Knowledge (XXG)

Mac OS X Server

Source 📝

7432: 5392: 3700: 5383: 874: 729: 894:(as well as Lion itself). The combined cost of an upgrade to Lion and the purchase of the OS X Server add-on, which costs approximately US$ 50, was nonetheless significantly lower than the retail cost of Snow Leopard Server (US$ 499). Lion Server came with unlimited client licenses as did Snow Leopard Server. Lion Server includes new versions of 384: 460:-based interface. It included a runtime layer called Blue Box for running legacy Mac OS-based applications within a separate window. There was discussion of implementing a 'transparent blue box' which would intermix Mac OS applications with those written for Rhapsody's Yellow Box environment, but this would not happen until 1162:
On April 21, 2022, Apple announced that they have discontinued macOS Server and that the most popular features (Caching Server, File Sharing Server, and Time Machine Server) are already bundled with every copy of macOS High Sierra and later, so customers will still have access to them. Existing macOS
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Podcast Producer 2 with dual-source video support. Also includes a new Podcast Composer application to automate the production process, making it simple to create podcasts with a customized, consistent look and feel. Podcast Composer creates a workflow to add titles, transitions and effects, save to
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Mobile Access Server enables iPhone and Mac users to access secured network services, including corporate websites, online business applications, email, calendars and contacts. Without requiring additional software, Mobile Access Server acts as a reverse proxy server and provides SSL encryption and
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Like Lion, Mountain Lion had no separate server edition. An OS X Server package was available for Mountain Lion from the Mac App Store for US$ 19.99, which included a server management application called Server, as well as other additional administrative tools to manage client profiles and
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Mac OS X Server 10.1 (released September 25, 2001) featured improved performance, increased system stability, and decreased file transfer times compared to Mac OS X Server 10.0. Support was added for RAID 0 and RAID 1 storage configurations, and Mac OS 9.2.1 in NetBoot.
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in February 2011, Apple indicated that beginning with Lion, Mac OS X Server would be bundled with the operating system and would not be marketed as a separate product. However, a few months later, the company said it would instead sell the server components as a
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Server 5.7 (released September 28, 2018) stopped bundling open source services such as Calendar Server, Contacts Server, the Mail Server, DNS, DHCP, VPN Server, and Websites. Included services are now limited to Profile Manager, Open Directory and Xsan.
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Leopard Server (released October 26, 2007) sold for $ 999 for an unlimited-client license. Mac OS X Server version 10.5.x ‘Leopard’ was the last major version of Mac OS X Server to support
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engine that supports push email so users receive immediate access to new messages. However, Apple's implementation of push email is not supported for Apple's iPhone.
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operating system. On appropriate systems with 4 GB of RAM or more, Snow Leopard Server uses a 64-bit kernel to address up to a theoretical 16 TB of RAM.
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architecture. The new Workgroup Manager interface improved configuration significantly. Many common network services are provided such as NTP, SNMP, web server (
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One of Mac OS X Server's main administrative tools was the Server Administrator app, which allowed users to configure server services, and turn them on or off.
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and Oracle’s subsequent attempts to tighten MySQL’s licensing restrictions and to exert influence on MySQL’s previously open and independent development model.
3737: 361:. The Server app lacked many features from Mac OS X Server, and later versions of the app only included functionality related to user and group management, 930:. Mountain Lion Server, like Lion Server, was provided with unlimited client licenses, and once purchased could be run on an unlimited number of systems. 712:
release of Mac OS X Server, version 10.4.7, supporting both PowerPC and Intel processors. At the same time Apple announced the release of the Intel-based
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Mac OS X Server 1.0 was released in March 1999, predating the release of the consumer version of Mac OS X by two years. Mac OS X Server 1.0 was based on
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for network authentication. It ships with support for wireless access stations however can be modified into a fully functioning FreeRADIUS server.
2416: 2036: 906:. More significantly, Lion Server can be used for iOS mobile device management. Starting with Apple Mac OS X Server Version 10.7 “Lion,” 5395: 4705: 3458: 1270: 606: 534: 323: 1996: 1013:, and is updated independently of OS X. This Server tool is used to configure, maintain and monitor one or more macOS Server installations. 369:
through profiles. The Server app was discontinued on April 21, 2022, and Apple said that later versions of macOS would drop support for it.
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provides a central location for users to store and access personal contacts across multiple Macs and synchronized iPhones. Based on the
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framework. Most of these services were discontinued and removed in version 5.7.1 of the Server app, released on September 30, 2018.
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architecture. The new Workgroup Manager interface improved configuration significantly. The release also saw major updates to
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support, a new web calendaring application, push notifications and the ability to send email invitations to non-iCal users.
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The Server app does not support versions of macOS newer than Monterey, marking the end of Mac OS X Server product line.
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Mac OS X Snow Leopard Server (released August 28, 2009) sold for $ 499 and included unlimited client licenses.
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and supports server federation, which allows chat clients to talk directly with other systems that support
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English, Japanese, French, German, Simplified Chinese, Dutch, Italian, Korean, Spanish, Traditional Chinese
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and uses open industry standards and protocols. Mac OS X Server was provided as the operating system for
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Server 5.8 (released March 25, 2019) added new restrictions, payloads, and commands to Profile Manager.
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Apple's Address Book Server, iCal Server, Wiki Server, and Web Server are mostly written in the
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Apple Announces Mac OS X Server “Jaguar”, World’s Easiest-to-Manage UNIX-Based Server Software
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Address Book Server is a contacts server, and the first commercial server to have implemented
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and released on September 30, 2018, removed the Wiki Server functionality from Server.app.
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to non-Apple computer platforms. It is currently possible to install it on
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iCal Server is the first commercial calendar server to have implemented the
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Wiki Server was a set of services which have shipped with all versions of
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Mac OS X Server 10.3 (released October 24, 2003) release includes updated
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Server customers can still download and use the app with macOS Monterey.
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looked like a mixture of Mac OS 8's Platinum appearance with OPENSTEP's
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authentication between the user's iPhone or Mac and a private network.
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as the database provided with Mac OS X Server, coinciding with
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Mac OS X Server 10.2 (released August 23, 2002) includes updated
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indicate discontinued products, services, or defunct companies.
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Windows NT Domain Services (removed in Lion Server, previously
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user and file management, which with this release is based on
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user and file management, which with this release is based on
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Mac OS X Server 10.0 (released May 21, 2001) included the new
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Mac OS X Snow Leopard Server running Server Admin on Desktop
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standard, built on top of WebDAV. iCal Server was added in
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RAID Admin was a utility for administering and controlling
1829:"Apple - macOS Server - Read the technical specifications" 1771:"Mac OS X Version 10.6 on Intel-based Macintosh computers" 2195:"Server, simplified: A power user's guide to OS X Server" 2037:"Apple - Mac OS X Server Snow Leopard - 64-bit Computing" 472:
were included with Mac OS X Server 1.0. It could not use
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client software. Version 2 of the software is based on
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Apple Announces New Mac OS X Server "Leopard" Features
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devices. The last release is Mac OS X Server 1.2v3.
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It also supports server-based chat archiving. 837:and the ability to view wiki content on iPhone. 2220:"Apple Unveils New Xserve RAID Storage System" 1823: 1821: 1065:, and was also released under the open-source 890:49.99 add-on to Lion, distributed through the 708:On August 10, 2006, Apple announced the first 5420: 4706: 3731: 2593: 2410: 2389:Apple Introduces Mac OS X Server Snow Leopard 2111:"OS X Lion Server - Technical Specifications" 330:, as well as server applications including a 8: 848:a desired format and share to wikis, blogs, 685:), Gateway Setup Assistant, and servers for 42: 426:computer meeting its minimum requirements. 410:designed by Apple. Also, it was optionally 7231: 6968: 6959: 6430: 6051: 5769: 5500: 5491: 5427: 5413: 5405: 5382: 4807: 4713: 4699: 4691: 4560: 4523: 4441: 4337: 4213: 4199: 4060: 4049: 3855: 3830: 3766: 3738: 3724: 3716: 3311: 3122: 3005: 2813: 2652: 2600: 2586: 2578: 2417: 2403: 2395: 41: 2371:Apple Announces Mac OS X Server “Panther” 2065:(Press release). Apple. February 24, 2011 1200:: Apple SMBX in Lion Server — previously 2222:(Press release). Apple. January 6, 2004. 1954:"Apple Previews Mac OS X Server "Tiger"" 637:version 3 allows tight integration with 581:version 3 allows tight integration with 2377:Apple Announces Mac OS X Server “Tiger” 1762: 1150:Server 5.7.1, the version aligned with 877:The Server app running on OS X Yosemite 657:The 10.4 release (April 29, 2005) adds 422:and was sold separately for use on any 881:In releasing the developer preview of 732:Screenshot of OS X Leopard 10.5 Server 2238:Dilger, Daniel Eran (November 2009). 2233: 2231: 2229: 1855:"Mac OS X Server Snow Leopard - UNIX" 1234:Directory services and authentication 1139:. Mac OS X Server includes web-based 1025:programming language, relying on the 633:, and print server. The inclusion of 577:, and print server. The inclusion of 7: 4354:Derived from Mac OS X: iPhone OS 3.2 2087:(Press release). Apple. June 6, 2011 1804:"About macOS Server 5.7.1 and later" 1555:Profile Manager (new in Lion Server) 2193:Andrew Cunningham (July 29, 2012). 1678:case sensitive and case insensitive 790:Mac OS X Server 10.6 (Snow Leopard) 4067:Derived from Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger: 2174:from the original on June 19, 2012 25: 164:5.12 / December 8, 2021 7431: 7430: 5391: 5390: 5381: 3699: 3698: 2353:Apple Introduces Mac OS X Server 2296:Inside Apple's Leopard Server OS 2131:Pearce, Rohan (March 28, 2013). 1654:(dropped in OS X 10.7 and later) 1080:background service. It has been 971:Server Preferences (application) 760:Server. Leopard Server includes 508:support, Macintosh Manager, and 48: 4650:Mac OS X Server version history 3339:Apple Push Notification service 391:Mac OS X Server is based on an 1984:In depth with Lion OS X Server 1282:BSD configuration files (/etc) 1005:Beginning with the release of 724:Mac OS X Server 10.5 (Leopard) 597:Mac OS X Server 10.3 (Panther) 480:Mac OS X Server 10.0 (Cheetah) 430:Mac OS X Server 1.0 (Rhapsody) 357:), which was sold through the 121:Discontinued on April 21, 2022 1: 5058:AIX for Apple Network Servers 3922:Mac OS X Public Beta (Kodiak) 967:Other bundled tools include: 525:Mac OS X Server 10.2 (Jaguar) 6621:Shazam Entertainment Limited 653:Mac OS X Server 10.4 (Tiger) 18:Calendar and Contacts Server 3584:System Integrity Protection 1986:– Anandtech, August 2, 2011 1831:. Apple Inc. Archived from 1069:as Darwin Calendar Server. 949:Prior to OS X Mountain Lion 516:Mac OS X Server 10.1 (Puma) 7488: 7467:Software version histories 2470:QuickTime Streaming Server 1883:. Apple Inc. July 25, 2012 1637:High-availability features 1520:6 (removed in Lion Server) 1518:QuickTime Streaming Server 1045:protocol. It was added in 649:v4.3.7 are also included. 593:v4.3.7 are also included. 433: 376: 274: (archived 2020-11-09) 29: 7420: 6886:Non-recruiting agreements 5872: 5442: 5379: 4640: 4240: 4216: 4087: 4063: 3917: 3870:Mac OS X Server 1.0 (Hera 3695:denote upcoming products. 3688: 3314: 3125: 2615: 1552:Portable home directories 1523:QuickTime Broadcaster 1.5 779:Web application framework 47: 27:Server software for macOS 7472:Mobile device management 6925:Depictions of Steve Jobs 4681:denote upcoming products 4396:Derived from iOS 13-18: 3909:10.6 Snow Leopard Server 2167:. Apple Inc. June 2012. 2018:David (August 7, 2006), 1398:Web server (2.2 and 1.3) 1265:Backup Domain Controller 1167:Technical specifications 1088:and several flavours of 1001:After OS X Mountain Lion 367:mobile device management 30:Not to be confused with 4915:Mac OS X 10.0 (Cheetah) 4675:audioOS version history 4670:watchOS version history 4620:Non-Apple distributions 4453:Derived from iOS 8–18: 4220:Derived from Mac OS X: 4129:Derived from iOS 9–18: 3967:OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion 3589:Uniform Type Identifier 3286:Remote Install Mac OS X 3150:Bluetooth File Exchange 2474:Darwin Streaming Server 1857:. Apple. Archived from 1177:File and print services 448:from NeXT Computer and 6896:FBI encryption dispute 4665:iPadOS version history 4535:Derived from watchOS: 4091:Derived from iOS 4–8: 3474:Grand Central Dispatch 2348:Official feedback page 2007:on September 18, 2009. 1646:File system journaling 1450:Collaboration services 1041:, which relies on the 878: 781:used by sites such as 733: 388: 146:; 25 years ago 6559:InVisage Technologies 5073:PowerOpen Environment 4721:Operating systems by 4645:macOS version history 2521:QuickTime Broadcaster 2391:– Apple press release 2385:– Apple press release 2379:– Apple press release 2373:– Apple press release 2367:– Apple press release 2361:– Apple press release 2355:– Apple press release 2109:(November 15, 2011). 1624:Distributed computing 876: 731: 661:application support, 641:clients and servers. 585:clients and servers. 386: 379:macOS version history 7373:Edgar S. Woolard Jr. 6566:The Keyboard Company 5457:Timeline of products 4955:10.8 (Mountain Lion) 4655:tvOS version history 2541:System Image Utility 2343:Apple – macOS Server 2137:Computerworld.com.au 1835:on November 14, 2016 1722:System Image Utility 1716:Server Status widget 1102:Mac OS X Server 10.4 1063:Mac OS X Server 10.5 1047:Mac OS X Server 10.6 985:System Image Utility 944:Bundled applications 833:2, with server side 681:), virus detection ( 663:Access Control Lists 281:Mac OS X Server 258:proprietary software 6891:Price-fixing ebooks 6725:Rockstar Consortium 5027:Mac OS X Server 1.0 4980:10.13 (High Sierra) 4945:10.6 (Snow Leopard) 4825:Systems 2, 3, and 4 4660:iOS version history 3904:10.5 Leopard Server 3656:Classic Environment 3225:Migration Assistant 3180:Digital Color Meter 3062:Former Applications 2924:Notification Center 2567:Mac OS X Server 1.0 2240:Snow Leopard Server 1702:Management features 1533:Managed Preferences 1477:Application servers 1273:directory connector 1072:The server, named " 1033:Address Book Server 860:or Podcast Library. 821:Address Book Server 486:Aqua user interface 436:Mac OS X Server 1.0 312:mail transfer agent 144:March 16, 1999 44: 7242:Arthur D. Levinson 6337:Sign in with Apple 4970:10.11 (El Capitan) 4588:Derived from tvOS: 4572:Derived from iOS: 3987:macOS 10.12 Sierra 3304:Technologies & 3281:ODBC Administrator 3240:System Information 2726:10.8 Mountain Lion 2485:Apache HTTP Server 1934:on August 13, 2006 1713:Server Preferences 1663:Disk space monitor 1642:Automatic recovery 1560:Networking and VPN 1067:Apache License 2.0 1007:OS X Mountain Lion 918:’s acquisition of 916:Oracle Corporation 879: 827:protocol standard. 734: 395:foundation called 389: 328:domain name server 7444: 7443: 7416: 7415: 7386: 7385: 7219: 7218: 7176:Peter Oppenheimer 6999:(General Counsel) 6908:iOS app approvals 6733: 6732: 6422: 6421: 6041: 6040: 6037: 6036: 5759: 5758: 5402: 5401: 5316:Apple TV Software 5115: 5114: 4688: 4687: 4615: 4614: 4550: 4549: 4513: 4512: 4431: 4430: 4327: 4326: 4323: 4322: 4184: 4183: 4116: 4115: 4039: 4038: 4035: 4034: 3992:10.13 High Sierra 3957:10.6 Snow Leopard 3820: 3819: 3754:operating systems 3713: 3712: 3684: 3683: 3329:Apple File System 3299: 3298: 3185:Directory Utility 3114: 3113: 3057: 3056: 3039:Interface Builder 2817:Core Applications 2805: 2804: 2762:10.13 High Sierra 2705:10.6 Snow Leopard 2575: 2574: 2546:Workgroup Manager 2320:on March 11, 2016 2312:Schellworth, Ph. 2302:, March 27, 2007. 1753: 1752: 1719:Workgroup Manager 1528:Client management 1401:SSL/TLS (OpenSSL) 1186:, AppleTalk PAP, 1137:macOS High Sierra 990:Workgroup Manager 292:operating systems 278: 277: 16:(Redirected from 7479: 7434: 7433: 7368:Michael Spindler 7318:Fred D. Anderson 7232: 7181:Mark Papermaster 7131:Guerrino De Luca 7121:Fred D. Anderson 7092:Michael Spindler 7018:John Giannandrea 6969: 6960: 6468:Braeburn Capital 6431: 6052: 5770: 5501: 5492: 5429: 5422: 5415: 5406: 5394: 5393: 5385: 5384: 5328:Apple Vision Pro 4990:10.15 (Catalina) 4965:10.10 (Yosemite) 4960:10.9 (Mavericks) 4808: 4715: 4708: 4701: 4692: 4561: 4524: 4442: 4338: 4214: 4200: 4061: 4050: 3982:10.11 El Capitan 3856: 3831: 3767: 3740: 3733: 3726: 3717: 3702: 3701: 3594:Universal binary 3312: 3250:Universal Access 3190:DiskImageMounter 3145:Audio MIDI Setup 3130:Activity Monitor 3123: 3006: 2949:Quicktime Player 2814: 2741:10.11 El Capitan 2653: 2602: 2595: 2588: 2579: 2531:Server Assistant 2480:Spotlight Server 2419: 2412: 2405: 2396: 2330: 2329: 2327: 2325: 2316:. Archived from 2314:"osx:ipfailover" 2309: 2303: 2293: 2287: 2282: 2276: 2271: 2265: 2263:Leopard features 2260: 2254: 2253: 2235: 2224: 2223: 2216: 2210: 2209: 2207: 2205: 2190: 2184: 2183: 2181: 2179: 2173: 2166: 2158: 2152: 2151: 2149: 2147: 2128: 2122: 2121: 2119: 2117: 2103: 2097: 2096: 2094: 2092: 2081: 2075: 2074: 2072: 2070: 2059: 2053: 2052: 2050: 2048: 2039:. Archived from 2033: 2027: 2026: 2015: 2009: 2008: 2003:. Archived from 1993: 1987: 1981: 1970: 1969: 1967: 1965: 1950: 1944: 1943: 1941: 1939: 1930:. Archived from 1924: 1918: 1917: 1915: 1913: 1899: 1893: 1892: 1890: 1888: 1877: 1871: 1870: 1868: 1866: 1851: 1845: 1844: 1842: 1840: 1825: 1816: 1815: 1800: 1783: 1782: 1780: 1778: 1773:. The Open Group 1767: 1707:Server Assistant 1497:deployment (5.4) 1277:Active Directory 1172: 1075: 975:Server Assistant 920:Sun Microsystems 858:Final Cut Server 813:2 with improved 710:Universal Binary 671:link aggregation 617:), mail server ( 561:), mail server ( 408:server computers 308:network services 306:-based devices, 264:Official website 171: 169: 154: 152: 147: 52: 45: 39:Operating system 21: 7487: 7486: 7482: 7481: 7480: 7478: 7477: 7476: 7447: 7446: 7445: 7440: 7412: 7382: 7283: 7279:Susan L. Wagner 7274:Ronald D. Sugar 7226: 7215: 7191:Bertrand Serlet 7161:Nancy R. Heinen 7116:Angela Ahrendts 7062: 7038:Deirdre O'Brien 7008:Craig Federighi 6997:Katherine Adams 6951: 6798:Right to repair 6758:Think different 6729: 6656: 6608:Power Computing 6477: 6418: 6320: 6275: 6232: 6226: 6181: 6175:MLS Season Pass 6076: 6033: 5897:Developer Tools 5892:Core Foundation 5868: 5775: 5755: 5690: 5667: 5634: 5606: 5558: 5481: 5438: 5433: 5403: 5398: 5375: 5275: 5111: 5033: 4854: 4797: 4725: 4719: 4689: 4684: 4677: 4636: 4611: 4546: 4509: 4427: 4383: 4355: 4345: 4319: 4236: 4207: 4193: 4180: 4112: 4083: 4055: 4031: 3913: 3861: 3847: 3843: 3838: 3816: 3756: 3744: 3714: 3709: 3680: 3629: 3613: 3569:Speakable items 3539:Preference Pane 3519:Mission Control 3409:Core Foundation 3305: 3295: 3291:Software Update 3276:Network Utility 3259: 3235:System Settings 3220:Keychain Access 3140:Archive Utility 3135:AirPort Utility 3110: 3053: 3049:Quartz Composer 3027: 3001:Developer Tools 2995: 2964:version history 2801: 2745: 2709: 2644: 2611: 2606: 2576: 2571: 2555: 2509: 2445:Contacts Server 2428: 2423: 2339: 2334: 2333: 2323: 2321: 2311: 2310: 2306: 2300:InformationWeek 2294: 2290: 2283: 2279: 2272: 2268: 2261: 2257: 2250: 2237: 2236: 2227: 2218: 2217: 2213: 2203: 2201: 2192: 2191: 2187: 2177: 2175: 2171: 2164: 2160: 2159: 2155: 2145: 2143: 2130: 2129: 2125: 2115: 2113: 2105: 2104: 2100: 2090: 2088: 2083: 2082: 2078: 2068: 2066: 2061: 2060: 2056: 2046: 2044: 2043:on June 8, 2011 2035: 2034: 2030: 2024:RubyOnRails.org 2017: 2016: 2012: 1995: 1994: 1990: 1982: 1973: 1963: 1961: 1960:. June 28, 2004 1952: 1951: 1947: 1937: 1935: 1926: 1925: 1921: 1911: 1909: 1901: 1900: 1896: 1886: 1884: 1879: 1878: 1874: 1864: 1862: 1861:on June 9, 2011 1853: 1852: 1848: 1838: 1836: 1827: 1826: 1819: 1814:. May 12, 2022. 1802: 1801: 1786: 1776: 1774: 1769: 1768: 1764: 1759: 1754: 1547:Software Update 1512:Media streaming 1491:virtual machine 1434:in Lion Server) 1430:5 (replaced by 1169: 1160: 1158:Discontinuation 1129:Mac OS X Server 1125: 1098: 1073: 1055: 1035: 1019: 1017:Server services 1003: 951: 946: 871: 792: 726: 687:Software Update 655: 599: 527: 518: 482: 438: 432: 381: 375: 283:is a series of 272:Wayback Machine 268:Mac OS X Server 237: 208: 167: 165: 150: 148: 145: 141:Initial release 113: 55: 43:Mac OS X Server 40: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7485: 7483: 7475: 7474: 7469: 7464: 7459: 7449: 7448: 7442: 7441: 7439: 7438: 7428: 7421: 7418: 7417: 7414: 7413: 7411: 7410: 7405: 7400: 7394: 7392: 7388: 7387: 7384: 7383: 7381: 7380: 7375: 7370: 7365: 7360: 7355: 7350: 7345: 7343:Robert A. Iger 7340: 7335: 7330: 7328:Mickey Drexler 7325: 7320: 7315: 7310: 7304: 7298: 7291: 7289: 7285: 7284: 7282: 7281: 7276: 7271: 7266: 7261: 7256: 7251: 7245: 7238: 7236: 7229: 7221: 7220: 7217: 7216: 7214: 7213: 7208: 7203: 7198: 7193: 7188: 7186:Jon Rubinstein 7183: 7178: 7173: 7168: 7163: 7158: 7153: 7151:Scott Forstall 7148: 7143: 7138: 7133: 7128: 7123: 7118: 7113: 7107: 7101: 7095: 7089: 7083: 7077: 7070: 7068: 7064: 7063: 7061: 7060: 7055: 7050: 7045: 7040: 7035: 7030: 7025: 7020: 7015: 7013:Isabel Ge Mahe 7010: 7005: 7000: 6994: 6988: 6982: 6975: 6973: 6966: 6957: 6953: 6952: 6950: 6949: 6944: 6943: 6942: 6937: 6927: 6922: 6921: 6920: 6910: 6905: 6904: 6903: 6898: 6893: 6888: 6883: 6873: 6872: 6871: 6861: 6860: 6859: 6849: 6848: 6847: 6842: 6837: 6827: 6822: 6821: 6820: 6815: 6807: 6806: 6805: 6800: 6790: 6785: 6780: 6779: 6778: 6773: 6768: 6761: 6754: 6741: 6739: 6735: 6734: 6731: 6730: 6728: 6727: 6722: 6717: 6712: 6705: 6700: 6695: 6690: 6689: 6688: 6681: 6666: 6664: 6658: 6657: 6655: 6654: 6653: 6652: 6644: 6643: 6642: 6635: 6628: 6623: 6618: 6611: 6604: 6597: 6590: 6583: 6576: 6569: 6562: 6555: 6548: 6541: 6534: 6527: 6520: 6515: 6510: 6505: 6498: 6487: 6485: 6479: 6478: 6476: 6475: 6470: 6465: 6460: 6455: 6450: 6445: 6439: 6437: 6428: 6424: 6423: 6420: 6419: 6417: 6416: 6415: 6414: 6409: 6399: 6394: 6389: 6384: 6383: 6382: 6370: 6369: 6368: 6363: 6358: 6346: 6341: 6340: 6339: 6328: 6326: 6322: 6321: 6319: 6318: 6311: 6304: 6299: 6297:Certifications 6294: 6289: 6283: 6281: 6277: 6276: 6274: 6273: 6272: 6271: 6261: 6260: 6259: 6249: 6248: 6247: 6236: 6234: 6228: 6227: 6225: 6224: 6219: 6218: 6217: 6212: 6200: 6195: 6189: 6187: 6183: 6182: 6180: 6179: 6178: 6177: 6172: 6167: 6157: 6152: 6151: 6150: 6138: 6137: 6136: 6131: 6124: 6117: 6112: 6105: 6095: 6090: 6084: 6082: 6078: 6077: 6075: 6074: 6069: 6064: 6058: 6056: 6049: 6043: 6042: 6039: 6038: 6035: 6034: 6032: 6031: 6026: 6021: 6016: 6011: 6006: 6001: 5996: 5991: 5990: 5989: 5984: 5979: 5969: 5964: 5963: 5962: 5955: 5950: 5938: 5937: 5936: 5926: 5925: 5924: 5919: 5914: 5904: 5899: 5894: 5889: 5884: 5879: 5873: 5870: 5869: 5867: 5866: 5861: 5858:Classic Mac OS 5854: 5849: 5844: 5839: 5834: 5833: 5832: 5827: 5817: 5816: 5815: 5810: 5808:iPadOS history 5805: 5800: 5795: 5780: 5778: 5767: 5761: 5760: 5757: 5756: 5754: 5753: 5748: 5743: 5738: 5733: 5732: 5731: 5721: 5720: 5719: 5709: 5704: 5698: 5696: 5692: 5691: 5689: 5688: 5683: 5677: 5675: 5669: 5668: 5666: 5665: 5660: 5655: 5650: 5644: 5642: 5636: 5635: 5633: 5632: 5627: 5622: 5616: 5614: 5608: 5607: 5605: 5604: 5597: 5590: 5583: 5576: 5568: 5566: 5560: 5559: 5557: 5556: 5551: 5546: 5541: 5540: 5539: 5534: 5524: 5523: 5522: 5509: 5507: 5498: 5489: 5483: 5482: 5480: 5479: 5474: 5469: 5464: 5459: 5454: 5449: 5443: 5440: 5439: 5434: 5432: 5431: 5424: 5417: 5409: 5400: 5399: 5380: 5377: 5376: 5374: 5373: 5372: 5371: 5361: 5360: 5359: 5349: 5348: 5347: 5346: 5345: 5340: 5325: 5324: 5323: 5318: 5308: 5307: 5306: 5296: 5295: 5294: 5283: 5281: 5277: 5276: 5274: 5273: 5272: 5271: 5266: 5261: 5256: 5251: 5246: 5236: 5235: 5234: 5229: 5224: 5219: 5214: 5209: 5204: 5199: 5194: 5189: 5184: 5179: 5174: 5169: 5164: 5159: 5154: 5149: 5139: 5133: 5131: 5117: 5116: 5113: 5112: 5110: 5109: 5108: 5107: 5102: 5101: 5100: 5090: 5085: 5077: 5076: 5075: 5070: 5065: 5060: 5055: 5050: 5041: 5039: 5038:Other projects 5035: 5034: 5032: 5031: 5030: 5029: 5019: 5018: 5017: 5012: 5007: 5002: 4997: 4992: 4987: 4985:10.14 (Mojave) 4982: 4977: 4975:10.12 (Sierra) 4972: 4967: 4962: 4957: 4952: 4947: 4942: 4940:10.5 (Leopard) 4937: 4932: 4930:10.3 (Panther) 4927: 4922: 4917: 4909: 4908: 4907: 4906: 4905: 4892: 4891: 4890: 4885: 4880: 4875: 4864: 4862: 4856: 4855: 4853: 4852: 4847: 4842: 4837: 4832: 4827: 4822: 4816: 4814: 4812:Classic Mac OS 4805: 4799: 4798: 4796: 4795: 4794: 4793: 4788: 4778: 4777: 4776: 4766: 4765: 4764: 4759: 4754: 4743: 4741: 4727: 4726: 4720: 4718: 4717: 4710: 4703: 4695: 4686: 4685: 4683: 4682: 4672: 4667: 4662: 4657: 4652: 4647: 4641: 4638: 4637: 4635: 4634: 4629: 4623: 4621: 4617: 4616: 4613: 4612: 4610: 4609: 4604: 4599: 4594: 4589: 4586: 4581: 4576: 4569: 4567: 4558: 4552: 4551: 4548: 4547: 4545: 4544: 4539: 4532: 4530: 4521: 4515: 4514: 4511: 4510: 4508: 4507: 4502: 4497: 4492: 4487: 4482: 4477: 4472: 4467: 4462: 4457: 4450: 4448: 4439: 4433: 4432: 4429: 4428: 4426: 4425: 4420: 4415: 4410: 4405: 4400: 4393: 4391: 4385: 4384: 4382: 4381: 4378: 4375: 4372: 4369: 4366: 4363: 4360: 4357: 4351: 4349: 4335: 4329: 4328: 4325: 4324: 4321: 4320: 4318: 4317: 4312: 4307: 4302: 4297: 4292: 4287: 4282: 4277: 4272: 4267: 4262: 4257: 4252: 4247: 4241: 4238: 4237: 4235: 4234: 4229: 4224: 4217: 4211: 4197: 4186: 4185: 4182: 4181: 4179: 4178: 4173: 4168: 4163: 4158: 4153: 4148: 4143: 4138: 4133: 4126: 4124: 4118: 4117: 4114: 4113: 4111: 4110: 4105: 4100: 4095: 4088: 4085: 4084: 4082: 4081: 4076: 4071: 4064: 4058: 4047: 4041: 4040: 4037: 4036: 4033: 4032: 4030: 4029: 4024: 4019: 4014: 4009: 4004: 4002:10.15 Catalina 3999: 3994: 3989: 3984: 3979: 3977:10.10 Yosemite 3974: 3972:10.9 Mavericks 3969: 3964: 3959: 3954: 3949: 3944: 3939: 3934: 3929: 3927:10.0 (Cheetah) 3924: 3918: 3915: 3914: 3912: 3911: 3906: 3901: 3896: 3894:10.3 (Panther) 3891: 3886: 3881: 3879:10.0 (Cheetah) 3876: 3866: 3864: 3853: 3828: 3822: 3821: 3818: 3817: 3815: 3814: 3809: 3808: 3807: 3797: 3792: 3787: 3782: 3776: 3774: 3764: 3758: 3757: 3745: 3743: 3742: 3735: 3728: 3720: 3711: 3710: 3708: 3707: 3696: 3689: 3686: 3685: 3682: 3681: 3679: 3678: 3673: 3668: 3663: 3658: 3653: 3648: 3643: 3637: 3635: 3631: 3630: 3628: 3627: 3621: 3619: 3615: 3614: 3612: 3611: 3606: 3601: 3596: 3591: 3586: 3581: 3576: 3571: 3566: 3561: 3556: 3551: 3546: 3541: 3536: 3531: 3526: 3521: 3516: 3511: 3506: 3501: 3496: 3491: 3486: 3481: 3476: 3471: 3466: 3461: 3456: 3451: 3446: 3441: 3436: 3431: 3426: 3421: 3416: 3411: 3406: 3401: 3396: 3394:Core Animation 3391: 3386: 3381: 3376: 3371: 3366: 3361: 3356: 3351: 3346: 3341: 3336: 3331: 3326: 3321: 3315: 3309: 3307:User Interface 3301: 3300: 3297: 3296: 3294: 3293: 3288: 3283: 3278: 3273: 3267: 3265: 3261: 3260: 3258: 3257: 3252: 3247: 3242: 3237: 3232: 3227: 3222: 3217: 3212: 3207: 3202: 3197: 3192: 3187: 3182: 3177: 3175:Crash Reporter 3172: 3167: 3162: 3157: 3152: 3147: 3142: 3137: 3132: 3126: 3120: 3116: 3115: 3112: 3111: 3109: 3108: 3103: 3102: 3101: 3091: 3086: 3081: 3076: 3071: 3065: 3063: 3059: 3058: 3055: 3054: 3052: 3051: 3046: 3041: 3035: 3033: 3029: 3028: 3026: 3025: 3020: 3014: 3012: 3003: 2997: 2996: 2994: 2993: 2988: 2983: 2978: 2973: 2968: 2967: 2966: 2956: 2951: 2946: 2941: 2936: 2931: 2926: 2921: 2916: 2911: 2906: 2901: 2896: 2891: 2886: 2881: 2876: 2871: 2866: 2861: 2856: 2854:Control Center 2851: 2846: 2841: 2836: 2831: 2826: 2820: 2818: 2811: 2807: 2806: 2803: 2802: 2800: 2799: 2794: 2789: 2784: 2779: 2774: 2772:10.15 Catalina 2769: 2764: 2759: 2753: 2751: 2747: 2746: 2744: 2743: 2738: 2736:10.10 Yosemite 2733: 2731:10.9 Mavericks 2728: 2723: 2717: 2715: 2711: 2710: 2708: 2707: 2702: 2697: 2692: 2687: 2682: 2677: 2672: 2667: 2661: 2659: 2650: 2646: 2645: 2643: 2642: 2637: 2632: 2627: 2622: 2616: 2613: 2612: 2607: 2605: 2604: 2597: 2590: 2582: 2573: 2572: 2570: 2569: 2563: 2561: 2557: 2556: 2554: 2553: 2548: 2543: 2538: 2536:Server Monitor 2533: 2528: 2526:QTSS Publisher 2523: 2517: 2515: 2511: 2510: 2508: 2507: 2502: 2497: 2492: 2487: 2482: 2477: 2467: 2465:Open Directory 2462: 2457: 2452: 2447: 2442: 2436: 2434: 2430: 2429: 2424: 2422: 2421: 2414: 2407: 2399: 2393: 2392: 2386: 2380: 2374: 2368: 2362: 2356: 2350: 2345: 2338: 2337:External links 2335: 2332: 2331: 2304: 2288: 2277: 2266: 2255: 2248: 2225: 2211: 2185: 2153: 2123: 2098: 2076: 2054: 2028: 2010: 2001:Mac OS X Hints 1988: 1971: 1958:Apple Newsroom 1945: 1919: 1907:Apple Newsroom 1894: 1872: 1846: 1817: 1784: 1761: 1760: 1758: 1755: 1751: 1750: 1746: 1745: 1735: 1732: 1731:Server Monitor 1729: 1723: 1720: 1717: 1714: 1711: 1708: 1699: 1698: 1692: 1686: 1681: 1665: 1664: 1661: 1655: 1648: 1643: 1634: 1633: 1620: 1619: 1618: 1613: 1603: 1585: 1579: 1573: 1557: 1556: 1553: 1550: 1544: 1539: 1534: 1525: 1524: 1521: 1509: 1508: 1498: 1492: 1486: 1474: 1473: 1463: 1446: 1445: 1444: 1435: 1425: 1407: 1402: 1399: 1387: 1386: 1370: 1369: 1359: 1349: 1339: 1329: 1319: 1305: 1289: 1288: 1283: 1280: 1274: 1268: 1262: 1255: 1240:Open Directory 1231: 1230: 1219: 1205: 1191: 1170: 1168: 1165: 1159: 1156: 1124: 1121: 1113:jabberd2 2.0s9 1097: 1094: 1054: 1051: 1034: 1031: 1018: 1015: 1002: 999: 998: 997: 992: 987: 982: 980:Server Monitor 977: 972: 950: 947: 945: 942: 870: 867: 866: 865: 861: 845: 838: 828: 818: 808: 791: 788: 787: 786: 765: 725: 722: 654: 651: 603:Open Directory 598: 595: 557:, web server ( 531:Open Directory 526: 523: 517: 514: 481: 478: 444:, a hybrid of 434:Main article: 431: 428: 374: 371: 345:Starting with 326:server, and a 276: 275: 265: 261: 260: 252: 246: 245: 240: 238:user interface 232: 231: 217: 210: 209: 207: 206: 195: 189: 187: 183: 182: 179: 173: 172: 162: 156: 155: 142: 138: 137: 127: 123: 122: 119: 115: 114: 112: 111: 106: 100: 98: 94: 93: 75: 69: 68: 63: 57: 56: 53: 38: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7484: 7473: 7470: 7468: 7465: 7463: 7460: 7458: 7455: 7454: 7452: 7437: 7429: 7426: 7423: 7422: 7419: 7409: 7406: 7404: 7403:Steve Wozniak 7401: 7399: 7396: 7395: 7393: 7389: 7379: 7376: 7374: 7371: 7369: 7366: 7364: 7363:Michael Scott 7361: 7359: 7356: 7354: 7351: 7349: 7346: 7344: 7341: 7339: 7338:Larry Ellison 7336: 7334: 7331: 7329: 7326: 7324: 7323:Bill Campbell 7321: 7319: 7316: 7314: 7311: 7308: 7305: 7302: 7299: 7296: 7295:Mike Markkula 7293: 7292: 7290: 7286: 7280: 7277: 7275: 7272: 7270: 7267: 7265: 7262: 7260: 7257: 7255: 7254:James A. Bell 7252: 7249: 7246: 7243: 7240: 7239: 7237: 7233: 7230: 7228: 7222: 7212: 7211:Steve Wozniak 7209: 7207: 7206:Avie Tevanian 7204: 7202: 7201:Sina Tamaddon 7199: 7197: 7194: 7192: 7189: 7187: 7184: 7182: 7179: 7177: 7174: 7172: 7169: 7167: 7164: 7162: 7159: 7157: 7156:Ellen Hancock 7154: 7152: 7149: 7147: 7144: 7142: 7139: 7137: 7134: 7132: 7129: 7127: 7124: 7122: 7119: 7117: 7114: 7111: 7108: 7105: 7102: 7099: 7096: 7093: 7090: 7087: 7084: 7081: 7080:Mike Markkula 7078: 7075: 7074:Michael Scott 7072: 7071: 7069: 7065: 7059: 7056: 7054: 7051: 7049: 7048:Phil Schiller 7046: 7044: 7041: 7039: 7036: 7034: 7031: 7029: 7026: 7024: 7021: 7019: 7016: 7014: 7011: 7009: 7006: 7004: 7001: 6998: 6995: 6992: 6989: 6986: 6985:Jeff Williams 6983: 6980: 6977: 6976: 6974: 6970: 6967: 6965: 6961: 6958: 6954: 6948: 6945: 6941: 6938: 6936: 6933: 6932: 6931: 6928: 6926: 6923: 6919: 6916: 6915: 6914: 6911: 6909: 6906: 6902: 6899: 6897: 6894: 6892: 6889: 6887: 6884: 6882: 6879: 6878: 6877: 6874: 6870: 6867: 6866: 6865: 6862: 6858: 6855: 6854: 6853: 6850: 6846: 6843: 6841: 6838: 6836: 6833: 6832: 6831: 6828: 6826: 6823: 6819: 6816: 6814: 6811: 6810: 6809:Headquarters 6808: 6804: 6801: 6799: 6796: 6795: 6794: 6791: 6789: 6786: 6784: 6781: 6777: 6774: 6772: 6769: 6766: 6762: 6759: 6755: 6752: 6748: 6747: 6746: 6743: 6742: 6740: 6736: 6726: 6723: 6721: 6718: 6716: 6713: 6711: 6710: 6709:Digital Ocean 6706: 6704: 6701: 6699: 6696: 6694: 6691: 6687: 6686: 6682: 6680: 6679: 6675: 6674: 6673: 6672: 6668: 6667: 6665: 6663: 6659: 6651: 6648: 6647: 6645: 6641: 6640: 6636: 6634: 6633: 6629: 6627: 6624: 6622: 6619: 6617: 6616: 6612: 6610: 6609: 6605: 6603: 6602: 6598: 6596: 6595: 6591: 6589: 6588: 6584: 6582: 6581: 6577: 6575: 6574: 6570: 6568: 6567: 6563: 6561: 6560: 6556: 6554: 6553: 6549: 6547: 6546: 6542: 6540: 6539: 6535: 6533: 6532: 6528: 6526: 6525: 6521: 6519: 6516: 6514: 6511: 6509: 6506: 6504: 6503: 6499: 6497: 6494: 6493: 6492: 6489: 6488: 6486: 6484: 6480: 6474: 6471: 6469: 6466: 6464: 6461: 6459: 6456: 6454: 6453:Apple Studios 6451: 6449: 6446: 6444: 6441: 6440: 6438: 6436: 6432: 6429: 6425: 6413: 6410: 6408: 6405: 6404: 6403: 6400: 6398: 6395: 6393: 6390: 6388: 6385: 6381: 6380: 6376: 6375: 6374: 6371: 6367: 6364: 6362: 6359: 6357: 6356: 6352: 6351: 6350: 6347: 6345: 6342: 6338: 6335: 6334: 6333: 6330: 6329: 6327: 6323: 6317: 6316: 6312: 6310: 6309: 6305: 6303: 6300: 6298: 6295: 6293: 6290: 6288: 6285: 6284: 6282: 6278: 6270: 6267: 6266: 6265: 6262: 6258: 6255: 6254: 6253: 6250: 6246: 6243: 6242: 6241: 6238: 6237: 6235: 6233:digital sales 6229: 6223: 6220: 6216: 6213: 6211: 6210: 6206: 6205: 6204: 6201: 6199: 6198:Walkie-Talkie 6196: 6194: 6191: 6190: 6188: 6186:Communication 6184: 6176: 6173: 6171: 6168: 6166: 6163: 6162: 6161: 6158: 6156: 6153: 6149: 6148: 6144: 6143: 6142: 6139: 6135: 6132: 6130: 6129: 6125: 6123: 6122: 6118: 6116: 6113: 6111: 6110: 6106: 6104: 6101: 6100: 6099: 6096: 6094: 6091: 6089: 6086: 6085: 6083: 6079: 6073: 6070: 6068: 6065: 6063: 6060: 6059: 6057: 6053: 6050: 6048: 6044: 6030: 6027: 6025: 6022: 6020: 6017: 6015: 6012: 6010: 6007: 6005: 6002: 6000: 5997: 5995: 5992: 5988: 5985: 5983: 5980: 5978: 5975: 5974: 5973: 5970: 5968: 5965: 5961: 5960: 5956: 5954: 5951: 5949: 5946: 5945: 5944: 5943: 5939: 5935: 5932: 5931: 5930: 5927: 5923: 5920: 5918: 5915: 5913: 5910: 5909: 5908: 5907:Final Cut Pro 5905: 5903: 5900: 5898: 5895: 5893: 5890: 5888: 5885: 5883: 5880: 5878: 5875: 5874: 5871: 5865: 5862: 5860: 5859: 5855: 5853: 5850: 5848: 5845: 5843: 5840: 5838: 5835: 5831: 5828: 5826: 5823: 5822: 5821: 5818: 5814: 5811: 5809: 5806: 5804: 5801: 5799: 5796: 5794: 5791: 5790: 5789: 5785: 5782: 5781: 5779: 5777: 5771: 5768: 5766: 5762: 5752: 5749: 5747: 5744: 5742: 5739: 5737: 5734: 5730: 5727: 5726: 5725: 5722: 5718: 5715: 5714: 5713: 5710: 5708: 5705: 5703: 5700: 5699: 5697: 5693: 5687: 5684: 5682: 5679: 5678: 5676: 5674: 5670: 5664: 5661: 5659: 5656: 5654: 5651: 5649: 5646: 5645: 5643: 5641: 5637: 5631: 5630:iPhone models 5628: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5618: 5617: 5615: 5613: 5609: 5603: 5602: 5598: 5596: 5595: 5591: 5589: 5588: 5584: 5582: 5581: 5577: 5575: 5574: 5570: 5569: 5567: 5565: 5561: 5555: 5552: 5550: 5547: 5545: 5542: 5538: 5535: 5533: 5530: 5529: 5528: 5525: 5521: 5520: 5516: 5515: 5514: 5511: 5510: 5508: 5506: 5502: 5499: 5497: 5493: 5490: 5488: 5484: 5478: 5475: 5473: 5470: 5468: 5465: 5463: 5460: 5458: 5455: 5453: 5450: 5448: 5445: 5444: 5441: 5437: 5430: 5425: 5423: 5418: 5416: 5411: 5410: 5407: 5397: 5388: 5378: 5370: 5367: 5366: 5365: 5362: 5358: 5355: 5354: 5353: 5350: 5344: 5341: 5339: 5336: 5335: 5334: 5331: 5330: 5329: 5326: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5314: 5313: 5312: 5309: 5305: 5302: 5301: 5300: 5297: 5293: 5290: 5289: 5288: 5285: 5284: 5282: 5280:Other devices 5278: 5270: 5267: 5265: 5262: 5260: 5257: 5255: 5252: 5250: 5247: 5245: 5242: 5241: 5240: 5237: 5233: 5230: 5228: 5225: 5223: 5220: 5218: 5215: 5213: 5210: 5208: 5205: 5203: 5200: 5198: 5195: 5193: 5190: 5188: 5185: 5183: 5180: 5178: 5175: 5173: 5170: 5168: 5165: 5163: 5160: 5158: 5155: 5153: 5150: 5148: 5145: 5144: 5143: 5140: 5138: 5137:iPod software 5135: 5134: 5132: 5130: 5126: 5122: 5118: 5106: 5103: 5099: 5096: 5095: 5094: 5091: 5089: 5086: 5084: 5081: 5080: 5078: 5074: 5071: 5069: 5066: 5064: 5061: 5059: 5056: 5054: 5051: 5049: 5046: 5045: 5043: 5042: 5040: 5036: 5028: 5025: 5024: 5023: 5020: 5016: 5013: 5011: 5008: 5006: 5003: 5001: 5000:12 (Monterey) 4998: 4996: 4993: 4991: 4988: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4978: 4976: 4973: 4971: 4968: 4966: 4963: 4961: 4958: 4956: 4953: 4951: 4948: 4946: 4943: 4941: 4938: 4936: 4933: 4931: 4928: 4926: 4925:10.2 (Jaguar) 4923: 4921: 4918: 4916: 4913: 4912: 4910: 4904: 4901: 4900: 4899: 4896: 4895: 4893: 4889: 4886: 4884: 4881: 4879: 4876: 4874: 4871: 4870: 4869: 4866: 4865: 4863: 4861: 4857: 4851: 4848: 4846: 4843: 4841: 4838: 4836: 4833: 4831: 4828: 4826: 4823: 4821: 4818: 4817: 4815: 4813: 4809: 4806: 4804: 4800: 4792: 4789: 4787: 4784: 4783: 4782: 4779: 4775: 4772: 4771: 4770: 4767: 4763: 4760: 4758: 4755: 4753: 4750: 4749: 4748: 4745: 4744: 4742: 4740: 4736: 4732: 4728: 4724: 4716: 4711: 4709: 4704: 4702: 4697: 4696: 4693: 4680: 4676: 4673: 4671: 4668: 4666: 4663: 4661: 4658: 4656: 4653: 4651: 4648: 4646: 4643: 4642: 4639: 4633: 4630: 4628: 4625: 4624: 4622: 4618: 4608: 4605: 4603: 4600: 4598: 4595: 4593: 4590: 4587: 4585: 4582: 4580: 4577: 4575: 4571: 4570: 4568: 4566: 4562: 4559: 4557: 4553: 4543: 4540: 4538: 4534: 4533: 4531: 4529: 4525: 4522: 4520: 4516: 4506: 4503: 4501: 4498: 4496: 4493: 4491: 4488: 4486: 4483: 4481: 4478: 4476: 4473: 4471: 4468: 4466: 4463: 4461: 4458: 4456: 4452: 4451: 4449: 4447: 4443: 4440: 4438: 4434: 4424: 4421: 4419: 4416: 4414: 4411: 4409: 4406: 4404: 4401: 4399: 4395: 4394: 4392: 4390: 4386: 4379: 4376: 4373: 4370: 4367: 4364: 4361: 4358: 4353: 4352: 4350: 4348: 4343: 4339: 4336: 4334: 4330: 4316: 4313: 4311: 4308: 4306: 4303: 4301: 4298: 4296: 4293: 4291: 4288: 4286: 4283: 4281: 4278: 4276: 4273: 4271: 4268: 4266: 4263: 4261: 4258: 4256: 4253: 4251: 4248: 4246: 4243: 4242: 4239: 4233: 4230: 4228: 4225: 4223: 4219: 4218: 4215: 4212: 4210: 4205: 4201: 4198: 4196: 4191: 4187: 4177: 4174: 4172: 4169: 4167: 4164: 4162: 4159: 4157: 4154: 4152: 4149: 4147: 4144: 4142: 4139: 4137: 4134: 4132: 4128: 4127: 4125: 4123: 4119: 4109: 4106: 4104: 4101: 4099: 4096: 4094: 4090: 4089: 4086: 4080: 4077: 4075: 4072: 4070: 4066: 4065: 4062: 4059: 4057: 4051: 4048: 4046: 4042: 4028: 4025: 4023: 4020: 4018: 4015: 4013: 4010: 4008: 4005: 4003: 4000: 3998: 3995: 3993: 3990: 3988: 3985: 3983: 3980: 3978: 3975: 3973: 3970: 3968: 3965: 3963: 3960: 3958: 3955: 3953: 3950: 3948: 3945: 3943: 3940: 3938: 3937:10.2 (Jaguar) 3935: 3933: 3930: 3928: 3925: 3923: 3920: 3919: 3916: 3910: 3907: 3905: 3902: 3900: 3897: 3895: 3892: 3890: 3889:10.2 (Jaguar) 3887: 3885: 3882: 3880: 3877: 3875: 3871: 3868: 3867: 3865: 3863: 3857: 3854: 3851: 3846: 3841: 3836: 3832: 3829: 3827: 3823: 3813: 3810: 3806: 3803: 3802: 3801: 3798: 3796: 3793: 3791: 3788: 3786: 3783: 3781: 3778: 3777: 3775: 3773: 3768: 3765: 3763: 3759: 3755: 3752: 3748: 3741: 3736: 3734: 3729: 3727: 3722: 3721: 3718: 3706: 3697: 3694: 3691: 3690: 3687: 3677: 3674: 3672: 3669: 3667: 3664: 3662: 3659: 3657: 3654: 3652: 3649: 3647: 3646:Brushed metal 3644: 3642: 3639: 3638: 3636: 3632: 3626: 3623: 3622: 3620: 3616: 3610: 3607: 3605: 3602: 3600: 3597: 3595: 3592: 3590: 3587: 3585: 3582: 3580: 3577: 3575: 3572: 3570: 3567: 3565: 3564:Smart Folders 3562: 3560: 3557: 3555: 3552: 3550: 3547: 3545: 3544:Property list 3542: 3540: 3537: 3535: 3532: 3530: 3527: 3525: 3522: 3520: 3517: 3515: 3512: 3510: 3507: 3505: 3502: 3500: 3497: 3495: 3492: 3490: 3487: 3485: 3482: 3480: 3477: 3475: 3472: 3470: 3467: 3465: 3462: 3460: 3457: 3455: 3452: 3450: 3447: 3445: 3442: 3440: 3437: 3435: 3432: 3430: 3427: 3425: 3422: 3420: 3417: 3415: 3412: 3410: 3407: 3405: 3402: 3400: 3397: 3395: 3392: 3390: 3387: 3385: 3382: 3380: 3377: 3375: 3372: 3370: 3367: 3365: 3362: 3360: 3357: 3355: 3352: 3350: 3347: 3345: 3342: 3340: 3337: 3335: 3332: 3330: 3327: 3325: 3322: 3320: 3317: 3316: 3313: 3310: 3308: 3302: 3292: 3289: 3287: 3284: 3282: 3279: 3277: 3274: 3272: 3269: 3268: 3266: 3262: 3256: 3253: 3251: 3248: 3246: 3243: 3241: 3238: 3236: 3233: 3231: 3230:Script Editor 3228: 3226: 3223: 3221: 3218: 3216: 3213: 3211: 3210:Image Capture 3208: 3206: 3203: 3201: 3198: 3196: 3193: 3191: 3188: 3186: 3183: 3181: 3178: 3176: 3173: 3171: 3168: 3166: 3163: 3161: 3158: 3156: 3153: 3151: 3148: 3146: 3143: 3141: 3138: 3136: 3133: 3131: 3128: 3127: 3124: 3121: 3117: 3107: 3104: 3100: 3097: 3096: 3095: 3092: 3090: 3087: 3085: 3082: 3080: 3077: 3075: 3072: 3070: 3067: 3066: 3064: 3060: 3050: 3047: 3045: 3042: 3040: 3037: 3036: 3034: 3030: 3024: 3021: 3019: 3016: 3015: 3013: 3011: 3007: 3004: 3002: 2998: 2992: 2989: 2987: 2984: 2982: 2979: 2977: 2974: 2972: 2969: 2965: 2962: 2961: 2960: 2957: 2955: 2952: 2950: 2947: 2945: 2942: 2940: 2937: 2935: 2932: 2930: 2927: 2925: 2922: 2920: 2917: 2915: 2912: 2910: 2907: 2905: 2902: 2900: 2897: 2895: 2892: 2890: 2887: 2885: 2882: 2880: 2877: 2875: 2872: 2870: 2867: 2865: 2862: 2860: 2857: 2855: 2852: 2850: 2847: 2845: 2842: 2840: 2837: 2835: 2832: 2830: 2827: 2825: 2822: 2821: 2819: 2815: 2812: 2808: 2798: 2795: 2793: 2790: 2788: 2785: 2783: 2780: 2778: 2775: 2773: 2770: 2768: 2765: 2763: 2760: 2758: 2755: 2754: 2752: 2748: 2742: 2739: 2737: 2734: 2732: 2729: 2727: 2724: 2722: 2719: 2718: 2716: 2712: 2706: 2703: 2701: 2698: 2696: 2693: 2691: 2688: 2686: 2683: 2681: 2678: 2676: 2673: 2671: 2668: 2666: 2663: 2662: 2660: 2658: 2654: 2651: 2647: 2641: 2638: 2636: 2633: 2631: 2630:Built-in apps 2628: 2626: 2623: 2621: 2618: 2617: 2614: 2610: 2603: 2598: 2596: 2591: 2589: 2584: 2583: 2580: 2568: 2565: 2564: 2562: 2558: 2552: 2549: 2547: 2544: 2542: 2539: 2537: 2534: 2532: 2529: 2527: 2524: 2522: 2519: 2518: 2516: 2512: 2506: 2503: 2501: 2498: 2496: 2493: 2491: 2488: 2486: 2483: 2481: 2478: 2475: 2471: 2468: 2466: 2463: 2461: 2458: 2456: 2453: 2451: 2448: 2446: 2443: 2441: 2438: 2437: 2435: 2431: 2427: 2420: 2415: 2413: 2408: 2406: 2401: 2400: 2397: 2390: 2387: 2384: 2381: 2378: 2375: 2372: 2369: 2366: 2363: 2360: 2357: 2354: 2351: 2349: 2346: 2344: 2341: 2340: 2336: 2324:September 11, 2319: 2315: 2308: 2305: 2301: 2297: 2292: 2289: 2286: 2281: 2278: 2275: 2270: 2267: 2264: 2259: 2256: 2251: 2249:9780470521311 2245: 2241: 2234: 2232: 2230: 2226: 2221: 2215: 2212: 2200: 2196: 2189: 2186: 2170: 2163: 2162:"OS X Server" 2157: 2154: 2142: 2141:Computerworld 2138: 2134: 2127: 2124: 2112: 2108: 2102: 2099: 2086: 2080: 2077: 2064: 2058: 2055: 2042: 2038: 2032: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2014: 2011: 2006: 2002: 1998: 1992: 1989: 1985: 1980: 1978: 1976: 1972: 1959: 1955: 1949: 1946: 1933: 1929: 1923: 1920: 1908: 1904: 1898: 1895: 1882: 1876: 1873: 1860: 1856: 1850: 1847: 1834: 1830: 1824: 1822: 1818: 1813: 1809: 1805: 1799: 1797: 1795: 1793: 1791: 1789: 1785: 1772: 1766: 1763: 1756: 1749: 1743: 1739: 1736: 1733: 1730: 1727: 1724: 1721: 1718: 1715: 1712: 1709: 1706: 1705: 1704: 1703: 1696: 1693: 1690: 1687: 1685: 1682: 1679: 1675: 1672: 1671: 1670: 1669: 1662: 1660: 1656: 1653: 1649: 1647: 1644: 1641: 1640: 1639: 1638: 1631: 1628: 1627: 1626: 1625: 1621: 1617: 1614: 1611: 1607: 1604: 1601: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1586: 1583: 1580: 1577: 1574: 1571: 1567: 1564: 1563: 1562: 1561: 1554: 1551: 1548: 1545: 1543: 1540: 1538: 1535: 1532: 1531: 1530: 1529: 1522: 1519: 1516: 1515: 1514: 1513: 1506: 1502: 1499: 1496: 1493: 1490: 1487: 1484: 1483:Apache Tomcat 1481: 1480: 1479: 1478: 1471: 1467: 1464: 1461: 1457: 1454: 1453: 1452: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1436: 1433: 1429: 1426: 1423: 1419: 1415: 1411: 1408: 1406: 1403: 1400: 1397: 1394: 1393: 1392: 1391: 1385:, iTIP, iMIP) 1384: 1380: 1377: 1376: 1375: 1374: 1367: 1363: 1360: 1357: 1353: 1350: 1347: 1343: 1340: 1337: 1333: 1332:Mailing lists 1330: 1327: 1323: 1320: 1317: 1313: 1309: 1306: 1303: 1299: 1296: 1295: 1294: 1293: 1292:Mail services 1287: 1284: 1281: 1278: 1275: 1272: 1269: 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7333:Al Eisenstat 7301:John Sculley 7196:Bruce Sewell 7141:Al Eisenstat 7126:John Browett 7086:John Sculley 7053:Johny Srouji 7028:Greg Joswiak 7023:Lisa Jackson 6991:Luca Maestri 6869:AppleMasters 6707: 6683: 6678:Kaleida Labs 6676: 6671:AIM alliance 6669: 6662:Partnerships 6637: 6630: 6613: 6606: 6599: 6594:Nothing Real 6592: 6585: 6578: 6571: 6564: 6557: 6550: 6543: 6536: 6529: 6522: 6500: 6483:Acquisitions 6435:Subsidiaries 6377: 6353: 6313: 6306: 6269:Fifth Avenue 6252:iTunes Store 6207: 6145: 6128:iTunes Radio 6126: 6119: 6107: 5957: 5940: 5856: 5599: 5592: 5585: 5578: 5571: 5517: 5477:Trade unions 5472:Supply chain 5015:15 (Sequoia) 5005:13 (Ventura) 4995:11 (Big Sur) 4935:10.4 (Tiger) 4678: 3997:10.14 Mojave 3952:10.5 Leopard 3942:10.3 Panther 3899:10.4 (Tiger) 3859: 3692: 3634:Discontinued 3489:Kernel panic 3359:AVFoundation 3264:Discontinued 3195:Disk Utility 3165:Configurator 3032:Former tools 2991:Time Machine 2810:Applications 2767:10.14 Mojave 2757:10.12 Sierra 2700:10.5 Leopard 2690:10.3 Panther 2675:10.0 Cheetah 2625:Architecture 2514:Applications 2455:iChat Server 2426:macOS Server 2322:. Retrieved 2318:the original 2307: 2291: 2280: 2269: 2258: 2239: 2214: 2202:. Retrieved 2199:Ars Technica 2198: 2188: 2176:. Retrieved 2156: 2144:. Retrieved 2136: 2126: 2116:November 25, 2114:. Retrieved 2101: 2089:. Retrieved 2079: 2067:. Retrieved 2057: 2045:. Retrieved 2041:the original 2031: 2023: 2013: 2005:the original 2000: 1991: 1962:. Retrieved 1957: 1948: 1938:November 25, 1936:. Retrieved 1932:the original 1922: 1912:November 21, 1910:. Retrieved 1906: 1897: 1885:. Retrieved 1875: 1865:November 25, 1863:. Retrieved 1859:the original 1849: 1837:. Retrieved 1833:the original 1807: 1775:. Retrieved 1765: 1747: 1734:RAID Utility 1726:Secure Shell 1710:Server Admin 1701: 1700: 1676:(journaled, 1668:File systems 1667: 1666: 1636: 1635: 1623: 1622: 1559: 1558: 1527: 1526: 1511: 1510: 1476: 1475: 1466:iChat Server 1449: 1448: 1389: 1388: 1372: 1371: 1356:SpamAssassin 1324:encryption ( 1291: 1290: 1233: 1232: 1176: 1175: 1161: 1149: 1128: 1126: 1099: 1096:iChat Server 1071: 1056: 1036: 1020: 1004: 966: 962:Xserve RAIDs 955: 952: 939: 936: 932: 924: 880: 797: 796: 793: 751: 750: 746:Power Mac G5 735: 707: 691:iChat Server 679:SpamAssassin 656: 645:v4.0.16 and 600: 589:v4.0.16 and 528: 519: 483: 450:Mac OS 8.5.1 439: 405:rack-mounted 390: 355:macOS Server 354: 350: 344: 322:servers, an 285:discontinued 280: 279: 177:Available in 126:Source model 92:for settings 36: 7353:Arthur Rock 7269:Andrea Jung 7259:Alex Gorsky 7171:David Nagel 7166:Ron Johnson 7146:Tony Fadell 7136:Paul Deneve 7058:John Ternus 6947:Car project 6935:Asahi Linux 6776:Product Red 6745:Advertising 6720:Imagination 6545:FingerWorks 6518:BIS Records 6412:Look Around 6222:Game Center 6109:Beats Music 5803:iOS history 5663:Accessories 5462:Environment 5299:Apple Watch 5157:iPhone OS 3 5152:iPhone OS 2 5147:iPhone OS 1 5010:14 (Sonoma) 4950:10.7 (Lion) 4920:10.1 (Puma) 4888:Public Beta 4437:Apple Watch 4222:iPhone OS 1 4012:12 Monterey 3932:10.1 (Puma) 3884:10.1 (Puma) 3524:Night Shift 3419:Core OpenGL 3389:Command key 3354:Audio Units 3344:AppleScript 3205:Help Viewer 3018:Instruments 2934:Photo Booth 2879:Game Center 2782:12 Monterey 2685:10.2 Jaguar 2670:Public Beta 2551:Xgrid Admin 2505:Mail Server 2490:Wiki Server 2450:iCal Server 1887:October 21, 1839:November 2, 1777:December 4, 1697:(read-only) 1501:Apache Axis 1456:Wiki Server 1390:Web hosting 1379:iCal Server 1373:Calendaring 1364:detection ( 1354:filtering ( 1152:macOS 10.14 1123:Wiki Server 1109:online chat 1053:iCal Server 995:Xgrid Admin 904:Mail Server 900:Wiki Server 896:iCal Server 842:Mail server 831:Wiki Server 811:iCal Server 776:server-side 677:filtering ( 675:e-mail spam 403:computers, 393:open source 353:(and later 351:OS X Server 136:components) 134:open-source 86:Objective-C 7451:Categories 7398:Steve Jobs 7378:Jerry York 7313:Gil Amelio 7309:(Chairman) 7307:Steve Jobs 7303:(Chairman) 7297:(Chairman) 7244:(Chairman) 7104:Steve Jobs 7098:Gil Amelio 7043:Dan Riccio 7033:Sabih Khan 6964:Executives 6901:Epic Games 6876:Litigation 6840:Typography 6825:University 6646:Potential 6615:PrimeSense 6552:Intrinsity 6361:TestFlight 6315:One to One 6302:Genius Bar 6287:AppleCare+ 6231:Retail and 5948:GarageBand 5917:Compressor 5746:Vision Pro 5436:Apple Inc. 5343:visionOS 2 5338:visionOS 1 5079:Cancelled 4632:PureDarwin 4627:OpenDarwin 4195:iPod Touch 4027:15 Sequoia 4017:13 Ventura 4007:11 Big Sur 3947:10.4 Tiger 3618:Deprecated 3554:Quick Look 3534:Option key 3509:Menu extra 3469:Gatekeeper 3464:Foundation 3439:Cover Flow 3429:Core Video 3414:Core Image 3399:Core Audio 3334:Apple menu 2864:DVD Player 2859:Dictionary 2834:Calculator 2797:15 Sequoia 2787:13 Ventura 2777:11 Big Sur 2695:10.4 Tiger 2665:Server 1.0 2440:AFP Server 2146:October 7, 2107:Apple Inc. 2047:August 26, 1757:References 1542:NetInstall 1495:WebObjects 1438:Capistrano 1432:PostgreSQL 1221:Internet ( 960:, usually 908:PostgreSQL 869:Server app 835:Quick Look 762:FreeRADIUS 547:NetInstall 466:WebObjects 377:See also: 332:Web server 310:such as a 296:Apple Inc. 255:Commercial 228:monolithic 226:) (mostly 197:(Formerly 168:2021-12-08 151:1999-03-16 73:Written in 66:Apple Inc. 7227:directors 6940:iPodLinux 6918:#AppleToo 6881:Antitrust 6864:Community 6857:Codenames 6793:Criticism 6783:Ecosystem 6765:Get a Mac 6601:P.A. 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Wiley. 2091:March 14, 2069:March 14, 1657:Software 1420:(1.8.6), 1412:(5.8.8), 1352:Junk mail 1346:RoundCube 1279:connector 1210:systems ( 1208:Unix-like 910:replaces 752:Features: 742:Xserve G5 720:systems. 701:project ( 625:), LDAP ( 569:), LDAP ( 424:Macintosh 347:OS X Lion 298:based on 186:Platforms 104:Macintosh 97:OS family 61:Developer 7436:Category 7391:Founders 7248:Tim Cook 7225:Board of 7110:Jony Ive 7003:Eddy Cue 6979:Tim Cook 6685:Taligent 6531:EditGrid 6379:MobileMe 6203:iMessage 6193:FaceTime 6155:Podcasts 6121:Festival 6047:Services 6009:SceneKit 5864:visionOS 5847:bridgeOS 5765:Software 5620:Hardware 5496:Hardware 5487:Products 5396:Category 5369:bridgeOS 5364:T series 5333:visionOS 5311:Apple TV 5105:Vanguard 5098:Nukernel 5088:Taligent 5044:Shipped 4911:Desktop 4883:Rhapsody 4878:OpenStep 4873:NeXTSTEP 4850:Mac OS 9 4845:Mac OS 8 4840:System 7 4835:System 6 4830:System 5 4820:System 1 4791:MacWorks 4747:Apple II 4731:Apple II 4528:bridgeOS 4519:Embedded 4056:Software 4054:Apple TV 4045:Apple TV 3860:Mac OS X 3835:Mac OS X 3812:Rhapsody 3800:OpenStep 3795:NeXTSTEP 3705:Category 3494:Keychain 3374:CloudKit 3245:Terminal 3106:Sherlock 3044:Dashcode 2986:TextEdit 2981:Stickies 2929:Podcasts 2904:Messages 2869:FaceTime 2849:Contacts 2839:Calendar 2657:Mac OS X 2649:Versions 2640:Software 2433:Services 2204:July 31, 2178:July 31, 2169:Archived 1742:Net-SNMP 1652:failover 1606:Firewall 1590:server ( 1568:server ( 1248:Kerberos 1244:OpenLDAP 1198:SMB/CIFS 1076:", is a 854:iTunes U 627:OpenLDAP 571:OpenLDAP 474:FireWire 462:Mac OS X 446:OPENSTEP 442:Rhapsody 416:Mac Mini 342:server. 340:calendar 336:database 32:Mac OS X 7425:Italics 7264:Al Gore 7235:Current 6972:Current 6852:History 6738:Related 6632:Texture 6407:Flyover 6392:Fitness 6387:Find My 6308:ProCare 6280:Support 6257:Connect 6115:Up Next 5982:Numbers 5977:Keynote 5887:HomeKit 5877:CarPlay 5842:watchOS 5825:History 5793:iPhones 5776:systems 5736:Silicon 5724:HomePod 5673:AirPods 5625:History 5594:Shuffle 5573:Classic 5527:MacBook 5452:Outline 5447:History 5357:audioOS 5352:HomePod 5304:watchOS 5093:Copland 5068:MkLinux 4868:History 4786:Lisa OS 4679:Italics 4565:audioOS 4556:HomePod 4446:watchOS 3850:history 3805:GNUstep 3762:History 3751:derived 3693:Italics 3661:Inkwell 3609:XQuartz 3559:Rosetta 3499:launchd 3364:Bonjour 3319:AirDrop 3170:Console 3099:history 2944:Preview 2884:Grapher 2620:History 2560:Related 2460:NetBoot 1964:May 31, 1537:NetBoot 1489:Java SE 1442:Mongrel 1424:(1.2.3) 1416:(5.2), 1342:Webmail 1336:Mailman 1326:OpenSSL 1322:SSL/TLS 1316:Dovecot 1302:Postfix 1216:LPR/LPD 1204:2, IPP) 1194:Windows 1086:FreeBSD 1074:caldavd 1039:CardDAV 1027:Twisted 825:CardDAV 738:PowerPC 714:Mac Pro 699:Blojsom 639:Windows 619:Postfix 611:NetInfo 583:Windows 563:Postfix 543:NetBoot 539:NetInfo 510:NetBoot 470:NetBoot 420:Mac Pro 414:on the 373:History 270:at the 250:License 236:Default 166: ( 149: ( 7288:Former 7067:Former 6956:People 6913:Unions 6830:Design 6813:Campus 6788:Events 6693:Akamai 6650:Disney 6580:Metaio 6538:Emagic 6513:Beddit 6496:Anobit 6473:Claris 6463:Beddit 6443:Anobit 6397:Photos 6373:iCloud 6088:Arcade 6072:Wallet 6014:Shazam 6004:Safari 5967:iTunes 5959:iPhoto 5953:iMovie 5922:Motion 5852:Darwin 5830:Server 5788:iPadOS 5707:AirTag 5612:iPhone 5549:Studio 5287:Newton 5239:iPadOS 5232:iOS 18 5227:iOS 17 5222:iOS 16 5217:iOS 15 5212:iOS 14 5207:iOS 13 5202:iOS 12 5197:iOS 11 5192:iOS 10 5125:iPhone 5048:A/ROSE 5022:Server 4898:Darwin 4757:ProDOS 4389:iPadOS 4190:iPhone 3862:Server 3772:Darwin 3747:Darwin 3703:  3671:Spaces 3651:Carbon 3599:WebKit 3579:Stacks 3549:Quartz 3529:OpenCL 3504:Mach-O 3484:iCloud 3444:Darwin 3369:Bundle 3324:AppKit 3094:iTunes 3084:iPhoto 2959:Safari 2939:Photos 2874:Finder 2635:Server 2246:  1748: 1728:(SSH2) 1584:server 1578:server 1549:Server 1405:WebDAV 1396:Apache 1383:CalDAV 1366:ClamAV 1286:RADIUS 1227:WebDAV 1218:, IPP) 1145:Weblog 1135:until 1131:since 1082:ported 1078:daemon 1059:CalDAV 1043:WebDAV 1023:Python 902:, and 850:iTunes 840:A new 815:CalDAV 805:64-bit 783:GitHub 774:, the 758:RADIUS 718:Xserve 693:using 683:ClamAV 659:64-bit 615:Apache 559:Apache 506:WebDAV 502:Tomcat 490:Apache 468:, and 452:. 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Index

Calendar and Contacts Server
Mac OS X

Developer
Apple Inc.
Written in
C
C++
Objective-C
HTML
Macintosh
Unix
Closed-source
open-source
Final release
Available in
x86-64
PPC
IA-32
Kernel
Hybrid
XNU
monolithic
Default
user interface

Aqua
License
Commercial
proprietary software
Mac OS X Server
Wayback Machine

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