27:
177:
adhere to the conditions of the peace treaty. Ranuccio refused to pay the agreed reparations. He also refused to admit the newly appointed bishop of Castro. When the latter was on his way to take possession of his see, he was murdered, a crime for which
Innocent X placed the blame on Ranuccio. He
178:
sent troops to Castro and had the city razed on 2 September 1649. He erected a column reading "Quì fu Castro" ("Here stood Castro"). It was never rebuilt. The seat of the diocese of Castro, which is believed to have dated back to the 8th century, was transferred to
166:
who responded by sending an army to occupy Castro. The
Farnese and the papacy fought a stalemate war and the Pope agreed to treaty terms only months before his death in 1644.
327:
312:
301:
463:
376:
226:
453:
118:. The town, which in the meantime had been reduced to "gypsies' huts" (in the words of a contemporary), was reconstructed according to the design of
433:
351:
363:
99:, whose family was to rule Castro until the 17th century. In the same year another Farnese, Gian Galeazzo, sacked it in the wake of the
443:
174:
448:
119:
324:
320:
309:
298:
155:
438:
394:
144:
treated Castro well and consecutive family patriarchs made improvements to the city including churches and their own
468:
458:
279:
100:
220:
115:
96:
347:
249:
141:
48:
331:
316:
305:
191:
170:
163:
131:
111:
76:
254:
135:
60:
20:
427:
259:
179:
152:
107:
92:
38:
95:. In 1527 a pro-independence faction assumed power, but they were later ousted by
91:), hence the name. Although an autonomous commune, it remained nonetheless under
195:
84:
72:
385:
409:
396:
159:
26:
80:
382:– Author George Dennis describes the ruins of Castro in this 1848 book.
211:
43:
388:– a brief description of Castro's history, and how it appears today.
187:
56:
52:
106:
Ten years later, in 1537, three years after the election of
16:
Ancient city in Ischia di Castro, northern Lazio, Italy
173:
replaced Urban, he demanded that Duke
Odoardo's son
151:Between 1639 and 1641, the Farnese, then led by
75:times, and was later the seat of an unspecified
182:. No longer a residential bishopric, Castro (
8:
59:. It was destroyed at the conclusion of the
110:as Pope Paul III, it became the seat of an
19:For the city in the province of Lecce, see
225:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
236:Storia di Castro e della sua distruzione
71:The settlement of Castro was founded in
37:was an ancient city on the west side of
25:
464:Populated places disestablished in 1649
281:Series episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae
271:
158:, came into conflict with the powerful
218:
126:The Renaissance and the Wars of Castro
7:
378:The Cities and Cemeteries of Etruria
175:Ranuccio II Farnese, Duke of Parma
14:
346:(Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013
454:Former populated places in Italy
295:Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi
120:Antonio da Sangallo the Younger
364:"History: Facts & Persons"
1:
434:Archaeological sites in Lazio
366:. Retrieved January 23, 2005.
284:, Leipzig 1931, pp. 659–660
485:
129:
18:
444:Cities and towns in Lazio
386:"Farnese and its history"
190:) is today listed by the
344:Annuario Pontificio 2013
87:it had a castle (Latin:
449:1649 disestablishments
278:Pius Bonifacius Gams,
31:
30:View of Castro (1663).
410:42.53278°N 11.64861°E
63:in the 17th century.
29:
439:Roman sites in Lazio
406: /
210:La Cartagine della
208:Cavoli, A. (1990).
41:in the present-day
415:42.53278; 11.64861
362:Cigola, Riccardo.
330:2018-10-04 at the
315:2018-10-04 at the
304:2019-07-09 at the
116:Pier Luigi Farnese
108:Alessandro Farnese
97:Pier Luigi Farnese
32:
352:978-88-209-9070-1
112:independent duchy
476:
421:
420:
418:
417:
416:
411:
407:
404:
403:
402:
399:
355:
341:
335:
319:, pp. xix, 121;
291:
285:
276:
250:House of Farnese
239:
230:
224:
216:
93:papal suzerainty
49:Ischia di Castro
484:
483:
479:
478:
477:
475:
474:
473:
469:Duchy of Castro
424:
423:
414:
412:
408:
405:
400:
397:
395:
393:
392:
373:
359:
358:
342:
338:
332:Wayback Machine
317:Wayback Machine
308:, pp. 173–174;
306:Wayback Machine
292:
288:
277:
273:
268:
246:
233:
217:
207:
204:
192:Catholic Church
171:Pope Innocent X
164:Pope Urban VIII
156:Odoardo Farnese
146:Palazzo Farnese
138:
132:Duchy of Castro
130:Main articles:
128:
79:city, probably
69:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
482:
480:
472:
471:
466:
461:
456:
451:
446:
441:
436:
426:
425:
390:
389:
383:
380:, Chapter XXIV
372:
371:External links
369:
368:
367:
357:
356:
336:
293:Konrad Eubel,
286:
270:
269:
267:
264:
263:
262:
257:
255:Wars of Castro
252:
245:
242:
241:
240:
231:
203:
200:
136:Wars of Castro
127:
124:
114:under his son
68:
65:
61:Wars of Castro
21:Castro, Apulia
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
481:
470:
467:
465:
462:
460:
457:
455:
452:
450:
447:
445:
442:
440:
437:
435:
432:
431:
429:
422:
419:
387:
384:
381:
379:
375:
374:
370:
365:
361:
360:
353:
349:
345:
340:
337:
333:
329:
326:
322:
318:
314:
311:
307:
303:
300:
296:
290:
287:
283:
282:
275:
272:
265:
261:
260:Annibale Caro
258:
256:
253:
251:
248:
247:
243:
237:
232:
228:
222:
214:
213:
206:
205:
201:
199:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
180:Acquapendente
176:
172:
167:
165:
161:
157:
154:
153:Duke of Parma
149:
147:
143:
137:
133:
125:
123:
121:
117:
113:
109:
104:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
67:Early history
66:
64:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
45:
40:
36:
28:
22:
459:Razed cities
391:
377:
343:
339:
294:
289:
280:
274:
235:
209:
183:
168:
150:
145:
139:
105:
101:Sack of Rome
88:
70:
42:
39:Lake Bolsena
34:
33:
413: /
196:titular see
85:Middle Ages
73:prehistoric
51:, northern
428:Categories
401:11°38′55″E
398:42°31′58″N
323:, p. 157;
266:References
162:family of
354:), p. 862
234:Luzi, R.
221:cite book
160:Barberini
83:. In the
334:, p. 140
328:Archived
313:Archived
302:Archived
244:See also
81:Statonia
77:Etruscan
215:. Rome.
212:Maremma
202:Sources
184:Castrum
142:Farnese
89:castrum
350:
325:vol. 4
321:vol. 3
310:vol. 2
299:vol. 1
44:comune
35:Castro
194:as a
188:Latin
169:When
57:Italy
53:Lazio
348:ISBN
227:link
140:The
134:and
186:in
47:of
430::
297:,
223:}}
219:{{
198:.
148:.
122:.
103:.
55:,
238:.
229:)
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
