's iron plating is heavily bullet-riddled and no match for modern armor-piercing ordnance.
383:
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467:". It was stated that she measured 217 feet in length, 48.6 feet abeam, and was designed to draw 13 feet of water and 13.6 feet when fully loaded. She was a twin-engined vessel, each driving a separate propeller, powered by two 22'(L)×8.4'(W)×9.1'(H) boilers, heated by a 7'(L)×3.6'(W) furnace, with a grate surface area of 96.8 sq. ft. Recorded is also an appraisal of an inspecting Union officer, who deemed
24:
374:
was roughly octagonal, rather than being a sloped, rectangular, armored box, as on earlier
Confederate ironclads and including her class sisters; during construction, it was shortened and reshaped due to critical war materials shortages, accounting for the substantially reduced number of crew needed,
529:
is powered by riverboat steam engines that enable her to make a highly unlikely 14 knots. She is armed with four heavy cannon, two
Blakely 100-pounders and two 9-inch 68-pounders, which to a certain extent corresponds with what little is known of the historical ship in her final configuration. The
512:
before disappearing into history. It is carrying what remains of the
Confederate treasury's gold bullion, the riches the salvagers are pursuing. The ironclad and its contents (including the mortal remains of its crew that later succumbed to a tropical disease) are discovered a century later.
319:
designer). In his official report of April 12, 1865, Porter mentioned that he was informed that the engines and parts of her armor were not yet installed, residing undamaged but completed in the warehouses of the
Richmond naval yard. He subsequently ordered all of it transported to the
311:) which escaped destruction by retreating Confederate forces, because attempts to set her ablaze proved unsuccessful. Captured when Richmond fell the following day, both ironclad and gunboat were appropriated "for use in the Navy", as per Union Admiral
521:
and its historic contents are remanded into the custody of the
Smithsonian Institution, but not before the adventurers have successfully removed the Confederate bullion to another African location, under the watchful, guarding eyes of others...
451:
differed from each other in their final details due to a lack of available materials, notably the iron plate for her armor; her cannons and engines were also different. During construction, design improvements were also incorporated into
500:. In both, a team of treasure hunters search for what was considered by the late 20th century a mythical Civil War-era Confederate ironclad transporting an equally mythical cargo of gold bullion (one more take on the myth of lost "
537:
were constructed for the film: a scale shooting model and full-sized exterior and interior sets. Their outer appearances did not correspond with what is known about the historical ironclad; instead,
304:'s evacuation of Richmond on 3 April 1865, she was left unfinished but still intact at the Richmond Navy Yard. She was one of only two vessels (the other being the small iron-hulled gunboat
354:
was known to have sailed under her own power. She was eventually laid up at the
Norfolk yard until 15 October 1867, when she was sold at auction for scrapping to J. N. Leonard & Co. of
1242:
868:
508:, close to completion and under the command of Captain Mason Tombs, made it out of Richmond just before the fall of the city. The ironclad battles through the Union blockade of the
379:. The casemate fitted snugly around her eight gun ports, six of which were to be used with two pivot cannons, each one firing from three forward and three aft gun port positions.
350:
was not commissioned into the Union Navy. She saw no active service, except for a trial run on 22 June 1865 with her engines apparently installed, the one and only time
269:
was launched but incapacitated while being completed, never seeing operational duty in the Civil War, despite later being captured, repaired, and appraised by the
1200:
659:
628:
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as "(...) one of the best and most valuable hulls built by the Rebels". It was only in this summary that the June 22 trial run was mentioned.
725:
706:
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fame) and Porter's original casemate ironclad (co-)design, which he based on his two 150 ft. and 180 ft. standard designs. The
428:(9.3 km/h; 5.8 mph), according to some sources, and her crew numbered about 133 sailors. However, it is unclear how closely
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504:"). In the film's fictionalized version of historical events (and unlike its historical counterpart), CSS
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321:
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s armor was three layers of 2-inch (51 mm) iron plate, and instead of being bolted to her deck, the
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was reputed to have been one of the very best-constructed
Confederate ironclads, second only to
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324:, along with the ironclad. This task was begun on 3 May 1865 and completed the following day.
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would have resembled her sister had she been completed, if at all, considering the shortages
954:
501:
443:
a (projected) top speed of about 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). These note that both
285:
196:
699:
Engines of
Rebellion: Confederate Ironclads and Steam Engineering in the American Civil War
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in mid-January 1865, almost at exactly the same time as her unfinished sister ironclad
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889:– concerns the only known historical and contemporary representation of CSS
1109:
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Official
Records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion
629:
Official
Records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion
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Official Records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion
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207:, she saw no action before being captured by Union forces while still
513:
Everything is buried in an old, forgotten, dried up tributary of the
328:
was towed downstream by three tugboats, accompanied by Union monitor
880:
381:
342:
As the war was winding down, and unlike her captured sister ship
846:. Columbia, South Carolina: University of South Carolina Press.
927:
463:
captors, were later included as a statistical summary in the "
459:
Particulars on her dimensions and propulsion, recorded by her
402:, two 7.0-inch (178 mm) Brooke rifles, and a bolted-on
739:. Vol. 2. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press.
261:
was completed and commissioned, proving her mettle in the
257:, all three slated to be sister ships. Of the three, only
203:. Not begun until 1864 and intended to become part of the
564:
were built with larger and differently-shaped casemates.
386:
Cannon and pivot carriage mounting plan intended for CSS
339:
R. Chandler, who was in charge of the overall operation.
541:
is represented on screen as an amalgam of the original
28:
One of the few surviving plan drawings of ironclad CSS
417:
formed a seamless extension of her sloped side-armor.
238:
belonged to an 1863/64 class of three ironclads, with
1210:
805:. The U.S. Navy Warship Series. New York: Routledge.
913:"The 189ft PP Ironclad Gunboats of John Luke Porter"
844:
Iron Afloat: The Story of the Confederate Armorclads
701:. Tuscaloosa, Alabama: University of Alabama Press.
456:
from lessons learned in combat with the Union Navy.
394:
Details of her armament are sketchy, but her sister
165:
two rifled pivot canons, two rifled broadside canons
530:film features the ship with more than four guns.
358:, having originally cost $ 218,068 to construct.
1243:Ironclad warships of the Confederate States Navy
556:-class was a variant of the latter and both CSS
756:Warships and Naval Battles of the US Civil War
632:, Series I, Vol. 12, pp. 98, 101 and 115, 1901
300:was crippled beyond salvation. At the time of
234:, the Confederacy's chief naval designer, CSS
939:
777:. South Brunswick, New York: Thomas Yoseloff.
758:. Limpsfield, UK: Dragon's World Publishing.
720:. Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Publishing.
8:
1201:List of ships of the Confederate States Navy
885:East Carolina University Digital Collections
737:The Old Steam Navy: The Ironclads, 1842–1885
640:
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591:
589:
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579:
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32:: a cross-section through the boiler area.
901:"The Evolution of the Ironclad CSS Texas"
786:. Wellingborough, UK: Osprey Publishing.
436:had to contend with during construction.
1217:
573:
16:Ironclad of the Confederate States Navy
822:Directory of the World's Capital Ships
683:Gibbons, 1989, pp. 22-23, 34-35, 44-45
623:
621:
619:
398:, carried four 6.4-inch (163 mm)
375:when compared to her class sister CSS
18:
654:
652:
650:
42:
7:
718:The Confederate Steam Navy 1861-1865
873:Naval History and Heritage Command
492:(2005), based on the best-selling
14:
663:, Series II, Vol. 1, p. 269, 1921
1253:Ships built in Norfolk, Virginia
1220:
673:Price & Lee Directory (1899)
44:
22:
1248:Texas in the American Civil War
483:is featured prominently in the
824:. New York: Hippocrene Books.
1:
820:Silverstone, Paul H. (1984).
801:Silverstone, Paul H. (2006).
246:(also referred to as the CSS
784:Confederate Ironclad 1861-65
869:"NH 76388 CSS Texas (1865)"
191:according to some sources)
1279:
803:Civil War Navies 1855–1883
735:Canney, Donald L. (1993).
716:Canney, Donald L. (2015).
133:48.5 ft (14.8 m)
1197:
965:
775:The Confederate Ironclads
697:Bisbee, Saxon T. (2018).
613:Gibbons, 1989, pp. 34, 52
141:13.5 ft (4.1 m)
125:217 ft (66.1 m)
100:
37:
21:
773:Melton, Maurice (1968).
525:In Cussler's novel, CSS
424:s top speed was about 5
959:Confederate States Navy
782:Konstam, Angus (2001).
550:Battle of Hampton Roads
177:was the third and last
101:General characteristics
754:Gibbons, Tony (1989).
494:novel of the same name
391:
356:New Haven, Connecticut
322:Norfolk Naval Shipyard
881:"Sketch of CSS Texas"
840:Still, William N. Jr.
385:
96:Sold, 15 October 1867
644:Konstam, 2001, p. 16
604:Melton, 1968, p. 249
595:Gibbons, 1989, p. 23
337:Lieutenant Commander
315:(not related to the
263:Battle of Mobile Bay
205:James River Squadron
583:Konstam, 2001, p. 8
533:Two recreations of
439:Other sources gave
406:fitted to her bow.
286:Rocketts Naval Yard
157:50 officers and men
1227:American Civil War
392:
290:Richmond, Virginia
201:American Civil War
51:Confederate States
1208:
1207:
1097:North Carolina II
955:Ironclad warships
727:978-0-7643-4824-2
708:978-0-81731-986-1
276:The keel for CSS
193:casemate ironclad
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116:casemate ironclad
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230:Designed by
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88:4 April 1865
80:January 1865
60:
29:
1181:Virginia II
1146:Tennessee I
515:Niger River
510:James River
415:pilot house
219:Mississippi
209:fitting out
199:during the
1258:1865 ships
1237:Categories
1188:Wilmington
1167:Tuscaloosa
1041:Huntsville
1006:Charleston
568:References
292:. She was
271:Union Navy
154:Complement
146:Propulsion
1139:Stonewall
1083:Nashville
1048:Louisiana
971:Albemarle
842:(1985) .
558:Tennessee
543:CSS
344:Tennessee
330:USS
306:CSS
282:laid down
259:Tennessee
252:CSS
242:Tennessee
240:CSS
217:CSS
187:Tennessee
1174:Virginia
1132:Savannah
1125:Richmond
1076:Muscogee
1069:Missouri
1055:Manassas
1020:Columbia
985:Arkansas
896:exterior
562:Columbia
560:and CSS
554:Columbia
548:(of the
545:Virginia
368:casemate
332:Sangamon
308:Beaufort
298:Columbia
294:launched
267:Columbia
254:Columbia
180:Columbia
162:Armament
111:Columbia
85:Captured
77:Launched
67:Namesake
1118:Raleigh
1111:Phoenix
1034:Georgia
1013:Chicora
992:Atlanta
957:of the
691:Sources
226:History
38:History
1213:Portal
999:Baltic
978:Arctic
850:
828:
809:
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743:
724:
705:
489:Sahara
362:Design
250:) and
211:. CSS
189:-class
182:-class
122:Length
113:-class
1160:Texas
1090:Neuse
894:'
891:Texas
539:Texas
535:Texas
527:Texas
519:Texas
506:Texas
481:Texas
469:Texas
461:Union
454:Texas
449:Texas
441:Texas
434:Texas
430:Texas
426:knots
422:'
411:'
388:Texas
372:Texas
352:Texas
348:Texas
326:Texas
317:Texas
278:Texas
236:Texas
213:Texas
174:Texas
149:steam
138:Draft
61:Texas
30:Texas
848:ISBN
826:ISBN
807:ISBN
788:ISBN
760:ISBN
741:ISBN
722:ISBN
703:ISBN
479:CSS
447:and
366:The
280:was
184:(or
172:CSS
130:Beam
93:Fate
57:Name
496:by
370:of
284:at
1239::
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903:.
883:.
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649:^
637:^
618:^
588:^
576:^
346:,
273:.
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