465:
2029:
140:
31:
2039:
512:
may be considered acceptable excusing conditions because the loss of control is not foreseeable, but falling asleep (especially while driving or during any other safety-critical activity) may not, because natural sleep rarely overcomes an ordinary person without warning.
686:
671:
656:
1920:
740:
2068:
1867:
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733:
500:. In most countries, courts must consider whether unconsciousness in a situation can be accepted as a defense; it can vary from case to case. Hence
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516:
In many countries, it is presumed that someone who is less than fully conscious cannot give
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243:
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17:
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30:
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525:
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332:
266:, and other altered states in which the person responds to stimuli, including
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that allows a defendant to argue that they should not be held criminally
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242:
Loss of consciousness should not be confused with the notion of the
1653:
800:
572:
463:
255:
1847:
1743:
866:
780:
542:
232:
187:
exhibits a complete, or near-complete, inability to maintain an
870:
722:
246:, cognitive processes that take place outside awareness (e.g.,
24:
1516:
Type physicalism (reductive materialism, identity theory)
532:
with regard to starting or stopping a medical treatment.
488:, i.e. a state without control of one's own actions, an
468:
Person passed out on a sidewalk in New York City, 2008
1921:
Association for the
Scientific Study of Consciousness
638:
1906:
1594:
1524:
1396:
1389:
1324:
1218:
1152:
911:
904:
844:
821:
756:
642:
154:
132:
55:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
213:depress the activity of the central nervous system
520:to anything. This can be relevant in cases of
882:
734:
282:Potential causes of unconsciousness include:
195:. Unconsciousness may occur as the result of
8:
203:(inadequate oxygen, possibly due to a brain
191:or to respond to any human or environmental
1393:
908:
889:
875:
867:
741:
727:
719:
639:
138:
129:
1547:Electromagnetic theories of consciousness
115:Learn how and when to remove this message
22:Loss of awareness of self and environment
610:
211:), severe intoxication with drugs that
2069:Symptoms and signs of mental disorders
1557:Higher-order theories of consciousness
407:Other types of heart and lung diseases
1572:Lamme's recurrent feedback hypothesis
147:An unconscious male human lying in a
7:
2038:
53:adding citations to reliable sources
398:Acute respiratory distress syndrome
1863:Subjective character of experience
1759:Neural correlates of consciousness
476:, unconsciousness may entitle the
14:
1893:Von Neumann–Wigner interpretation
1542:Damasio's theory of consciousness
189:awareness of self and environment
2037:
2028:
2027:
1955:Journal of Consciousness Studies
1843:Sociology of human consciousness
1679:Dual consciousness (split-brain)
1582:Orchestrated objective reduction
29:
1961:Online Consciousness Conference
1948:How the Self Controls Its Brain
323:Increased intracranial pressure
252:altered states of consciousness
40:needs additional citations for
1607:Altered state of consciousness
1:
1709:Hard problem of consciousness
1567:Integrated information theory
183:is a state in which a living
2007:What Is It Like to Be a Bat?
1994:The Science of Consciousness
1868:Subjectivity and objectivity
2000:Understanding Consciousness
1927:Consciousness and Cognition
1915:A Universe of Consciousness
771:Persistent vegetative state
2085:
1974:The Astonishing Hypothesis
1669:Disorders of consciousness
750:Disorders of consciousness
244:psychoanalytic unconscious
15:
2023:
1754:Minimally conscious state
1664:Consciousness after death
766:Minimally conscious state
146:
137:
1617:Artificial consciousness
1134:William Kingdon Clifford
338:Hypoxia (lack of oxygen)
297:Intracerebral hemorrhage
1934:Consciousness Explained
1853:Stream of consciousness
1828:Secondary consciousness
1552:Global workspace theory
1537:Dynamic core hypothesis
1532:Attention schema theory
1506:Revisionary materialism
1421:Eliminative materialism
944:Charles Augustus Strong
302:Subarachnoid hemorrhage
272:psychedelic experiences
1988:The Emperor's New Mind
1794:Problem of other minds
1729:Introspection illusion
1562:Holonomic brain theory
919:Alfred North Whitehead
594:Traumatic brain injury
568:Shallow water blackout
469:
287:Traumatic brain injury
197:traumatic brain injury
1789:Primary consciousness
1674:Divided consciousness
1577:Multiple drafts model
1079:Maurice Merleau-Ponty
528:, or patients giving
496:for their actions or
467:
353:Myocardial infarction
1941:Cosmic Consciousness
1779:Philosophical zombie
1719:Higher consciousness
1612:Animal consciousness
1416:Double-aspect theory
949:Christopher Peacocke
449:Excessive blood loss
239:, and other causes.
49:improve this article
1714:Heterophenomenology
1627:Attentional control
1276:Lawrence Weiskrantz
1104:Patricia Churchland
939:Brian O'Shaughnessy
924:Arthur Schopenhauer
403:Respiratory failure
2014:Wider than the Sky
1981:The Conscious Mind
1784:Philosophy of mind
1764:Neurophenomenology
1739:Locked-in syndrome
1734:Knowledge argument
1398:Philosophy of mind
1019:George Henry Lewes
989:Douglas Hofstadter
856:Locked-in syndrome
548:Do not resuscitate
502:epileptic seizures
490:excusing condition
478:criminal defendant
470:
378:Pulmonary embolism
348:Respiratory arrest
248:implicit cognition
2051:
2050:
1749:Mind–body problem
1699:Flash suppression
1659:Cartesian theater
1644:Binocular rivalry
1590:
1589:
1456:Mind–body dualism
1385:
1384:
1372:Victor J. Stenger
1347:Erwin Schrödinger
1301:Stanislas Dehaene
1281:Michael Gazzaniga
1165:Donald D. Hoffman
1049:John Polkinghorne
1029:Gottfried Leibniz
864:
863:
836:Vasovagal episode
716:
715:
508:dysfunctions and
445:, in severe cases
383:Heart enlargement
178:
177:
149:recovery position
127:Medical condition
125:
124:
117:
99:
64:"Unconsciousness"
2076:
2041:
2040:
2031:
2030:
1873:Unconscious mind
1501:Reflexive monism
1496:Property dualism
1471:New mysterianism
1431:Epiphenomenalism
1411:Computationalism
1406:Anomalous monism
1394:
1286:Michael Graziano
1256:Francisco Varela
1160:Carl Gustav Jung
1124:Thomas Metzinger
1094:Martin Heidegger
1074:Kenneth M. Sayre
934:Bertrand Russell
909:
891:
884:
877:
868:
743:
736:
729:
720:
640:
634:
633:
631:
629:
615:
530:informed consent
460:Law and medicine
142:
130:
120:
113:
109:
106:
100:
98:
57:
33:
25:
18:Unconscious mind
2084:
2083:
2079:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2074:
2073:
2054:
2053:
2052:
2047:
2019:
1902:
1878:Unconsciousness
1689:Explanatory gap
1639:Binding problem
1586:
1520:
1381:
1367:Susan Blackmore
1320:
1311:Stuart Hameroff
1231:Antonio Damasio
1214:
1210:Wolfgang Köhler
1148:
1109:Paul Churchland
1014:George Berkeley
984:Donald Davidson
900:
895:
865:
860:
847:
840:
817:
786:Brainstem death
758:Unconsciousness
752:
747:
717:
712:
711:
651:
637:
627:
625:
623:www.nlm.nih.gov
617:
616:
612:
608:
603:
538:
462:
292:Ischemic stroke
280:
227:drugs), severe
181:Unconsciousness
171:
167:
163:
133:Unconsciousness
128:
121:
110:
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58:
56:
46:
34:
23:
20:
12:
11:
5:
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1930:
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1918:
1910:
1908:
1904:
1903:
1901:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1888:Visual masking
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1838:Sentiocentrism
1835:
1830:
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1824:
1823:
1811:
1806:
1801:
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1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1466:Neutral monism
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1446:Interactionism
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1402:
1400:
1391:
1387:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1380:
1379:
1377:Wolfgang Pauli
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1328:
1326:
1322:
1321:
1319:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1306:Steven Laureys
1303:
1298:
1293:
1291:Patrick Wilken
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1261:Gerald Edelman
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1236:Benjamin Libet
1233:
1228:
1222:
1220:
1216:
1215:
1213:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1190:Max Wertheimer
1187:
1182:
1177:
1175:Gustav Fechner
1172:
1170:Franz Brentano
1167:
1162:
1156:
1154:
1150:
1149:
1147:
1146:
1144:William Seager
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1119:René Descartes
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1069:Keith Frankish
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1009:Galen Strawson
1006:
1001:
996:
994:Edmund Husserl
991:
986:
981:
976:
974:David Papineau
971:
966:
964:David Chalmers
961:
959:Daniel Dennett
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
929:Baruch Spinoza
926:
921:
915:
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893:
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731:
723:
714:
713:
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709:
698:
683:
668:
652:
647:
646:
644:
643:Classification
636:
635:
619:"MeSH Browser"
609:
607:
604:
602:
601:
599:Twilight sleep
596:
591:
586:
580:
575:
570:
565:
560:
555:
550:
545:
539:
537:
534:
522:sexual assault
461:
458:
457:
456:
451:
446:
440:
435:
433:Kidney failure
430:
425:
424:
423:
418:
413:
408:
405:
400:
395:
390:
385:
380:
375:
370:
365:
360:
355:
350:
345:
343:Cardiac arrest
335:
330:
325:
320:
315:
310:
304:
299:
294:
289:
279:
276:
209:cardiac arrest
176:
175:
158:
152:
151:
144:
143:
135:
134:
126:
123:
122:
37:
35:
28:
21:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2081:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2064:Consciousness
2062:
2061:
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2036:
2034:
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1982:
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1911:
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1884:
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1844:
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1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
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1822:
1821:
1817:
1816:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1774:Phenomenology
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
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1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1704:Hallucination
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
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1650:
1647:
1645:
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1632:
1628:
1625:
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1620:
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1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1599:
1597:
1593:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1529:
1527:
1523:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1436:Functionalism
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1403:
1401:
1399:
1395:
1392:
1388:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1362:Roger Penrose
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1352:Marvin Minsky
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1342:Eugene Wigner
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1332:Annaka Harris
1330:
1329:
1327:
1323:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1266:Giulio Tononi
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1251:Francis Crick
1249:
1247:
1246:Christof Koch
1244:
1242:
1241:Bernard Baars
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1217:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1205:William James
1203:
1201:
1200:Wilhelm Wundt
1198:
1196:
1195:Sigmund Freud
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1180:Julian Jaynes
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1155:
1151:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1139:William Lycan
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
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1105:
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1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
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60:Find sources:
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38:This article
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1858:Subconscious
1818:
1804:Quantum mind
1296:Roger Sperry
1271:Karl Pribram
1219:Neuroscience
1129:Thomas Nagel
1004:Fred Dretske
979:David Pearce
954:Colin McGinn
831:Heat syncope
757:
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626:. Retrieved
622:
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510:sleepwalking
506:neurological
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373:Pericarditis
328:Encephalitis
281:
250:), and with
241:
180:
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47:Please help
42:verification
39:
1491:Physicalism
1486:Parallelism
1481:Panpsychism
1451:Materialism
1426:Emergentism
1316:Wolf Singer
1185:Kurt Koffka
1114:Philip Goff
1089:Michael Tye
1084:Max Velmans
1064:Karl Popper
1054:John Searle
1039:John Eccles
1024:Georges Rey
776:Obtundation
578:Somnophilia
563:Living will
388:Lung cancer
368:Myocarditis
313:Brain tumor
309:, all types
237:anaesthesia
173:Pulmonology
2058:Categories
1883:Upanishads
1684:Experience
1649:Blindsight
1476:Nondualism
1357:Max Planck
1337:David Bohm
1153:Psychology
1044:John Locke
969:David Hume
912:Philosophy
806:Somnolence
606:References
585:(fainting)
526:euthanasia
486:automatism
363:Arrhythmia
333:Meningitis
219:and other
205:infarction
185:individual
169:Cardiology
161:Psychiatry
75:newspapers
16:See also:
1898:Yogachara
1833:Sentience
1694:Free will
1634:Awareness
1622:Attention
1511:Solipsism
1226:Anil Seth
1099:Ned Block
813:Cataplexy
498:omissions
393:Pneumonia
165:Neurology
156:Specialty
105:June 2007
2033:Category
1769:Ontology
1724:Illusion
1441:Idealism
1390:Theories
628:18 March
558:Hypnosis
536:See also
411:Drowning
264:hypnosis
260:delirium
254:such as
225:sedative
221:hypnotic
193:stimulus
2043:Commons
1820:Purusha
1809:Reentry
1602:Agnosia
1525:Science
905:Figures
823:Syncope
707:D014474
583:Syncope
553:Greyout
518:consent
482:defense
480:to the
416:Choking
307:Seizure
229:fatigue
217:alcohol
215:(e.g.,
89:scholar
1967:Psyche
1814:Sakshi
1799:Qualia
1595:Topics
1461:Monism
1325:Others
791:Stupor
666:MB20.1
589:Trance
494:liable
443:Sepsis
428:Poison
278:Causes
268:trance
91:
84:
77:
70:
62:
1907:Works
1654:Brain
801:Sleep
796:Sopor
681:R40.2
573:Sleep
454:Shock
256:sleep
96:JSTOR
82:books
1848:Soul
1744:Mind
781:Coma
702:MeSH
691:9-CM
630:2018
543:Coma
270:and
233:pain
68:news
696:xxx
687:ICD
672:ICD
657:ICD
484:of
472:In
223:or
207:or
51:by
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