102:
849:
142:
120:
260:) genera noted as "bizarre" or "orphan" taxa, meaning that their affinities with other animals, living or extinct, have long been uncertain. While initially defined as an "informal stem group," later work with better-preserved fossils has strengthened the argument for Cambroernida as a monophyletic clade.
329:
was even more simple, with a thick immobile stolon leading up to a tentacle-bearing calyx (cup-shaped main body). The eldoniids (also known as eldonioids or eldonids) were diverse and disc-shaped, commonly described as "medusiform", i.e.
317:. They are united by a set of common features including at least one pair of bifurcated or divided oral tentacles, and a large stomach and narrower intestine enclosed together in a coiled sac.
893:
790:
MacGabhann, Breandán Anraoi; Murray, John (2010). "Non-mineralised discoidal fossils from the
Ordovician Bardahessiagh Formation, Co. Tyrone, Ireland".
624:
294:. However, this interpretation has more recently been considered unlikely relative to the deuterostome hypothesis for cambroernid origins.
886:
334:-shaped. Though the lifestyle of eldoniids is still debated, it can be agreed that they had a large curved stomach and no stolon.
509:"Tentaculate fossils from the Cambrian of Canada (British Columbia) and China (Yunnan) interpreted as primitive deuterostomes"
922:
917:
879:
141:
655:"Revision of the Cambrian discoidal animals Stellostomites eumorphus and Pararotadiscus guizhouensis from South China"
705:
Lefebvre, Bertrand; Van Roy, Peter; Zamora, Samuel; Gutiérrez-Marco, Juan Carlos; Nohejlová, Martina (2022-03-31).
566:
Li, Yujing; Dunn, Frances S.; Murdock, Duncan J.E.; Guo, Jin; Rahman, Imran A.; Cong, Peiyun (May 10, 2023).
101:
252:
animals with coiled bodies and filamentous tentacles. They include a number of early to middle
Paleozoic (
912:
654:
444:
321:
has a segmented and clockwise-curved body attached to the substrate via a narrow and partially mobile
718:
666:
520:
456:
848:
297:
Cambroernids encompass three particular types of enigmatic animals first appearing in the
Cambrian:
707:"The Late Ordovician Tafilalt Biota, Anti-Atlas, Morocco: a high-latitude perspective on the GOBE"
418:
393:
825:
817:
742:
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480:
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863:
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538:
528:
464:
445:"Paleobiology of a three-dimensionally preserved paropsonemid from the Devonian of New York"
722:
670:
524:
460:
278:. Previously some cambroernids were compared to members of the broad invertebrate clade
119:
543:
508:
379:
372:
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678:
906:
829:
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597:
484:
344:
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211:
110:
59:
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176:
568:"Cambrian stem-group ambulacrarians and the nature of the ancestral deuterostome"
533:
468:
507:
Caron, J.; Conway Morris, S.; Shu, D.; Soares, D. (2010). Soares, Daphne (ed.).
386:
34:
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44:
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84:
803:
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39:
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128:
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64:
812:
859:
322:
287:
163:
245:
653:
Zhu, Mao-Yan; Zhao, Yuan-Long; Chen, Jun-Yuan (2002-03-01).
625:"Mode of life of the Middle Cambrian eldonioid lophophorate
263:
One leading hypothesis is that cambroernids were unusual
867:
760:
Chen, Jun-yuan; Zhu, Mao-yan; Zhou, Gui-qing (1995).
443:
Hagadorn, James W.; Allmon, Warren D. (2019-01-01).
623:Dzik, Jerzy; Yuanlong, Zhao; Maoyan, Zhu (1997).
449:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
711:Geological Society, London, Special Publications
451:. Studies in Honor of Prof. David J. Bottjer.
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8:
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20:
811:
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762:"The Early Cambrian medusiform metazoan
282:; in particularly they were allied with
432:
286:, a subset of lophotrochozoans bearing
197:Caron, Conway Morris, & Shu, 2010
7:
845:
843:
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698:
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438:
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866:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
14:
847:
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792:Irish Journal of Earth Sciences
766:from the Chenjiang Lagerstätte"
1:
773:Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
679:10.1016/S0016-6995(02)00025-6
534:10.1371/journal.pone.0009586
469:10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.08.007
939:
855:This article related to a
842:
581:10.1016/j.cub.2023.04.048
207:
202:
137:Scientific classification
135:
126:
117:
108:
99:
23:
16:Extinct clade of animals
804:10.3318/IJES.2010.28.1
923:Cambrian animal stubs
918:Burgess Shale fossils
731:10.1144/sp485-2022-29
723:2022GSLSP.485....5L
671:2002Geobi..35..165Z
525:2010PLoSO...5.9586C
461:2019PPP...513..208H
290:tentacles known as
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30:Cambrian–Devonian
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407:Unnamed Eldoniid
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31:
27:Temporal range:
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572:Current Biology
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665:(2): 165–185.
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397:
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380:Pararotadiscus
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373:Stellostomites
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338:List of genera
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280:Lophotrochozoa
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797:
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779:(3): 213–244.
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642:(2): 385–396.
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636:Palaeontology
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345:Herpetogaster
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319:Herpetogaster
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300:Herpetogaster
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284:lophophorates
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276:hemichordates
273:
270:, related to
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268:deuterostomes
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265:ambulacrarian
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913:Cambroernids
868:expanding it
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601:. Retrieved
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519:(3): e9586.
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419:Discophyllum
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394:Vellumbrella
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242:cambroernids
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193:Cambroernida
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177:Ambulacraria
170:
127:
109:
24:Cambroernids
18:
717:(1): 5–35.
455:: 208–214.
387:Paropsonema
292:lophophores
272:echinoderms
248:of unusual
907:Categories
813:10395/2407
627:Rotadiscus
427:References
401:Brzechowia
366:Rotadiscus
313:, and the
305:type genus
230:Eldonioids
171:Stem group
830:129593969
747:247351043
739:0305-8719
687:0016-6995
598:258592223
485:133683311
477:0031-0182
352:Phlogites
332:jellyfish
327:Phlogites
325:(stalk).
315:eldoniids
310:Phlogites
250:Paleozoic
226:Eldoniids
219:Phlogites
160:Kingdom:
154:Eukaryota
857:Cambrian
822:25780702
798:: 1–12.
590:37167976
553:20221405
513:PLOS ONE
288:ciliated
258:Devonian
254:Cambrian
164:Animalia
150:Domain:
764:Eldonia
719:Bibcode
667:Bibcode
659:Geobios
544:2833208
521:Bibcode
457:Bibcode
412:Seputus
359:Eldonia
129:Eldonia
860:animal
828:
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745:
737:
685:
603:11 May
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541:
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323:stolon
244:are a
862:is a
826:S2CID
818:JSTOR
769:(PDF)
743:S2CID
632:(PDF)
594:S2CID
481:S2CID
303:(the
246:clade
228:" / "
184:Clade
864:stub
735:ISSN
683:ISSN
605:2023
586:PMID
549:PMID
473:ISSN
274:and
240:The
35:Preęž’
808:hdl
800:doi
727:doi
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675:doi
576:doi
539:PMC
529:doi
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256:to
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