1472:
521:
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support from the Cape's
Afrikaner and Black communities. The new government's inclusive policies extinguished the separatist league, but the ideology and interests of the frontier settlers survived and resurfaced years later. In the Cape Times 1876-1910 history, the 1870s was referred to as last decade before the onset of formal party divisions: "But in the 1870s, there were still no clearly defined political parties in the Cape Parliament. Responsible government had been granted in 1872 and the first Prime Minister, J.C. Molteno, was still in office. Saul Solomon, in spite of his diminutive size and physical handicap, was at the height of his powers and was probably the outstanding figure in the House, noted for his outspoken liberalism and his concern for the interests of Africans."
1355:
1331:
1453:, and taking a strong stance for Afrikaner rights and (increasingly) against the political empowerment of the Cape's black citizens. The formation of the Bond severely weakened the liberal "Westerners" by splitting this bloc, and beginning their decline. The resulting three parties aligned differently according to the predominant issues of the day, with the Afrikaner Bond playing a central role as "King-maker": The liberals and the Bond agreed on the need to minimise imperial intervention in southern Africa, while the pro-imperialists and the Bond agreed on further restricting the rights of the Cape's black citizens.
137:
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335:
343:
263:
173:
513:
1038:
505:
1530:. After this merger, the policies of the larger Afrikaner parties came to predominate and the distinctive liberalness of the original South African Party was subsumed, as South Africa began its long slide into Apartheid. Meanwhile, the Progressives (renamed the "Union Party of the Cape") merged with the Progressive Association of the Transvaal and the Constitutional Party of the Orange Free State to form the
243:, whereby the same qualifications for suffrage were applied equally to all males, regardless of race. The pre-existing Legislative Council became the upper house of the new parliament, and was elected according to the two main provinces of that Cape at the time. A new lower house, the Assembly, was also constituted. However, the parliament was weak and executive power remained firmly in the hands of the
1408:
430:
38:
474:") attempted to further mobilise the Cape's Black population in a desperate attempt to find allies to the liberal & multi-racial cause. However they were outmanoeuvred by Rhodes and his allies, who imposed increasingly severe legal restrictions on the African franchise. As fast as the African voters mobilised, their numbers were diminished through discriminatory legislation.
1366:". These parliamentarians were general opposed to continued imperial control, desired greater local independence; sought a greater focus on internal development rather than expanding the colony's boundaries; and professed a strong commitment to racial and regional unity throughout the Cape. Prominent leaders were William Porter, Saul Solomon, John Molteno, Hercules Jarvis and
485:(1892) finally succeeded in raising the franchise qualification from £25 to £75, disenfranchising the poorest classes of all race groups (including poor whites) but effecting a disproportionately large percentage of the African voters. It also added literacy as a franchise qualification, intended to target the (still mostly illiterate) Xhosa voters of the Cape. Finally, the
1438:'s policies. Sprigg formed a cabinet composed entirely of Eastern frontier white settlers, but contributed to a new pro-imperialist ideology that was not tied to any particular region of the Cape, or indeed, of southern Africa. The attempted annexations of the Boer republics and perceptions of exclusion in the Cape Colony caused growing resentment in the Afrikaner or "
290:(£25) was sufficiently low to ensure that most owners of any form of property or land could vote; and there was a determination on the part of the Government not to raise it, on the understanding that rising levels of wealth would eventually render it obsolete. There were the early beginnings of a drive to register the many new potential voters, particularly the rural
389:
calculated to be many times the original sum. In 1876 it appointed Henry
Greaves to alter Freeman's plans, fix the faulty foundations, and see the project successfully through. Moreover, it ordered him to remove from the plan the statues, parapets, fountains, elaborate dome and other expensive flourishes.
354:
A brief controversy arose about this need to build a more stately
Parliament, as Prime Minister Molteno was not an ostentatious man, and had little interest in spending tax money on what he saw as essentially an expensive vanity project (At the time an enormous countrywide programme was underway, of
350:
From the beginning of
Responsible Government, there were increasingly vocal complaints from members of parliament about the humble appearance of their venue. MPs increasingly complained that the Parliament would not attract sufficient respect from "the public and strangers", unless a more grandiose
1390:
This decades long struggle was brought to an end in 1872, with the apparent triumph of the liberal faction and the achievement of responsible government. The newly elected
Molteno government then brought together a broad alliance, run on liberal principles but incorporating several easterners and
388:
The Cape government stepped in. Freeman was fired for incompetence and the Public Works
Commission was re-structured. There was initially some discussion in parliament about abandoning the half-finished building. However, the government ordered the project completed, even though the budget was now
1342:
For much of the Cape's history, the parliament operated without formal political parties. Instead, parliamentarians aligned temporarily – according to specific issues. Nonetheless, informal alliances began to form according to the constituencies' overall attitude to long-standing issues, such as
297:
The new government based itself in the halls of the
Masonic Lodge where the previous parliaments had sat. This relatively humble building was seen as suitably central and close to the Legislative Council building. The large gardens of the Lodge soon became a popular venue for the public, with
1502:" but were too weak to oppose Rhodes's Progressives alone, and so allied with the Afrikaner Bond to fight Rhodes's dominance. This controversial alliance with the racist Bond caused many of the South African Party's black voters to abandon it. It came to power briefly under its liberal leader
1378:
constituencies in the
Eastern Cape near the frontier. Close to the neighbouring Xhosa lands, these politicians represented their constituents' fears of the more numerous Xhosa. They tended to support the continued status of the Cape as a colony, stronger policies regarding border defence and
384:
Almost immediately it was discovered that
Freeman's plans were faulty. Freeman's errors were compounded by the presence of groundwater, and a recalculation of the budget revealed that the actual costs would be many times the original figure that the government had allowed for.
254:", but the House of Assembly soon relocated to the small but stately Goede Hoop Masonic Lodge buildings. The old Legislative Council (now reconstituted as the Parliament's upper house) was housed at the nearby Old Supreme Court building (now the Iziko Slave Lodge Museum).
282:". This was attained in 1872, after a political struggle that lasted a decade. "Responsible Government" brought all branches of the Cape's government under local control by making the Executive directly "responsible" to Parliament and electorate for the first time.
285:
There followed a brief boom period in the history of the Cape, with the economy surging, the frontiers stable and local democracy taking root. The new constitution held the non-racial nature of its political system as one of its core values. The universal
1379:
increased expansion into the north to open up lands for white settlement. They resented the political dominance of the more "liberal" Westerners and saw the solution to be a separate white "Eastern Cape Colony" under direct imperial control, with
199:
of 1849, mobilised the local population in the 1840s and threw up a generation of local leaders who believed that far-away
Britain was not capable of understanding local interests and issues. This group of politicians, which included the likes of
1639:
238:
granted the Cape its first Parliament in 1853, and the local leadership were permitted to draft a constitution. This was a relatively liberal document that prohibited race or class discrimination, and instituted the non-racial
321:. A statement was also made, on its introduction, that the recognition of a "Native" language, as a third official language, would also be acceptable, but only once sufficient "Native" parliamentarians were elected.
1471:
552:, to form a united country of "South Africa". The Convention met in the Cape Assembly's chamber of the Cape Parliament building, and it was here that the new constitution for South Africa was drawn up.
355:
building schools, public transport and communications infrastructure, and funds were consequently in tight demand). He was over-ruled by the legislature however, and the Commissioner of Public Works,
492:
The result was that, by the end of Rhodes's Ministry, only a small portion of relatively wealthy, educated, urban Black Africans were still permitted to vote. Decades later, with the rise of
520:
377:, Caledon Square and the top of Government Avenue, but eventually the current site was selected. Freeman was made resident architect and construction began on 12 May 1875, with Governor
227:
This political elite successfully began the controversial drive for Cape independence which, unusually, was attained in the end through gradual evolution, rather than sudden revolution.
481:(1887) removed traditional African forms of communal land-ownership from the franchise qualifications, thus disenfranchising a large portion of the Cape's Xhosa population. Rhodes's
1682:
The life and times of Sir John Charles Molteno, K. C. M. G., First Premier of Cape Colony, Comprising a History of Representative Institutions and Responsible Government at the Cape
294:
of the frontier region, who were mostly communal land owners and therefore eligible for suffrage. Opportunistic politicians soon followed, to campaign for Black African voters.
55:
224:, shared not only a common belief in the importance of local self-government, but also an explicit commitment to a liberal, inclusive and multi-racial political system.
1575:
1354:
1881:
1876:
1403:
1880 cartoon criticising the Afrikaners for preferring the "chaos" of independence, over the "prosperity" of being annexed and coming under direct imperial control.
496:
after Union, all restrictions were removed for White voters, meaning that the remaining qualifications of the Cape Qualified Franchise only applied to non-whites.
400:, and finally by the building company going bankrupt in 1883. Greaves tenaciously completed the job however, and the large, stately, but relatively unpretentious
1330:
451:
This racist opposition had its origins in the white Eastern Cape separatist movement who had been threatened by the political mobilisation of their
1886:
440:
Over the years, as the Cape's early generation of political heavy-weights died or retired, power moved away from their liberal heirs, and towards
102:
74:
299:
536:. The union of the various component states of the region was again discussed. Several previous attempts at union had failed, but in 1909 a
1901:
412:
81:
1891:
1535:
568:
537:
88:
1780:
1570:
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was a question which created a (temporary) political grouping, even before the establishment of the Cape's first parliament in 1854.
1303:
471:
201:
121:
136:
185:
1510:
finally led the South African Party to electoral victory, a mere two years before the Union of South Africa was formed in 1910.
70:
1896:
1565:
1457:
1399:
1384:
1263:
1004:
846:
460:
401:
1844:
1831:
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1411:
1018:
314:
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The post of prime minister of the Cape Colony also became extinct on 31 May 1910, when it joined the Union of South Africa.
489:(1894) re-drew the laws on rural African land tenure and effectively disqualified nearly all rural Africans from the vote.
1729:
1531:
766:
1358:
1873 cartoon critical of Responsible Government, showing the sharing out of power and positions to the various factions.
334:
342:
262:
172:
876:
1374:, or by the nickname of the "responsibles". Opposing them were a group of parliamentarians representing mainly white
302:" which Molteno sponsored in 1877. The Parliamentary hall itself was open to members of the public, also explicitly
1547:
1519:
599:
560:
157:
508:
On Union, the Cape (blue) was to be united with Natal (red), Transvaal (green) and the Orange Free State (orange).
48:
790:
758:
363:
356:
209:
95:
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was proclaimed the following year, in 1910, and the old Cape Parliamentary building became the home of the new
482:
478:
424:
287:
240:
373:, at the time an officer in the Public Works Department. Sites that were mooted for the new building included
770:
754:
634:
244:
217:
1640:"Lodge de Goede Hoop and the Cape House of Assembly | Grand Lodge of South Africa – Southern Division"
861:
1423:
1367:
1363:
1344:
1121:
1046:
888:
697:
676:
615:
393:
309:
The operating language of the parliament in the early years of Responsible Government was English, though
279:
221:
181:
1045:
The parliament's executive governments ("Ministries") dated only from 1872, when the Cape first attained
870:
739:
1491:
1279:
981:
916:
743:
556:
153:
1422:
Two key events contributed to the rise of political parties. The first was the 1878 annexation of the
415:
led the opening ceremony in the building, declared finally to be worthy of the country's Legislature.
1430:. After dismissing the Transvaal government, the Cape Colony Governor installed a former separatist,
1080:
855:
829:
803:
213:
1037:
512:
1527:
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901:
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441:
1431:
374:
1827:
1776:
1653:
1503:
1479:
997:
715:
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as its capital. For much of this time they were led by the representative of Port Elizabeth,
980:
11th Cape Parliament (1904–1907) – ended by unsuccessful appeal to country by Prime Minister
974:
10th Cape Parliament (1898–1903) – ended by unsuccessful appeal to country by Prime Minister
1706:. University of The Witwatersrand / Argief-jaarboek vir Suid-Afrikaanse geskiedenis. 1940/3.
1298:
968:
9th Cape Parliament (1894–1898) – ended by unsuccessful appeal to country by Prime Minister
639:
545:
504:
188:
granted the Cape Colony a rudimentary and relatively powerless Legislative Council in 1835.
1811:
The Parliament of the Cape of Good Hope, with special reference to party politics 1872-1910
1626:"Full text of "The old Cape House, being pages from the history of a legislative assembly""
1507:
1483:
1435:
1140:
1050:
541:
529:
1362:
In the 1860s and early 70s, an alliance of parliamentarians came together in support of "
436:, as Prime Minister, did much to restrict African representation in the Cape Parliament.
1560:
1446:
1427:
1415:
1380:
1335:
850:
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368:
235:
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1870:
1102:
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267:
1370:. This alliance later became known as the "Westerners" due to their headquarters in
392:
Building re-commenced, but was delayed – this time by the British annexation of the
1848:
1523:
1506:
but overall the ensuing decades were dominated by the Progressive Party. In 1908,
1465:
1461:
1449:
in 1881. The Afrikaner Bond was the Cape's first formal political party, headed by
1407:
1179:
778:
710:
685:
464:
452:
433:
429:
378:
318:
291:
275:
274:
Among the Cape's powerful local leaders, a radical faction under the leadership of
205:
950:
3rd Cape Parliament (1864–1869) – ended by dissolution by the Cape Colony Governor
191:
The British attempt to turn the Cape into a penal colony for convicts, similar to
1770:
346:
The final Parliament building as constructed (without statues, dome or fountains)
313:
was often spoken informally. Dutch was added by parliamentary act in 1882, by MP
820:
149:
37:
1351:, territorial expansion, separatism and relations with the British government.
17:
1439:
1011:
794:
1049:. Prior to that parliament worked under a Governor, who was appointed by the
467:, the most dictatorial and aggressively expansionist leader in Cape history.
1796:
1478:(centre, seated) with South African Party leaders, and activists, including
1371:
925:
838:
680:
493:
310:
192:
1460:", and this movement reached the height of its power under Prime Minister
986:
12th Cape Parliament (1908–1910) – ended by the act of Union (31 May 1910)
1747:
459:, and eventually reached the height of its power as the pro-imperialist "
444:
opposition politicians who saw the multi-racial franchise as a threat to
251:
1693:
JL. McCracken: The Cape Parliament. Clarendon Press: Oxford. 1967. p.28.
362:
The committee selected the elaborate proposal of the renowned architect
306:, should they wish to observe the performance of their representatives.
1375:
1518:
After Union, the South African Party merged with the Afrikaner Bond,
532:, the whole of southern Africa was finally under the control of the
516:
The Cape Parliament today, as the South African National Parliament.
524:
Five tomes of Appendix to Votes and Proceedings to Parliament, 1883
1470:
1468:
sharply polarised the Cape's politics to an unprecedented degree.
1406:
1398:
1387:. They were known as the "Easterners" or the "Separatist League".
1353:
1329:
1036:
722:
519:
511:
503:
428:
341:
333:
261:
171:
135:
1538:
traces its origins to these parties through numerous successors.
540:
was instituted in Cape Town, to unite the Cape of Good Hope with
250:
The Governor opened this first parliament at his residence, "the
164:(the lower house) and the legislative council (the upper house).
1445:
This led to the second key event, which was the founding of the
1434:, as the new Prime Minister, with instructions to implement the
1730:"1892. Cape Franchise & Ballot Act – The O'Malley Archives"
140:
Engraving of the first opening of the Cape Parliament in 1854.
31:
1704:
The First Crises in Responsible Government in the Cape Colony
528:
In the early twentieth century, following the tumults of the
338:
Freeman's original elaborate plan for the new Parliament.
1654:"The Houses of Parliament, Cape Town – andrewcusack.com"
470:
The liberals (now on the defensive, as the opposition "
270:
which served as the venue of the first Cape Parliament.
152:, from its founding in 1853, until the creation of the
1526:
of the Orange River Colony, to form a new Union-wide
575:
Parliaments & Ministries of the Cape of Good Hope
1717:
Selections from the Correspondence of J.X. Merriman
1550:(c. 1816 - 1885), member of the Legislative Council
1041:
Parliament of the Cape of Good Hope, Blue Book 1877
62:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1456:The pro-imperialist grouping was by now known as "
563:. The provincial government of the Cape, now the
359:, ordered a select committee to receive designs.
1576:List of prime ministers of the Cape of Good Hope
278:pushed for further independence in the form of "
1498:The remaining liberal "westerners" formed the "
1033:Ministries of the Cape of Good Hope (1872–1910)
27:Historic legislature of the British Cape Colony
1744:"The Struggle for Liberation in South Africa"
419:The restricting of the multi-racial franchise
8:
930:Ludwig Johan Frederik von Maltitz, Colesberg
885:Thomas Nicolaas German Muller, Graaff-Reinet
991:Speakers of the Cape Parliament (1854–1910)
567:, was set up in a new building nearby, the
1775:. Electoral Institute of Southern Africa.
1772:Compendium of Elections in Southern Africa
694:Francois Louis Charl Biccard MD, Cape Town
1826:. London: Oxford University Press. 1975.
1824:Some Beginnings: The Cape Times 1876-1910
763:Johannes Hendricus Brand LLD, Clanwilliam
122:Learn how and when to remove this message
1055:
455:. It gained office under Prime Minister
1587:
702:Cape Division (southern Cape Peninsula)
156:in 1910, when it was dissolved and the
1882:1910 disestablishments in South Africa
1877:1854 establishments in the Cape Colony
300:South African International Exhibition
1684:. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1900
1395:Rise of political parties (1881-1910)
897:Richard Joseph Painter, Fort Beaufort
843:Stephanus Johannes Hartman, Uitenhage
665:1854 Inaugural Assembly (Lower house)
160:was established. It consisted of the
148:functioned as the legislature of the
71:"Parliament of the Cape of Good Hope"
7:
1514:Political parties after Union (1910)
1490:in the delegation which lobbied the
1326:Early informal groupings (1854-1881)
585:1854 Inaugural Council (Upper house)
60:adding citations to reliable sources
1719:. Cape Town: Van Riebeek Soc. 1963.
1598:. CTCC: Cape Town, 1955. Chapter 6
939:Parliaments of the Cape (1854–1910)
921:William Thornhill Gilfillan, radock
298:concerts, theatre and finally the "
146:Parliament of the Cape of Good Hope
736:Hugo Hendrick Loedolff, Malmesbury
650:Willem Simon Gregorius Metelerkamp
25:
1571:South African Party (Cape Colony)
912:Jacobus Johannes Meintjes, Albert
721:Pieter Frederik Ryk de Villiers,
304:"irrespective of class or colour"
1668:"Cape Town History and Heritage"
1615:. Clarendon Press: Oxford. 1967.
1464:. Rhodes's orchestration of the
775:John Percival Wiggins, Worcester
231:Representative Government (1853)
36:
1566:Progressive Party (Cape Colony)
1494:for the multi-racial franchise.
1293:
1274:
1252:
1233:
1213:
1193:
1174:
1154:
1135:
1116:
1096:
1074:
965:8th Cape Parliament (1889–1893)
962:7th Cape Parliament (1884–1888)
959:6th Cape Parliament (1879–1883)
956:5th Cape Parliament (1874–1878)
953:4th Cape Parliament (1870–1873)
947:2nd Cape Parliament (1859–1863)
944:1st Cape Parliament (1854–1858)
909:Johannes Petrus Vorster, Albert
691:James Abercrombie MD, Cape Town
247:who was appointed from London.
176:The Cape's Legislative Council.
47:needs additional citations for
1887:Defunct bicameral legislatures
1451:Jan Hendrik Hofmeyr (Onze Jan)
1412:Jan Hendrik Hofmeyr (Onze Jan)
479:Parliamentary Registration Act
1:
808:Frans Adriaan Swemmer, George
767:Egidius Benedictus Watermeyer
317:with the powerful support of
258:Responsible Government (1872)
906:James Stewart, Victoria East
706:Thomas Watson, Cape Division
404:was finally opened in 1884.
1902:Politics of the Cape Colony
1813:. Government Printer, 1973.
1797:"Ons parlement in die Kaap"
1596:Men of Good Hope, 1804-1954
877:Jeremias Frederik Ziervogel
837:Johannes Christoffel Krog,
727:Johan Georg Steytler, Paarl
580:Inaugural Parliament (1854)
364:Charles Freeman (architect)
325:The new Parliament building
1918:
1892:Government of South Africa
1600:The Anti-convict Agitation
1492:London Convention on Union
1414:, long-term leader of the
814:Eastern Province Districts
671:Western Province Districts
600:Francis William Reitz, Sr.
561:Parliament of South Africa
422:
351:edifice were constructed.
288:qualification for suffrage
158:Parliament of South Africa
924:Johan Georg Sieberhagen,
825:Charles Pote, Grahamstown
596:Howson Edward Rutherfoord
357:Charles Abercrombie Smith
1239:William Philip Schreiner
787:James Christie, Beaufort
749:Charles Aiken Fairbridge
483:Franchise and Ballot Act
425:Cape Qualified Franchise
381:laying the cornerstone.
241:Cape Qualified Franchise
1769:ProfessorLodge (2002).
1257:Sir John Gordon Sprigg
1218:Sir John Gordon Sprigg
1159:Sir John Gordon Sprigg
755:Augustus Joseph Tancred
709:Petrus Jacobus Bosman,
463:" under Prime Minister
446:white political control
1897:Parliaments by country
1642:. Freemasonrysd.co.za.
1495:
1419:
1404:
1368:Charles Lennox Stretch
1364:Responsible Government
1359:
1349:multi-racial franchise
1345:Responsible Government
1339:
1122:Thomas Charles Scanlen
1047:responsible government
1042:
900:John George Franklin,
889:Charles Lennox Stretch
828:Thomas Holden Bowker,
799:John Barry, Swellendam
698:James Mortimer Maynard
677:Hercules Crosse Jarvis
616:Dirk Gysbert van Breda
525:
517:
509:
437:
347:
339:
280:Responsible Government
271:
222:Hercules Crosse Jarvis
182:responsible government
177:
141:
1522:of the Transvaal and
1474:
1410:
1402:
1357:
1334:The mid-19th century
1333:
1280:Leander Starr Jameson
1040:
862:Robert Mitford Bowker
656:Gideon Daniel Joubert
557:Union of South Africa
523:
515:
507:
432:
396:in 1878, the ensuing
345:
337:
265:
175:
154:Union of South Africa
139:
1299:John Xavier Merriman
1081:John Charles Molteno
856:Henry Fancourt White
834:William Cock, Albany
802:Henry William Laws,
635:Andries Stockenström
407:Cape Prime Minister
218:Andries Stockenström
214:John Charles Molteno
168:The First Parliament
56:improve this article
1845:"Sir Donald Currie"
1613:The Cape Parliament
1536:Democratic Alliance
1528:South African Party
1500:South African Party
1304:South African Party
871:Ralph Henry Arderne
740:Bryan Henry Darnell
730:Frederick Duckitt,
620:Johannes de Wet LLD
611:John Bardwell Ebden
607:Johan Hendrik Wicht
550:Orange River Colony
538:National Convention
472:South African Party
402:Parliament building
330:The building fiasco
195:, resulting in the
1656:. 3 November 2009.
1496:
1432:John Gordon Sprigg
1420:
1405:
1360:
1340:
1284:Progressive Party
1043:
623:Henry Thomas Vigne
526:
518:
510:
500:Move towards Union
438:
375:Greenmarket Square
348:
340:
315:"Onze Jan" Hofmeyr
272:
186:British government
178:
142:
1809:A.L. Harrington:
1715:P. Lewsen (ed.):
1504:William Schreiner
1480:John Tengo Jabavu
1476:William Schreiner
1321:Political parties
1315:
1314:
1287:22 February 1904
1271:21 February 1904
1264:Progressive Party
1168:25 November 1886
1151:24 November 1886
998:Christoffel Brand
819:James Thackwray,
718:LLD, Stellenbosch
716:Christoffel Brand
569:Pronvisiale-gebou
461:Progressive Party
413:Hercules Robinson
162:House of Assembly
132:
131:
124:
106:
16:(Redirected from
1909:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1847:. Archived from
1841:
1835:
1820:
1814:
1807:
1801:
1800:
1793:
1787:
1786:
1766:
1760:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1746:. Archived from
1740:
1734:
1733:
1726:
1720:
1713:
1707:
1702:Phyllis Lewsen:
1700:
1694:
1691:
1685:
1678:
1672:
1671:
1664:
1658:
1657:
1650:
1644:
1643:
1636:
1630:
1629:
1622:
1616:
1609:
1603:
1592:
1426:and the ensuing
1308:3 February 1908
1290:2 February 1908
1246:13 October 1898
1230:13 October 1898
1227:13 January 1896
1210:12 January 1896
1110:6 February 1878
1093:5 February 1878
1090:1 December 1872
1056:
858:, Port Elizabeth
640:Robert Godlonton
629:Eastern Province
591:Western Province
453:Xhosa neighbours
372:
127:
120:
116:
113:
107:
105:
64:
40:
32:
21:
1917:
1916:
1912:
1911:
1910:
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1906:
1867:
1866:
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1854:
1852:
1851:on 14 June 2015
1843:
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1742:
1741:
1737:
1728:
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1723:
1714:
1710:
1701:
1697:
1692:
1688:
1680:P. A. Molteno:
1679:
1675:
1666:
1665:
1661:
1652:
1651:
1647:
1638:
1637:
1633:
1624:
1623:
1619:
1611:JL. McCracken:
1610:
1606:
1593:
1589:
1584:
1557:
1544:
1516:
1508:John X Merriman
1484:Walter Rubusana
1436:Colonial Office
1397:
1328:
1323:
1141:Thomas Upington
1051:Colonial Office
1035:
993:
941:
936:
935:
915:James Collett,
873:, Somerset East
666:
662:
661:
653:William Fleming
586:
582:
577:
530:Second Boer War
502:
427:
421:
411:, and Governor
366:
332:
327:
260:
233:
170:
128:
117:
111:
108:
65:
63:
53:
41:
28:
23:
22:
18:Cape Parliament
15:
12:
11:
5:
1915:
1913:
1905:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1869:
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1863:
1862:
1836:
1815:
1802:
1788:
1781:
1761:
1750:on 22 May 2012
1735:
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1594:RFM Immelman:
1586:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1561:Afrikaner Bond
1556:
1553:
1552:
1551:
1543:
1542:Notable people
1540:
1532:Unionist Party
1515:
1512:
1447:Afrikaner Bond
1442:" population.
1428:First Boer War
1416:Afrikaner Bond
1396:
1393:
1381:Port Elizabeth
1336:Convict Crisis
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1313:
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1309:
1306:
1301:
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1068:Assumed office
1066:
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851:Port Elizabeth
844:
841:
835:
832:
826:
823:
811:
810:
809:
806:
800:
797:
791:John Fairbairn
788:
785:
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773:
764:
761:
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746:
737:
734:
728:
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719:
713:
707:
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584:
583:
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534:British Empire
501:
498:
423:Main article:
420:
417:
409:Thomas Scanlen
398:First Boer War
331:
328:
326:
323:
259:
256:
236:Queen Victoria
232:
229:
210:John Fairbairn
202:William Porter
197:Convict crisis
169:
166:
130:
129:
112:September 2014
44:
42:
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
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3:
2:
1914:
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1900:
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1782:9781919814438
1778:
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1548:James Murison
1546:
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1413:
1409:
1401:
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1385:John Paterson
1382:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1356:
1352:
1350:
1346:
1337:
1332:
1325:
1320:
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1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1270:
1268:18 June 1900
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1256:
1253:
1249:17 June 1900
1248:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1217:
1214:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:Cecil Rhodes
1197:
1194:
1189:
1187:17 July 1890
1186:
1183:
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1178:
1175:
1171:16 July 1890
1170:
1167:
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1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
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1103:Gordon Sprigg
1100:
1097:
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1039:
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1027:
1026:James Molteno
1023:
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1016:
1013:
1009:
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1005:David Tennant
1002:
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985:
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905:
903:
902:Victoria East
899:
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893:Fort Beaufort
890:
887:
884:
882:
881:Graaff-Reinet
878:
875:
872:
869:
867:
866:Somerset East
863:
860:
857:
854:
852:
848:
847:John Paterson
845:
842:
840:
836:
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831:
827:
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588:
579:
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566:
565:Cape Province
562:
558:
553:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
522:
514:
506:
499:
497:
495:
490:
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487:Glen Grey Act
484:
480:
475:
473:
468:
466:
462:
458:
457:Gordon Sprigg
454:
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269:
268:Masonic Lodge
264:
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104:
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97:
94:
90:
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83:
80:
76:
73: –
72:
68:
67:Find sources:
61:
57:
51:
50:
45:This article
43:
39:
34:
33:
30:
19:
1853:. Retrieved
1849:the original
1839:
1823:
1818:
1810:
1805:
1791:
1771:
1764:
1752:. Retrieved
1748:the original
1738:
1724:
1716:
1711:
1703:
1698:
1689:
1681:
1676:
1662:
1648:
1634:
1620:
1612:
1607:
1599:
1595:
1590:
1524:Orangia Unie
1517:
1497:
1466:Jameson Raid
1462:Cecil Rhodes
1458:Progressives
1455:
1444:
1421:
1389:
1361:
1341:
1316:
1311:31 May 1910
1258:
1243:Independent
1224:Independent
1219:
1204:Independent
1199:
1184:Independent
1180:Cecil Rhodes
1165:Independent
1160:
1148:13 May 1884
1145:Independent
1132:12 May 1884
1126:Independent
1107:Independent
1071:Left office
1044:
1019:Bisset Berry
813:
779:John Molteno
711:Stellenbosch
686:Saul Solomon
670:
647:Henry Blaine
628:
604:Joseph Barry
590:
554:
527:
491:
476:
469:
465:Cecil Rhodes
450:
439:
434:Cecil Rhodes
406:
391:
387:
383:
379:Henry Barkly
361:
353:
349:
319:Saul Solomon
308:
303:
296:
292:Xhosa people
284:
276:John Molteno
273:
249:
234:
226:
206:Saul Solomon
190:
179:
145:
143:
133:
118:
109:
99:
92:
85:
78:
66:
54:Please help
49:verification
46:
29:
1207:4 May 1893
1190:3 May 1893
1129:9 May 1881
1113:8 May 1881
1086:Independent
1053:in London.
1028:(1908–1910)
1021:(1899–1907)
1014:(1896–1898)
1007:(1874–1895)
1000:(1854–1873)
821:Grahamstown
759:Clanwilliam
688:, Cape Town
644:George Wood
367: [
150:Cape Colony
1871:Categories
1832:0195700716
1582:References
1488:Abdurahman
1440:Cape Dutch
1259:(4th time)
1220:(3rd time)
1200:(2nd time)
1161:(2nd time)
1012:Henry Juta
795:Swellendam
732:Malmesbury
548:, and the
442:right-wing
82:newspapers
1834:. p.xiii.
1424:Transvaal
1372:Cape Town
1101:Sir John
926:Colesberg
839:Uitenhage
771:Worcester
751:, Caledon
681:Cape Town
546:Transvaal
494:Apartheid
394:Transvaal
311:Afrikaans
193:Australia
180:Prior to
1822:G.Shaw:
1602:. p.154.
1555:See also
1520:Het Volk
783:Beaufort
252:Tuynhuys
245:Governor
1855:12 June
1534:. The
1376:settler
982:Jameson
917:Cradock
744:Caledon
96:scholar
1830:
1779:
1754:6 July
1347:, the
976:Sprigg
970:Sprigg
830:Albany
804:George
544:, the
184:, the
98:
91:
84:
77:
69:
1065:Party
769:LLD,
723:Paarl
542:Natal
371:]
103:JSTOR
89:books
1857:2015
1828:ISBN
1777:ISBN
1756:2012
1486:and
1079:Sir
1062:Name
1024:Sir
1017:Sir
1010:Sir
1003:Sir
996:Sir
757:DD,
555:The
477:The
266:The
220:and
144:The
75:news
1059:No.
58:by
1873::
1482:,
1295:8
1276:7
1254:—
1235:6
1215:—
1195:—
1176:5
1156:—
1137:4
1118:3
1098:2
1076:1
891:,
879:,
864:,
849:,
816::
793:,
781:,
742:,
700:,
679:,
673::
631::
593::
571:.
448:.
369:af
216:,
212:,
208:,
204:,
1859:.
1799:.
1785:.
1758:.
1732:.
1670:.
1628:.
1418:.
125:)
119:(
114:)
110:(
100:·
93:·
86:·
79:·
52:.
20:)
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