110:(New York: Pageant Book Co., 1956), 1956 ed., p. 422; Betty F. Kyrias, "The Civil War in Baxter Springs, Kansas, 1862–1863" (Baxter Springs, Kans.: Baxter Springs, Kansas, Historical Society, August 8, 1988), pp. 1–2; Kyrias, letter to Pollard, April 1, 1993, p. 3; Kyrias, interview with Pollard, Baxter Springs, Kans., May 27, 1993; Pollard, memorandum to Daniel C. Fitzgerald, June 1, 1993, pp. 1–2.
66:
Livingston was not to be eliminated, however. Further attempts to destroy his force or capture it resulted in frustration. The Union troops from the two camps, and other Union troops nearby, repeatedly forced the guerrillas to scatter. Instead of being able to round them up, however, they found
74:
In early
September 1862 the area around Camp Hunter found itself in the path of a Confederate offensive. The 31st Texas Cavalry, under Col. Tresevant C. Hawpe, headed toward the two camps, which were quickly abandoned. He continued north and was defeated in a battle near present day Pittsburg,
62:
As soon as the two camps were established, the Union troops took action to eliminate
Livingston's guerrillas. Livingston, with about twenty-five men, had established a camp two miles northeast of Camp Hunter. The combined Union forces, under the direction of Col. Charles Doubleday, overran
52:, where Indians loyal to the Confederacy attacked Union wagon trains. A second use for the camps was to be a place to send tired cavalry horses. The area west of the camps had much grass. The soldiers from the camps were needed to guard the horses.
41:. It was built along the south crest of the Spring Creek valley. The combined number of troops in both camps was about 6,000 men, according to Hugh Thompson, who was stationed as a scout in the area in June 1862.
188:
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the guerrillas would simply disappear, not to be found until they decided to attack Union troops. After the War it was discovered the guerrillas had established a well concealed camp (
86:
on
September 30. After Hawpe left, Camp Hunter was never occupied again. When Union forces returned to Baxter Springs in May 1863, they set up camp at a different site.
102:
William C. Pollard, Jr., "Forts and
Military Posts in Kansas: 1854–1865" (Ph.D. dissertation, Faith Baptist College and Seminary, 1997), pp. 21–3; Woodbury F. Pride,
198:
75:
Kansas. After his defeat Hawpe retreated back to Camp Hunter and briefly occupied it. Possibly
Livingston and Confederate Indians under Col.
59:
and
Confederate Indians who roamed through the area. The major guerrilla group was under the command of Capt. Thomas R. Livingston.
82:
From Camp Hunter, Hawpe invaded southwest
Missouri, helping other Confederates in defeating Union forces in the
193:
166:(New York: Harper & Row, 1986), pp. 530–1; Kyrias, letter to Pollard, pp. 1–3; Col. William Weer, report,
83:
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23:
150:(Washington: Government Printing Office, 1885), Series I, Vol. XIII, p. 94; Col. John Ritchie, report,
44:
The Army had three reasons for the establishment of the two camps. The first was to help escort
31:
49:
162:(1885), Series I, Vol. XIII, pp. 305–6; Patricia L. Faust, "Newtonia, Mo., first eng. at,"
182:
119:
Kyrias, "The Civil War in Baxter
Springs," pp. 1–2; Kyrias, letter to Pollard, p. 3.
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71:) 5½ miles east of Camp Hunter and just inside the Kansas border with Missouri.
45:
27:
158:(1902), Series I, Vol. LIII, p. 784; Col. Tresevant C. Hawpe, report,
137:
Kyrias, "The Civil War," pp. 2–3; Kyrias, letter to
Pollard, pp. 1–3.
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A third reason for the establishment of the camps was to oppose the
128:
Kyrias, "The Civil War," p. 1; Kyrias, letter to
Pollard, p. 3.
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regiments established a camp nearby on Little Five Mile Creek.
146:
Kyrias, "The Civil War," pp. 2–3; Col. Stand Watie, report,
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was established in June 1862 or a bit earlier at what is now
154:(1885), Series I, Vol. XIII, p. 661; F. R. Lubbock, report,
164:
Historical Times Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Civil War
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Livingston's camp, capturing many supplies and horses.
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Buildings and structures in Cherokee County, Kansas
37:The white soldiers' camp was named after Gen.
8:
106:(N.p.: 1926), p. 46; William E. Connelley,
79:visited Camp Hunter around the same time.
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170:(1885), Series I, Vol. XIII, p. 672.
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16:Historic campsite in Kansas, U.S.
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199:1862 establishments in Kansas
108:Quantrill and the Border Wars
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104:The History of Fort Riley
26:. It was established by
168:The War of the Rebellion
160:The War of the Rebellion
156:The War of the Rebellion
152:The War of the Rebellion
148:The War of the Rebellion
84:First Battle of Newtonia
24:Baxter Springs, Kansas
69:Livingston's Hideout
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20:Camp Hunter
183:Categories
90:References
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