3209:
27:
199:, Canada has taken a neutral stance, while Turkey openly supported Azerbaijan. However, after Canadian military technology was found to be used by the Azerbaijani military attacking civilians, Canada suspended export to Azerbaijan, prompting criticism against Canada by Turkey. Relations between Turkey and Canada have started to be strained since 2019 after Turkish intervention in Syria. Turkey accused Canada of "double standard" in freezing military exports to Turkey but not
46:
253:
3197:
1625:
3221:
57:
305:
180:
In June 2019, Canada and Turkey signed a
Memorandum of Understanding establishing a Joint Economic and Trade Committee, with a view to holding annual meetings between Canadian and Turkish officials and businesses to expand bilateral trade and investment opportunities.
231:
and Turkey violated the
Canadian foreign policy and the end-use assurances given to Canada by her. Turkey said that this move will affect the bilateral relations and undermine alliance solidarity. In early 2024, Canada started to export arms to Turkey again.
155:. After four hours, the hostages were released unharmed and the armed men were taken into police custody. This was the third assault on Turkish diplomatic staff in Ottawa by Armenian attackers in three years.
215:
In 2019, trade between both nations totaled US$ 2.4 billion. Over 350 Canadian companies have investments in Turkey, mostly in the fields of energy, mining, information technology and infrastructure.
3026:
1999:
1688:
776:
2854:
1613:
728:
158:
In 2004, the
Canadian Parliament formally recognized the Armenian Genocide. Canada's recognition has had an adverse effect on the bilateral relations between the two countries.
93:
568:
227:, but later the restrictions eased. Canada reimposed the restrictions in 2021 after it was found that Canadian technology and arms which were exported to Turkey used in the
1527:
535:
1432:
479:
224:
189:
1678:
1313:
623:
2602:
1163:
550:
1693:
2432:
1506:
1127:
605:
2869:
1606:
721:
2004:
1532:
927:
1989:
887:
204:
1698:
1591:
3251:
3246:
2380:
1030:
3149:
3145:
3066:
1557:
1553:
1491:
148:
3241:
2766:
2642:
2637:
587:
26:
3159:
3154:
3083:
1599:
714:
2864:
2581:
2464:
1437:
1308:
1178:
3038:
2061:
1912:
1411:
932:
675:
3127:
2807:
2422:
2174:
1947:
1882:
1861:
1352:
1097:
841:
836:
771:
2859:
2750:
2718:
2713:
2312:
2215:
2210:
2154:
1892:
1779:
1336:
1298:
1248:
1107:
1087:
1072:
958:
892:
791:
2812:
2708:
2652:
2632:
2348:
2287:
2236:
2179:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2020:
1927:
1887:
1769:
1759:
1744:
1357:
1243:
1047:
973:
968:
821:
806:
2963:
3071:
2745:
2566:
2412:
2317:
2292:
2261:
2127:
2077:
2030:
2025:
1754:
1406:
1331:
1238:
1102:
1082:
1015:
998:
942:
857:
3043:
648:
196:
2672:
2662:
2647:
2500:
2479:
2363:
2322:
2307:
2282:
2256:
2246:
2205:
2117:
2107:
2097:
1804:
1789:
1734:
1724:
1673:
1283:
1263:
1208:
1168:
1117:
1077:
1062:
1057:
988:
877:
862:
786:
438:
151:
and held the
Ambassador and several other people within the embassy hostage. The attackers wanted Turkey to acknowledge the
525:
2886:
2881:
1452:
128:
of its intent to open a resident embassy, which was opened in 1944. Canada followed suit in 1947 by opening an embassy in
3187:
2990:
2703:
2693:
2688:
2607:
2597:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2520:
2510:
2505:
2495:
2469:
2402:
2358:
2353:
2343:
2327:
2302:
2122:
2102:
2082:
1979:
1942:
1937:
1917:
1856:
1840:
1835:
1820:
1774:
1729:
1719:
1303:
1268:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1198:
1188:
1183:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1132:
1052:
1005:
963:
937:
907:
897:
831:
826:
816:
801:
766:
483:
3105:
2698:
2657:
2622:
2612:
2576:
2571:
2561:
2515:
2474:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2277:
2220:
2087:
2056:
2035:
1907:
1897:
1799:
1794:
1764:
1749:
1668:
1416:
1396:
1293:
1278:
1273:
1258:
1253:
1233:
1203:
1193:
1173:
1112:
1037:
983:
917:
912:
867:
2902:
1629:
1562:
1548:
737:
400:
395:
144:
3100:
2968:
2787:
2782:
2667:
2627:
2617:
2437:
2427:
2417:
2251:
2241:
2200:
2195:
2092:
1994:
1932:
1902:
1877:
1830:
1825:
1784:
1739:
1703:
1288:
1228:
1092:
1067:
1042:
1010:
993:
902:
872:
796:
781:
1501:
2995:
2985:
2407:
2375:
2370:
2297:
2112:
1984:
1952:
1922:
1683:
1442:
1401:
1020:
922:
882:
811:
3166:
390:
284:
228:
139:, relations between both nations evolved mainly around military and security cooperation within the framework of
2973:
101:
3007:
2951:
1511:
1025:
978:
174:
166:
162:
161:
There have been numerous high-level visits between leaders of both nations. In June 2010, Turkish
President
3019:
2956:
1496:
507:
1572:
1567:
116:. In 1922, soon after obtaining its independence, Canada issued its first foreign policy mandate to the
606:"Turks accuse Canada of 'double standard' in freezing military exports to Turkey but not Saudi Arabia"
124:. First official contact between both nations took place in 1943 when the Turkish government informed
464:
385:
252:
3122:
3002:
2912:
380:
185:
152:
112:
The first
Turkish migrants arrived to Canada in the late 19th century from what was then the
3201:
3031:
3014:
2835:
588:"Turkey accuses Canada of violating NATO alliance 'spirit' by suspending military exports"
419:
439:"After Vimy: Did Canada really find its independence in 1922 battle it refused to fight?"
674:
Government of Canada, Foreign
Affairs Trade and Development Canada (February 26, 2009).
549:
Government of Canada, Foreign
Affairs Trade and Development Canada (February 26, 2009).
3117:
2980:
2876:
223:
In 2019, Canada decided to block arms exports because Turkey used
Canadian arms in the
170:
117:
113:
97:
3196:
3235:
3225:
3213:
121:
1642:
200:
80:
have maintained diplomatic relations since 1943. Both countries are members of the
624:"Canada scraps export permits for drone technology to Turkey, complains to Ankara"
3095:
3090:
2907:
3110:
706:
331:
279:
3061:
367:
304:
530:
359:
348:
136:
693:
363:
1624:
355:
344:
129:
125:
77:
73:
61:
50:
3078:
1447:
569:"Canada condemns Turkey's military action against Kurdish forces"
140:
89:
85:
2933:
2833:
1640:
1595:
1473:
1378:
748:
710:
81:
184:
On 9 October 2019, Canadian
Minister of Foreign Affairs
120:
that it would not partake in war with Turkey during the
90:
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
3185:
420:"Turkish Canadians | The Canadian Encyclopedia"
94:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
3138:
3054:
2944:
2895:
2847:
2800:
2775:
2759:
2738:
2731:
2681:
2590:
2529:
2488:
2457:
2450:
2336:
2270:
2229:
2188:
2147:
2140:
2070:
2044:
2013:
1972:
1965:
1870:
1849:
1813:
1712:
1661:
1654:
1541:
1520:
1484:
1425:
1389:
1345:
1324:
1141:
951:
850:
759:
649:"Canada drops ban on drone parts export to Türkiye"
330:
322:
314:
297:
278:
270:
262:
245:
33:
526:"Canadian Parliament recognizes Armenian genocide"
188:stated that Canada "firmly condemns" Turkey's
1607:
722:
8:
694:"T.C. Dışişleri Bakanlığı Embassy in Ottawa"
169:. In November 2015, Canadian Prime Minister
19:
190:military offensive into north-eastern Syria
2941:
2930:
2844:
2830:
2735:
2454:
2144:
1969:
1658:
1651:
1637:
1614:
1600:
1592:
1481:
1470:
1386:
1375:
756:
745:
729:
715:
707:
303:
294:
251:
242:
1528:Mining in Latin America and the Caribbean
502:
500:
474:
472:
460:
458:
456:
454:
452:
3192:
676:"Embassy of Canada to Turkey in Ankara"
508:"1985: Deadly embassy attack in Ottawa"
411:
143:. In March 1985, three members of the
18:
1492:History of Canadian foreign relations
173:paid a visit to Turkey to attend the
165:paid a visit to Canada to attend the
7:
274:Aziziye, Cinnah Street no: 58, 06690
465:Relations Between Turkey and Canada
14:
586:Chase, Steven (16 October 2020).
3219:
3207:
3195:
1689:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1623:
538:from the original on 2023-05-30.
55:
44:
25:
354:Turkey maintains an embassy in
343:Canada maintains an embassy in
3044:European Court of Human Rights
2000:St. Vincent and the Grenadines
424:www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca
205:military intervention in Yemen
197:2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
1:
3252:Bilateral relations of Turkey
3247:Bilateral relations of Canada
3146:Diplomatic missions of Turkey
2945:Peace Agreements and Treaties
2882:Organization of Turkic States
680:www.canadainternational.gc.ca
555:www.canadainternational.gc.ca
3067:Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline
3055:International infrastructure
236:Resident diplomatic missions
3155:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
2903:Central Treaty Organization
2855:International organizations
1630:Foreign relations of Turkey
1433:International organizations
738:Foreign relations of Canada
551:"Canada - Turkey Relations"
437:Evan Dyer (10 April 2017).
401:Foreign relations of Turkey
396:Foreign relations of Canada
347:and a consulate-general in
309:Embassy of Turkey in Ottawa
298:Embassy of Turkey in Ottawa
257:Embassy of Canada in Ankara
246:Embassy of Canada in Ankara
225:Turkish operations in Syria
145:Armenian Revolutionary Army
3268:
1475:Diplomacy and other topics
358:and consulates-general in
326:197 Wurtemburg St. K1N 8L9
20:Canadian–Turkish relations
3128:Azerbaijan–Georgia–Turkey
2940:
2929:
2843:
2829:
1650:
1636:
1480:
1469:
1385:
1374:
755:
744:
480:"Canada-Turkey relations"
391:Embassy of Turkey, Ottawa
302:
250:
229:2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war
149:Turkish embassy in Ottawa
67:
54:
43:
24:
3106:Trans-Anatolian pipeline
3084:Northern Cyprus pipeline
2964:Treaty of Constantinople
1679:Central African Republic
1314:Turks and Caicos Islands
102:World Trade Organization
3242:Canada–Turkey relations
203:, which is involved in
3101:Tabriz–Ankara pipeline
3072:Kirkuk–Ceyhan pipeline
2870:Accession negotiations
2603:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1554:Diplomatic missions of
1380:Multilateral relations
1164:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1694:Republic of the Congo
1568:Global Affairs Canada
698:ottawa.emb.mfa.gov.tr
175:G20 Summit in Antalya
167:G20 Summit in Toronto
2969:Border with Bulgaria
2433:United Arab Emirates
1128:United Arab Emirates
163:Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
3027:Montreux Convention
2986:Border with Armenia
2005:Trinidad and Tobago
928:Trinidad and Tobago
750:Bilateral relations
386:Canadians in Turkey
21:
16:Bilateral relations
3003:Treaty of Lausanne
2913:Second Balkan Pact
1990:Dominican Republic
1549:Canadian diplomats
1507:War in Afghanistan
888:Dominican Republic
610:The Globe and Mail
592:The Globe and Mail
575:. October 9, 2019.
292:Diplomatic mission
240:Diplomatic mission
3183:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3175:
3174:
3008:Border with Syria
2925:
2924:
2921:
2920:
2908:First Balkan Pact
2825:
2824:
2821:
2820:
2796:
2795:
2727:
2726:
2446:
2445:
2136:
2135:
1961:
1960:
1699:Equatorial Guinea
1589:
1588:
1585:
1584:
1581:
1580:
1465:
1464:
1461:
1460:
1370:
1369:
1366:
1365:
655:. 30 January 2024
653:hurriyetdailynews
612:. 6 October 2020.
381:Turkish Canadians
340:
339:
290:
289:
186:Chrystia Freeland
153:Armenian genocide
71:
70:
3259:
3224:
3223:
3222:
3212:
3211:
3210:
3200:
3199:
3191:
3167:Diplomatic corps
3020:Border with Iran
2957:Border with Iraq
2952:Treaty of Ankara
2942:
2931:
2845:
2831:
2736:
2455:
2381:Kurdistan Region
2145:
1970:
1659:
1652:
1638:
1628:
1627:
1616:
1609:
1602:
1593:
1482:
1471:
1387:
1376:
1031:Kurdistan Region
757:
746:
731:
724:
717:
708:
702:
701:
690:
684:
683:
671:
665:
664:
662:
660:
645:
639:
638:
636:
635:
620:
614:
613:
602:
596:
595:
583:
577:
576:
565:
559:
558:
546:
540:
539:
522:
516:
515:
514:. 12 March 1985.
504:
495:
494:
492:
491:
482:. Archived from
476:
467:
462:
447:
446:
434:
428:
427:
416:
307:
295:
255:
243:
59:
58:
48:
47:
29:
22:
3267:
3266:
3262:
3261:
3260:
3258:
3257:
3256:
3232:
3231:
3230:
3220:
3218:
3208:
3206:
3194:
3186:
3184:
3171:
3134:
3050:
3032:Turkish Straits
3015:Treaty of Zuhab
2936:
2917:
2891:
2839:
2817:
2792:
2771:
2767:Solomon Islands
2755:
2723:
2677:
2643:Northern Cyprus
2638:North Macedonia
2586:
2525:
2484:
2442:
2332:
2266:
2225:
2184:
2132:
2066:
2040:
2009:
1957:
1866:
1845:
1809:
1708:
1646:
1632:
1622:
1620:
1590:
1577:
1537:
1516:
1476:
1457:
1421:
1381:
1362:
1341:
1320:
1137:
947:
846:
751:
740:
735:
705:
692:
691:
687:
673:
672:
668:
658:
656:
647:
646:
642:
633:
631:
630:. 12 April 2021
622:
621:
617:
604:
603:
599:
585:
584:
580:
567:
566:
562:
548:
547:
543:
524:
523:
519:
506:
505:
498:
489:
487:
478:
477:
470:
463:
450:
436:
435:
431:
418:
417:
413:
409:
377:
310:
293:
258:
241:
238:
221:
213:
110:
60:
56:
49:
45:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3265:
3263:
3255:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3234:
3233:
3229:
3228:
3216:
3204:
3181:
3180:
3177:
3176:
3173:
3172:
3170:
3169:
3164:
3163:
3162:
3152:
3142:
3140:
3136:
3135:
3133:
3132:
3131:
3130:
3125:
3118:Rail transport
3115:
3114:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3088:
3087:
3086:
3076:
3075:
3074:
3069:
3058:
3056:
3052:
3051:
3049:
3048:
3047:
3046:
3036:
3035:
3034:
3024:
3023:
3022:
3012:
3011:
3010:
3000:
2999:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2981:Treaty of Kars
2978:
2977:
2976:
2971:
2961:
2960:
2959:
2948:
2946:
2938:
2937:
2934:
2927:
2926:
2923:
2922:
2919:
2918:
2916:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2899:
2897:
2893:
2892:
2890:
2889:
2887:United Nations
2884:
2879:
2874:
2873:
2872:
2865:European Union
2862:
2857:
2851:
2849:
2841:
2840:
2834:
2827:
2826:
2823:
2822:
2819:
2818:
2816:
2815:
2810:
2804:
2802:
2798:
2797:
2794:
2793:
2791:
2790:
2785:
2779:
2777:
2773:
2772:
2770:
2769:
2763:
2761:
2757:
2756:
2754:
2753:
2748:
2742:
2740:
2733:
2729:
2728:
2725:
2724:
2722:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2685:
2683:
2679:
2678:
2676:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2594:
2592:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2584:
2582:United Kingdom
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2533:
2531:
2527:
2526:
2524:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2492:
2490:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2465:Czech Republic
2461:
2459:
2452:
2448:
2447:
2444:
2443:
2441:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2384:
2383:
2373:
2368:
2367:
2366:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2340:
2338:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2274:
2272:
2268:
2267:
2265:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2233:
2231:
2227:
2226:
2224:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2192:
2190:
2186:
2185:
2183:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2151:
2149:
2142:
2138:
2137:
2134:
2133:
2131:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2074:
2072:
2068:
2067:
2065:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2048:
2046:
2042:
2041:
2039:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1976:
1974:
1967:
1963:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1874:
1872:
1868:
1867:
1865:
1864:
1859:
1853:
1851:
1847:
1846:
1844:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1817:
1815:
1811:
1810:
1808:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1716:
1714:
1710:
1709:
1707:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1665:
1663:
1656:
1648:
1647:
1641:
1634:
1633:
1621:
1619:
1618:
1611:
1604:
1596:
1587:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1579:
1578:
1576:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1551:
1545:
1543:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1535:
1530:
1524:
1522:
1518:
1517:
1515:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1488:
1486:
1478:
1477:
1474:
1467:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1459:
1458:
1456:
1455:
1453:United Nations
1450:
1445:
1440:
1438:European Union
1435:
1429:
1427:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1393:
1391:
1383:
1382:
1379:
1372:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1361:
1360:
1355:
1349:
1347:
1343:
1342:
1340:
1339:
1334:
1328:
1326:
1322:
1321:
1319:
1318:
1317:
1316:
1309:United Kingdom
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1179:Czech Republic
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1145:
1143:
1139:
1138:
1136:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1034:
1033:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
1002:
1001:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
955:
953:
949:
948:
946:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
854:
852:
848:
847:
845:
844:
839:
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
763:
761:
753:
752:
749:
742:
741:
736:
734:
733:
726:
719:
711:
704:
703:
685:
666:
640:
615:
597:
578:
560:
541:
534:. 2004-04-25.
517:
496:
468:
448:
429:
410:
408:
405:
404:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
376:
373:
372:
371:
352:
338:
337:
334:
328:
327:
324:
320:
319:
316:
312:
311:
308:
300:
299:
291:
288:
287:
285:Kevin Hamilton
282:
276:
275:
272:
268:
267:
264:
260:
259:
256:
248:
247:
239:
237:
234:
220:
217:
212:
209:
171:Justin Trudeau
118:United Kingdom
114:Ottoman Empire
109:
106:
98:United Nations
69:
68:
65:
64:
53:
41:
40:
38:
35:
34:
31:
30:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3264:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3239:
3237:
3227:
3217:
3215:
3205:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3189:
3168:
3165:
3161:
3158:
3157:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3147:
3144:
3143:
3141:
3137:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3123:Greece–Turkey
3121:
3120:
3119:
3116:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3093:
3092:
3089:
3085:
3082:
3081:
3080:
3077:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3064:
3063:
3060:
3059:
3057:
3053:
3045:
3042:
3041:
3040:
3037:
3033:
3030:
3029:
3028:
3025:
3021:
3018:
3017:
3016:
3013:
3009:
3006:
3005:
3004:
3001:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2983:
2982:
2979:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2966:
2965:
2962:
2958:
2955:
2954:
2953:
2950:
2949:
2947:
2943:
2939:
2932:
2928:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2900:
2898:
2894:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2871:
2868:
2867:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2850:
2846:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2828:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2805:
2803:
2801:Former states
2799:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2780:
2778:
2774:
2768:
2765:
2764:
2762:
2758:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2743:
2741:
2737:
2734:
2730:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2680:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2595:
2593:
2589:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2528:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2487:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2456:
2453:
2449:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2382:
2379:
2378:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2365:
2362:
2361:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2341:
2339:
2335:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2275:
2273:
2269:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2228:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2187:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2146:
2143:
2139:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2069:
2063:
2062:United States
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2043:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2016:
2012:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1971:
1968:
1964:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1913:Guinea-Bissau
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1893:Côte d'Ivoire
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1875:
1873:
1869:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1848:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1818:
1816:
1812:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1717:
1715:
1711:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1660:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1626:
1617:
1612:
1610:
1605:
1603:
1598:
1597:
1594:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1546:
1544:
1540:
1534:
1533:United States
1531:
1529:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1519:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1472:
1468:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1426:Organizations
1424:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1412:Latin America
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1394:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1377:
1373:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1344:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1327:
1323:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1000:
997:
996:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
956:
954:
950:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
933:United States
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
855:
853:
849:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
764:
762:
758:
754:
747:
743:
739:
732:
727:
725:
720:
718:
713:
712:
709:
699:
695:
689:
686:
681:
677:
670:
667:
654:
650:
644:
641:
629:
625:
619:
616:
611:
607:
601:
598:
593:
589:
582:
579:
574:
570:
564:
561:
556:
552:
545:
542:
537:
533:
532:
527:
521:
518:
513:
509:
503:
501:
497:
486:on 2020-06-05
485:
481:
475:
473:
469:
466:
461:
459:
457:
455:
453:
449:
444:
440:
433:
430:
425:
421:
415:
412:
406:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
378:
374:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
350:
346:
342:
341:
335:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
306:
301:
296:
286:
283:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
254:
249:
244:
235:
233:
230:
226:
218:
216:
210:
208:
206:
202:
198:
193:
191:
187:
182:
178:
176:
172:
168:
164:
159:
156:
154:
150:
147:attacked the
146:
142:
138:
133:
131:
127:
123:
122:Chanak Crisis
119:
115:
107:
105:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
66:
63:
52:
42:
39:
37:
36:
32:
28:
23:
2836:Multilateral
2808:Soviet Union
2673:Vatican City
2423:Saudi Arabia
2175:Turkmenistan
2051:
1948:Sierra Leone
1883:Burkina Faso
1862:South Africa
1573:Peacekeeping
1353:Soviet Union
1122:
1098:Saudi Arabia
842:South Africa
837:Sierra Leone
772:Burkina Faso
697:
688:
679:
669:
657:. Retrieved
652:
643:
632:. Retrieved
627:
618:
609:
600:
591:
581:
572:
563:
554:
544:
529:
520:
511:
488:. Retrieved
484:the original
442:
432:
423:
414:
222:
214:
201:Saudi Arabia
194:
183:
179:
160:
157:
134:
111:
72:
3096:Blue Stream
3091:Natural gas
2860:Arab League
2751:New Zealand
2739:Australasia
2719:Switzerland
2714:Netherlands
2313:Philippines
2216:South Korea
2211:North Korea
2155:Afghanistan
1780:South Sudan
1502:Vietnam War
1337:New Zealand
1299:Switzerland
1249:Netherlands
1108:South Korea
1088:Philippines
1073:North Korea
959:Afghanistan
893:El Salvador
792:Ivory Coast
195:During the
135:During the
3236:Categories
3111:TurkStream
2991:Azerbaijan
2896:Historical
2813:Yugoslavia
2709:Luxembourg
2653:San Marino
2633:Montenegro
2349:Azerbaijan
2288:East Timor
2237:Bangladesh
2180:Uzbekistan
2170:Tajikistan
2165:Kyrgyzstan
2160:Kazakhstan
2021:Costa Rica
1928:Mauritania
1898:The Gambia
1888:Cape Verde
1770:Seychelles
1760:Mozambique
1745:Madagascar
1358:Yugoslavia
1346:Historical
1244:Montenegro
1048:Kazakhstan
974:Bangladesh
969:Azerbaijan
822:Mozambique
807:Madagascar
659:30 January
634:2021-04-12
490:2020-06-04
407:References
336:Esra Demir
332:Ambassador
280:Ambassador
3150:in Turkey
2935:Diplomacy
2838:relations
2776:Polynesia
2760:Melanesia
2746:Australia
2567:Lithuania
2413:Palestine
2318:Singapore
2293:Indonesia
2271:Southeast
2262:Sri Lanka
2128:Venezuela
2078:Argentina
2031:Nicaragua
2026:Guatemala
1973:Caribbean
1755:Mauritius
1645:relations
1643:Bilateral
1558:in Canada
1542:Diplomacy
1407:Caribbean
1332:Australia
1239:Lithuania
1103:Singapore
1083:Palestine
1016:Indonesia
999:Hong Kong
943:Venezuela
858:Argentina
368:Vancouver
3202:Politics
3160:Minister
3139:Missions
2663:Slovenia
2648:Portugal
2591:Southern
2530:Northern
2501:Bulgaria
2480:Slovakia
2364:Abkhazia
2323:Thailand
2308:Malaysia
2283:Cambodia
2257:Pakistan
2247:Maldives
2206:Mongolia
2118:Suriname
2108:Paraguay
2098:Colombia
2045:Northern
1966:Americas
1850:Southern
1805:Zimbabwe
1790:Tanzania
1735:Ethiopia
1725:Djibouti
1674:Cameroon
1563:Treaties
1512:Iraq War
1497:Cold War
1284:Slovenia
1264:Portugal
1209:Holy See
1169:Bulgaria
1118:Thailand
1078:Pakistan
1063:Mongolia
1058:Malaysia
989:Cambodia
878:Colombia
863:Barbados
851:Americas
787:Ethiopia
777:DR Congo
536:Archived
531:CBC News
443:CBC News
375:See also
360:Montreal
349:Istanbul
315:Location
263:Location
137:Cold War
100:and the
3188:Portals
2996:Georgia
2848:Current
2732:Oceania
2704:Germany
2694:Belgium
2689:Austria
2682:Western
2608:Croatia
2598:Albania
2557:Ireland
2552:Iceland
2547:Finland
2542:Estonia
2537:Denmark
2521:Ukraine
2511:Romania
2506:Moldova
2496:Belarus
2489:Eastern
2470:Hungary
2458:Central
2403:Lebanon
2359:Georgia
2354:Bahrain
2344:Armenia
2337:Western
2328:Vietnam
2303:Myanmar
2148:Central
2123:Uruguay
2103:Ecuador
2083:Bolivia
2014:Central
1980:Bahamas
1943:Senegal
1938:Nigeria
1918:Liberia
1857:Namibia
1841:Tunisia
1836:Morocco
1821:Algeria
1775:Somalia
1730:Eritrea
1720:Burundi
1662:Central
1485:History
1390:Regions
1325:Oceania
1304:Ukraine
1269:Romania
1224:Ireland
1219:Iceland
1214:Hungary
1199:Germany
1189:Finland
1184:Denmark
1159:Belgium
1154:Austria
1149:Albania
1133:Vietnam
1053:Lebanon
1006:Georgia
964:Armenia
938:Uruguay
908:Jamaica
898:Grenada
832:Senegal
827:Namibia
817:Morocco
802:Lesotho
767:Algeria
628:reuters
573:Reuters
364:Toronto
323:Address
271:Address
108:History
3226:Turkey
3214:Canada
2974:Greece
2699:France
2658:Serbia
2623:Kosovo
2613:Greece
2577:Sweden
2572:Norway
2562:Latvia
2516:Russia
2475:Poland
2451:Europe
2398:Kuwait
2393:Jordan
2388:Israel
2278:Brunei
2221:Taiwan
2088:Brazil
2057:Mexico
2052:Canada
2036:Panama
1908:Guinea
1800:Zambia
1795:Uganda
1765:Rwanda
1750:Malawi
1669:Angola
1655:Africa
1417:Europe
1397:Africa
1294:Sweden
1279:Serbia
1274:Russia
1259:Poland
1254:Norway
1234:Latvia
1204:Greece
1194:France
1174:Cyprus
1142:Europe
1123:Turkey
1113:Taiwan
1038:Israel
984:Brunei
979:Bhutan
918:Panama
913:Mexico
868:Brazil
760:Africa
356:Ottawa
345:Ankara
318:Ottawa
266:Ankara
130:Ankara
126:Ottawa
78:Turkey
74:Canada
62:Turkey
51:Canada
3079:Water
2788:Tonga
2783:Samoa
2668:Spain
2628:Malta
2618:Italy
2438:Yemen
2428:Syria
2418:Qatar
2252:Nepal
2242:India
2230:South
2201:Japan
2196:China
2093:Chile
2071:South
1995:Haiti
1933:Niger
1903:Ghana
1878:Benin
1831:Libya
1826:Egypt
1814:North
1785:Sudan
1740:Kenya
1704:Gabon
1521:Trade
1448:NORAD
1289:Spain
1229:Italy
1093:Qatar
1068:Nepal
1043:Japan
1011:India
994:China
903:Haiti
873:Chile
797:Kenya
782:Egypt
211:Trade
3039:ECHR
2877:NATO
2408:Oman
2376:Iraq
2371:Iran
2298:Laos
2189:East
2141:Asia
2113:Peru
1985:Cuba
1953:Togo
1923:Mali
1871:West
1713:East
1684:Chad
1443:NATO
1402:Asia
1026:Iraq
1021:Iran
952:Asia
923:Peru
883:Cuba
812:Mali
661:2024
366:and
219:Arms
141:NATO
86:NATO
76:and
3062:Oil
512:CBC
82:G20
3238::
3148:/
1556:/
696:.
678:.
651:.
626:.
608:.
590:.
571:.
553:.
528:.
510:.
499:^
471:^
451:^
441:.
422:.
362:,
207:.
192:.
177:.
132:.
104:.
96:,
92:,
88:,
84:,
3190::
1615:e
1608:t
1601:v
730:e
723:t
716:v
700:.
682:.
663:.
637:.
594:.
557:.
493:.
445:.
426:.
370:.
351:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
