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ranges between 1000 and 10,000, but even 500–800 colony forming units (CFU) has also been reported to cause disease. The bacteria can also be transmitted to humans via direct contact with infected animals. Usually the incubation time after ingestion ranges between 24 and 72 hours, but incubation
337:
are thought to be mainly transmitted to humans via handling and eating raw or undercooked meat or other contaminated food products, but due to their broad natural reservoir, they can also be transmitted via soil and water. Other known sources of
422:
Campylobacteriosis is often self-limiting infection, which is treated according to the symptoms, for example with electrolyte replacement and rehydration. While extra fluid is required of an infected person for as long as the symptoms lasts,
315:
established that spiral form bacteria were noted in the stool specimen and large intestinal mucus of neonates (an infant less than 4 weeks), and kittens. However, it was not until 1957, as widely spread as the bacteria were,
431:
spp. has been reported to be progressively resistant to several antibiotics, including fluoroquinolones and macrolides. Although most patients recover from the infection, severe post-infectious complications such as
427:
such as azithromycin or ciprofloxacin can be used to treat risk groups, including immunocompromised patients. Due to the increased antibiotic usage in both animal agriculture and human populations,
1117:
558:"Taxonomic Study of the Genus Campylobacter Sebald and Véron and Designation of the Neotype Strain for the Type Species, Campylobacter fetus (Smith and Taylor) Sebald and Véron"
390:
are microaerophilic, fastidious organisms that become stressed in aerobic condition, temperature variations, osmotic balances, and starvation . However, in the community of
436:, a rare autoimmune condition which causes muscle weakness as a result of the immune system damaging the peripheral nervous system, have been linked to campylobacteriosis.
410:
Campylobacteriosis is characterized by symptoms including high fever, headache, nausea, abdominal cramps, and diarrhoea, sometimes bloody. Foodborne infections caused by
379:. This toxin has DNase activity, which causes DNA double-strand breaks during the cell cycle G2 phase, leading eventually to cell apoptosis in HeLa and Caco-2 cells.
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spp. can be diagnosed by isolation of the organism from faeces and identification by growth-dependent tests, immunological assays, or genomic analyses.
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740:"Maximal adherence and invasion of INT 407 cells by Campylobacter jejuni requires the CadF outer-membrane protein and microfilament reorganization"
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402:; this explains the increasing survival and transmission of the strains during stressful processing and storage conditions (Karki et al., 2019).
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44:
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grows slowly with an optimum temperature of 42 °C. When exposed to air for long periods, they become spherical or coccoid shaped.
363:
Campylobacteriosis seems to be dependent on several virulence factors involving adhesion, invasion and bacterial motility adherence.
110:
950:
Zilbauer M, Dorrell N, Wren BW, Bajaj-Elliott M (February 2008). "Campylobacter jejuni-mediated disease pathogenesis: an update".
91:
63:
703:
Black RE, Levine MM, Clements ML, Hughes TP, Blaser MJ (March 1988). "Experimental
Campylobacter jejuni infection in humans".
48:
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70:
140:
481:"The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food-borne outbreaks in 2017"
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times up to a week have been reported. The adhesion to eukaryotic cells is mediated by several proteins, including the
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infections include food products, such as unpasteurised milk and contaminated fresh produce. The infectious dose of
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Schiaffino F, Colston JM, Paredes-Olortegui M, François R, Pisanic N, Burga R, et al. (February 2019).
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secrete a cytolethal distending toxin (CDT), which is an AB toxin composed of three subunits encoded by
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781:"Campylobacter jejuni cytolethal distending toxin causes a G2-phase cell cycle block"
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Nilsson A, Johansson C, Skarp A, Kaden R, Engstrand L, Rautelin H (7 December 2017).
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Whitehouse CA, Balbo PB, Pesci EC, Cottle DL, Mirabito PM, Pickett CL (May 1998).
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599:"Genomic and phenotypic characteristics of Swedish C. jejuni water isolates"
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was still not implicated in the human diarrhea. Further to this, in 1973,
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658:"Campylobacters as zoonotic pathogens: A food production perspective"
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Transactions of the Royal
Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
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International
Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology
355:), which binds specifically to fibronectin in the cell membrane.
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20:
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Madigan MM, Martinko J, Bender K, Buckley D, Stahl D (2014).
295:, a diarrhoeal disease which is the most frequently reported
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Humphrey, Tom; O'Brien, Sarah; Madsen, Mogens (July 2007).
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Prescott LM, Harley JP, Klein DA (2005). "Campylobacter".
1014:
903:"Campylobacter Species in a Pediatric Cohort Study"
51:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
738:Monteville MR, Yoon JE, Konkel ME (January 2003).
398:has been discovered to be more aerotolerant than
876:"Antibiotic Resistance | Campylobacter | CDC"
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860:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
662:International Journal of Food Microbiology
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111:Learn how and when to remove this message
530:Public Health Agency of Canada (2011).
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997:– the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase
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469:(6th ed.). pp. 430–433, 500.
907:Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
7:
1146:e6655dc9-8169-45b9-b7fd-0f32dd648bd5
49:adding citations to reliable sources
705:The Journal of Infectious Diseases
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674:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2007.01.006
556:Véron, M.; Chatelain, R. (1973).
351:adhesion to fibronectin protein (
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832:(Fourteenth ed.). Boston.
830:Brock biology of microorganisms
797:10.1128/IAI.66.5.1934-1940.1998
326:was proposed as a novel genus.
281:bacterial species within genus
36:needs additional citations for
330:Pathogenicity and transmission
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964:10.1016/j.trstmh.2007.09.019
624:10.1371/journal.pone.0189222
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1174:Bacteria described in 1973
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717:10.1093/infdis/157.3.472
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434:Guillain-Barré syndrome
299:in the European Union.
785:Infection and Immunity
757:10.1099/mic.0.25820-0
275:non-endospore-forming
919:10.1128/AAC.01911-18
532:"Campylobacter coli"
491:(12): e05500. 2018.
60:"Campylobacter coli"
45:improve this article
16:Species of bacterium
615:2017PLoSO..1289222N
536:www.phac-aspc.gc.ca
446:List of human flora
1123:campylobacter-coli
1016:Campylobacter coli
991:Campylobacter coli
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335:Campylobacter coli
311:In the year 1886,
293:campylobacteriosis
262:Campylobacter coli
235:Campylobacter coli
193:Campylobacteraceae
129:Campylobacter coli
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43:Please help
38:verification
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880:www.cdc.gov
425:antibiotics
1163:Categories
452:References
291:can cause
71:newspapers
856:cite book
848:880685515
682:0168-1605
584:1466-5026
418:Treatment
400:C. jejuni
394:species,
251:Chatelain
211:Species:
1097:10031048
1031:Q1031711
1025:Wikidata
972:18023831
937:30420482
766:12576589
690:17368847
643:29216271
603:PLOS ONE
517:32625785
440:See also
383:Survival
279:S-shaped
245:, 1948)
189:Family:
159:Phylum:
153:Bacteria
149:Domain:
1084:3223358
1040:BacDive
928:6355604
815:9573072
725:3343522
634:5720728
611:Bibcode
508:7009540
396:C. coli
307:History
301:C. coli
289:C. coli
199:Genus:
179:Order:
169:Class:
85:scholar
1143:NZOR:
1110:960312
1071:972294
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247:Véron
243:Doyle
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995:Dive
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933:PMID
888:2020
862:link
844:OCLC
834:ISBN
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762:PMID
721:PMID
686:PMID
678:ISSN
639:PMID
580:ISSN
543:2017
513:PMID
377:cdtC
375:and
373:cdtB
369:cdtA
353:CadF
249:and
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