202:
Candace's inability to be reborn, was asked by
Watkins to leave the room, in order for Candace not to "pick up on (Jeane's) sorrow". Soon thereafter, Watkins requested the same of McDaniel and Brita St. Clair, leaving only herself and Ponder in the room with Candace. After talking for five minutes, the two unwrapped Candace and found that she was motionless, blue in the fingertips and lips, and not breathing. Upon seeing this, Watkins declared, "Oh there she is; she's sleeping in her vomit", whereupon Newmaker, who had been watching on a monitor in another room, rushed into the room, remarked on Candace's color, and began
198:
and feet to push on
Candace's head, chest, and 70-pound body to resist her attempts to free herself, while she complained, pleaded, and even screamed for help and air, unable to escape from the sheet. Candace stated eleven times during the session that she was dying, to which Ponder responded, "Go ahead. Die right now, for real. For real". Twenty minutes into the session, Candace had vomited and excreted inside of the sheet; she was nonetheless kept restrained within.
240:. The adoptive mother, Jeane Newmaker, a nurse practitioner, pleaded guilty to neglect and abuse charges and was given a four-year suspended sentence, after which the charges were expunged from her record. An appeal by Watkins against conviction and sentence failed. Watkins was paroled in June 2008, under "intense supervision" with restrictions on contact with children or counseling work, having served approximately seven years of her 16-year sentence.
129:. The treatment, during which Newmaker was suffocated, included a rebirthing script. She was wrapped in flannel to represent a womb and told to free herself while four adults used their hands and feet to push down on Candace's small body, making it impossible for her to move or breathe. This resulted in Candace's death.
201:
Forty minutes into the session, Candace was asked if she wanted to be reborn. She faintly responded "no"; this would ultimately be her last word. To this, Ponder replied, "Quitter, quitter, quitter, quitter! Quit, quit, quit, quit. She's a quitter!" Jeane
Newmaker, who said later she felt rejected by
197:
sheet and covered with pillows to simulate a womb or birth canal and was told to fight her way out of it, with the apparent expectation that the experience would help her "attach" to her adoptive mother. Four of the adults (weighing a combined total of 673 pounds or 305.2 kilograms) used their hands
189:
Candace died during the second week of the intensive sessions with
Watkins during what has been called a "rebirthing" session. Participating in the fatal session as therapists were Watkins and Julie Ponder, also without a license, along with Candace's "therapeutic foster parents", Brita St. Clair,
235:
A year later, Watkins and Ponder were tried and convicted of reckless child abuse resulting in death and received 16-year prison sentences. Brita St. Clair and Jack McDaniel, the therapeutic foster parents, pleaded guilty to criminally negligent child abuse and were given ten years' probation and
141:, on November 19, 1989 to a teenage mother and an abusive father, Angela and Todd Elmore. These circumstances influenced the way she grew up. At a young age, she and her younger brother Michael and sister Chelsea were removed from the home for neglect and separated by
160:, complaining about her behavior and attitude at home. Though Candace was treated with medications, Jeane reported that Candace's behavior got worse during the ensuing two years, a period supposedly including her playing with matches and also killing goldfish.
218:
and possibly not breathing for some time. Paramedics were able to restore the girl's pulse and she was flown by helicopter to a hospital in Denver; however, she was declared brain-dead the next day, April 19, as a consequence of
226:
The entire fatal session, as well as ten hours of other sessions from the preceding days, had been videotaped as a matter of course with
Watkins's treatment. All the videos were shown at the trial of Watkins and Ponder.
214:
arrived ten minutes later, McDaniel told them that
Candace had been left alone for five minutes during a rebirthing session and was not breathing. The paramedics surmised that Candace had been
251:, which outlawed dangerous re-enactments of the birth experience. The U.S. House of Representatives and Senate have separately passed resolutions urging similar actions in other states.
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270:, which revolved around a fictional game. One of the game's rooms is called the "quitter's room", along with the game referencing being reborn as someone else.
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145:. When she was five, her parents' parental rights were terminated. Two years later she was adopted by Jeane Elizabeth Newmaker, a single woman and
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with
Connell Watkins (who was without license) upon a referral from William Goble, a licensed psychologist in North Carolina.
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Nicholson, Kieran (August 2, 2001). "Rebirthing aides to plead to lesser charges in death".
486:. Child Psychology and Mental Health. Chapter by Costa G. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.
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121:; November 19, 1989 – April 19, 2000) was a child who was killed during a 70-minute
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Siegel, Barry (February 4, 2001). "Seeking child's love, a child's life is lost".
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Summary of press reports on the case at
Advocates for Children in Therapy
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Following the script for that day's treatment, Candace was wrapped in a
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Attachment
Therapy on Trial: The Torture and Death of Candace Newmaker
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session performed by four unlicensed therapists, purported to treat
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800:
Transcript of excerpts from the videotaped final therapy session
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182:, in April 2000, for a $ 7,000 two-week "intensive" session of
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Within months of the adoption, Jeane began taking
Candace to a
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626:""Rebirthers" Who Killed Child Receive 16-Year Prison Terms"
461:
Caldwell, C. (May 28, 2001). "Colorado rebirths convicted".
569:"Affirmation of judgment and sentence on appeal by Watkins"
653:"§ 14-401.21. Practicing "rebirthing technique"; penalty"
288:
episode "Overload" features a case based on the incident.
916:
Dynamic-maturational model of attachment and adaptation
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The case was the motivation behind "Candace's Law" in
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Mercer, Jean; Sarner, Larry; Rosa, Linda (May 2003).
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525:"Rockies: Colorado: Probation In Suffocation Death"
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82:
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609:. Associated Press. August 3, 2008. Archived from
601:"Therapist In 'Rebirthing' Death In Halfway House"
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805:Crowder, Carla; Lowe, Peggy (October 29, 2000).
373:Crowder, Carla; Lowe, Peggy (October 29, 2000).
851:
8:
827:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
407:"Alternative therapies not new in Evergreen"
279:episode "Born Again" was based on her case.
858:
844:
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105:Jeane Elizabeth Newmaker (adoptive parent)
29:
18:
467:. Vol. 6, no. 35. p. 20ff.
682:The Source on Women's Issues in Congress
678:"Senate Condemns Rebirthing Techniques"
330:
178:Candace and Jeane Newmaker traveled to
99:Angela Maria Elmore (biological mother)
16:American child abuse victim (1989–2000)
1116:People from Lincolnton, North Carolina
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260:Newmaker's death is referenced in the
236:1,000 hours of community service in a
721:"There's Something Hiding in Petscop"
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1146:Incidents of violence against girls
1059:Attachment-based therapy (children)
747:"The Journey Across Newmaker Plane"
190:Jack McDaniel, and Jeane Newmaker.
1069:Dyadic developmental psychotherapy
14:
1156:2000 murders in the United States
314:Advocates for Children in Therapy
719:Moyer, Phillip (18 March 2020).
436:Gillan, Audrey (June 20, 2001).
657:North Carolina General Assembly
624:Sarner, Larry (June 19, 2001).
523:Sink, Mindy (October 5, 2001).
102:Todd Elmore (biological father)
1121:Child abuse resulting in death
1064:Attachment-based psychotherapy
285:CSI: Crime Scene Investigation
1:
921:Fathers as attachment figures
405:Auge, Karen (June 17, 2000).
1085:History of attachment theory
972:Patricia McKinsey Crittenden
941:Reactive attachment disorder
319:Reactive attachment disorder
174:Reactive attachment disorder
164:Attachment therapy and death
147:pediatric nurse practitioner
127:reactive attachment disorder
299:Michael and Sharen Gravelle
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139:Lincolnton, North Carolina
115:Candace Elizabeth Newmaker
56:Lincolnton, North Carolina
438:"The therapy that killed"
231:Convictions and aftermath
28:
807:""Her Name Was Candace""
688:(68). October 21, 2005.
133:Early life and childhood
1151:American murder victims
936:Object relations theory
353:. pp. A1, A22–A24.
350:Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
891:Attachment in children
450:on September 25, 2006.
375:"Her name was Candace"
151:Durham, North Carolina
1141:Female murder victims
1052:Clinical applications
901:Attachment and health
206:while Watkins called
1033:Attachment parenting
931:Maternal deprivation
886:Attachment in adults
581:on September 7, 2008
137:Candace was born in
119:Candace Tiara Elmore
42:Candace Tiara Elmore
906:Attachment measures
896:Attachment disorder
811:Rocky Mountain News
700:on January 28, 2006
464:The Weekly Standard
380:Rocky Mountain News
304:Attachment disorder
180:Evergreen, Colorado
83:Cause of death
75:Evergreen, Colorado
1038:Attachment therapy
1017:Nikolaas Tinbergen
817:on March 31, 2008.
613:on August 6, 2008.
530:The New York Times
309:Attachment therapy
255:In popular culture
184:attachment therapy
170:Attachment therapy
123:attachment therapy
1126:American adoptees
1093:
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950:Notable theorists
911:Attachment theory
867:Attachment theory
387:on June 16, 2009.
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52:November 19, 1989
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1131:Adoption history
1043:Candace Newmaker
962:William E. Blatz
881:Affectional bond
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977:Erik Erikson
815:the original
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751:Splice Today
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69:(2000-04-19)
1111:2000 deaths
1106:1989 births
1026:Controversy
967:John Bowlby
756:1 September
730:1 September
704:January 28,
216:unconscious
87:Suffocation
1100:Categories
1012:René Spitz
631:Quackwatch
325:References
212:paramedics
168:See also:
48:1989-11-19
1007:Mary Main
823:cite news
694:1526-8713
662:March 13,
637:March 13,
585:April 18,
502:1538-8883
418:March 13,
510:51242100
293:See also
245:Colorado
221:asphyxia
777:YouTube
606:KCNC-TV
267:Petscop
262:YouTube
210:. When
195:flannel
93:Parents
1078:Others
874:Theory
692:
508:
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117:(born
77:, U.S.
579:(PDF)
572:(PDF)
208:9-1-1
58:, U.S
829:link
758:2023
732:2023
706:2006
690:ISSN
664:2019
639:2019
587:2008
538:2019
506:OCLC
498:ISSN
488:ISBN
420:2019
282:The
273:The
247:and
172:and
64:Died
38:Born
725:EGM
204:CPR
149:in
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
