500:
528:
53:
208:
461:
31:
565:
2846:
2856:
2866:
767:, the other two coveted bow woods among Pacific Natives, this wood has excellent flexibility and compression strength-weight ratio. When backed with sinew, it produces extremely flexible, fast, hard-hitting bows, which are rivaled only by horn-sinew composite bows for their ability to store and release elastic energy. The archer Saxton Pope observed that
553:. It is a medium-sized tree, growing to 25–30 m tall, and is rare in the wild, occurring only as scattered trees in mixed forests. The leaves are glaucous green on the upper side of the shoots, and conspicuously marked with bright white stomatal patches on the underside. The cones are 1.5–2 cm long, carried on a 1–1.5 cm stem.
517:
It is a large tree, typically reaching heights of 40–60 m and a trunk diameter of up to 3 m (maxima, 69 m tall and 3.9 m diameter), and with a broad conic crown of spreading branches. The leaves are bright green on both sides of the shoots, and the cones 2–2.5 cm long. It is by far the most
1127:
Averyanov, H.T. Nguyen & L.K. Phan. Issues of Basic
Research in Life Sciences with direction in upland agriculture and forestry. Proceedings, the 2004th National Conference on Life Sciences Thai Nguyen University, September 23, 2004 41–43,
960:
Stull, Gregory W.; Qu, Xiao-Jian; Parins-Fukuchi, Caroline; Yang, Ying-Ying; Yang, Jun-Bo; Yang, Zhi-Yun; Hu, Yi; Ma, Hong; Soltis, Pamela S.; Soltis, Douglas E.; Li, De-Zhu; Smith, Stephen A.; Yi, Ting-Shuang; et al. (2021).
646:
borders indicates that the species may occur in those countries as well. It is an evergreen, monoecious tree up to 25 m tall with a broadly rounded crown. The epithet "rupestris" means "rock-dwelling".
2902:
1019:
2739:
6493:
845:. Its very narrow columnar crown in landscape settings, an unexplained consequence of the climatic conditions in these areas, is not shown by trees in their native 'wild'
6323:
6362:
2895:
2729:
6513:
1143:
878:
795:, because it is soft and tends to sharpen easily without forming splinters. The two Asian species were (at least in the past) in very high demand for
6271:
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2714:
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6349:
2929:
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2444:
1462:
212:
5933:
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1114:
1083:
52:
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1921:
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4777:
4737:
4660:
4651:
4159:
2749:
1887:
1214:
1110:
1079:
946:
759:
Incense cedar was one of the favored varieties of wood used to make bows by Native
Americans in California. Like
499:
6019:
5981:
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5003:
4973:
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4747:
4477:
4139:
2940:
4820:
6429:
1164:"How Ishi made his bow and his method of shooting, from: Hunting with the Bow and Arrow by Saxton Pope, 1923"
712:
638:) terrain, a habitat that has a very high level of endemism. The close proximity of these populations to the
518:
widely known species in the genus, and is often simply called "incense cedar" without the regional qualifier.
6508:
6488:
6258:
4983:
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1907:
1877:
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1578:
963:"Gene duplications and phylogenomic conflict underlie major pulses of phenotypic evolution in gymnosperms"
527:
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2023:
1703:
1683:
1623:
1207:
974:
624:
534:
506:
411:
391:
337:
288:
having just 2–3 pairs of moderately thin, erect scales, rather than 4–6 pairs of very thin scales in
799:
manufacture in China, due to the scent of the wood and its decay resistance. It is likely that past
6478:
6123:
5873:
5850:
5696:
5666:
5636:
5616:
5496:
5437:
5407:
5337:
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4840:
4810:
4500:
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4265:
4215:
2479:
2474:
2008:
1993:
1973:
1968:
1844:
1726:
898:
811:
179:
157:
6403:
6450:
6113:
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5820:
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5556:
5447:
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5189:
5179:
5126:
4910:
4880:
4870:
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4305:
4275:
2935:
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2047:
1983:
1608:
1563:
1335:
1295:
1000:
838:
685:
187:
47:
1176:
Munz, P. A. 1974. Flora of
Southern California 1–1086. University of California Press, Berkeley.
6385:
6328:
6196:
5526:
5387:
5357:
5297:
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4335:
4295:
4205:
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2668:
2519:
2499:
2086:
1829:
1553:
1395:
992:
914:
800:
207:
6390:
276:
in the scale leaves being in apparent whorls of four (actually opposite decussate pairs like
5840:
5810:
5397:
5347:
5317:
5249:
5169:
4064:
3751:
2912:
2489:
2464:
2439:
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1310:
1023:
984:
842:
764:
6187:
1138:
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564:
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30:
5948:
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2370:
2144:
1864:
1834:
1794:
1708:
1410:
1048:
830:
723:
787:
is soft, moderately decay-resistant, and with a strong spicy-resinous fragrance. That of
5972:
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3987:
3862:
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2800:
2790:
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1988:
1978:
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962:
251:
140:
1027:
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3720:
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3556:
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3514:
3489:
3440:
3374:
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2514:
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2459:
2424:
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2310:
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2217:
2202:
2139:
2111:
2055:
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1713:
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1430:
1405:
1390:
1350:
1315:
815:
285:
243:
165:
130:
6201:
727:
6354:
6297:
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6047:
5924:
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3959:
3945:
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3814:
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3614:
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2509:
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2360:
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2242:
2207:
2149:
2096:
2028:
1769:
1485:
1435:
1230:
120:
988:
284:, instead with the successive pairs closely then distantly spaced), and in the
4405:
4073:
4022:
3952:
3869:
3760:
3577:
3563:
3433:
3302:
3288:
3144:
3095:
3041:
2978:
2969:
2916:
2693:
2648:
2429:
2375:
2325:
2315:
2267:
2257:
2212:
2154:
2119:
2059:
1814:
1804:
1799:
1663:
1618:
1380:
1345:
979:
90:
6172:
6232:
5864:
5140:
4801:
4196:
3994:
3973:
3924:
3904:
3549:
3406:
3205:
3130:
3061:
3032:
3023:
2628:
2598:
2593:
2484:
2419:
2262:
2247:
2222:
2033:
2013:
1958:
1948:
1882:
1854:
1789:
1425:
1360:
1305:
1300:
1290:
1194:
807:
689:
594:
247:
6442:
1189:
996:
918:
586:, differing most obviously in the shorter cone stem, only 0.5 cm long.
6437:
6211:
6166:
6094:
6010:
5117:
4382:
3883:
3828:
3740:
3625:
3528:
3392:
3258:
3176:
2608:
2588:
2578:
2232:
2197:
1933:
1809:
1736:
1678:
1643:
1638:
1535:
1454:
1365:
1330:
1325:
941:
693:
610:
6276:
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3876:
3666:
3399:
3341:
3249:
3167:
3116:
2785:
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2643:
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2547:
2401:
2380:
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2227:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2159:
2129:
2124:
1998:
1902:
1839:
1784:
1673:
1628:
1583:
1505:
1495:
1480:
1375:
1355:
850:
846:
760:
731:
730:(Holy Kluk Hill) in the volcanic complex of the Ceske stredohori Mts.,
614:
602:
236:
110:
100:
6302:
3570:
3475:
3274:
3214:
3000:
2775:
2504:
2252:
2003:
1953:
1849:
1819:
1759:
1633:
1558:
1520:
1473:
1340:
1258:
796:
792:
719:
634:, first described in 2004. It occurs exclusively on rocky limestone (
598:
556:
6143:
6411:
6237:
5801:
3931:
3687:
3355:
3348:
3334:
3309:
3295:
3137:
3077:
3050:
2653:
2562:
2557:
2542:
1963:
1754:
1747:
1718:
1698:
1668:
1653:
1613:
1598:
1588:
1573:
1568:
1548:
1525:
1500:
1420:
639:
635:
590:
459:
264:
232:
206:
64:
6315:
833:, grown particularly in locations with cool summer climates like
2552:
2081:
2018:
1943:
1824:
1779:
1774:
1510:
1254:
780:
768:
643:
606:
246:
first described as a genus in 1873. Three species are native to
239:
6147:
4026:
2884:
1203:
6224:
2678:
2169:
1938:
1764:
1658:
1490:
1199:
582:, is rare in the wild. The leaves and cones are similar to
1097:
Fu, Liguo; Yu, Yong-fu; Adams, Robert P.; Farjon, Aljos.
1062:
Fu, Liguo; Yu, Yong-fu; Adams, Robert P.; Farjon, Aljos.
578:
It is also a medium-size tree to 25–30 m tall, and like
849:. The California incense cedar is also valued for its
2740:
International
Federation of Building and Wood Workers
853:
tolerance. The Asian species are rarely cultivated.
708:
674:
545:, and some botanists treat it as a variety of that,
6156:
6093:
6069:
6046:
6036:
6009:
5999:
5971:
5947:
5923:
5913:
5886:
5863:
5800:
5777:
5754:
5733:
5262:
5148:
5139:
5116:
4933:
4800:
4727:
4673:
4650:
4640:
4603:
4593:
4536:
4513:
4490:
4467:
4404:
4381:
4358:
4195:
4172:
4129:
4119:
4072:
4062:
3914:
3838:
3804:
3770:
3750:
3730:
3710:
3701:
3651:
3633:
3624:
3604:
3595:
3499:
3425:
3416:
3382:
3373:
3319:
3266:
3257:
3248:
3224:
3204:
3184:
3175:
3166:
3087:
3069:
3060:
3040:
3031:
3022:
2986:
2977:
2968:
2814:
2763:
2707:
2621:
2571:
2528:
2400:
2393:
2281:
2168:
2110:
1920:
1863:
1534:
1453:
1444:
1268:
1237:
307:Cladogram showing the evolutionary relationships:
630:The most recently discovered living species of
4038:
2896:
1215:
829:, the California incense cedar, is a popular
8:
268:, and has similar overlapping scale-leaves.
6494:Flora of the Sierra Nevada (United States)
6144:
6043:
6006:
5920:
5145:
4647:
4600:
4126:
4069:
4045:
4031:
4023:
3707:
3630:
3601:
3422:
3379:
3263:
3254:
3181:
3172:
3066:
3037:
3028:
2992:
2983:
2974:
2965:
2903:
2889:
2881:
2397:
1926:
1450:
1222:
1208:
1200:
1144:World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
901:(1873). "On a few new plants from Yunan".
879:World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
29:
20:
978:
803:is responsible for their current rarity.
2730:Building and Wood Workers' International
1190:Arboretum de Villardebelle - cone photos
659:
480:
309:
4478:
1109:. Vol. 4 – via eFloras.org,
1078:. Vol. 4 – via eFloras.org,
1018:Stull, Gregory W.; et al. (2021).
862:
5982:
5104:
5094:
5084:
5074:
5064:
5054:
5044:
5034:
5024:
5014:
5004:
4994:
4984:
4974:
4964:
4954:
4944:
4524:
1044:
1033:
903:Journal of Botany, British and Foreign
771:used this wood to produce short bows.
6080:
5897:
4788:
4778:
4768:
4758:
4748:
4738:
4577:
4567:
4557:
4547:
4160:
4150:
4140:
7:
6417:BE0E87A3-897A-2652-8118-1234EE814BFD
6378:0b1cdad7-0c85-4148-b3c6-bcd1f6c550d1
4661:
4624:
4614:
4183:
2865:
1020:"main.dated.supermatrix.tree.T9.tre"
684:Described in 2012. It is known from
280:, but not evenly spaced apart as in
6057:
5934:
5788:
5765:
4501:
2855:
2715:American Association of Woodturners
868:
866:
791:is the primary material for wooden
383:
356:
329:
319:
5743:
4714:
4704:
4694:
4684:
4455:
4445:
4435:
4425:
4415:
4103:
4093:
4083:
700:is known from branches and leaves.
14:
6514:Taxa named by Wilhelm Sulpiz Kurz
5874:
5717:
5707:
5697:
5687:
5677:
5667:
5657:
5647:
5637:
5627:
5617:
5607:
5597:
5587:
5577:
5567:
5557:
5547:
5537:
5527:
5517:
5507:
5497:
5487:
5477:
5458:
5448:
5438:
5428:
5418:
5408:
5398:
5388:
5378:
5368:
5358:
5348:
5338:
5328:
5318:
5308:
5298:
5288:
5278:
5250:
5240:
5230:
5220:
5210:
5200:
5190:
5180:
5170:
5160:
4921:
4911:
4901:
4891:
4881:
4871:
4861:
4851:
4841:
4831:
4821:
4811:
4346:
4336:
4326:
4316:
4306:
4296:
4286:
4276:
4266:
4256:
4246:
4236:
4226:
4216:
4206:
2745:National Wood Carvers Association
510:, California incense cedar (syn.
6124:
6114:
6104:
6020:
5127:
4392:
2864:
2854:
2845:
2844:
2720:Architectural Woodwork Institute
806:Incense cedar was the preferred
563:
526:
498:
51:
6430:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11628-1
5958:
4369:
1028:10.6084/m9.figshare.14547354.v1
6499:Garden plants of North America
2725:British Woodworking Federation
1:
5851:
5841:
5831:
5821:
5811:
2735:Caricature Carvers of America
696:Formation of southern China.
213:Lassen Volcanic National Park
211:California incense cedar, in
1115:Harvard University Herbaria
1084:Harvard University Herbaria
6530:
1150:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
989:10.1038/s41477-021-00964-4
885:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
6484:Trees of Northern America
2995:
2964:
2924:
2840:
2750:Society of Wood Engravers
1929:
1111:Missouri Botanical Garden
1080:Missouri Botanical Garden
980:10.1101/2021.03.13.435279
947:Missouri Botanical Garden
810:of the Native Peoples of
408:
388:
381:
361:
354:
334:
327:
312:
304:means "beautiful cedar".
199:K.Koch 1873 non Link 1833
193:
186:
171:
164:
48:Scientific classification
46:
42:California incense cedar
37:
28:
23:
4418:. austrocaledonicus
601:), and also in northern
262:The genus is related to
6504:Drought-tolerant plants
5937:. glyptostroboides
736:Calocedrus suleticensis
713:Calocedrus suleticensis
698:Calocedrus huashanensis
679:Calocedrus huashanensis
575:, Chinese incense cedar
416:Aver., Nguyên & Lôc
227:(alternatively spelled
6023:. cryptomerioides
2827:Frameless construction
1908:Wood-plastic composite
1139:"Calocedrus rupestris"
1113:, St. Louis, MO &
1082:, St. Louis, MO &
1043:Cite journal requires
541:It is very similar to
538:, Taiwan incense cedar
521:western North America
468:
467:foliage and male cones
242:in the cypress family
215:
16:Genus of conifer trees
4824:. austrotibetica
4550:. cedarbergensis
1101:Calocedrus macrolepis
1066:Calocedrus macrolepis
738:is known from a cone.
572:Calocedrus macrolepis
463:
210:
174:Calocedrus macrolepis
5854:. sutchuenensis
5680:. saltillensis
5650:. occidentalis
5610:. horizontalis
5550:. coahuilensis
5381:. pseudosabina
5311:. foetidissima
5017:. guadalupensis
4289:. neocaledonica
2755:Timber Framers Guild
1609:Australian Blackwood
899:Kurz, Wilhelm Sulpiz
827:Calocedrus decurrens
625:Calocedrus rupestris
535:Calocedrus formosana
512:Libocedrus decurrens
507:Calocedrus decurrens
39:Calocedrus decurrens
5961:. sempervirens
5900:. vietnamensis
5824:. occidentalis
5660:. osteosperma
5580:. durangensis
5540:. californica
5510:. barbadensis
5480:. angosturana
5461:. wallichiana
5421:. semiglobosa
5223:. lutchuensis
5107:. stephensonii
4924:. vietnamensis
4894:. sempervirens
4664:. nootkatensis
4395:. cupressoides
4229:. columellaris
4096:. selaginoides
4086:. cupressoides
2475:Hammer-headed tenon
1994:Janka hardness test
1195:Gymnosperm Database
1166:. 11 February 2019.
812:Northern California
686:compression fossils
609:, extreme northern
250:and one to western
5710:. virginiana
5690:. scopulorum
5630:. monosperma
5520:. bermudiana
5371:. procumbens
5291:. convallium
5233:. macrocarpa
5163:. brevifolia
4904:. tonkinensis
4854:. duclouxiana
4834:. cashmeriana
4781:. taiwanensis
4741:. formosensis
4163:. pyramidalis
2911:Classification of
1336:Japanese carpentry
469:
313:Stull et al. 2021
216:
6466:
6465:
6386:Open Tree of Life
6150:Taxon identifiers
6141:
6140:
6137:
6136:
6127:. mucronatum
6032:
6031:
5995:
5994:
5909:
5908:
5844:. standishii
5814:. koraiensis
5791:. articulata
5768:. orientalis
5729:
5728:
5700:. standleyi
5670:. pinchotii
5640:. monticola
5620:. jaliscana
5500:. arizonica
5469:New World Species
5441:. thurifera
5411:. saltuaria
5341:. phoenicea
5331:. komarovii
5281:. chinensis
5271:Old World Species
5243:. oxycedrus
5213:. formosana
5087:. revealiana
5067:. nevadensis
5047:. macrocarpa
5037:. macnabiana
5027:. lusitanica
4947:. abramsiana
4864:. dupreziana
4751:. lawsoniana
4707:. macrolepis
4636:
4635:
4627:. lanceolata
4596:Cunninghamioideae
4589:
4588:
4438:. chevalieri
4319:. rhomboidea
4259:. macleayana
4249:. endlicheri
4239:. drummondii
4143:. acuminatus
4115:
4114:
4020:
4019:
4016:
4015:
4012:
4011:
4008:
4007:
4004:
4003:
3712:Cunninghamioideae
3697:
3696:
3591:
3590:
3587:
3586:
3369:
3368:
3365:
3364:
3244:
3243:
3162:
3161:
3158:
3157:
3154:
3153:
3018:
3017:
3014:
3013:
3010:
3009:
2878:
2877:
2832:Green woodworking
2689:Wood preservation
2617:
2616:
2520:Tongue and groove
2500:Mortise and tenon
2389:
2388:
2087:Warrington hammer
1916:
1915:
1604:African Blackwood
1396:Segmented turning
801:over-exploitation
747:
746:
653:
652:
613:and northeastern
458:
457:
453:
452:
444:
443:
435:
434:
426:
425:
417:
397:
370:
343:
300:The generic name
205:
204:
200:
160:
6521:
6459:
6458:
6446:
6445:
6433:
6432:
6420:
6419:
6407:
6406:
6394:
6393:
6381:
6380:
6371:
6370:
6358:
6357:
6355:NHMSYS0000456309
6345:
6344:
6332:
6331:
6319:
6318:
6306:
6305:
6293:
6292:
6280:
6279:
6267:
6266:
6254:
6253:
6241:
6240:
6228:
6227:
6215:
6214:
6205:
6204:
6192:
6191:
6190:
6177:
6176:
6175:
6145:
6126:
6117:. distichum
6116:
6107:. ascendens
6106:
6082:
6059:
6044:
6022:
6007:
5985:. giganteum
5984:
5960:
5936:
5921:
5899:
5877:. dolabrata
5876:
5853:
5843:
5833:
5823:
5813:
5790:
5767:
5746:. decussata
5745:
5719:
5709:
5699:
5689:
5679:
5669:
5659:
5649:
5639:
5629:
5619:
5609:
5600:. gamboana
5599:
5590:. flaccida
5589:
5579:
5570:. deppeana
5569:
5560:. comitana
5559:
5549:
5539:
5529:
5519:
5509:
5499:
5489:
5479:
5460:
5451:. tibetica
5450:
5440:
5431:. squamata
5430:
5420:
5410:
5400:
5390:
5380:
5370:
5360:
5350:
5340:
5330:
5320:
5310:
5300:
5290:
5280:
5252:
5242:
5232:
5222:
5212:
5202:
5192:
5182:
5172:
5162:
5146:
5130:. hodginsii
5129:
5106:
5097:. sargentii
5096:
5086:
5076:
5066:
5056:
5046:
5036:
5026:
5016:
5007:. goveniana
5006:
4996:
4986:
4977:. benthamii
4976:
4966:
4957:. arizonica
4956:
4946:
4923:
4913:
4903:
4893:
4883:
4873:
4863:
4853:
4844:. chengiana
4843:
4833:
4823:
4814:. atlantica
4813:
4790:
4780:
4770:
4760:
4750:
4740:
4717:. rupestris
4716:
4706:
4697:. formosana
4696:
4687:. decurrens
4686:
4663:
4648:
4626:
4616:
4601:
4579:
4570:. schwarzii
4569:
4560:. nodiflora
4559:
4549:
4526:
4503:
4480:
4458:. yateensis
4457:
4447:
4437:
4428:. bidwillii
4427:
4417:
4394:
4371:
4349:. verrucosa
4348:
4338:
4328:
4318:
4308:
4298:
4288:
4278:
4269:. monticola
4268:
4258:
4248:
4238:
4228:
4219:. canescens
4218:
4208:
4186:. chilensis
4185:
4162:
4153:. arenarius
4152:
4142:
4127:
4106:. laxifolia
4105:
4095:
4085:
4070:
4065:Athrotaxidoideae
4047:
4040:
4033:
4024:
3752:Athrotaxidoideae
3708:
3631:
3602:
3426:Phyllocladoideae
3423:
3380:
3264:
3255:
3182:
3173:
3067:
3038:
3029:
2993:
2984:
2975:
2966:
2951:Acrogymnospermae
2913:Acrogymnospermae
2905:
2898:
2891:
2882:
2868:
2867:
2858:
2857:
2848:
2847:
2398:
2067:Thickness planer
1927:
1721:(lime, basswood)
1451:
1311:Chainsaw carving
1224:
1217:
1210:
1201:
1177:
1174:
1168:
1167:
1160:
1154:
1153:
1135:
1129:
1125:
1119:
1118:
1117:, Cambridge, MA.
1094:
1088:
1087:
1086:, Cambridge, MA.
1059:
1053:
1052:
1046:
1041:
1039:
1031:
1015:
1009:
1008:
982:
973:(8): 1015–1025.
957:
951:
950:
929:
923:
922:
895:
889:
888:
870:
843:British Columbia
710:
676:
660:
567:
530:
502:
481:
415:
395:
384:
368:
357:
341:
330:
320:
310:
198:
156:
56:
55:
33:
21:
6529:
6528:
6524:
6523:
6522:
6520:
6519:
6518:
6469:
6468:
6467:
6462:
6454:
6449:
6441:
6436:
6428:
6423:
6415:
6410:
6402:
6397:
6389:
6384:
6376:
6374:
6366:
6361:
6353:
6348:
6340:
6335:
6327:
6322:
6314:
6309:
6301:
6296:
6288:
6283:
6275:
6270:
6262:
6257:
6249:
6244:
6236:
6231:
6223:
6218:
6210:
6208:
6200:
6195:
6186:
6185:
6180:
6171:
6170:
6165:
6152:
6142:
6133:
6130:
6089:
6086:
6083:. pensilis
6065:
6060:. japonica
6028:
5991:
5988:
5967:
5964:
5943:
5940:
5905:
5882:
5859:
5796:
5773:
5750:
5725:
5720:. zanonii
5530:. blancoi
5464:
5391:. recurva
5361:. procera
5301:. excelsa
5258:
5203:. drupacea
5193:. conferta
5183:. communis
5135:
5112:
4987:. forbesii
4929:
4914:. torulosa
4884:. gigantea
4874:. funebris
4796:
4791:. thyoides
4771:. pisifera
4723:
4720:
4669:
4632:
4617:. konishii
4585:
4532:
4527:. uviferum
4509:
4486:
4481:. pancheri
4469:Neocallitropsis
4463:
4400:
4377:
4354:
4309:. preissii
4279:. muelleri
4191:
4168:
4111:
4058:
4051:
4021:
4000:
3910:
3898:Neocallitropsis
3834:
3800:
3766:
3746:
3726:
3693:
3647:
3620:
3606:Sciadopityaceae
3583:
3495:
3412:
3361:
3315:
3240:
3226:Welwitschiaceae
3220:
3200:
3150:
3083:
3056:
3006:
2960:
2941:Marchantiophyta
2920:
2909:
2879:
2874:
2836:
2822:Frame and panel
2810:
2759:
2703:
2613:
2572:Surface piecing
2567:
2524:
2445:Crown of thorns
2385:
2371:Smoothing plane
2277:
2164:
2106:
2009:Milling machine
1912:
1873:Cross-laminated
1859:
1530:
1440:
1411:Spindle turning
1401:Shingle weaving
1371:Pallet crafting
1264:
1233:
1228:
1186:
1181:
1180:
1175:
1171:
1162:
1161:
1157:
1137:
1136:
1132:
1126:
1122:
1096:
1095:
1091:
1061:
1060:
1056:
1042:
1032:
1017:
1016:
1012:
959:
958:
954:
931:
930:
926:
897:
896:
892:
872:
871:
864:
859:
831:ornamental tree
824:
777:
757:
752:
724:Early Oligocene
703:southern China
658:
656:Extinct species
479:
474:
454:
445:
436:
427:
396:(Florin) Florin
342:(Torrey) Florin
298:
260:
182:
177:
155:
50:
41:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6527:
6525:
6517:
6516:
6511:
6509:Conifer genera
6506:
6501:
6496:
6491:
6489:Trees of China
6486:
6481:
6471:
6470:
6464:
6463:
6461:
6460:
6456:wfo-4000006133
6447:
6434:
6421:
6408:
6395:
6382:
6372:
6359:
6346:
6333:
6320:
6307:
6294:
6281:
6268:
6255:
6242:
6229:
6216:
6209:Conifers.org:
6206:
6193:
6178:
6162:
6160:
6154:
6153:
6148:
6139:
6138:
6135:
6134:
6132:
6131:
6120:
6110:
6099:
6097:
6091:
6090:
6088:
6087:
6075:
6073:
6067:
6066:
6064:
6063:
6052:
6050:
6041:
6034:
6033:
6030:
6029:
6027:
6026:
6015:
6013:
6004:
5997:
5996:
5993:
5992:
5990:
5989:
5977:
5975:
5973:Sequoiadendron
5969:
5968:
5966:
5965:
5953:
5951:
5945:
5944:
5942:
5941:
5929:
5927:
5918:
5911:
5910:
5907:
5906:
5904:
5903:
5892:
5890:
5884:
5883:
5881:
5880:
5869:
5867:
5861:
5860:
5858:
5857:
5847:
5837:
5834:. plicata
5827:
5817:
5806:
5804:
5798:
5797:
5795:
5794:
5783:
5781:
5775:
5774:
5772:
5771:
5760:
5758:
5752:
5751:
5749:
5739:
5737:
5731:
5730:
5727:
5726:
5724:
5723:
5713:
5703:
5693:
5683:
5673:
5663:
5653:
5643:
5633:
5623:
5613:
5603:
5593:
5583:
5573:
5563:
5553:
5543:
5533:
5523:
5513:
5503:
5493:
5483:
5466:
5465:
5454:
5444:
5434:
5424:
5414:
5404:
5401:. sabina
5394:
5384:
5374:
5364:
5354:
5351:. pingii
5344:
5334:
5324:
5321:. indica
5314:
5304:
5294:
5284:
5269:
5267:
5260:
5259:
5257:
5256:
5246:
5236:
5226:
5216:
5206:
5196:
5186:
5176:
5173:. cedrus
5166:
5155:
5153:
5143:
5137:
5136:
5134:
5133:
5122:
5120:
5114:
5113:
5111:
5110:
5100:
5090:
5080:
5077:. pygmaea
5070:
5060:
5057:. montana
5050:
5040:
5030:
5020:
5010:
5000:
4990:
4980:
4970:
4960:
4950:
4939:
4937:
4935:Hesperocyparis
4931:
4930:
4928:
4927:
4917:
4907:
4897:
4887:
4877:
4867:
4857:
4847:
4837:
4827:
4817:
4806:
4804:
4798:
4797:
4795:
4794:
4784:
4774:
4764:
4754:
4744:
4733:
4731:
4725:
4724:
4722:
4721:
4710:
4700:
4690:
4679:
4677:
4671:
4670:
4668:
4667:
4656:
4654:
4645:
4638:
4637:
4634:
4633:
4631:
4630:
4620:
4609:
4607:
4598:
4591:
4590:
4587:
4586:
4584:
4583:
4573:
4563:
4553:
4542:
4540:
4534:
4533:
4531:
4530:
4519:
4517:
4515:Pilgerodendron
4511:
4510:
4508:
4507:
4504:. papuana
4496:
4494:
4488:
4487:
4485:
4484:
4473:
4471:
4465:
4464:
4462:
4461:
4451:
4448:. plumosa
4441:
4431:
4421:
4410:
4408:
4402:
4401:
4399:
4398:
4387:
4385:
4379:
4378:
4376:
4375:
4372:. archeri
4364:
4362:
4356:
4355:
4353:
4352:
4342:
4339:. sulcata
4332:
4322:
4312:
4302:
4299:. oblonga
4292:
4282:
4272:
4262:
4252:
4242:
4232:
4222:
4212:
4209:. baileyi
4201:
4199:
4193:
4192:
4190:
4189:
4178:
4176:
4170:
4169:
4167:
4166:
4156:
4146:
4135:
4133:
4124:
4117:
4116:
4113:
4112:
4110:
4109:
4099:
4089:
4078:
4076:
4067:
4060:
4059:
4052:
4050:
4049:
4042:
4035:
4027:
4018:
4017:
4014:
4013:
4010:
4009:
4006:
4005:
4002:
4001:
3999:
3998:
3991:
3988:Hesperocyparis
3984:
3977:
3970:
3963:
3956:
3949:
3942:
3935:
3928:
3920:
3918:
3912:
3911:
3909:
3908:
3901:
3894:
3887:
3880:
3873:
3866:
3863:Pilgerodendron
3859:
3852:
3844:
3842:
3836:
3835:
3833:
3832:
3825:
3818:
3810:
3808:
3802:
3801:
3799:
3798:
3791:
3788:Sequoiadendron
3784:
3776:
3774:
3768:
3767:
3765:
3764:
3756:
3754:
3748:
3747:
3745:
3744:
3736:
3734:
3728:
3727:
3725:
3724:
3716:
3714:
3705:
3699:
3698:
3695:
3694:
3692:
3691:
3684:
3677:
3670:
3663:
3655:
3653:
3649:
3648:
3646:
3645:
3637:
3635:
3628:
3622:
3621:
3619:
3618:
3610:
3608:
3599:
3593:
3592:
3589:
3588:
3585:
3584:
3582:
3581:
3574:
3567:
3560:
3553:
3546:
3539:
3532:
3525:
3518:
3511:
3503:
3501:
3500:Podocarpoideae
3497:
3496:
3494:
3493:
3486:
3479:
3472:
3465:
3458:
3451:
3444:
3437:
3429:
3427:
3420:
3414:
3413:
3411:
3410:
3403:
3396:
3388:
3386:
3377:
3371:
3370:
3367:
3366:
3363:
3362:
3360:
3359:
3352:
3345:
3338:
3331:
3323:
3321:
3317:
3316:
3314:
3313:
3306:
3299:
3292:
3285:
3278:
3270:
3268:
3261:
3252:
3246:
3245:
3242:
3241:
3239:
3238:
3230:
3228:
3222:
3221:
3219:
3218:
3210:
3208:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3198:
3190:
3188:
3179:
3170:
3164:
3163:
3160:
3159:
3156:
3155:
3152:
3151:
3149:
3148:
3141:
3134:
3127:
3120:
3113:
3106:
3099:
3091:
3089:
3085:
3084:
3082:
3081:
3073:
3071:
3064:
3058:
3057:
3055:
3054:
3046:
3044:
3035:
3026:
3020:
3019:
3016:
3015:
3012:
3011:
3008:
3007:
3005:
3004:
2996:
2990:
2981:
2972:
2962:
2961:
2959:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2946:Polypodiophyta
2943:
2938:
2933:
2925:
2922:
2921:
2910:
2908:
2907:
2900:
2893:
2885:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2872:
2862:
2852:
2841:
2838:
2837:
2835:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2818:
2816:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2808:
2803:
2801:Quarter sawing
2798:
2793:
2791:Wood splitting
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2767:
2765:
2761:
2760:
2758:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2711:
2709:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2701:
2699:Wood finishing
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2659:Paint stripper
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2625:
2623:
2619:
2618:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2575:
2573:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2534:
2532:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
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2417:
2412:
2406:
2404:
2395:
2391:
2390:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2366:Shoulder plane
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2341:Moulding plane
2338:
2333:
2331:Japanese plane
2328:
2323:
2321:Grooving plane
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2287:
2285:
2279:
2278:
2276:
2275:
2270:
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2260:
2255:
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2205:
2200:
2195:
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2174:
2172:
2166:
2165:
2163:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2135:Flooring clamp
2132:
2127:
2122:
2116:
2114:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2092:Winding sticks
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2072:Timber-framing
2069:
2064:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
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1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1930:
1924:
1918:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1898:Particle board
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1878:Glue laminated
1875:
1869:
1867:
1861:
1860:
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1857:
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1459:
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1448:
1442:
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1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1416:Timber framing
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1386:Relief carving
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
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1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
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1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1286:Bush carpentry
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1185:
1184:External links
1182:
1179:
1178:
1169:
1155:
1130:
1120:
1107:Flora of China
1089:
1076:Flora of China
1054:
1045:|journal=
1010:
952:
924:
890:
861:
860:
858:
855:
823:
820:
816:lighting fires
776:
773:
756:
753:
751:
748:
745:
744:
742:Czech Republic
739:
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682:
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477:Extant species
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35:
34:
26:
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24:Incense-cedar
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6526:
6515:
6512:
6510:
6507:
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6119:
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6108:
6101:
6100:
6098:
6096:
6092:
6085:
6084:
6077:
6076:
6074:
6072:
6071:Glyptostrobus
6068:
6062:
6061:
6054:
6053:
6051:
6049:
6045:
6042:
6040:
6035:
6025:
6024:
6017:
6016:
6014:
6012:
6008:
6005:
6003:
6002:Taiwanioideae
5998:
5987:
5986:
5979:
5978:
5976:
5974:
5970:
5963:
5962:
5955:
5954:
5952:
5950:
5946:
5939:
5938:
5931:
5930:
5928:
5926:
5922:
5919:
5917:
5912:
5902:
5901:
5894:
5893:
5891:
5889:
5888:Xanthocyparis
5885:
5879:
5878:
5871:
5870:
5868:
5866:
5862:
5856:
5855:
5848:
5846:
5845:
5838:
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5828:
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5815:
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5792:
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5776:
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5490:. ashei
5484:
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5470:
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5285:
5283:
5282:
5275:
5274:
5272:
5268:
5266:
5261:
5255:
5254:
5253:. rigida
5247:
5245:
5244:
5237:
5235:
5234:
5227:
5225:
5224:
5217:
5215:
5214:
5207:
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5119:
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5021:
5019:
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5011:
5009:
5008:
5001:
4999:
4998:
4997:. glabra
4991:
4989:
4988:
4981:
4979:
4978:
4971:
4969:
4968:
4967:. bakeri
4961:
4959:
4958:
4951:
4949:
4948:
4941:
4940:
4938:
4936:
4932:
4926:
4925:
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4908:
4906:
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4799:
4793:
4792:
4785:
4783:
4782:
4775:
4773:
4772:
4765:
4763:
4762:
4761:. obtusa
4755:
4753:
4752:
4745:
4743:
4742:
4735:
4734:
4732:
4730:
4729:Chamaecyparis
4726:
4719:
4718:
4711:
4709:
4708:
4701:
4699:
4698:
4691:
4689:
4688:
4681:
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4678:
4676:
4672:
4666:
4665:
4658:
4657:
4655:
4653:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4643:Cupressoideae
4639:
4629:
4628:
4621:
4619:
4618:
4611:
4610:
4608:
4606:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4592:
4582:
4581:
4580:. whytei
4574:
4572:
4571:
4564:
4562:
4561:
4554:
4552:
4551:
4544:
4543:
4541:
4539:
4538:Widdringtonia
4535:
4529:
4528:
4521:
4520:
4518:
4516:
4512:
4506:
4505:
4498:
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4303:
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4300:
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4280:
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4164:
4157:
4155:
4154:
4147:
4145:
4144:
4137:
4136:
4134:
4132:
4131:Actinostrobus
4128:
4125:
4123:
4122:Callitroideae
4118:
4108:
4107:
4100:
4098:
4097:
4090:
4088:
4087:
4080:
4079:
4077:
4075:
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4068:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4048:
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4036:
4034:
4029:
4028:
4025:
3997:
3996:
3992:
3990:
3989:
3985:
3983:
3982:
3981:Xanthocyparis
3978:
3976:
3975:
3971:
3969:
3968:
3964:
3962:
3961:
3957:
3955:
3954:
3950:
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3941:
3940:
3939:Chamaecyparis
3936:
3934:
3933:
3929:
3927:
3926:
3922:
3921:
3919:
3917:
3916:Cupressoideae
3913:
3907:
3906:
3902:
3900:
3899:
3895:
3893:
3892:
3891:Widdringtonia
3888:
3886:
3885:
3881:
3879:
3878:
3874:
3872:
3871:
3867:
3865:
3864:
3860:
3858:
3857:
3853:
3851:
3850:
3846:
3845:
3843:
3841:
3840:Callitroideae
3837:
3831:
3830:
3826:
3824:
3823:
3822:Glyptostrobus
3819:
3817:
3816:
3812:
3811:
3809:
3807:
3803:
3797:
3796:
3792:
3790:
3789:
3785:
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3782:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3773:
3769:
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3758:
3757:
3755:
3753:
3749:
3743:
3742:
3738:
3737:
3735:
3733:
3732:Taiwanioideae
3729:
3723:
3722:
3718:
3717:
3715:
3713:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3700:
3690:
3689:
3685:
3683:
3682:
3678:
3676:
3675:
3671:
3669:
3668:
3664:
3662:
3661:
3657:
3656:
3654:
3650:
3644:
3643:
3639:
3638:
3636:
3634:Cephalotaxeae
3632:
3629:
3627:
3623:
3617:
3616:
3612:
3611:
3609:
3607:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3594:
3580:
3579:
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3573:
3572:
3568:
3566:
3565:
3561:
3559:
3558:
3554:
3552:
3551:
3547:
3545:
3544:
3543:Falcatifolium
3540:
3538:
3537:
3533:
3531:
3530:
3526:
3524:
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3519:
3517:
3516:
3512:
3510:
3509:
3505:
3504:
3502:
3498:
3492:
3491:
3487:
3485:
3484:
3483:Lepidothamnus
3480:
3478:
3477:
3473:
3471:
3470:
3469:Lagarostrobos
3466:
3464:
3463:
3459:
3457:
3456:
3452:
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3449:
3445:
3443:
3442:
3438:
3436:
3435:
3431:
3430:
3428:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3418:Podocarpaceae
3415:
3409:
3408:
3404:
3402:
3401:
3397:
3395:
3394:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3385:
3384:Araucariaceae
3381:
3378:
3376:
3372:
3358:
3357:
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3351:
3350:
3346:
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3329:
3325:
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3307:
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3256:
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3209:
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3197:
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3135:
3133:
3132:
3128:
3126:
3125:
3121:
3119:
3118:
3114:
3112:
3111:
3110:Encephalartos
3107:
3105:
3104:
3100:
3098:
3097:
3093:
3092:
3090:
3086:
3080:
3079:
3075:
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3065:
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3034:
3030:
3027:
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3021:
3003:
3002:
2998:
2997:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2985:
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2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2819:
2817:
2813:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2771:Chainsaw mill
2769:
2768:
2766:
2762:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
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2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2712:
2710:
2708:Organizations
2706:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2664:Steam bending
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2634:French polish
2632:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2620:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
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2580:
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2570:
2564:
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2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
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2536:
2535:
2533:
2531:
2527:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2505:Rabbet/Rebate
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2490:Mason's mitre
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
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2443:
2441:
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2433:
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2418:
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2408:
2407:
2405:
2403:
2399:
2396:
2392:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2336:Jointer plane
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2306:Compass plane
2304:
2302:
2301:Chamfer plane
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2291:Bedrock plane
2289:
2288:
2286:
2284:
2280:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2175:
2173:
2171:
2167:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2109:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2077:Veneer hammer
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2062:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1989:Impact driver
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1931:
1928:
1925:
1923:
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1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
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1886:
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1879:
1876:
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1866:
1862:
1856:
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1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1805:Red Quebracho
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
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1763:
1761:
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1700:
1697:
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1672:
1670:
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1632:
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1605:
1602:
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1597:
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1590:
1587:
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1577:
1575:
1572:
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1567:
1565:
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1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
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1537:
1533:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1470:
1469:
1464:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1456:
1452:
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1443:
1437:
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1429:
1427:
1424:
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1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
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1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
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1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1281:Bow and arrow
1279:
1277:
1276:Boat building
1274:
1273:
1271:
1267:
1260:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1242:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1225:
1220:
1218:
1213:
1211:
1206:
1205:
1202:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1183:
1173:
1170:
1165:
1159:
1156:
1151:
1147:
1145:
1140:
1134:
1131:
1124:
1121:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1102:
1093:
1090:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1071:
1067:
1058:
1055:
1050:
1037:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1014:
1011:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
981:
976:
972:
968:
967:Nature Plants
964:
956:
953:
948:
944:
943:
938:
936:
928:
925:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
894:
891:
886:
882:
880:
875:
869:
867:
863:
856:
854:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
821:
819:
818:by friction.
817:
813:
809:
804:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
774:
772:
770:
766:
762:
754:
749:
743:
740:
737:
733:
729:
725:
722:found in the
721:
717:
715:
714:
707:
706:
702:
699:
695:
691:
688:found in the
687:
683:
681:
680:
673:
672:
669:Distribution
668:
665:
662:
661:
655:
648:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
627:
626:
622:
620:
619:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
585:
581:
577:
574:
573:
569:
566:
562:
561:
558:
555:
552:
548:
547:C. macrolepis
544:
543:C. macrolepis
540:
537:
536:
532:
529:
525:
524:
520:
516:
513:
509:
508:
504:
501:
497:
496:
493:Distribution
492:
489:
486:
483:
482:
476:
471:
466:
462:
449:
448:
440:
439:
431:
430:
422:
421:
418:
414:
413:
406:
405:
402:
401:
398:
394:
393:
386:
385:
379:
378:
375:
374:
371:
367:
366:
365:C. macrolepis
359:
358:
352:
351:
348:
347:
344:
340:
339:
332:
331:
325:
322:
321:
317:
316:
311:
308:
305:
303:
295:
293:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
272:differs from
271:
267:
266:
257:
255:
253:
252:North America
249:
245:
241:
238:
234:
230:
229:incense-cedar
226:
225:incense cedar
222:
221:
214:
209:
201:
197:
192:
189:
185:
181:
176:
175:
170:
167:
163:
159:
154:
153:
149:
146:
145:
142:
141:Cupressoideae
139:
136:
135:
132:
129:
126:
125:
122:
119:
116:
115:
112:
109:
106:
105:
102:
99:
96:
95:
92:
89:
86:
83:
82:
79:
78:Tracheophytes
76:
73:
70:
69:
66:
63:
60:
59:
54:
49:
45:
40:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
6157:
6122:
6112:
6102:
6078:
6055:
6039:Taxodioideae
6018:
5980:
5956:
5932:
5916:Sequoioideae
5895:
5872:
5849:
5839:
5829:
5819:
5809:
5786:
5763:
5741:
5715:
5705:
5695:
5685:
5675:
5665:
5655:
5645:
5635:
5625:
5615:
5605:
5595:
5585:
5575:
5565:
5555:
5545:
5535:
5525:
5515:
5505:
5495:
5485:
5475:
5468:
5467:
5456:
5446:
5436:
5426:
5416:
5406:
5396:
5386:
5376:
5366:
5356:
5346:
5336:
5326:
5316:
5306:
5296:
5286:
5276:
5270:
5264:
5248:
5238:
5228:
5218:
5208:
5198:
5188:
5178:
5168:
5158:
5150:
5125:
5102:
5092:
5082:
5072:
5062:
5052:
5042:
5032:
5022:
5012:
5002:
4992:
4982:
4972:
4962:
4952:
4942:
4919:
4909:
4899:
4889:
4879:
4869:
4859:
4849:
4839:
4829:
4819:
4809:
4786:
4776:
4766:
4756:
4746:
4736:
4712:
4702:
4692:
4682:
4674:
4659:
4652:Callitropsis
4622:
4612:
4605:Cunninghamia
4575:
4565:
4555:
4545:
4522:
4499:
4476:
4453:
4443:
4433:
4423:
4413:
4390:
4367:
4344:
4334:
4324:
4314:
4304:
4294:
4284:
4274:
4264:
4254:
4244:
4234:
4224:
4214:
4204:
4181:
4174:Austrocedrus
4158:
4148:
4138:
4101:
4091:
4081:
4055:Cupressaceae
3993:
3986:
3979:
3972:
3966:
3965:
3958:
3951:
3944:
3937:
3930:
3923:
3903:
3896:
3889:
3882:
3875:
3868:
3861:
3856:Austrocedrus
3854:
3847:
3827:
3820:
3813:
3806:Taxodioideae
3793:
3786:
3779:
3772:Sequoioideae
3759:
3739:
3721:Cunninghamia
3719:
3703:Cupressaceae
3686:
3679:
3672:
3665:
3658:
3642:Cephalotaxus
3640:
3613:
3576:
3569:
3562:
3557:Retrophyllum
3555:
3548:
3541:
3534:
3527:
3522:Pherosphaera
3520:
3515:Microcachrys
3513:
3506:
3490:Phyllocladus
3488:
3481:
3474:
3467:
3460:
3453:
3446:
3441:Pectinopitys
3439:
3432:
3405:
3398:
3391:
3375:Araucariales
3354:
3347:
3340:
3333:
3326:
3308:
3301:
3294:
3287:
3280:
3273:
3233:
3213:
3193:
3143:
3136:
3129:
3122:
3115:
3108:
3101:
3094:
3076:
3049:
2999:
2956:Angiospermae
2639:Heat bending
2584:Edge banding
2356:Router plane
2351:Rebate plane
2311:Finger plane
2042:
1746:
1740:
1720:
1714:Lignum vitae
1472:
1467:
1466:
1431:Wood carving
1406:Shipbuilding
1391:Root carving
1351:Log building
1316:Chip carving
1172:
1158:
1142:
1133:
1123:
1106:
1100:
1092:
1075:
1069:
1065:
1057:
1036:cite journal
1022:. Figshare.
1013:
970:
966:
955:
940:
934:
927:
906:
902:
893:
877:
874:"Calocedrus"
826:
825:
808:hearth board
805:
789:C. decurrens
788:
784:
778:
758:
735:
711:
697:
677:
631:
623:
584:C. formosana
583:
580:C. formosana
579:
570:
550:
546:
542:
533:
511:
505:
465:C. decurrens
464:
412:C. rupestris
410:
409:
392:C. formosana
390:
389:
363:
362:
338:C. decurrens
336:
335:
323:
306:
301:
299:
289:
281:
277:
273:
269:
263:
261:
248:eastern Asia
244:Cupressaceae
228:
224:
219:
218:
217:
195:
194:
172:
166:Type species
151:
150:
131:Cupressaceae
91:Gymnospermae
84:
71:
38:
18:
6298:iNaturalist
6182:Wikispecies
6048:Cryptomeria
5925:Metasequoia
5779:Tetraclinis
5756:Platycladus
4492:Papuacedrus
4329:. roei
3960:Platycladus
3946:Tetraclinis
3849:Papuacedrus
3815:Cryptomeria
3781:Metasequoia
3681:Pseudotaxus
3674:Austrotaxus
3660:Amentotaxus
3615:Sciadopitys
3597:Cupressales
3536:Dacrycarpus
3508:Saxegothaea
3462:Parasitaxus
3455:Prumnopitys
3448:Sundacarpus
3328:Pseudotsuga
3282:Pseudolarix
3267:Abietoideae
3235:Welwitschia
3186:Ephedraceae
3124:Ceratozamia
3103:Lepidozamia
2988:Ginkgoaceae
2928:Supergroup
2917:Gymnosperms
2860:WikiProject
2806:Rift sawing
2796:Flat sawing
2684:Wood drying
2361:Scrub plane
2346:Razee plane
2296:Block plane
2150:Mitre clamp
2097:Wood scribe
2048:Combination
1790:Purpleheart
1486:Douglas fir
1436:Woodturning
1269:Occupations
1231:Woodworking
937: Kurz"
822:Cultivation
765:Pacific yew
718:known from
666:Description
605:, northern
490:Description
258:Description
137:Subfamily:
121:Cupressales
6479:Calocedrus
6473:Categories
6212:Calocedrus
6188:Calocedrus
6158:Calocedrus
6037:Subfamily
6000:Subfamily
5914:Subfamily
5735:Microbiota
4675:Calocedrus
4641:Subfamily
4594:Subfamily
4406:Libocedrus
4120:Subfamily
4074:Athrotaxis
4063:Subfamily
3967:Calocedrus
3953:Microbiota
3870:Libocedrus
3761:Athrotaxis
3578:Podocarpus
3564:Afrocarpus
3434:Halocarpus
3303:Keteleeria
3289:Nothotsuga
3145:Microcycas
3096:Macrozamia
3088:Zamioideae
3042:Cycadaceae
2979:Ginkgoales
2970:Ginkgoidae
2815:Techniques
2764:Conversion
2694:Wood stain
2622:Treatments
2410:Birdsmouth
2376:Spokeshave
2326:Jack plane
2316:Fore plane
2155:Pipe clamp
2120:Band clamp
2044:Carpenters
1865:Engineered
1815:Rubberwood
1664:Eucalyptus
1468:Calocedrus
1381:Pyrography
1346:Kohlrosing
935:Calocedrus
857:References
839:Washington
785:Calocedrus
632:Calocedrus
589:southwest
324:Calocedrus
302:Calocedrus
270:Calocedrus
237:coniferous
220:Calocedrus
152:Calocedrus
97:Division:
5865:Thujopsis
5151:Juniperus
5141:Juniperus
4802:Cupressus
4197:Callitris
3995:Juniperus
3974:Cupressus
3925:Thujopsis
3905:Callitris
3652:Taxoideae
3550:Dacrydium
3407:Araucaria
3320:Pinoideae
3206:Gnetaceae
3131:Stangeria
3070:Diooideae
3062:Zamiaceae
3033:Cycadales
3024:Cycadidae
2936:Bryophyta
2604:Parquetry
2599:Oystering
2594:Marquetry
2435:Butterfly
2102:Workbench
2034:Sandpaper
2014:Mitre box
1959:Drawknife
1949:Burnisher
1934:Abrasives
1883:Hardboard
1544:Afromosia
1426:Whittling
1376:Parquetry
1361:Marquetry
1306:Certosina
1301:Carpentry
1291:Cabinetry
1238:Overviews
1070:formosana
1005:232282918
728:Probostov
690:Oligocene
595:Guangdong
551:formosana
111:Pinopsida
101:Pinophyta
61:Kingdom:
6443:40035335
6438:Tropicos
6167:Wikidata
6095:Taxodium
6011:Taiwania
5263:Section
5149:Section
5118:Fokienia
4383:Fitzroya
3884:Fitzroya
3829:Taxodium
3741:Taiwania
3626:Taxaceae
3529:Acmopyle
3393:Wollemia
3259:Pinaceae
3177:Gnetales
2915:(living
2850:Category
2629:Adhesive
2609:Purfling
2589:Intarsia
2530:Profiles
2455:Dovetail
2394:Geometry
2233:Hand saw
2218:Crosscut
2203:Circular
2198:Chainsaw
2145:Holdfast
1810:Rosewood
1742:American
1737:Mahogany
1709:Jelutong
1679:Hornbeam
1644:Cocobolo
1639:Chestnut
1554:Andiroba
1366:Millwork
1331:Intarsia
1326:Fretwork
1321:Ébéniste
1250:Glossary
997:34282286
942:Tropicos
694:Ningming
649:Vietnam
611:Thailand
597:west to
296:Taxonomy
231:), is a
196:Heyderia
188:Synonyms
127:Family:
6391:1080788
6329:1322658
6316:11628-1
6277:2683935
6173:Q765246
5949:Sequoia
4360:Diselma
4057:species
4053:Extant
3877:Diselma
3795:Sequoia
3667:Torreya
3400:Agathis
3342:Cathaya
3250:Pinales
3195:Ephedra
3168:Pinidae
3117:Bowenia
2870:Commons
2786:Whipsaw
2781:Sawmill
2674:Varnish
2669:Thermal
2644:Lacquer
2579:Binding
2548:Chamfer
2415:Biscuit
2381:Surform
2273:Whipsaw
2243:Keyhole
2228:Fretsaw
2208:Compass
2193:Bucksaw
2183:Bandsaw
2178:Backsaw
2160:Sawbuck
2130:F-clamp
2125:C-clamp
1999:Jointer
1903:Plywood
1855:Zebrano
1795:Ovankol
1760:Meranti
1748:African
1719:Linden
1674:Hickory
1629:Cedrela
1624:Camphor
1619:Bubinga
1614:Boxwood
1594:Bilinga
1579:Avodire
1496:Juniper
1481:Cypress
1356:Luthier
1245:History
975:bioRxiv
919:1642195
851:drought
847:habitat
835:Britain
793:pencils
761:juniper
755:Archery
732:Bohemia
720:fossils
644:Laotian
640:Chinese
615:Myanmar
603:Vietnam
472:Species
147:Genus:
117:Order:
107:Class:
65:Plantae
6404:CALOC2
6399:PLANTS
6375:NZOR:
6342:500173
6264:105165
6251:105165
5265:Sabina
3571:Nageia
3476:Manoao
3275:Cedrus
3215:Gnetum
3001:Ginkgo
2776:Hewing
2515:Splice
2470:Halved
2465:Groove
2460:Finger
2440:Coping
2425:Bridle
2402:Joints
2283:Planes
2268:Veneer
2258:Scroll
2253:Ripsaw
2238:Jigsaw
2213:Coping
2112:Clamps
2039:Square
2029:Shaper
2024:Router
2004:Mallet
1979:Gimlet
1954:Chisel
1850:Willow
1840:Walnut
1830:Totara
1820:Sapele
1785:Poplar
1770:Padauk
1732:Merbau
1704:Jarrah
1689:Imbuia
1684:Idigbo
1649:Cumaru
1634:Cherry
1559:Anigre
1521:Spruce
1474:Cedrus
1341:Khatam
1296:Caning
1259:lumber
1146:(WCSP)
1003:
995:
977:
917:
881:(WCSP)
797:coffin
775:Lumber
763:, and
599:Yunnan
593:(from
557:Taiwan
223:, the
6412:Plazi
6368:13386
6324:IRMNG
6303:53727
6238:1CCDG
6225:96834
5802:Thuja
3932:Thuja
3688:Taxus
3356:Pinus
3349:Picea
3335:Larix
3310:Abies
3296:Tsuga
3138:Zamia
3078:Dioon
3051:Cycas
2930:Plant
2654:Paint
2563:Ovolo
2558:Ogive
2543:Bevel
2510:Scarf
2495:Miter
2263:Table
2248:Miter
2223:Frame
2140:Gripe
2056:Speed
2052:Miter
1984:Gauge
1974:Float
1969:Fence
1964:Drill
1922:Tools
1845:Wenge
1835:Utile
1800:Ramin
1755:Maple
1727:Lovoa
1699:Iroko
1669:Hazel
1654:Ebony
1599:Birch
1589:Beech
1584:Balsa
1574:Aspen
1569:Apple
1549:Alder
1506:Kauri
1501:Larch
1463:Cedar
1446:Woods
1421:Treen
1068:var.
1001:S2CID
636:karst
591:China
549:var.
484:Image
290:Thuja
286:cones
282:Thuja
278:Thuja
274:Thuja
265:Thuja
240:trees
233:genus
85:Clade
72:Clade
6425:POWO
6363:NCBI
6337:ITIS
6311:IPNI
6290:1908
6285:GRIN
6272:GBIF
6233:EPPO
6202:3FS7
2553:Ogee
2538:Bead
2480:Knee
2450:Dado
2430:Butt
2170:Saws
2082:Vise
2019:Rasp
1944:Adze
1825:Teak
1780:Plum
1775:Pear
1536:Hard
1516:Rimu
1511:Pine
1455:Soft
1255:Wood
1049:help
993:PMID
915:OCLC
841:and
814:for
781:wood
779:The
769:Ishi
750:Uses
692:age
663:Name
642:and
607:Laos
487:Name
369:Kurz
180:Kurz
158:Kurz
6451:WFO
6350:NBN
6259:FoC
6246:FNA
6220:EoL
6197:CoL
2679:Wax
2649:Oil
2485:Lap
2420:Box
2188:Bow
2060:Try
1939:Axe
1893:OSB
1888:MDF
1765:Oak
1694:Ipê
1659:Elm
1564:Ash
1526:Yew
1491:Fir
1024:doi
985:doi
911:196
783:of
726:of
235:of
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2058:,
2054:,
2050:,
2046:,
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1471:,
1148:.
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1105:.
1074:.
1040::
1038:}}
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945:.
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907:11
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292:.
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87::
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6125:T
6115:T
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5766:P
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