320:, and comprised four dorsal osteoderms. Two small squarish osteoderms formed the outside of the row (about 10 by 10 cm), and two much broader osteoderms (approximately 20 by 10 cm) formed the inside of the row and covered most of the back. Each of the lateral osteoderms have a raised boss towards the centre at the posterior end of the osteoderm, and are almost bent around the side of the creature, with a dorsal flange along the back contacting the paramedian (dorsal) osteoderms and a lateral flange running a little way down the side. This would probably have given it quite a boxy look. The paramedian osteoderms also have a raised boss, called a dorsal eminence, in the posterior centre of the osteoderm but do not bend around in the same manner. There are ventral osteoderms known, but they have not been preserved in the natural alignment as the dorsal and lateral osteoderms have and so we are uncertain how they were arranged. They appear to have been flat and rectangular.
1161:
598:
126:
1179:
468:
proper. This is because more material from the same species has been discovered, including a dentary bone, a possible maxilla, and further vertebrae from the neck and trunk. A femur, tibia, and additional osteoderms have also been found.
577:
Heckert AB, Lucas SG. 2000. Taxonomy, phylogeny, biostratigraphy, biochronology, paleobiogeography, and evolution of the Late
Triassic Aetosauria (Archosauria: Crurotarsi) Zentralblatt für Geologie und Paläontologie Teil I 1998 Heft
568:
Long RA, Ballew KL. 1985. Aetosaur dermal armor from the late
Triassic of southwestern North America, with special reference to material from the Chinle Formation of Petrified Forest National Park.
559:
Case EC. 1932. A perfectly preserved segment of the armor of a phytosaur, with associated vertebrae. Contributions from the Museum of
Paleontology. University of Michigan 4:57-80.
587:
Long RA, Murry PA. 1995. Late
Triassic (Carnian and Norian) tetrapods from the southwestern United States. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 4:1-254
1244:
503:(Archosauria: Pseudosuchia: Aetosauria) from the Late Triassic of the Southwestern United States with a discussion of genera in vertebrate paleontology"
446:
was named by Long and Ballew (1985) on the basis of UMMP 13950, an partial carapace with a vertebral column and pelvis that had been discovered in the
1313:
1231:
378:
and arches are elongated in all the vertebrae along the trunk, and their centra have a concave anterior face and a flat posterior face. They are
1308:
1303:
631:
1298:
1160:
312:
was estimated to have been four metres long, or possibly larger, with a maximum carapace width of almost seventy centimetres. The
435:
is also quite gracile and shorter than the femur. The distal end bears a deep groove for articulation with the ankle bones.
335:- no other cranial bones have been assigned to it with certainty. Only a middle part of the dentary is present, with an
125:
394:
number at least seventeen, with very tall neural spines (taller than the centrum is) and low-attached caudal ribs. The
370:
protrude. Most of these are broken. The centrum of the axis is slightly wider than it is tall, but those of the other
624:
458:
in a 1932 paper. Although publications in the 1990s and early 2000s treated the genus as a junior synonym of
1199:
390:
are very robust, and not fused unlike those of desmatosuchians. There are only two sacral vertebrae. The
1270:
719:
451:
617:
603:
1182:
371:
120:
1275:
1257:
1249:
1043:
917:
542:
524:
447:
431:, and has a pronounced crescent-shaped ridge near the proximal end. In a similar fashion, the
1262:
1067:
990:
805:
532:
514:
391:
219:
417:
are short and quite curved, with thickened areas and rugosities near the ends. Much of the
1018:
948:
688:
340:
1132:
1087:
1000:
941:
855:
537:
498:
363:
1292:
1110:
1103:
1059:
1035:
981:
962:
899:
884:
876:
835:
793:
427:
375:
290:
72:
30:
1007:
955:
892:
869:
815:
704:
679:
460:
418:
383:
367:
245:
193:
1118:
934:
455:
410:
47:
1222:
1125:
926:
906:
828:
670:
593:
406:
336:
92:
57:
528:
843:
313:
180:
137:
97:
41:
546:
1216:
779:
757:
731:
664:
640:
395:
332:
317:
286:
282:
206:
157:
87:
82:
67:
62:
52:
316:
were not entirely fused. Each row of the osteoderms corresponded to one
1236:
1075:
519:
414:
356:
348:
275:
167:
102:
77:
379:
658:
402:
387:
147:
34:
1193:
421:
is slender, but the distal end expands until it is quite broad. The
432:
422:
344:
324:
298:
278:
1197:
651:
613:
294:
609:
398:
had all seventeen of the first caudal vertebrae articulated.
362:
The vertebrae have keels, unusually among aetosaurs, and the
355:
has five dental alveoli, and probably contacted the external
293:. Like other aetosaurs, it was heavily armored and had a
366:
has a noticeable concavity in the sides above which the
464:, recent work has found it generically distinct from
252:
1206:
1086:
1017:
989:
980:
916:
854:
814:
803:
777:
730:
703:
454:, who only went as far to assign the specimen to
382:-shaped, typically for aetosaur vertebrae. Their
347:are preserved except a few fragments of root. A
625:
8:
1194:
1027:
986:
861:
820:
811:
785:
774:
709:
700:
648:
632:
618:
610:
20:
536:
518:
478:
7:
501:Calyptosuchus (Stagonolepis) wellesi
492:
490:
488:
486:
484:
482:
274:(meaning "covered crocodile") is an
351:assigned with partial certainty to
14:
497:Parker, William G. (2018-02-02).
1314:Prehistoric pseudosuchian genera
1178:
1177:
1159:
596:
124:
413:are short, but very broad. The
374:are taller than they are wide.
339:patch to the anterior and nine
1:
1309:Fossil taxa described in 1985
409:and thickened peduncles. The
1304:Late Triassic pseudosuchians
450:of western Texas in 1931 by
425:is gracile, or more so than
327:fragment that is certainly
297:-like snout used to uproot
1330:
1299:Aetosaurs of North America
1173:
1156:
1030:
864:
823:
788:
773:
754:
712:
699:
647:
251:
244:
121:Scientific classification
119:
23:
16:Extinct genus of reptiles
405:are known, with ventral
386:are large and deep. The
262:Long & Ballew ,1985
239:Long & Ballew, 1985
1271:Paleobiology Database
257:Calyptosuchus wellesi
604:Paleontology portal
520:10.7717/peerj.4291
499:"Redescription of
372:cervical vertebrae
1286:
1285:
1258:Open Tree of Life
1200:Taxon identifiers
1191:
1190:
1169:
1168:
1154:
1153:
1150:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1091:(Desmatosuchinae
1044:Aetobarbakinoides
976:
975:
972:
971:
918:Paratypothoracini
769:
768:
765:
764:
750:
749:
452:Ermin Cowles Case
448:Tecovas Formation
267:
266:
240:
1321:
1279:
1278:
1266:
1265:
1253:
1252:
1240:
1239:
1227:
1226:
1225:
1195:
1181:
1180:
1164:
1163:
1068:Neoaetosauroides
1028:
991:Stagonolepidinae
987:
862:
821:
812:
806:Stagonolepididae
786:
775:
710:
701:
694:
693:
649:
634:
627:
620:
611:
606:
601:
600:
599:
588:
585:
579:
575:
569:
566:
560:
557:
551:
550:
540:
522:
494:
392:caudal vertebrae
388:sacral vertebrae
343:posteriorly. No
254:
238:
231:
220:Stagonolepididae
218:
205:
129:
128:
114:
44:
29:Temporal range:
21:
1329:
1328:
1324:
1323:
1322:
1320:
1319:
1318:
1289:
1288:
1287:
1282:
1274:
1269:
1261:
1256:
1248:
1243:
1235:
1230:
1221:
1220:
1215:
1202:
1192:
1187:
1165:
1158:
1138:
1092:
1090:
1082:
1021:
1019:Desmatosuchinae
1013:
968:
949:Rioarribasuchus
912:
850:
808:
799:
782:
761:
746:
726:
695:
689:Aetosauriformes
654:
653:
643:
638:
602:
597:
595:
592:
591:
586:
582:
578:11–12:1539-1587
576:
572:
567:
563:
558:
554:
496:
495:
480:
475:
441:
307:
263:
260:
237:
229:
216:
203:
123:
115:
113:
112:
111:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
39:
38:
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1327:
1325:
1317:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1291:
1290:
1284:
1283:
1281:
1280:
1267:
1254:
1241:
1228:
1212:
1210:
1204:
1203:
1198:
1189:
1188:
1186:
1185:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1148:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1137:
1136:
1133:Sierritasuchus
1129:
1122:
1115:
1107:
1099:
1097:
1088:Desmatosuchini
1084:
1083:
1081:
1080:
1072:
1064:
1056:
1048:
1040:
1031:
1025:
1015:
1014:
1012:
1011:
1004:
1001:Polesinesuchus
996:
994:
984:
978:
977:
974:
973:
970:
969:
967:
966:
959:
952:
945:
942:Paratypothorax
938:
931:
922:
920:
914:
913:
911:
910:
903:
896:
889:
881:
873:
865:
859:
856:Typothoracinae
852:
851:
849:
848:
840:
832:
824:
818:
809:
804:
801:
800:
798:
797:
789:
783:
778:
771:
770:
767:
766:
763:
762:
755:
752:
751:
748:
747:
745:
744:
743:
742:
736:
734:
728:
727:
725:
724:
723:
722:
713:
707:
697:
696:
692:
691:
682:
673:
667:
661:
652:
645:
644:
639:
637:
636:
629:
622:
614:
608:
607:
590:
589:
580:
570:
561:
552:
477:
476:
474:
471:
440:
439:Classification
437:
403:pelvic girdles
341:dental alveoli
306:
303:
285:from the Late
265:
264:
261:
249:
248:
242:
241:
227:
223:
222:
214:
210:
209:
201:
197:
196:
191:
184:
183:
178:
171:
170:
165:
161:
160:
155:
151:
150:
145:
141:
140:
135:
131:
130:
117:
116:
108:
107:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
45:
28:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1326:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1296:
1294:
1277:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1233:
1229:
1224:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1208:Calyptosuchus
1205:
1201:
1196:
1184:
1176:
1175:
1172:
1162:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1128:
1127:
1123:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1111:Gorgetosuchus
1108:
1106:
1105:
1104:Desmatosuchus
1101:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1094:sensu stricto
1089:
1085:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1062:
1061:
1060:Chilenosuchus
1057:
1054:
1053:
1052:Calyptosuchus
1049:
1046:
1045:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1036:Adamanasuchus
1033:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1010:
1009:
1005:
1003:
1002:
998:
997:
995:
992:
988:
985:
983:
982:Desmatosuchia
979:
965:
964:
963:Venkatasuchus
960:
958:
957:
953:
951:
950:
946:
944:
943:
939:
937:
936:
932:
929:
928:
924:
923:
921:
919:
915:
909:
908:
904:
902:
901:
900:Redondasuchus
897:
895:
894:
890:
887:
886:
885:Gorgetosuchus
882:
879:
878:
877:Chilenosuchus
874:
872:
871:
867:
866:
863:
860:
857:
853:
846:
845:
841:
838:
837:
836:Coahomasuchus
833:
831:
830:
826:
825:
822:
819:
817:
813:
810:
807:
802:
796:
795:
794:Aetosauroides
791:
790:
787:
784:
781:
776:
772:
760:
759:
753:
740:
739:
738:
737:
735:
733:
729:
721:
717:
716:
715:
714:
711:
708:
706:
702:
698:
690:
686:
683:
681:
677:
674:
672:
668:
666:
662:
660:
656:
655:
650:
646:
642:
635:
630:
628:
623:
621:
616:
615:
612:
605:
594:
584:
581:
574:
571:
565:
562:
556:
553:
548:
544:
539:
534:
530:
526:
521:
516:
512:
508:
504:
502:
493:
491:
489:
487:
485:
483:
479:
472:
470:
467:
463:
462:
457:
453:
449:
445:
444:Calyptosuchus
438:
436:
434:
430:
429:
428:Desmatosuchus
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
399:
397:
393:
389:
385:
384:neural canals
381:
377:
376:Neural spines
373:
369:
365:
364:axis vertebra
360:
358:
354:
353:Calyptosuchus
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
329:Calyptosuchus
326:
321:
319:
315:
311:
310:Calyptosuchus
304:
302:
300:
296:
292:
291:North America
288:
284:
280:
277:
273:
272:
271:Calyptosuchus
259:
258:
250:
247:
243:
236:
235:
234:Calyptosuchus
228:
225:
224:
221:
215:
212:
211:
208:
202:
199:
198:
195:
192:
189:
186:
185:
182:
179:
176:
173:
172:
169:
166:
163:
162:
159:
156:
153:
152:
149:
146:
143:
142:
139:
136:
133:
132:
127:
122:
118:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
43:
36:
32:
31:Late Triassic
26:
25:Calyptosuchus
22:
19:
1207:
1131:
1124:
1117:
1109:
1102:
1093:
1074:
1066:
1058:
1051:
1050:
1042:
1034:
1022:
1008:Stagonolepis
1006:
999:
961:
956:Tecovasuchus
954:
947:
940:
933:
925:
905:
898:
893:Kryphioparma
891:
883:
875:
870:Apachesuchus
868:
842:
834:
827:
816:Aetosaurinae
792:
756:
720:Pseudosuchia
705:Pseudosuchia
684:
680:Pseudosuchia
675:
583:
573:
564:
555:
510:
506:
500:
466:Stagonolepis
465:
461:Stagonolepis
459:
443:
442:
426:
411:iliac blades
400:
368:zygapophyses
361:
359:at a point.
352:
333:dentary bone
328:
322:
309:
308:
270:
269:
268:
256:
255:
246:Type species
233:
232:
194:Pseudosuchia
187:
174:
24:
18:
1119:Longosuchus
935:Kocurypelta
456:Phytosauria
305:Description
181:Archosauria
1293:Categories
1126:Lucasuchus
1023:sensu lato
927:Garzapelta
907:Typothorax
829:Aetosaurus
780:Aetosauria
758:Aetosauria
741:see below↓
732:Aetosauria
671:Sauropsida
641:Aetosauria
473:References
337:edentulous
314:osteoderms
207:Aetosauria
844:Stenomyti
657:Kingdom:
529:2167-8359
513:: e4291.
407:acetabula
323:The only
144:Kingdom:
138:Eukaryota
40:219
1223:Q5024698
1217:Wikidata
1183:Category
665:Chordata
663:Phylum:
659:Animalia
547:29416953
401:Several
396:holotype
318:vertebra
287:Triassic
283:aetosaur
213:Family:
168:Reptilia
158:Chordata
154:Phylum:
148:Animalia
134:Domain:
1263:4129727
1250:1033348
1237:4818105
1076:Scutarx
669:Class:
538:5798403
349:maxilla
276:extinct
226:Genus:
200:Order:
164:Class:
109:↓
545:
535:
527:
415:ischia
299:plants
35:Norian
33:, mid
1276:69071
1245:IRMNG
685:Clade
676:Clade
507:PeerJ
433:tibia
423:femur
419:pubis
380:spool
357:naris
345:teeth
331:is a
325:skull
279:genus
188:Clade
175:Clade
1232:GBIF
718:see
543:PMID
525:ISSN
48:PreꞒ
533:PMC
515:doi
295:pig
289:of
281:of
37:, ~
1295::
1273::
1260::
1247::
1234::
1219::
687::
678::
541:.
531:.
523:.
509:.
505:.
481:^
301:.
190::
177::
98:Pg
42:Ma
1114:?
1096:)
1079:?
1071:?
1063:?
1055:?
1047:?
1039:?
993:?
930:?
888:?
880:?
858:?
847:?
839:?
633:e
626:t
619:v
549:.
517::
511:6
253:†
230:†
217:†
204:†
103:N
93:K
88:J
83:T
78:P
73:C
68:D
63:S
58:O
53:Ꞓ
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