144:
Similar to the watered process, the
Schreiner process used ribbed rollers, though very fine, with as many as six hundred ribs per inch. Pressed flat under extremely high pressure, the threads receive little lines, which causes the fabric to reflect light better than a flat surface. The high luster of
64:
The wash durability of a calendered finish on thermoplastic fibers like polyester is higher than on cellulose fibers such as cotton, though each depends on the amount and type of finishing additives used and the machinery and process conditions employed. Durability of blended fabrics reflects the
60:
In preparation for calendering, the fabric is folded lengthwise with the front side, or face, inside, and stitched together along the edges. The fabric can be folded together at full width, however this is done less often as it is more difficult. The fabric is then run through rollers at high
153:
Historically calendering was done by hand with a huge pressing stone. For example, in China huge rocks were brought from the north of the
Yangtze River. The pressing stone was cut into a bowl shape, and the surface of the curved bottom made perfectly smooth. After a piece of cloth was placed
124:, is produced by using ribbed rollers. These rollers compress the cloth and the ribs produce the characteristic watermark effect by differentially moving and compressing threads. In the process some threads are left round while others get flattened some.
61:
temperatures and pressure that polish the surface and make the fabric smoother and more lustrous. Fabrics that go through the calendering process feel thin, glossy and papery.
136:
process uses rollers with engraved patterns, which become stamped onto the fabric, which gives the fabric a raised and sunken look. This works best with soft fabrics.
2105:
2003:
432:
366:
294:
257:
2029:
73:
Various finishes can be achieved through the calendering process by varying different aspects of the process. The main types are
1882:
398:
2100:
1843:
1912:
1957:
1095:
1983:
520:
425:
154:
underneath the stone the worker would stand on the stone and rock it with his feet to press the cloth.
1993:
1771:
1709:
820:
38:
1988:
1927:
1502:
1250:
780:
354:
2049:
1947:
1542:
1411:
1288:
735:
580:
112:. In the beetling process the fabric goes over wooden rollers and is beaten with wooden hammers.
1512:
655:
2090:
1998:
1942:
1809:
1746:
1436:
1393:
1085:
915:
750:
535:
394:
362:
329:
290:
253:
168:
133:
2059:
1858:
1713:
1517:
1477:
1316:
1025:
830:
610:
600:
585:
480:
418:
2034:
1487:
1401:
1326:
1275:
1205:
1005:
1000:
145:
cloth finished with the
Schreiner method can be made more lasting by heating the rollers.
41:
process used to smooth, coat, or thin a material. With textiles, fabric is passed between
2095:
2054:
1978:
1836:
1829:
1824:
1814:
1298:
1192:
1120:
1020:
920:
865:
855:
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755:
690:
540:
121:
46:
2084:
1907:
1872:
1848:
1819:
1588:
1568:
1492:
1379:
1369:
1354:
1341:
1115:
1035:
675:
630:
163:
2044:
1877:
1643:
1573:
1482:
1240:
1130:
975:
970:
960:
775:
500:
456:
45:
rollers at high temperatures and pressures. Calendering is used on fabrics such as
284:
247:
222:
189:
1781:
1693:
1583:
1578:
1507:
1461:
1306:
825:
815:
810:
795:
645:
615:
605:
1937:
1932:
1865:
1853:
1761:
1638:
1522:
1497:
1421:
1245:
1080:
1010:
935:
860:
845:
835:
805:
590:
545:
525:
510:
1922:
1653:
1603:
1527:
1321:
1260:
1215:
1030:
955:
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850:
770:
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740:
720:
595:
515:
505:
490:
283:
Cresswell, Lesley; Lawler, Barbara; Wilson, Helen; Watkins, Susanna (2002).
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17:
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1125:
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575:
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97:
42:
34:
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1739:
1688:
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1311:
1225:
1220:
1173:
1153:
1135:
1100:
1090:
1055:
1040:
965:
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905:
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765:
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715:
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695:
635:
570:
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530:
495:
441:
50:
2019:
1952:
1793:
1628:
1618:
1598:
1537:
1426:
1331:
1255:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1110:
1065:
1050:
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985:
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945:
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790:
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685:
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650:
620:
565:
555:
470:
101:
54:
2024:
1962:
1727:
1683:
1668:
1663:
1633:
1623:
1554:
1374:
1235:
1200:
1180:
1105:
1075:
1070:
1060:
990:
890:
730:
725:
665:
109:
105:
2069:
1698:
1678:
1613:
1608:
1593:
1364:
1359:
1283:
1045:
995:
414:
393:. East Asian Research Center, Harvard University. p. 34.
410:
65:
above, and the proportion of synthetic fiber component.
1887:
1863:
1834:
1800:
1791:
1737:
1178:
391:
2012:
1971:
1900:
1707:
1553:
1470:
1392:
1340:
1297:
1274:
1191:
1144:
455:
448:
426:
8:
194:. Fairchild publishing company. p. 106
452:
433:
419:
411:
359:Caribbean Home Economics in Action, Book 3
323:
321:
319:
317:
315:
313:
49:to produce its watered effect and also on
353:Alexander, Theadora; et al. (2002).
355:"Clothing and Textiles: Fabric Finishes"
227:. Lord & Nagle Co. 1907. p. 118
217:
215:
213:
211:
209:
180:
278:
276:
7:
252:. Frances Lincoln ltd. p. 24.
120:The watered finish, also known as
25:
334:. D. Appleton. pp. 274–275
108:cloth, and makes it look like
1:
328:Nystrom, Paul Henry (1916).
1888:
1864:
1835:
1801:
1792:
1738:
1179:
2124:
2106:Textile finishing machines
361:. Heinemann. p. 129.
289:. Heinemann. p. 36.
2055:Swatches and strike-offs
1958:Vitale Barberis Canonico
246:Paine, Melanie (1999).
188:Harmuth, Louis (1915).
1096:Vinyl coated polyester
191:Dictionary of Textiles
1972:Manufacturingindustry
100:is a finish given to
1928:Holland & Sherry
224:Textile World Record
2030:History of textiles
389:Chao, Kang (1977).
286:Textiles Technology
2101:Textile techniques
1883:Woodblock printing
1412:Conductive textile
581:Cedar bark textile
53:and some types of
2078:
2077:
1437:Lenticular fabric
1388:
1387:
1086:Vegetable flannel
27:Finishing process
16:(Redirected from
2113:
2060:Synthetic fabric
1893:
1869:
1859:Textile printing
1840:
1806:
1797:
1743:
1317:Machine knitting
1251:Velours du Kasaï
1184:
453:
435:
428:
421:
412:
405:
404:
386:
380:
379:
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350:
344:
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280:
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185:
21:
2123:
2122:
2116:
2115:
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2112:
2111:
2110:
2081:
2080:
2079:
2074:
2035:History of silk
2008:
1967:
1896:
1844:Roller printing
1716:
1703:
1549:
1538:Tartan or plaid
1466:
1402:Ballistic nylon
1384:
1336:
1293:
1270:
1187:
1146:
1140:
1006:Seerhand muslin
444:
439:
409:
408:
401:
388:
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118:
95:
71:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2121:
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2062:
2057:
2052:
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2037:
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2027:
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2016:
2014:
2010:
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2007:
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1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
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1898:
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1895:
1894:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1832:
1830:Rogan printing
1827:
1825:Parchmentising
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1798:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
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1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1559:
1557:
1555:Textile fibers
1551:
1550:
1548:
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1535:
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1520:
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1510:
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1377:
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1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
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1338:
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1329:
1324:
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1295:
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1263:
1258:
1253:
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1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1197:
1195:
1189:
1188:
1186:
1185:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1150:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1139:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
841:Linsey-woolsey
838:
833:
828:
823:
821:Kijōka-bashōfu
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
756:Grenfell Cloth
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
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628:
623:
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583:
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568:
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558:
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548:
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523:
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508:
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498:
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483:
478:
473:
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415:
407:
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381:
367:
345:
309:
295:
272:
258:
238:
205:
179:
178:
176:
173:
172:
171:
166:
159:
156:
150:
147:
141:
138:
129:
126:
117:
114:
94:
91:
70:
67:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2119:
2118:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2088:
2086:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1984:Manufacturing
1982:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1974:
1970:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1908:Carlo Barbera
1906:
1905:
1903:
1899:
1892:
1891:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1873:Warp printing
1871:
1868:
1867:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1849:Sanforization
1847:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1838:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1810:Mercerization
1808:
1805:
1804:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
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1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:(Manila hemp)
1564:
1561:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1552:
1544:
1541:
1540:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
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1504:
1501:
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1455:
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1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1397:
1395:
1391:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1370:Needlerun net
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1355:Carbon fibers
1353:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1302:
1300:
1296:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1273:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1196:
1194:
1190:
1183:
1182:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1149:
1143:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
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719:
717:
714:
712:
709:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
676:Donegal tweed
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
659:
657:
654:
652:
649:
647:
644:
642:
639:
637:
634:
632:
631:Cloth of gold
629:
627:
624:
622:
619:
617:
614:
612:
609:
607:
604:
602:
599:
597:
594:
592:
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481:Almerían silk
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19:
1994:Preservation
1901:Fabric mills
1878:Waxed cotton
1756:
1483:Bizarre silk
1241:Polar fleece
976:Saga Nishiki
971:Russell cord
776:Harris tweed
521:Brilliantine
501:Bedford cord
467:(Medriñaque)
390:
384:
372:. Retrieved
358:
348:
336:. Retrieved
330:
300:. Retrieved
285:
263:. Retrieved
249:Fabric Magic
248:
241:
229:. Retrieved
223:
196:. Retrieved
190:
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30:
29:
2004:Terminology
1989:Performance
1837:Rōketsuzome
1782:Heatsetting
1757:Calendering
1747:Bògòlanfini
1694:Spider silk
1508:Houndstooth
1503:Herringbone
1462:Windstopper
1307:Boiled wool
826:Kente cloth
816:Khaki drill
796:Irish linen
781:Herringbone
646:Cotton duck
606:Cheesecloth
465:Abacá cloth
31:Calendering
18:Calendering
2085:Categories
1938:Loro Piana
1933:Larusmiani
1866:Tsutsugaki
1854:Tenterhook
1762:Decatising
1639:Microfiber
1543:Tattersall
1523:Pinstripes
1498:Glen plaid
1422:E-textiles
1289:Cedar bark
1246:Terrycloth
1193:Pile woven
1081:Ultrasuede
1011:Seersucker
936:Perpetuana
861:Madapollam
806:Kerseymere
591:Char cloth
546:Byrd Cloth
526:Broadcloth
511:Beta cloth
400:0674200217
175:References
69:Variations
2050:Shrinkage
1999:Recycling
1923:E. Thomas
1772:Finishing
1710:Finishing
1654:Polyester
1604:Eisengarn
1528:Polka dot
1394:Technical
1322:Milliskin
1261:Velveteen
1216:Crimplene
1031:Shot silk
956:Rayadillo
951:Rakematiz
851:Longcloth
771:Haircloth
761:Grosgrain
751:Grenadine
741:Ghalamkar
736:Georgette
721:Gabardine
596:Charmeuse
516:Bombazine
506:Bengaline
491:Barkcloth
169:Mercerize
140:Schreiner
134:embossing
87:Schreiner
83:embossing
39:finishing
2091:Textiles
2040:Knitting
1943:Piacenza
1918:Dormeuil
1803:Katazome
1787:Indienne
1733:Beetling
1723:Androsia
1714:printing
1674:Sea silk
1649:Pashmina
1589:Cashmere
1533:Shweshwe
1471:Patterns
1457:SympaTex
1452:Stub-tex
1442:Silnylon
1432:Gore-Tex
1350:Bobbinet
1276:Nonwoven
1266:Zibeline
1231:Moquette
1211:Corduroy
1206:Chenille
1145:Figured
1126:Whipcord
926:Paduasoy
911:Osnaburg
881:Nainsook
871:Moleskin
856:Mackinaw
701:Eolienne
661:Cretonne
641:Corduroy
576:Capilene
571:Chambray
551:C change
486:Barathea
476:Armazine
331:Textiles
158:See also
128:Embossed
98:Beetling
75:beetling
43:calender
35:textiles
2065:Weaving
2013:Related
1913:Cerruti
1777:Fulling
1752:Burnout
1740:Bingata
1689:Spandex
1569:Acrylic
1518:Paisley
1447:Spandex
1417:Darlexx
1407:Ban-Lon
1312:Coolmax
1299:Knitted
1226:Mockado
1221:Fustian
1174:Songket
1154:Brocade
1136:Zorbeez
1101:Viyella
1091:Ventile
1056:Ticking
1041:Taffeta
1001:Scarlet
966:Ripstop
931:Percale
916:Ottoman
906:Organza
901:Organdy
896:Oilskin
886:Nankeen
801:Jamdani
766:Habutai
746:Gingham
716:Fustian
711:Foulard
706:Flannel
696:Drugget
636:Cordura
611:Chiffon
601:Charvet
586:Challis
561:Cambric
536:Bunting
531:Buckram
496:Batiste
374:July 8,
338:July 8,
302:July 8,
265:July 8,
231:July 8,
198:July 8,
149:History
116:Watered
93:Beetled
79:watered
55:sateens
51:cambric
2020:Dyeing
1979:Design
1953:Scabal
1794:Kasuri
1767:Devoré
1644:Olefin
1629:Mohair
1619:Kevlar
1599:Cotton
1579:Angora
1574:Alpaca
1513:Kelsch
1478:Argyle
1427:Gannex
1342:Netted
1332:Velour
1327:Jersey
1256:Velvet
1169:Lampas
1164:Damask
1159:Camlet
1131:Zephyr
1116:Waffle
1111:Wadmal
1066:Tucuyo
1051:Tartan
1016:Sendal
986:Sateen
981:Samite
946:Poplin
941:Pongee
921:Oxford
876:Muslin
866:Madras
791:Hodden
786:Himroo
686:Dowlas
681:Dornix
671:Dimity
651:Coutil
626:Cloqué
621:Chintz
566:Canvas
556:Calico
541:Burlap
471:Aertex
442:Fabric
397:
365:
293:
256:
102:cotton
85:, and
2096:Paper
2045:Pandy
2025:Fiber
1963:Zegna
1890:Yūzen
1815:Moire
1728:Batik
1684:Sisal
1669:Rayon
1664:Ramie
1634:Nylon
1624:Linen
1584:Bashō
1563:Abacá
1493:Chiné
1488:Check
1380:Tulle
1375:Ninon
1236:Plush
1201:Baize
1181:Rinzu
1147:woven
1121:Wigan
1106:Voile
1076:Twill
1071:Tweed
1061:Toile
1036:Stuff
1026:Scrim
1021:Serge
991:Satin
891:Ninon
846:Loden
811:Khādī
731:Gazar
726:Gauze
691:Drill
666:Denim
656:Crêpe
616:Chino
457:Woven
449:Types
122:moire
110:satin
106:linen
47:moire
37:is a
2070:Yarn
1948:Reda
1699:Wool
1679:Silk
1659:Piña
1614:Jute
1609:Hemp
1594:Coir
1365:Mesh
1360:Lace
1284:Felt
1046:Tais
996:Saye
836:Lawn
831:Lamé
395:ISBN
376:2009
363:ISBN
340:2009
304:2009
291:ISBN
267:2009
254:ISBN
233:2009
200:2009
132:The
104:and
1820:Nap
1712:and
961:Rep
33:of
2087::
357:.
312:^
275:^
208:^
89:.
81:,
77:,
57:.
434:e
427:t
420:v
403:.
378:.
342:.
306:.
269:.
235:.
202:.
20:)
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