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513:, while those from elsewhere in Africa and Madagascar tended to work as farmhands and were not freed at the same rate. In the latter part of the 18th century, conversions to Islam of rural non-Asian slaves increased due to a Dutch colonial law that encouraged owners to educate their slaves in Christianity, and following their
621:
The Cape Malay identity can be considered the product of a set of histories and communities as much as it is a definition of an ethnic group. Since many Cape Malay people have found their Muslim identity to be more salient than their "Malay" ancestry, in some contexts, they have been described as
548:
of
Muslims, though they came from East Africa, Madagascar, and India as well as Indonesia, and established the moniker "Malay" for all Muslims at the Cape, irrespective of their geographic origins. By the 19th century, the term was used to describe anyone at the Cape who was a practising Muslim,
568:
were diminished due to the
British ban on slave imports in 1808, reducing the need to communicate with newcomers. Asian and non-Asian Muslims interacted socially despite the initial linguistic differences and gradually blended into a single community. In 1836, the British colonial authorities
466:, who resisted the company's rule in Southeast Asia, were exiled to South Africa. They were followed by slaves from other parts of Asia and Africa. Although it is not possible to accurately reconstruct the origins of slaves in the Cape, it has been estimated that roughly equal proportions of
537:
and began phasing out slavery in the first half of the 19th century, the newly freed non-Asian Muslim rural slaves moved to Cape Town, the only centre of
Islamic faith in the region. The South and Southeast Asians constituted the Muslim establishment in the colony, and the newly freed slaves
504:
Although the majority of slaves from
Southeast Asia were already Muslims, along with many Indians, those from Madagascar and elsewhere in Africa were not. The slaves from Asia tended to work in semi-skilled and domestic roles, and they made up a disproportionate share of 18th-century
728:
The founders of the Cape Malay community were the first to bring Islam to South Africa. The community's culture and traditions have also left an impact that is felt to this day. The Muslim community in Cape Town remains large and has expanded significantly since its inception.
1181:. This was welcomed by the Malaysian government and many others in the Southeast Asian region. Non-governmental organisations, such as the Federation of Malaysia Writers' Associations, have since set on linking up with the diasporic Cape Malay community.
677:), although black was also common, and more recently, other colours have become popular. The last fez-maker in Cape Town closed shop in March 2022; 76-year-old Gosain Samsodien had been making fezzes in his home factory in
1080:" of the musical subculture. The contest involves thousands of musicians and a wide variety of tunes, with all-male choirs from the Malay community competing for the prize. A 2009 documentary film directed by
1320:
367:
Although early members of the community were from the Dutch colonies of
Southeast Asia, by the 1800s, the term "Malay" encompassed all practising Muslims at the Cape regardless of origin. Since they used
741:
emerged among the enslaved community and later spread among colonial
European residents of Cape Town between the 1780s and the 1930s. A unique dialect formed during this period from a substrate of
517:, to allow them to buy their freedom. This consequently resulted in slave owners, fearful of losing their slaves, not enforcing Christianity amongst them. This, in turn, allowed Islamic
2227:
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673:(Islamic schools) in Cape Town. Effendi, in common with many Turkish Muslims, wore a distinctive red fez. Many Cape Malay men continue to wear the red fez (in particular the
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to ease communication between Asian and non-Asian
Muslims (who had adopted the Dutch used by their masters), and because the utility of Malay and the
1388:
622:"Cape Malay", or "Malays", and others as "Cape Muslim" by people both inside and outside of the community. Cape Malay ancestry includes people from
3287:
2213:
1576:
1638:
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348:. They are the descendants of enslaved and free Muslims from different parts of the world, specifically Indonesia (at that time known as the
1440:
580:, though the delineation of Malays and the remaining defined Coloured subgroups by government officials was often imprecise and subjective.
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478:(Southeast Asians), and continental Africans were imported, with other estimates showing that the majority of slaves originated in
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2800:
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1323:[Malay Minorities and Diaspora; Migration and Self Identity] (in Malay). Malay Civilization Seminar 1. Archived from
46:
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It is estimated that there are about 166,000 people in Cape Town who could be described as Cape Malay, and about 10,000 in
2841:
2244:
2236:
89:
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estimated that the Cape Malay population at the time was around 5,000 out of a total population for the Cape of 130,486.
3403:
3122:
1812:
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61:
42:
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1989:
1102:
1105:(formerly known as the Coon Carnival) is a deep-rooted Cape Malay cultural event; it incorporates the comic song, or
3272:
2966:
2911:
2810:
2572:
1221:"From Kitaab-Hollandsch to Kitaab-Afrikaans: The evolution of a non-white literary variety at the Cape (1856-1940)"
68:
2194:
2056:
634:" migrants to the Cape married into the Cape Malay community, with their children being classified as Cape Malay.
35:
3341:
2795:
2597:
1691:"Life and Contribution of Osmanli Scholar, Abu bakr Effendi, towards Islamic thought and Culture in South Africa"
1032:
471:
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151:
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3204:
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1976:
425:
1353:
Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en
Volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia
1826:
1697:
1065:, and the words and music often reflect sadness and other emotions related to the effect of enslavement. The
75:
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2625:
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1954:
1396:
1349:"Religious and secular Cape Malay Afrikaans: Literary varieties used by Shaykh Hanif Edwards (1906-1958)"
1129:), is also closely associated with Cape Malay music, along with other percussion instruments such as the
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436:) as a resupply station for ships travelling between Europe and Asia, which developed into the city of
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1472:
Africanderisms; a glossary of South
African colloquial words and phrases and of place and other names
223:
3209:
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2014:
1044:
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1984:
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311:
138:
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1888:
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1370:
712:, were forcefully removed from their homes by the apartheid government and redistributed into
565:
441:
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1949:
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The
Population Registration Act and Popular Understandings of Race: A case study of Sydenham
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1000:
877:
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The Cape Malay community developed a characteristic musical style. This includes a secular
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82:
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and language of religious instruction, the community began to be referred to as Malays.
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in South Africa. Sheikh Madura was exiled in the 1740s and died on Robben Island; his
3392:
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2815:
2712:
2707:
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2424:
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977:
862:
749:), from which all major Dutch East India Company shipments took place, combined with
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has been traditionally used mostly for marching or rhythmic songs known as the
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before they, among other South African people of diverse ethnicity, mainly
1599:"The Beginnings of Protest, 1860–1923 | South African History Online"
658:
2542:
2515:
2296:
2136:"Gapena and the Cape Malays: Initiating Connections, Constructing Images"
1276:"The Cape Malay:The Quest for 'Malay' Identity in Apartheid South Africa"
1095:
905:
670:
627:
614:) also known as Cape Muslims or simply Malays, are a Muslim community or
573:
463:
403:
1772:"Last of his kind: Traditional fez maker in Kensington hangs up his hat"
761:
influences. A significant number of this vocabulary has survived in the
3114:
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2048:
2029:
1061:. The language and musical style of this genre reflects the history of
989:
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2024:
Festival de Cine Africano de Tarifa / Tarifa African Film Festival
1026:
1014:
956:
587:
530:
from Southeast Asia who settled in the Bo-Kaap area of Cape Town.
455:
2186:"Conflict of Identities: The Case of South Africa's Cape Malays"
1177:
Connections between Malaysians and South Africans improved when
494:
3118:
2962:
2830:
2209:
1798:"1699 by Ebrahim Mahomed Mahida – South African History Online"
383:
area. The community played an important role in the history of
1630:
Cape Town: The Making of a City: an Illustrated Social History
1567:
1565:
18:
1662:"Ottoman descendants in South Africa get Turkish citizenship"
1253:"The Indonesian anti-colonial roots of Islam in South Africa"
2035:
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported license
1627:
Worden, N.; Van Heyningen, E.; Bickford-Smith, V. (2004).
1321:"Melayu Minoriti dan Diaspora; Penghijrahan dan Jati Diri"
657:. At a time when most imams in the Cape were teaching the
1857:"; Lexical and phonological echoes of Malay in Cape Town"
1347:
Stell, Gerald; Luffin, Xavier; Rakiep, Muttaqin (2008).
2149:. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia: 47–66. Archived from
2202:(formerly the Robben Island Mazaar (Kramat) Committee)
1464:
1462:
1308:. London: Hutchinson University Library. p. 47.
444:(present-day Indonesia), which formed a part of the
3350:
3317:
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3187:
3152:
2768:
2721:
2688:
2563:
2514:
2494:
2442:
2366:
2252:
2243:
1504:"Race Classification Board: An appalling 'science'"
637:Muslim men in the Cape started wearing the Turkish
249:
237:
204:
174:
164:
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1435:
1433:
1420:"Bo-Kaap's complicated history and its many myths"
387:, and its culinary culture is an integral part of
1342:
1340:
1338:
1336:
1334:
1179:South Africa rejoined the international community
2191:Information about Cape Malay musical instruments
1573:"Cape Malay | South African History Online"
779:Cape equivalent, with attested Dutch ortography
542:used by the Asians. Thus, Malay was the initial
524:There were also skilled Muslim labourers called
1715:"Man demonstrates how a fez is made, Cape Town"
1506:. Heritage.thetimes.co.za. 2007. Archived from
1019:A Malay choir performs at a competition in the
605:
489:brought from Southeast Asia were imprisoned on
319:
130:
1861:Wacana, Journal of the Humanities of Indonesia
1746:"Watch: The Cape's last fez maker closes shop"
1169:, while the guitar is used for lyrical songs.
352:) and other Asian countries, who lived at the
3130:
2974:
2842:
2221:
1855:Kanala, tamaaf, tramkassie, en stuur krieslam
1622:
1620:
693:. The Malay Quarter of Cape Town is found on
8:
485:Many "Indiaanen" and "Mohammedaanen" Muslim
126:
2009:
2007:
1796:Mahida, Ebrahim Mahomed (13 January 2012).
1489:The British Colonial Library: In 12 volumes
420:Islam in South Africa § The VOC period
3137:
3123:
3115:
2981:
2967:
2959:
2849:
2835:
2827:
2249:
2228:
2214:
2206:
493:. Among these were Tuan Guru, first chief
150:
125:
1943:
1941:
1889:"Bo-Kaap: o bairro colorido de Cape Town"
1872:
1364:
1236:
999:are staples in many South African homes.
975:Adaptations of traditional foods such as
572:"Malay" was legally a subcategory of the
452:, which they held from 1641 until 1824.
402:"Malay" was legally a subcategory of the
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
2181:– early context for Cape Malay community
2111:"Musical instruments of the Cape Malays"
1802:History of Muslims in South Africa: 1652
770:
298:
3414:History of the Dutch East India Company
1916:"Faldela Williams lives on in cookbook"
1319:Wan Hashim Wan Teh (24 November 2009).
1190:
665:, Effendi was the first teacher of the
462:, a Makassarese noble and scholar from
2080:"Some unique Cape musical instruments"
553:having overtaken Malay as the group's
3399:South African people of Malay descent
2059:from the original on 24 February 2007
1575:. V1.sahistory.org.za. Archived from
1475:. Longmans, Green and Co. p. 51.
704:Many Cape Malay people also lived in
560:The community adopted Afrikaans as a
156:Cape Malay brides and bridesmaids in
7:
2143:SARI: Jurnal Alam Dan Tamadun Melayu
2109:Kirby, Percival R. (December 1939).
1948:De Waal, Shaun (16 September 2009).
1827:"History of Muslims in South Africa"
1145:). Stringed instruments include the
626:and Southeast Asia, Madagascar, and
175:Regions with significant populations
47:adding citations to reliable sources
2876:Australia (Cocos (Keeling) Islands)
2179:Official South African history site
2090:from the original on 11 August 2006
2047:Desai, Desmond (24 February 2007).
2022:(in French, Spanish, and English).
1532:South Africa: no easy path to peace
1117:. A barrel-shaped drum, called the
1057:type of Dutch origin, known as the
606:
440:. The Dutch had also colonised the
320:
1895:(in Portuguese). 15 September 2021
1486:Martin, Robert Montgomery (1836).
1225:Stellenbosch Papers in Linguistics
768:spoken by subsequent generations.
303:Bo-Kaap, Cape Town's Malay Quarter
14:
2078:Desai, Desmond (11 August 2006).
2026:(FCAT). May 2010. pp. 86–87.
1719:UCT Libraries Digital Collections
1535:. Methuen paperback. p. 73.
1003:wrote three cookbooks, including
3178:
3097:
3085:
3073:
3061:
3049:
3037:
3025:
3013:
3001:
2941:
2929:
2917:
2905:
2893:
2881:
2869:
2116:South African Journal of Science
2028:
1770:Landsberg, Ian (14 March 2022).
1744:Landsberg, Ian (17 March 2022).
397:initially using an Arabic script
181:
23:
1441:"Indian slaves in South Africa"
1274:Vahed, Goolam (13 April 2016).
1073:and is unique in South Africa.
745:spoken in Batavia (present-day
501:(shrine) is still there today.
379:Malays are concentrated in the
34:needs additional citations for
1918:. Johannesburg, South Africa:
1696:. pp. 7–8. Archived from
1395:. 27 July 2003. Archived from
1302:"Ch. VI: The Dutch at Malacca"
1278:. South African History Online
509:, who subsequently settled in
1:
2237:Ethnic groups in South Africa
1914:Lewis, Esther (27 May 2014).
1199:"Malay, Cape in South Africa"
1031:A Malay choir performs at an
630:descent. Later, Muslim male "
1813:South African History Online
428:established a colony at the
16:Ethnic group in South Africa
1950:"The Song remains the same"
1555:Vashna Jagarnath, June 2005
1231:. Stellenbosch University.
1173:International relationships
1109:(often also referred to as
1103:Cape Town Minstrel Carnival
1069:shows the influence of the
448:for several centuries, and
391:. Malays helped to develop
3430:
1298:Winstedt, Sir Richard Olof
1071:Arabesque style of singing
1042:
968:
674:
566:Malayo-Portuguese language
417:
3176:
2996:
2864:
1874:10.17510/wacana.v22i1.953
1851:Hoogervorst, Tom (2021).
1469:Pettman, Charles (1913).
1366:10.1163/22134379-90003687
1098:competing for the award.
965:, adapted from South Asia
538:subsequently adopted the
254:
242:
209:
179:
169:
149:
2184:Haron, Muhammed (2001).
2134:Haron, Muhammed (2005).
1492:. Mortimer. p. 125.
645:, an imam sent from the
592:Cape Malay flower-seller
426:Dutch East India Company
406:racial group during the
3330:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
1955:The Mail & Guardian
1723:University of Cape Town
1113:songs), as well as the
1076:The Silver Fez is the "
1035:-sponsored ceremony in
1005:The Cape Malay Cookbook
669:school and established
521:to convert the slaves.
395:as a written language,
1529:Leach, Graham (1987).
1306:Malaya and Its History
1219:Stell, Gerald (2007).
1040:
1024:
966:
795:to study with someone
653:to teach Islam in the
649:at the request of the
601:
593:
315:
304:
131:
1689:Argun, Selim (2000).
1063:South African slavery
1030:
1018:
971:South African cuisine
960:
663:Islamic jurisprudence
641:after the arrival of
591:
535:British took the Cape
418:Further information:
389:South African cuisine
385:Islam in South Africa
302:
250:Related ethnic groups
215:South African English
3373:Overseas Minangkabau
3288:United Arab Emirates
3146:Overseas Indonesians
1393:Robben Island Museum
43:improve this article
3404:Indonesian diaspora
2200:Cape Mazaar Society
2156:on 29 November 2016
1926:on 13 November 2016
1670:. 17 September 2020
1399:on 9 September 2005
1045:Ghoema Music Awards
1039:, Cape Town (2001).
1023:, Cape Town (2001).
892:farm or work boots
792:<banghoeroe>
772:
487:political prisoners
146:
3378:Overseas Moluccans
2033:Available under a
1703:on 31 August 2011.
1041:
1025:
967:
902:<tamploera>
889:<kaparrang>
771:
697:and is called the
594:
576:race group during
305:
3386:
3385:
3363:Overseas Javanese
3358:Overseas Acehnese
3112:
3111:
2990:Javanese diaspora
2956:
2955:
2824:
2823:
2510:
2509:
2037:. (See talk page)
1640:978-0-86486-656-1
1579:on 4 October 2011
1542:978-0-413-15330-2
950:
949:
859:<katonkel>
846:<djammang>
618:in South Africa.
596:The Cape Malays (
584:Cultural identity
442:Dutch East Indies
434:Dutch Cape Colony
430:Cape of Good Hope
350:Dutch East Indies
297:
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200:
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119:
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2376:Basotho/S. Sotho
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2011:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1997:
1981:
1980:(text and video)
1977:"The Silver Fez"
1973:
1967:
1966:
1964:
1962:
1945:
1936:
1935:
1933:
1931:
1922:. Archived from
1911:
1905:
1904:
1902:
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1633:. David Philip.
1624:
1615:
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1610:
1605:. 6 October 2011
1603:Sahistory.org.za
1595:
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1584:
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1510:on 23 April 2012
1500:
1494:
1493:
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1466:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1447:on 20 March 2008
1443:. Archived from
1437:
1428:
1427:
1418:Davis, Rebecca.
1415:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1385:
1379:
1378:
1368:
1359:(2–3): 289–325.
1344:
1329:
1328:
1327:on 22 July 2011.
1316:
1310:
1309:
1294:
1288:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1271:
1265:
1264:
1262:
1260:
1255:. 25 August 2016
1249:
1243:
1242:
1240:
1216:
1210:
1209:
1207:
1205:
1195:
1094:, focuses on an
1021:Good Hope Centre
1001:Faldela Williams
874:<kewassa>
773:
643:Abu Bakr Effendi
632:Passenger Indian
609:
608:
458:figures such as
328:) also known as
323:
322:
232:Arabic Afrikaans
192:
187:
185:
184:
165:Total population
154:
147:
142:
134:
129:
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
3429:
3428:
3424:
3423:
3422:
3420:
3419:
3418:
3389:
3388:
3387:
3382:
3368:Overseas Malays
3346:
3313:
3292:
3219:
3183:
3174:
3148:
3143:
3113:
3108:
3098:
3096:
3086:
3084:
3074:
3072:
3062:
3060:
3050:
3048:
3038:
3036:
3026:
3024:
3014:
3012:
3002:
3000:
2992:
2987:
2957:
2952:
2942:
2940:
2930:
2928:
2918:
2916:
2906:
2904:
2894:
2892:
2882:
2880:
2870:
2868:
2860:
2858:Overseas Malays
2855:
2825:
2820:
2764:
2754:
2747:
2717:
2684:
2635:
2596:
2589:
2582:
2559:
2506:
2490:
2438:
2429:
2415:
2408:
2394:
2387:
2380:
2362:
2353:
2346:
2332:
2325:
2318:
2311:
2239:
2234:
2175:
2173:Further reading
2170:
2169:
2159:
2157:
2153:
2138:
2133:
2132:
2128:
2108:
2107:
2103:
2093:
2091:
2077:
2076:
2072:
2062:
2060:
2046:
2045:
2041:
2019:
2013:
2012:
2005:
1995:
1993:
1979:
1975:
1974:
1970:
1960:
1958:
1947:
1946:
1939:
1929:
1927:
1913:
1912:
1908:
1898:
1896:
1887:
1886:
1882:
1850:
1849:
1845:
1835:
1833:
1825:
1824:
1820:
1806:
1804:
1795:
1794:
1790:
1780:
1778:
1769:
1768:
1764:
1754:
1752:
1750:The Daily Voice
1743:
1742:
1738:
1728:
1726:
1713:
1712:
1708:
1700:
1693:
1688:
1687:
1683:
1673:
1671:
1660:
1659:
1655:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1626:
1625:
1618:
1608:
1606:
1597:
1596:
1592:
1582:
1580:
1571:
1570:
1563:
1554:
1550:
1543:
1528:
1527:
1523:
1513:
1511:
1502:
1501:
1497:
1485:
1484:
1480:
1468:
1467:
1460:
1450:
1448:
1439:
1438:
1431:
1417:
1416:
1412:
1402:
1400:
1387:
1386:
1382:
1346:
1345:
1332:
1318:
1317:
1313:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1281:
1279:
1273:
1272:
1268:
1258:
1256:
1251:
1250:
1246:
1238:10.5774/37-0-16
1218:
1217:
1213:
1203:
1201:
1197:
1196:
1192:
1187:
1175:
1157:(also known as
1051:
1013:
973:
955:
943:<tamaaf>
930:<panaar>
917:<oeroer>
831:<sambok>
776:Original Malay
735:
726:
687:
602:Kaapse Maleiers
586:
422:
416:
316:Kaapse Maleiers
217:
191:
182:
180:
160:
143:
136:
132:Kaapse Maleiers
128:
124:
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3427:
3425:
3417:
3416:
3411:
3409:Malay diaspora
3406:
3401:
3391:
3390:
3384:
3383:
3381:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3354:
3352:
3348:
3347:
3345:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3333:
3332:
3321:
3319:
3315:
3314:
3312:
3311:
3309:United Kingdom
3306:
3300:
3298:
3294:
3293:
3291:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3249:
3248:
3238:
3233:
3227:
3225:
3221:
3220:
3218:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3191:
3189:
3185:
3184:
3177:
3175:
3173:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3156:
3154:
3150:
3149:
3144:
3142:
3141:
3134:
3127:
3119:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3106:
3094:
3082:
3070:
3058:
3046:
3034:
3022:
3010:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2988:
2986:
2985:
2978:
2971:
2963:
2954:
2953:
2951:
2950:
2938:
2926:
2914:
2902:
2890:
2878:
2865:
2862:
2861:
2856:
2854:
2853:
2846:
2839:
2831:
2822:
2821:
2819:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2772:
2770:
2766:
2765:
2763:
2762:
2759:
2758:
2757:
2752:
2742:
2739:
2736:
2735:Telegu/Andhras
2733:
2727:
2725:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2698:Cape Coloureds
2694:
2692:
2686:
2685:
2683:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2641:
2640:
2637:Afrikaner-Jews
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2602:
2601:
2594:
2587:
2575:
2569:
2567:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2557:
2556:
2555:
2550:
2540:
2539:
2538:
2535:
2524:
2522:
2512:
2511:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2500:
2498:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2488:
2485:
2482:
2479:
2476:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2464:
2461:
2458:
2455:
2452:
2448:
2446:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2436:
2435:
2434:
2422:
2421:
2420:
2413:
2401:
2400:
2399:
2392:
2385:
2372:
2370:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2358:
2351:
2339:
2338:
2337:
2330:
2323:
2316:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2258:
2256:
2247:
2245:Bantu-speaking
2241:
2240:
2235:
2233:
2232:
2225:
2218:
2210:
2204:
2203:
2197:
2188:
2182:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2167:
2126:
2101:
2070:
2039:
2003:
1992:. 15 June 2009
1968:
1937:
1906:
1880:
1843:
1818:
1788:
1762:
1736:
1725:. 22 July 1970
1706:
1681:
1653:
1639:
1616:
1590:
1561:
1548:
1541:
1521:
1495:
1478:
1458:
1429:
1410:
1380:
1330:
1311:
1289:
1266:
1244:
1211:
1189:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1174:
1171:
1125:, or known as
1121:(also spelled
1115:nederlandslied
1091:The Silver Fez
1086:Shifty Records
1067:nederlandslied
1059:nederlandslied
1049:The Silver Fez
1012:
1009:
954:
951:
948:
947:
944:
941:
935:
934:
931:
928:
922:
921:
918:
915:
909:
908:
903:
900:
894:
893:
890:
887:
881:
880:
875:
872:
866:
865:
860:
857:
851:
850:
847:
844:
838:
837:
832:
829:
823:
822:
819:
818:<goeni>
816:
810:
809:
806:
803:
797:
796:
793:
790:
784:
783:
780:
777:
734:
731:
725:
722:
710:Cape Coloureds
686:
683:
681:for 25 years.
651:British Empire
647:Ottoman Empire
612:Arabies script
585:
582:
540:Malay language
415:
412:
295:
294:
280:Cape Coloureds
252:
251:
247:
246:
240:
239:
235:
234:
207:
206:
202:
201:
177:
176:
172:
171:
167:
166:
162:
161:
155:
122:
117:
116:
99:September 2024
31:
29:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3426:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3355:
3353:
3349:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3337:New Caledonia
3335:
3331:
3328:
3327:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3320:
3316:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3301:
3299:
3295:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3247:
3244:
3243:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3222:
3216:
3215:United States
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3205:French Guiana
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3192:
3190:
3186:
3181:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3157:
3155:
3151:
3147:
3140:
3135:
3133:
3128:
3126:
3121:
3120:
3117:
3105:
3095:
3093:
3083:
3081:
3071:
3069:
3059:
3057:
3056:New Caledonia
3047:
3045:
3035:
3033:
3032:French Guiana
3023:
3021:
3011:
3009:
2999:
2998:
2995:
2991:
2984:
2979:
2977:
2972:
2970:
2965:
2964:
2961:
2949:
2939:
2937:
2927:
2925:
2915:
2913:
2903:
2901:
2891:
2889:
2879:
2877:
2867:
2866:
2863:
2859:
2852:
2847:
2845:
2840:
2838:
2833:
2832:
2829:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2773:
2771:
2767:
2760:
2753:
2750:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2728:
2726:
2724:
2720:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2695:
2693:
2691:
2687:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2638:
2634:
2633:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2599:
2595:
2592:
2588:
2585:
2581:
2580:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2570:
2568:
2566:
2562:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2545:
2544:
2541:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2530:
2529:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2497:
2493:
2486:
2483:
2480:
2477:
2474:
2471:
2468:
2465:
2462:
2459:
2456:
2453:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2445:
2441:
2432:
2428:
2427:
2426:
2423:
2418:
2414:
2411:
2407:
2406:
2405:
2404:Pedi/N. Sotho
2402:
2397:
2393:
2390:
2386:
2383:
2379:
2378:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2371:
2369:
2365:
2356:
2352:
2349:
2345:
2344:
2343:
2340:
2335:
2331:
2328:
2324:
2321:
2317:
2314:
2310:
2309:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2231:
2226:
2224:
2219:
2217:
2212:
2211:
2208:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2183:
2180:
2177:
2176:
2172:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2137:
2130:
2127:
2122:
2118:
2117:
2112:
2105:
2102:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2074:
2071:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2043:
2040:
2036:
2031:
2025:
2018:
2017:
2010:
2008:
2004:
1991:
1987:
1986:
1978:
1972:
1969:
1957:
1956:
1951:
1944:
1942:
1938:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1910:
1907:
1894:
1890:
1884:
1881:
1875:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1856:
1847:
1844:
1832:
1828:
1822:
1819:
1814:
1803:
1799:
1792:
1789:
1777:
1773:
1766:
1763:
1751:
1747:
1740:
1737:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1710:
1707:
1699:
1692:
1685:
1682:
1669:
1668:
1663:
1657:
1654:
1642:
1636:
1632:
1631:
1623:
1621:
1617:
1604:
1600:
1594:
1591:
1578:
1574:
1568:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1552:
1549:
1544:
1538:
1534:
1533:
1525:
1522:
1509:
1505:
1499:
1496:
1491:
1490:
1482:
1479:
1474:
1473:
1465:
1463:
1459:
1446:
1442:
1436:
1434:
1430:
1425:
1421:
1414:
1411:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1384:
1381:
1376:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1343:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1331:
1326:
1322:
1315:
1312:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1293:
1290:
1277:
1270:
1267:
1254:
1248:
1245:
1239:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1215:
1212:
1200:
1194:
1191:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1172:
1170:
1168:
1167:ghommaliedjie
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1099:
1097:
1093:
1092:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1074:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1050:
1046:
1038:
1034:
1029:
1022:
1017:
1010:
1008:
1006:
1002:
998:
997:
992:
991:
986:
985:
980:
979:
972:
964:
959:
952:
945:
942:
940:
937:
936:
932:
929:
927:
924:
923:
919:
916:
914:
911:
910:
907:
904:
901:
899:
896:
895:
891:
888:
886:
883:
882:
879:
876:
873:
871:
868:
867:
864:
863:skipjack tuna
861:
858:
856:
853:
852:
848:
845:
843:
840:
839:
836:
833:
830:
828:
825:
824:
820:
817:
815:
812:
811:
807:
805:<piki>
804:
802:
799:
798:
794:
791:
789:
786:
785:
781:
778:
775:
774:
769:
767:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
737:A dialect of
732:
730:
723:
721:
719:
715:
711:
707:
702:
700:
696:
692:
684:
682:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
635:
633:
629:
625:
619:
617:
613:
603:
599:
590:
583:
581:
579:
575:
570:
567:
563:
562:lingua franca
558:
556:
555:lingua franca
552:
547:
546:
545:lingua franca
541:
536:
531:
529:
528:
522:
520:
519:proselytisers
516:
512:
508:
502:
500:
496:
492:
491:Robben Island
488:
483:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
451:
450:Dutch Malacca
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
421:
413:
411:
409:
405:
400:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
377:
375:
374:lingua franca
371:
365:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
340:community or
339:
335:
331:
327:
326:Arabic script
317:
313:
309:
301:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
248:
245:
241:
236:
233:
229:
225:
221:
218:Historically
216:
212:
208:
203:
199:
195:
190:
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60: –
59:
58:"Cape Malays"
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
3263:Saudi Arabia
3170:South Africa
3169:
3080:South Africa
3079:
2936:South Africa
2935:
2924:Saudi Arabia
2702:
2368:Sotho-Tswana
2158:. Retrieved
2151:the original
2146:
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2104:
2092:. Retrieved
2083:
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2061:. Retrieved
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2015:
1994:. Retrieved
1983:
1971:
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1953:
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1924:the original
1909:
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1867:(1): 22–57.
1864:
1860:
1854:
1846:
1836:15 September
1834:. Retrieved
1830:
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1811:– via
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1698:the original
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1577:the original
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1325:the original
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1084:(founder of
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1037:District Six
1004:
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898:tempat ludah
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855:ikan tongkol
854:
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706:District Six
703:
691:Johannesburg
688:
685:Demographics
675:Malay choirs
636:
620:
616:ethnic group
595:
571:
561:
559:
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543:
532:
525:
523:
507:manumissions
503:
484:
476:Insulindians
460:Sheikh Yusuf
454:
446:Dutch Empire
423:
401:
378:
373:
366:
346:South Africa
342:ethnic group
333:
330:Cape Muslims
329:
307:
306:
194:Western Cape
189:South Africa
158:South Africa
123:Ethnic group
120:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
3342:New Zealand
3304:Netherlands
3273:South Korea
3258:Philippines
2912:Philippines
2781:Zimbabweans
2703:Cape Malays
2680:Zimbabweans
2650:Mozambicans
2553:Strandloper
2320:Gqunukhwebe
2160:28 November
2094:25 February
2063:25 February
1961:25 February
1930:13 November
1899:19 February
1807:19 February
1781:26 February
1755:26 February
1729:26 February
1674:26 February
1667:Daily Sabah
1646:23 February
1451:24 November
1403:25 February
1282:29 November
1101:The annual
996:koeksisters
961:Cape Malay
695:Signal Hill
655:Cape Colony
308:Cape Malays
244:Sunni Islam
224:Makassarese
127:Cape Malays
3393:Categories
3246:Malaysians
3165:Madagascar
2811:Pakistanis
2744:Gujaratis
2665:Portuguese
2655:Norwegians
2591:Cape Dutch
2578:Afrikaners
2267:Mpondomise
2123:: 477–488.
2016:7ª Edición
1985:Al Jazeera
1831:Maraisburg
1609:6 November
1185:References
1159:skiffelbas
1143:tambourine
1088:,) called
1082:Lloyd Ross
1078:Holy Grail
1043:See also:
969:See also:
939:minta maaf
920:jellyfish
755:Hindustani
718:Cape Flats
679:Kensington
661:school of
533:After the
527:Mardijkers
480:Madagascar
468:Malagasies
272:Cape Dutch
69:newspapers
3325:Australia
3278:Sri Lanka
3268:Singapore
3231:Hong Kong
3092:Sri Lanka
3068:Singapore
3008:Australia
2948:Sri Lanka
2796:Nigerians
2690:Coloureds
2598:Huguenots
2457:N'walungu
1424:ewn.co.za
1375:0006-2294
1055:folk song
933:antidote
913:ubur-ubur
835:horsewhip
821:mountain
766:sociolect
763:Afrikaans
714:townships
671:madrassas
607:کاپز ملیس
598:Afrikaans
578:Apartheid
551:Afrikaans
438:Cape Town
408:apartheid
393:Afrikaans
381:Cape Town
321:کاپز ملیس
312:Afrikaans
211:Afrikaans
205:Languages
139:Afrikaans
3253:Pakistan
3241:Malaysia
3210:Suriname
3188:Americas
3104:Suriname
3044:Malaysia
2801:Japanese
2645:Lebanese
2626:Italians
2606:Angolans
2543:Khoekhoe
2469:Hlanganu
2417:Mabelane
2410:Balobedu
2396:Batlokwa
2297:Ndwandwe
2088:Archived
2057:Archived
1996:23 March
1389:"Kramat"
1300:(1951).
1259:11 April
1204:21 March
1139:tamarien
1096:underdog
990:sosaties
963:samoosas
906:spittoon
885:kemparan
782:meaning
733:Language
628:Khoekhoe
574:Coloured
549:despite
464:Sulawesi
404:Coloured
336:, are a
288:Makassar
268:Malagasy
256:Javanese
238:Religion
3318:Oceania
2900:Myanmar
2806:Koreans
2791:Somalis
2786:Chinese
2723:Indians
2713:Oorlams
2708:Griquas
2611:Germans
2573:British
2451:Hlengwe
2389:Bataung
2382:Bakoena
2355:Khumalo
2313:Gcaleka
2282:Ndebele
2084:DMD EDU
2053:DMD EDU
1990:Witness
1227:(PDF).
1161:). The
1151:gom-gom
1147:ra'king
1131:rebanna
984:bobotie
953:Cuisine
926:penawar
878:to fast
849:toilet
788:berguru
747:Jakarta
724:Culture
716:on the
699:Bo-Kaap
659:Shafi`i
515:baptism
511:Bo-Kaap
472:Indians
456:Islamic
414:History
362:British
356:during
264:Indians
198:Gauteng
170:325,000
83:scholar
3351:Others
3297:Europe
3283:Taiwan
3200:Canada
3195:Brazil
3153:Africa
2769:Others
2761:Koknis
2755:Surtis
2749:Memons
2731:Tamils
2616:Greeks
2565:Whites
2487:Thonga
2484:Ndzawu
2478:Dzonga
2472:Nhlave
2466:Rhonga
2460:Gwamba
2444:Tsonga
2431:Balete
2425:Tswana
2334:Xesibe
2302:Thembu
2049:"Home"
1637:
1583:12 May
1559:, p.9.
1539:
1514:12 May
1373:
1163:ghomma
1153:, and
1137:) and
1135:rebana
1123:ghomma
1119:ghoema
1111:ghoema
1107:moppie
993:, and
978:bredie
946:sorry
842:jamban
827:cambuk
814:gunung
808:to go
759:Arabic
757:, and
743:Betawi
667:Hanafi
499:kramat
364:rule.
338:Muslim
334:Malays
292:Madura
260:Malays
186:
135:
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
3236:Japan
3160:Egypt
3020:Egypt
2888:Egypt
2776:Lemba
2738:Hindi
2675:Turks
2670:Serbs
2660:Poles
2621:Irish
2584:Boers
2533:ǃKung
2503:Ngona
2496:Venda
2463:Tswha
2348:Fingo
2327:Gaika
2307:Xhosa
2292:Swazi
2287:Pondo
2277:Hlubi
2272:Fengu
2262:Bhaca
2254:Nguni
2195:music
2154:(PDF)
2139:(PDF)
2121:XXXVI
2020:(PDF)
1701:(PDF)
1694:(PDF)
1155:besem
1011:Music
870:puasa
801:pergi
751:Tamil
739:Malay
624:South
432:(the
410:era.
372:as a
370:Malay
358:Dutch
284:Bugis
276:Dutch
228:Dutch
220:Malay
90:JSTOR
76:books
3224:Asia
2816:Roma
2741:Urdu
2631:Jews
2548:Nama
2537:ǀXam
2518:and
2516:Khoi
2481:Copi
2475:Bila
2454:Xika
2342:Zulu
2193:and
2162:2016
2096:2023
2065:2023
1998:2012
1963:2023
1932:2016
1901:2023
1893:Viin
1838:2017
1809:2023
1783:2023
1757:2023
1731:2023
1676:2023
1648:2023
1635:ISBN
1611:2011
1585:2013
1537:ISBN
1516:2013
1453:2011
1405:2023
1371:ISSN
1284:2016
1261:2022
1206:2022
1127:dhol
1047:and
495:imam
424:The
360:and
354:Cape
62:news
2528:San
2520:San
1920:IOL
1869:doi
1776:IOL
1361:doi
1357:163
1233:doi
1033:ANC
639:fez
610:in
344:in
332:or
324:in
45:by
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