610:
The term is often used to demean and dehumanize
Khoisan and coloured people, perpetuating harmful stereotypes and discrimination against them. The term "Kaffir" is a racial slur used to refer to coloured people and black people in South Africa. It originated from Arabic and was used to refer to non-Muslims. Later, it was used by European-descended South Africans to refer to black and coloured people during the apartheid era, and the term became associated with racism and oppression. While it is still used against Coloured people, it is not as prevalent as it is against black people.
524:
547:
535:
61:
567:(Monde World Films, US release) is one of the first historical documentary films to explore the legacy of Apartheid through the viewpoint of the Cape Coloured community, including interviews with elders, pastors, members of Parliament, students and everyday people struggling to find their identity in the new South Africa. The film's 2016 sequel
423:
and the islands within the Indian Ocean region were also taken to the Cape and sold into slavery by the Dutch settlers. The Indian slaves were almost invariably given
Christian names but their places of origin were indicated in the records of sales and other documents so that it is possible to get an
609:
and coloureds in South Africa. The term originated from the Dutch language, where "Hottentot" was used to describe a language spoken by the
Khoisan people. It later came to be used as a derogatory term for the people themselves, based on European perceptions of their physical appearance and culture.
335:
It is important to note here that genetic reference cluster term "Khoisan" itself refers to a colonially admixed population cluster, hence the concatenation, and is not a straightforward reference to ancient
African pastoralist and hunter ancestry, which is often demarcated by the L0 haplogroup
577:
Patric Tariq Mellet, heritage activist and author of 'The
Camissa Embrace' and co-creator of The Camissa Museum, has composed a vast online blog archive ('Camissa People') of heritage information concerning Coloured ancestry tracing to the Indigenous San and Khoe and Malagasy, East African,
447:
The census in South Africa during 1911 played a significant role in defining racial identities in the country. One of the most noteworthy aspects of this census was the instructions given to enumerators on how to classify individuals into different racial categories. The category of
253:
560:. One of the gang members who participated in the interview mentioned that black South Africans have been the main beneficiaries of South African social promotion initiatives while the Cape Coloureds have been further marginalised.
590:" is currently treated as a neutral description in Southern Africa, classifying people of mixed race ancestry. "Coloured" may be seen as offensive in some other western countries, such as Britain and the United States of America.
491:
descent, commonly referred to as
Negroes. Therefore, it is important to note that Coloureds or Cape Coloureds, as a group of mixed-race individuals, also have African ancestry and can be considered as part of the broader
424:
idea of the ratio of slaves from different regions. These slaves were, however, dispersed and lost their Indian cultural identity over the course of time. Slaves of Malay and other ancestry were brought from India,
257:
260:
259:
255:
254:
511:
South
Africans, with subjective criteria having been used by the bureaucracy to determine whether a person was a Cape Coloured, or belonged to one of a number of other related subgroups such as the "
261:
2496:
258:
336:
ancestry common in the general South
African native population, which is also integral part of other aboriginal genetic reference cluster terms like "South-East African Bantu".
2202:
Moultrie, A. T., & Dorrington, R. Used for ill, used for good: A century of collecting data on race in South Africa. pp. 7, 8. Moultrie and
Dorrington. Available at:
2216:
2152:
3567:
2203:
703:
3489:
2489:
349:
359:
256:
3117:
2482:
1581:
2376:
Mathabane, M. (1986). Kaffir Boy: The True Story of a Black Youth's Coming of Age in
Apartheid South Africa. Simon & Schuster. (Chapter 2)
2363:
Adhikari, Mohamed, editor. Burdened by Race: Coloured Identities in Southern Africa. UCT Press, 2013, pp. 69, 124, 203 ISBN 978-1-92051-660-4
2464:
2443:
2422:
2401:
2348:
2264:
370:
142:
487:
Of particular importance is the fact that the instruction to classify "coloured persons" as a distinct racial group included individuals of
1712:
365:
Success in the spread of Catholicism among Afrikaans speakers, including Coloured communities, remained minimal until the death throes of
2899:
3505:
663:
146:
2281:
1575:
1566:
655:
2204:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232827270_Used_for_ill_used_for_good_A_century_of_collecting_data_on_race_in_South_Africa
1627:
30:
This article is about the ethnic group originating in the Cape. For the broader group of mixed-race people in South Africa, see
3069:
2913:
2221:
2078:
Barbieri, Chiara; Vicente, Mário; Rocha, Jorge; Mpoloka, Sununguko W.; Stoneking, Mark; Pakendorf, Brigitte (7 February 2013).
377:
of their Church, assisted in correcting linguistic errors. By 1996, the majority of Afrikaans-speaking Catholics came from the
354:
150:
3474:
2226:
2156:
1840:
3432:
2513:
2505:
746:
195:
2364:
3110:
1813:
138:
306:
At least one genetic study indicates that Cape Coloureds have an ancestry consisting of the following cultural frames:
3557:
3283:
3049:
1716:
500:
3515:
3079:
2841:
1751:
1963:
3479:
3064:
2866:
2029:
de Wit, E; Delport, W; Rugamika, CE; Meintjes, A; Möller, M; van Helden, PD; Seoighe, C; Hoal, EG (August 2012).
1662:
974:
798:
3356:
2933:
2923:
70:
3552:
3103:
3074:
3059:
2879:
2178:
1657:
1085:
839:
594:
488:
453:
3054:
3017:
2894:
2884:
1677:
1385:
1232:
1182:
687:
452:" was used to refer to all people of mixed race, and this category included various ethnic groups such as
322:
3229:
2991:
2943:
2938:
2928:
1395:
793:
659:
199:
154:
126:
2134:
3452:
3447:
3209:
2999:
2948:
2918:
2874:
2833:
2636:
2550:
1207:
628:
602:
408:
2031:"Genome-wide analysis of the structure of the South African Coloured Population in the Western Cape"
3312:
3214:
3201:
2821:
2138:
1878:
1202:
878:
736:
369:
during the mid to late 1980s. As Catholic texts began to be translated into Afrikaans, sympathetic
3562:
3531:
3126:
2060:
1475:
894:
867:
752:
556:
270:
211:
523:
2256:
348:(DRMC), was formed in 1881 to serve the Cape Coloured Calvinist population separately from the
3510:
3234:
2535:
2460:
2439:
2418:
2397:
2344:
2260:
2117:
2099:
2052:
2011:
1803:
1767:
1697:
1485:
1365:
1311:
1167:
1143:
920:
851:
756:
651:
639:
416:
310:
2338:
1938:
2107:
2091:
2042:
2001:
1865:
1783:
1531:
1506:
1435:
1380:
1282:
1267:
1242:
1222:
1217:
1161:
1073:
845:
730:
493:
440:. This diverse assortment of people was subsequently classified as a single group under the
374:
274:
2393:
Not White Enough, Not Black Enough: Racial Identity in the South African Coloured Community
2340:
Not White Enough, Not Black Enough: Racial Identity in the South African Coloured Community
546:
3263:
3246:
2311:
2289:
1860:
1855:
1722:
1707:
1672:
1642:
1606:
1526:
1460:
1425:
1415:
1262:
1252:
1227:
1091:
1049:
1039:
968:
962:
944:
938:
932:
816:
776:
683:
673:
528:
2801:
696:, South African novelist and leader of the South African Coloured People's Organisation.
3219:
3146:
2905:
2889:
2685:
2249:
2112:
2079:
1890:
1835:
1808:
1798:
1793:
1757:
1727:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1667:
1647:
1591:
1571:
1556:
1551:
1521:
1470:
1455:
1445:
1410:
1400:
1375:
1360:
1340:
1335:
1306:
1301:
1277:
1257:
1237:
1187:
1137:
1117:
1055:
1012:
988:
914:
890:
828:
770:
606:
534:
473:
278:
2365:
https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/id/c0a95c41-a983-49fc-ac1f-7720d607340d/628130.pdf
3546:
3469:
3464:
3187:
3178:
3173:
3084:
2981:
2976:
2712:
2699:
2693:
2678:
2570:
1919:
1896:
1884:
1845:
1818:
1788:
1772:
1762:
1652:
1601:
1536:
1501:
1480:
1450:
1405:
1390:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1330:
1287:
1247:
1079:
1033:
1000:
994:
950:
908:
884:
856:
804:
787:
782:
715:
699:
633:
316:
187:
2064:
3437:
3296:
3044:
2764:
2664:
2644:
2623:
2616:
2595:
2575:
2560:
2555:
2545:
2540:
2530:
2522:
1914:
1850:
1830:
1824:
1778:
1632:
1616:
1586:
1561:
1495:
1490:
1440:
1430:
1420:
1325:
1197:
1192:
1155:
1149:
1123:
1103:
1027:
1006:
956:
926:
822:
810:
709:
693:
677:
645:
412:
404:
328:
246:
242:
222:
219:
395:, who were generally regarded as a separate ethnoreligious group under apartheid.
2454:
2433:
2412:
2391:
574:
Various books have covered the subject matter of Coloured identity and heritage.
3459:
3369:
3304:
3258:
3252:
3224:
3141:
2971:
2816:
2672:
2657:
2650:
2610:
2588:
2474:
1746:
1702:
1637:
1541:
1516:
1511:
1465:
1370:
1097:
1067:
873:
862:
834:
624:
539:
512:
461:
392:
388:
226:
191:
158:
2095:
1170:, track-and-field sprinter, Olympic and World Champion, and World Record Holder
550:
The Christmas Bands are a popular Cape Coloured cultural tradition in Cape Town
3484:
3323:
2859:
2846:
2796:
2788:
2047:
2030:
1909:
1611:
1596:
1546:
1272:
742:
437:
433:
171:
60:
2103:
2015:
17:
3317:
3289:
3195:
3158:
2958:
2006:
1989:
1741:
1622:
1212:
1061:
724:
719:
667:
587:
565:
I'm Not Black, I'm Coloured – Identity Crisis at the Cape of Good Hope
481:
449:
441:
425:
382:
366:
300:
296:
238:
122:
66:
31:
3415:
2121:
2056:
712:, former Unicity Mayor of Cape Town and Former Premier of the Western Cape
3404:
3396:
3364:
3268:
2811:
2784:
2565:
508:
469:
429:
378:
109:
74:
3442:
3409:
3389:
3374:
3342:
3336:
3328:
3240:
3168:
2581:
1967:
477:
465:
457:
179:
175:
105:
1003:, former Miss South Africa 1992 and first non-white Miss South Africa.
3095:
2602:
554:
A group of Cape Coloureds were interviewed in the documentary series
282:
183:
3382:
3349:
3151:
2852:
545:
533:
522:
420:
295:, meaning Kitchen Afrikaans. Cape Coloureds were classified under
286:
251:
2080:"Ancient Substructure in Early mtDNA Lineages of Southern Africa"
3276:
1043:
3099:
2478:
1015:, Miss South Africa 2000, media personality and business woman.
277:, though some speak only one of these. Some Cape Coloureds may
2435:
Bastaards Or Humans: The Unspoken Heritage of Coloured People
686:, South African Political activist and representative on the
2414:
My Blood Divides and Unites: Race, Identity, Reconciliation
385:
converts, most of whom were from professional backgrounds.
605:. The term "hotnot" is a derogatory term used to refer to
65:
An extended Coloured South African family with roots in
593:
The most used racial slurs against Cape Coloureds are
407:, with diverse ancestral links. Ancestry may include
403:
The Cape Coloureds are a heterogeneous South African
2456:
Shirley, Goodness & Mercy: A Childhood in Africa
2135:
Afrikaans-Speaking Catholics in the Rainbow Republic
3524:
3498:
3425:
3134:
3037:
2990:
2957:
2832:
2783:
2763:
2711:
2635:
2521:
2512:
245:, they are the predominant population group in the
165:
132:
116:
98:
80:
47:
2248:
1036:, South African-born guitarist, singer, and actor.
642:, Political activist, educationalist and lecturer.
578:Indonesian, Indian, Bengal and Sri Lankan slaves.
225:classification consisting primarily of persons of
2179:"History of Slavery and early colonisation in SA"
702:, former Finance Minister, currently Head of the
265:A Coloured man from Cape Town speaking Afrikaans.
636:, South African HIV/AIDS activist and filmmaker
290:
49:
3111:
2490:
8:
2153:"The Cape Coloureds are a mix of everything"
704:National Planning Commission of South Africa
569:Word of Honour: Reclaiming Mandela’s Promise
42:
3490:Pre-Columbian transoceanic contact theories
755:, last commander and first Governor of the
350:Dutch Reformed Church in South Africa (NGK)
3118:
3104:
3096:
2518:
2497:
2483:
2475:
1106:, South African-born singer and songwriter
1052:, singer and guitarist for the Beach Boys.
373:pastors, who were defying the traditional
360:Uniting Reformed Church in Southern Africa
41:
2111:
2046:
2005:
727:, Western Cape Community Safety Minister.
1899:- South Africa's first chess grandmaster
3568:History of the Dutch East India Company
2255:. Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp.
1930:
1164:, 2004 Olympian, Commonwealth medallist
419:(or a combination of all). People from
269:They are generally bilingual, speaking
2337:Adhikari, Mohamed (17 November 2005).
1827:, Western Province and Stormers player
1821:, Western Province and Stormers player
1754:, Western Province and Stormers player
739:, political activist, poet and writer.
344:A separate Dutch Reformed Church, the
2343:. Ohio University Press. p. 28.
813:, poet, writer and performance artist
289:, also known as Cape Slang (Capy) or
229:African, Asian and European descent.
7:
1578:'s all-time top scorer with 31 goals
381:community, with a smaller number of
99:Regions with significant populations
2312:"Is the word 'coloured' offensive?"
2251:South Africa: No Easy Path to Peace
2155:. Discover Magazine. Archived from
1990:"Ethnicity in linguistic variation"
1939:Mid-year population estimates, 2020
1088:, South African-born film composer.
2084:American Journal of Human Genetics
1964:"The Coloureds of Southern Africa"
648:(Political activist & Cleric).
542:township (Cape Town, South Africa)
25:
2280:Szafraniec, Gina (3 April 2011).
1944:(Report). Statistics South Africa
571:(Monde World Films, US release)
527:Cape Coloured school children in
352:. It was merged in 1994 with the
1966:. MixedFolks.com. Archived from
358:(DRCA, formed 1963) to form the
285:of Afrikaans and English called
59:
2432:Richards, Ruben Robert (2018).
1715:, scored both goals to win the
801:, writer and performance artist
415:, and slaves imported from the
355:Dutch Reformed Church in Africa
3475:Origins of Hutu, Tutsi and Twa
411:, indigenous Khoi and San and
1:
3433:Cherokee freedmen controversy
2506:Ethnic groups in South Africa
747:International Cricket Council
346:Dutch Reformed Mission Church
241:form a minority group within
196:Bantu peoples of South Africa
2411:Boggenpoel, Jesmane (2018).
2183:South African History Online
2151:Khan, Razib (16 June 2011).
790:, journalist, poet, activist
92:(In South Africa only, 2020)
27:Ethnic group in South Africa
1717:1996 African Cup of Nations
627:, South African writer and
519:Cape Coloureds in the media
501:Population Registration Act
499:Under Apartheid, under the
3584:
3506:Contemporary ethnic groups
2390:Adhikari, Mohamed (2005).
2096:10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.12.010
1576:South Africa national team
1146:, track-and-field sprinter
1030:, hip-hop recording artist
848:, poet, writer, journalist
745:, former president of the
670:, now leader of Good Party
538:Cape Coloured children in
391:remains in practice among
299:as a subset of the larger
29:
2396:. Ohio University Press.
2048:10.1007/s00439-010-0836-1
975:Blossom Tainton-Lindquist
893:, poet, writer, scholar,
799:Phillippa Yaa de Villiers
515:", or "Other Coloureds".
311:Khoisan-speaking Africans
170:
137:
121:
103:
85:
58:
2217:"An appalling "science""
1009:, Miss South Africa 2015
997:, Miss South Africa 2018
991:, Miss South Africa 2007
507:referred to a subset of
48:
2453:Van Wyk, Chris (2006).
2007:10.1075/prag.20.3.06ste
1126:, television presenter.
1094:, musician and director
323:Ethnic groups in Europe
317:Bantu-speaking Africans
2247:Leach, Graham (1986).
1988:Stell, Gerald (2010).
1070:, pianist and composer
688:Cape Town City Council
551:
543:
531:
291:
266:
215:
50:
2282:"Millions Will Watch"
733:, political activist.
660:Independent Democrats
549:
537:
526:
503:as amended, the term
264:
200:Indian South Africans
166:Related ethnic groups
127:South African English
3453:Interracial marriage
3448:Interethnic marriage
3230:Eurasian Singaporean
2286:The Bloomington Crow
902:Actors and actresses
629:LGBT rights activist
2417:. Porcupine Press.
2141:, 14 November 1996.
2139:Catholic World News
1881:- basketball player
1879:Christopher Gabriel
764:Artists and writers
664:Democratic Alliance
44:
3558:Afrikaner diaspora
3532:Race of the future
3516:luk khrueng people
2159:on 28 January 2013
1476:Stanton Fredericks
1158:, 2004-08 Olympian
895:social philosopher
868:Richard Moore Rive
819:, writer, director
753:Simon van der Stel
718:, former mayor of
557:Ross Kemp on Gangs
552:
544:
532:
399:Origin and history
267:
3540:
3539:
3093:
3092:
2779:
2778:
2466:978-0-330-44483-5
2445:978-1-947599-06-2
2424:978-1-928455-28-8
2403:978-0-89680-442-5
2350:978-0-89680-442-5
2318:. 9 November 2006
2266:978-0-7102-0848-4
1804:Herschel Jantjies
1768:Peter de Villiers
1698:Elrio van Heerden
1486:Ruzaigh Gamildien
1366:Brendan Augustine
1312:Ignatius Malgraff
1208:Damian D'Oliveira
1168:Wayde van Niekerk
1144:Cornel Fredericks
1064:, hip-hop artist.
921:Lesley-Ann Brandt
852:Sizwe Mpofu-Walsh
757:Dutch Cape Colony
652:Patricia de Lille
640:Neville Alexander
417:Dutch East Indies
409:European settlers
292:Kombuis Afrikaans
262:
216:Kaapse Kleurlinge
205:
204:
94:
51:Kaapse Kleurlinge
16:(Redirected from
3575:
3235:Filipino Mestizo
3120:
3113:
3106:
3097:
3025:
3020:
2908:
2869:
2862:
2855:
2702:
2688:
2681:
2667:
2660:
2653:
2645:Basotho/S. Sotho
2626:
2619:
2605:
2598:
2591:
2584:
2519:
2499:
2492:
2485:
2476:
2470:
2449:
2428:
2407:
2377:
2374:
2368:
2361:
2355:
2354:
2334:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2323:
2308:
2302:
2301:
2299:
2297:
2292:on 27 April 2011
2288:. Archived from
2277:
2271:
2270:
2254:
2244:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2234:
2229:on 23 April 2012
2225:. Archived from
2222:The Sunday Times
2215:Valentine, Sue.
2212:
2206:
2200:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2189:
2175:
2169:
2168:
2166:
2164:
2148:
2142:
2132:
2126:
2125:
2115:
2075:
2069:
2068:
2050:
2026:
2020:
2019:
2009:
1985:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1975:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1951:
1949:
1943:
1935:
1866:Chester Williams
1784:Cornal Hendricks
1663:Brandon Peterson
1532:David Kannemeyer
1507:Ashraf Hendricks
1436:Rushine De Reuck
1381:Tyrique Bartlett
1283:Roger Telemachus
1268:Vernon Philander
1243:Charl Langeveldt
1223:Beuran Hendricks
1218:Herschelle Gibbs
1203:Basil D'Oliveira
1162:Geraldine Pillay
1074:Abdullah Ibrahim
846:Selwyn Milborrow
731:Dulcie September
676:, South African
494:African diaspora
450:coloured persons
375:anti-Catholicism
294:
263:
90:
81:Total population
63:
53:
45:
21:
3583:
3582:
3578:
3577:
3576:
3574:
3573:
3572:
3543:
3542:
3541:
3536:
3520:
3494:
3421:
3130:
3124:
3094:
3089:
3033:
3023:
3016:
2986:
2953:
2904:
2865:
2858:
2851:
2828:
2775:
2759:
2707:
2698:
2684:
2677:
2663:
2656:
2649:
2631:
2622:
2615:
2601:
2594:
2587:
2580:
2508:
2503:
2473:
2467:
2452:
2446:
2431:
2425:
2410:
2404:
2389:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2371:
2362:
2358:
2351:
2336:
2335:
2331:
2321:
2319:
2310:
2309:
2305:
2295:
2293:
2279:
2278:
2274:
2267:
2246:
2245:
2241:
2232:
2230:
2214:
2213:
2209:
2201:
2197:
2187:
2185:
2177:
2176:
2172:
2162:
2160:
2150:
2149:
2145:
2133:
2129:
2077:
2076:
2072:
2028:
2027:
2023:
1987:
1986:
1982:
1973:
1971:
1962:
1961:
1957:
1947:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1906:
1887:- tennis player
1875:
1870:
1861:Ashwin Willemse
1856:Jaco van Tonder
1737:
1732:
1723:Ronwen Williams
1708:Shu-Aib Walters
1673:Reyaad Pieterse
1643:Riyaad Norodien
1607:Tashreeq Morris
1582:Fabian McCarthy
1527:Moeneeb Josephs
1461:Quinton Fortune
1426:Clayton Daniels
1416:Rivaldo Coetzee
1321:
1316:
1297:
1292:
1263:Keegan Petersen
1253:Alviro Petersen
1228:Reeza Hendricks
1178:
1173:
1133:
1114:
1109:
1092:Taliep Petersen
1050:Blondie Chaplin
1040:Jonathan Butler
1023:
1018:
984:
979:
969:Shamilla Miller
963:Kandyse McClure
945:Kim Engelbrecht
939:Vinette Ebrahim
933:Vincent Ebrahim
904:
899:
817:Oliver Hermanus
777:Tyrone Appollis
766:
684:Zainunnisa Gool
678:trades unionist
674:Tony Ehrenreich
621:
616:
584:
529:Mitchells Plain
521:
401:
342:
252:
235:
89:
64:
54:
40:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3581:
3579:
3571:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3553:Cape Coloureds
3545:
3544:
3538:
3537:
3535:
3534:
3528:
3526:
3522:
3521:
3519:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3502:
3500:
3496:
3495:
3493:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3456:
3455:
3450:
3440:
3435:
3429:
3427:
3423:
3422:
3420:
3419:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3401:
3400:
3393:
3379:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3361:
3360:
3353:
3346:
3334:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3309:
3308:
3294:
3293:
3292:
3280:
3273:
3272:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3249:
3244:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3206:
3205:
3190:
3185:
3184:
3183:
3182:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3164:Cape Coloureds
3156:
3149:
3147:Amazonian Jews
3144:
3138:
3136:
3132:
3131:
3125:
3123:
3122:
3115:
3108:
3100:
3091:
3090:
3088:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3041:
3039:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3031:
3028:
3027:
3026:
3021:
3011:
3008:
3005:
3004:Telegu/Andhras
3002:
2996:
2994:
2988:
2987:
2985:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2967:Cape Coloureds
2963:
2961:
2955:
2954:
2952:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2910:
2909:
2906:Afrikaner-Jews
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2871:
2870:
2863:
2856:
2844:
2838:
2836:
2830:
2829:
2827:
2826:
2825:
2824:
2819:
2809:
2808:
2807:
2804:
2793:
2791:
2781:
2780:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2773:
2769:
2767:
2761:
2760:
2758:
2757:
2754:
2751:
2748:
2745:
2742:
2739:
2736:
2733:
2730:
2727:
2724:
2721:
2717:
2715:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2705:
2704:
2703:
2691:
2690:
2689:
2682:
2670:
2669:
2668:
2661:
2654:
2641:
2639:
2633:
2632:
2630:
2629:
2628:
2627:
2620:
2608:
2607:
2606:
2599:
2592:
2585:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2527:
2525:
2516:
2514:Bantu-speaking
2510:
2509:
2504:
2502:
2501:
2494:
2487:
2479:
2472:
2471:
2465:
2450:
2444:
2429:
2423:
2408:
2402:
2386:
2384:
2383:External links
2381:
2379:
2378:
2369:
2356:
2349:
2329:
2303:
2272:
2265:
2239:
2207:
2195:
2170:
2143:
2127:
2090:(2): 285–292.
2070:
2035:Human Genetics
2021:
2000:(3): 425–447.
1980:
1970:on 17 May 2008
1955:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1923:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1900:
1894:
1893:- darts player
1891:Devon Petersen
1888:
1882:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1836:Breyton Paulse
1833:
1828:
1822:
1816:
1814:Ashley Johnson
1811:
1809:Ricky Januarie
1806:
1801:
1799:Elton Jantjies
1796:
1794:Conrad Jantjes
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1775:, Sprinbok 7's
1770:
1765:
1760:
1758:Bolla Conradie
1755:
1749:
1744:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1730:
1728:Robyn Johannes
1725:
1720:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1693:Brandon Silent
1690:
1688:Ebrahim Seedat
1685:
1683:Frank Schoeman
1680:
1675:
1670:
1668:Steven Pienaar
1665:
1660:
1658:Peter Petersen
1655:
1650:
1648:Bernard Parker
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1592:Grant Margeman
1589:
1584:
1579:
1572:Benni McCarthy
1569:
1564:
1559:
1557:Clinton Larsen
1554:
1552:Lee Langeveldt
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1522:Willem Jackson
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1471:Bevan Fransman
1468:
1463:
1458:
1456:Taariq Fielies
1453:
1448:
1446:Kermit Erasmus
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1411:Daylon Claasen
1408:
1403:
1401:Delron Buckley
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1376:Shaun Bartlett
1373:
1368:
1363:
1361:Bradley August
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1341:Oswin Appollis
1338:
1336:Cole Alexander
1333:
1328:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1314:
1309:
1307:Liesel Dorothy
1304:
1302:Clyde Abrahams
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1278:Ashwell Prince
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1258:Robin Peterson
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1238:Garnett Kruger
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1188:Vincent Barnes
1185:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1171:
1165:
1159:
1153:
1147:
1141:
1138:Shaun Abrahams
1134:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1127:
1121:
1118:Marc Lottering
1113:
1110:
1108:
1107:
1101:
1095:
1089:
1083:
1077:
1076:, jazz pianist
1071:
1065:
1059:
1056:Paxton Fielies
1053:
1047:
1037:
1031:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1016:
1013:Jo-Ann Strauss
1010:
1004:
998:
992:
989:Tansey Coetzee
985:
983:
980:
978:
977:
972:
966:
960:
954:
948:
942:
936:
930:
924:
918:
915:Natalie Becker
912:
905:
903:
900:
898:
897:
891:Athol Williams
888:
882:
876:
871:
865:
860:
854:
849:
843:
840:James Matthews
837:
831:
829:Mustafa Maluka
826:
820:
814:
808:
802:
796:
791:
785:
780:
774:
771:Peter Abrahams
767:
765:
762:
761:
760:
750:
740:
734:
728:
722:
713:
707:
697:
691:
681:
671:
649:
643:
637:
631:
620:
617:
615:
612:
607:Khoisan people
583:
580:
563:The 2009 film
520:
517:
482:Cape Coloureds
400:
397:
371:Dutch Reformed
341:
338:
333:
332:
326:
320:
314:
234:
231:
208:Cape Coloureds
203:
202:
168:
167:
163:
162:
151:Roman Catholic
143:Dutch Reformed
141:(80%, largely
135:
134:
130:
129:
119:
118:
114:
113:
104:South Africa,
101:
100:
96:
95:
83:
82:
78:
77:
56:
55:
43:Cape Coloureds
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3580:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3550:
3548:
3533:
3530:
3529:
3527:
3523:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3503:
3501:
3497:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3470:One-drop rule
3468:
3466:
3465:Miscegenation
3463:
3461:
3458:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3445:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3430:
3428:
3424:
3418:
3417:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3399:
3398:
3394:
3392:
3391:
3387:
3386:
3385:
3384:
3380:
3378:
3377:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3359:
3358:
3354:
3352:
3351:
3347:
3345:
3344:
3340:
3339:
3338:
3335:
3332:
3331:
3326:
3325:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3307:
3306:
3302:
3301:
3300:
3299:
3295:
3291:
3288:
3287:
3286:
3285:
3281:
3279:
3278:
3274:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3254:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3242:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3210:Anglo-Burmese
3208:
3204:
3203:
3199:
3198:
3197:
3194:
3193:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3166:
3165:
3162:
3161:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3154:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3139:
3137:
3133:
3128:
3121:
3116:
3114:
3109:
3107:
3102:
3101:
3098:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3036:
3029:
3022:
3019:
3015:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2997:
2995:
2993:
2989:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2964:
2962:
2960:
2956:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2907:
2903:
2902:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2868:
2864:
2861:
2857:
2854:
2850:
2849:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2839:
2837:
2835:
2831:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2813:
2810:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2799:
2798:
2795:
2794:
2792:
2790:
2786:
2782:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2766:
2762:
2755:
2752:
2749:
2746:
2743:
2740:
2737:
2734:
2731:
2728:
2725:
2722:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2714:
2710:
2701:
2697:
2696:
2695:
2692:
2687:
2683:
2680:
2676:
2675:
2674:
2673:Pedi/N. Sotho
2671:
2666:
2662:
2659:
2655:
2652:
2648:
2647:
2646:
2643:
2642:
2640:
2638:
2634:
2625:
2621:
2618:
2614:
2613:
2612:
2609:
2604:
2600:
2597:
2593:
2590:
2586:
2583:
2579:
2578:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2528:
2526:
2524:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2500:
2495:
2493:
2488:
2486:
2481:
2480:
2477:
2468:
2462:
2458:
2457:
2451:
2447:
2441:
2437:
2436:
2430:
2426:
2420:
2416:
2415:
2409:
2405:
2399:
2395:
2394:
2388:
2387:
2382:
2373:
2370:
2366:
2360:
2357:
2352:
2346:
2342:
2341:
2333:
2330:
2317:
2313:
2307:
2304:
2291:
2287:
2283:
2276:
2273:
2268:
2262:
2258:
2253:
2252:
2243:
2240:
2228:
2224:
2223:
2218:
2211:
2208:
2205:
2199:
2196:
2184:
2180:
2174:
2171:
2158:
2154:
2147:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2131:
2128:
2123:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2074:
2071:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2041:(2): 145–53.
2040:
2036:
2032:
2025:
2022:
2017:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1984:
1981:
1969:
1965:
1959:
1956:
1940:
1934:
1931:
1925:
1921:
1920:Kaapse Klopse
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1907:
1903:
1898:
1897:Kenny Solomon
1895:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1885:Raven Klaasen
1883:
1880:
1877:
1876:
1872:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1846:Tian Schoeman
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1820:
1819:Cheslin Kolbe
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1789:Adrian Jacobs
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1773:Justin Geduld
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1763:Juan de Jongh
1761:
1759:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1718:
1714:
1713:Mark Williams
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1678:Wayne Roberts
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1653:Genino Palace
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1628:Andras Nemeth
1626:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1602:Nasief Morris
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1577:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1567:Stanton Lewis
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1537:Ricardo Katza
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1502:Travis Graham
1500:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1481:Reeve Frosler
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1451:Jody February
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1406:Brent Carelse
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1391:Mario Booysen
1389:
1387:
1386:David Booysen
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1356:Wayne Arendse
1354:
1352:
1351:Tyren Arendse
1349:
1347:
1346:Andre Arendse
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1331:Kurt Abrahams
1329:
1327:
1324:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1288:Clyde Fortuin
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1248:Wayne Parnell
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
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1199:
1196:
1194:
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1189:
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1175:
1169:
1166:
1163:
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1157:
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1145:
1142:
1140:, 800m runner
1139:
1136:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1115:
1111:
1105:
1102:
1099:
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1087:
1084:
1081:
1080:Robbie Jansen
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1034:Fallon Bowman
1032:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1020:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1002:
1001:Amy Kleinhans
999:
996:
995:Tamaryn Green
993:
990:
987:
986:
982:Beauty queens
981:
976:
973:
970:
967:
964:
961:
958:
955:
952:
951:Jarrid Geduld
949:
946:
943:
940:
937:
934:
931:
928:
925:
922:
919:
916:
913:
910:
909:Quanita Adams
907:
906:
901:
896:
892:
889:
886:
883:
880:
877:
875:
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869:
866:
864:
861:
858:
857:Arthur Nortje
855:
853:
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844:
841:
838:
836:
832:
830:
827:
824:
821:
818:
815:
812:
809:
806:
805:Garth Erasmus
803:
800:
797:
795:
792:
789:
788:Dennis Brutus
786:
784:
783:Willie Bester
781:
778:
775:
772:
769:
768:
763:
758:
754:
751:
748:
744:
741:
738:
735:
732:
729:
726:
723:
721:
717:
716:Gerald Morkel
714:
711:
708:
705:
701:
700:Trevor Manuel
698:
695:
692:
689:
685:
682:
679:
675:
672:
669:
665:
662:leader, then
661:
657:
653:
650:
647:
644:
641:
638:
635:
634:Zackie Achmat
632:
630:
626:
623:
622:
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613:
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608:
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600:
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589:
581:
579:
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566:
561:
559:
558:
548:
541:
536:
530:
525:
518:
516:
514:
510:
506:
505:Cape Coloured
502:
497:
495:
490:
485:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
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451:
445:
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363:
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339:
337:
330:
329:Asian peoples
327:
324:
321:
318:
315:
312:
309:
308:
307:
304:
302:
298:
293:
288:
284:
281:, speaking a
280:
276:
272:
250:
248:
244:
240:
232:
230:
228:
224:
221:
220:South African
217:
213:
209:
201:
197:
193:
189:
188:Griqua people
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
164:
160:
157:(5%, largely
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
131:
128:
124:
120:
115:
111:
107:
102:
97:
93:
88:
84:
79:
76:
72:
68:
62:
57:
52:
46:
37:
33:
19:
18:Cape coloured
3438:Ethnogenesis
3414:
3395:
3388:
3381:
3375:
3355:
3348:
3341:
3329:
3322:
3303:
3297:
3282:
3275:
3251:
3239:
3215:Anglo-Indian
3200:
3163:
3152:
2966:
2637:Sotho-Tswana
2455:
2434:
2413:
2392:
2372:
2359:
2339:
2332:
2320:. Retrieved
2315:
2306:
2294:. Retrieved
2290:the original
2285:
2275:
2250:
2242:
2231:. Retrieved
2227:the original
2220:
2210:
2198:
2186:. Retrieved
2182:
2173:
2161:. Retrieved
2157:the original
2146:
2130:
2087:
2083:
2073:
2038:
2034:
2024:
1997:
1993:
1983:
1972:. Retrieved
1968:the original
1958:
1946:. Retrieved
1933:
1915:District Six
1851:Errol Tobias
1831:Lionel Mapoe
1825:Dillyn Leyds
1779:Bryan Habana
1752:Kurt Coleman
1633:Reagan Noble
1617:Andile Ncobo
1587:Leroy Maluka
1562:Luke Le Roux
1496:Victor Gomes
1491:Morgan Gould
1441:Keagan Dolly
1431:Lance Davids
1421:Keanu Cupido
1396:Ethan Brooks
1326:Keegan Allan
1295:Field hockey
1198:Henry Davids
1193:Loots Bosman
1156:Leigh Julius
1150:Paul Gorries
1124:Jenny Powell
1104:Tyla Seethal
1086:Trevor Jones
1007:Liesl Laurie
957:Shannon Kook
927:Meryl Cassie
823:Rozena Maart
811:Diana Ferrus
794:Peter Clarke
710:Peter Marais
694:Alex La Guma
646:Allan Boesak
598:
592:
585:
576:
573:
568:
564:
562:
555:
553:
504:
498:
486:
446:
413:Xhosa people
405:ethnic group
402:
387:
364:
353:
345:
343:
334:
305:
303:race group.
268:
247:Western Cape
243:South Africa
236:
233:Demographics
207:
206:
91:
86:
39:Ethnic group
36:
3460:Melting pot
3370:Mixed-blood
3259:Luso-Asians
3253:Luk khrueng
3127:Multiracial
3050:Zimbabweans
2972:Cape Malays
2949:Zimbabweans
2919:Mozambicans
2822:Strandloper
2589:Gqunukhwebe
2459:. Picador.
1948:25 February
1747:Nizaam Carr
1703:Dino Visser
1638:Brad Norman
1542:Daine Klate
1517:Rudi Isaacs
1512:Rowan Human
1466:Lyle Foster
1371:Emile Baron
1098:YoungstaCPT
1068:Paul Hanmer
874:Tracey Rose
863:Robin Rhode
835:Don Mattera
625:Midi Achmat
619:Politicians
582:Terminology
540:Bonteheuwel
513:Cape Malays
462:Cape Malays
393:Cape Malays
389:Sunni Islam
279:code switch
192:Cape Malays
3547:Categories
3225:Dutch Indo
3192:Eurasians
3142:Afro-Asian
3080:Pakistanis
3013:Gujaratis
2934:Portuguese
2924:Norwegians
2860:Cape Dutch
2847:Afrikaners
2536:Mpondomise
2438:. Indaba.
2296:26 January
2233:2013-01-26
2188:26 January
2163:26 January
1994:Pragmatics
1974:2009-10-23
1926:References
1910:Cape Corps
1612:James Musa
1597:Bryce Moon
1547:Lyle Lakay
1273:Dane Piedt
1233:Omar Henry
1183:Paul Adams
1152:, Sprinter
1120:, comedian
1082:, musician
885:Zoë Wicomb
879:Adam Small
779:, academic
743:Percy Sonn
737:Adam Small
586:The term "
454:Hottentots
438:Mozambique
434:Madagascar
325:: (21–28%)
319:: (20–36%)
313:: (32–43%)
227:mixed race
172:Afrikaners
3563:Coloureds
3511:Diasporas
3318:Melungeon
3284:Hùnxuě'ér
3196:Amerasian
3159:Coloureds
3065:Nigerians
2959:Coloureds
2867:Huguenots
2726:N'walungu
2104:0002-9297
2016:1018-2101
1841:Earl Rose
1742:Gio Aplon
1623:Morne Nel
1619:, referee
1498:, referee
1213:JP Duminy
1131:Athletics
1062:Jean Grae
1046:musician.
1021:Musicians
971:, actress
965:, actress
947:, actress
941:, actress
929:, actress
923:, actress
917:, actress
911:, actress
725:Dan Plato
720:Cape Town
668:Cape Town
666:mayor of
654:, former
595:Hottentot
588:coloureds
442:Apartheid
426:Indonesia
383:Afrikaner
367:Apartheid
331:: (9–11%)
297:apartheid
287:Afrikaaps
271:Afrikaans
239:Coloureds
237:Although
212:Afrikaans
139:Christian
123:Afrikaans
117:Languages
112:, Lesotho
87:5,247,740
71:Kimberley
67:Cape Town
32:Coloureds
3525:See also
3405:Quadroon
3397:mameluco
3305:caiçaras
3290:Chindian
3269:Topasses
3264:Macanese
3247:Kristang
3070:Japanese
2914:Lebanese
2895:Italians
2875:Angolans
2812:Khoekhoe
2738:Hlanganu
2686:Mabelane
2679:Balobedu
2665:Batlokwa
2566:Ndwandwe
2316:BBC News
2122:23332919
2065:24696284
2057:20490549
1904:See also
1319:Football
1100:, rapper
1058:, singer
887:, writer
881:, writer
870:, writer
842:, writer
825:, writer
807:, artist
773:, writer
509:Coloured
470:Korannas
444:regime.
430:Malaysia
379:Coloured
340:Religion
301:Coloured
218:) are a
147:Anglican
133:Religion
110:Zimbabwe
75:Pretoria
3485:Plaçage
3480:Passing
3443:Exogamy
3426:History
3410:Sacatra
3390:caboclo
3376:mulatos
3343:castizo
3337:Mestizo
3324:mestiço
3313:Marabou
3298:juçaras
3220:Burgher
3202:Bụi đời
3174:Griquas
3169:Basters
3075:Koreans
3060:Somalis
3055:Chinese
2992:Indians
2982:Oorlams
2977:Griquas
2880:Germans
2842:British
2720:Hlengwe
2658:Bataung
2651:Bakoena
2624:Khumalo
2582:Gcaleka
2551:Ndebele
2113:3567273
1176:Cricket
959:, actor
953:, actor
935:, actor
658:, then
489:African
478:Negroes
474:Creoles
466:Griquas
458:Bushmen
275:English
180:Basters
176:Khoisan
106:Namibia
3416:sarará
3357:coyote
3330:ainoko
3188:Dougla
3179:Oorlam
3153:cafuzo
3129:topics
3038:Others
3030:Koknis
3024:Surtis
3018:Memons
3000:Tamils
2885:Greeks
2834:Whites
2756:Thonga
2753:Ndzawu
2747:Dzonga
2741:Nhlave
2735:Rhonga
2729:Gwamba
2713:Tsonga
2700:Balete
2694:Tswana
2603:Xesibe
2571:Thembu
2463:
2442:
2421:
2400:
2347:
2322:5 June
2263:
2120:
2110:
2102:
2063:
2055:
2014:
1873:Others
1112:Others
859:, poet
614:People
603:Kaffir
599:hotnot
480:, and
436:, and
283:patois
223:ethnic
184:Oorlam
155:Muslim
3499:Lists
3383:pardo
3365:Métis
3350:cholo
3135:Terms
3045:Lemba
3007:Hindi
2944:Turks
2939:Serbs
2929:Poles
2890:Irish
2853:Boers
2802:ǃKung
2772:Ngona
2765:Venda
2732:Tswha
2617:Fingo
2596:Gaika
2576:Xhosa
2561:Swazi
2556:Pondo
2546:Hlubi
2541:Fengu
2531:Bhaca
2523:Nguni
2061:S2CID
1942:(PDF)
1735:Rugby
1719:final
421:India
159:Sunni
3277:Hapa
3241:Hāfu
3085:Roma
3010:Urdu
2900:Jews
2817:Nama
2806:ǀXam
2787:and
2785:Khoi
2750:Copi
2744:Bila
2723:Xika
2611:Zulu
2461:ISBN
2440:ISBN
2419:ISBN
2398:ISBN
2345:ISBN
2324:2019
2298:2013
2261:ISBN
2190:2013
2165:2013
2118:PMID
2100:ISSN
2053:PMID
2012:ISSN
1950:2021
1044:jazz
833:Dr.
601:and
273:and
73:and
2797:San
2789:San
2259:–.
2108:PMC
2092:doi
2043:doi
2039:128
2002:doi
1028:AKA
656:PAC
597:or
484:.
153:),
3549::
2314:.
2284:.
2257:70
2219:.
2181:.
2137:,
2116:.
2106:.
2098:.
2088:92
2086:.
2082:.
2059:.
2051:.
2037:.
2033:.
2010:.
1998:20
1996:.
1992:.
1574:,
1042:,
496:.
476:,
472:,
468:,
464:,
460:,
456:,
432:,
428:,
362:.
249:.
214::
198:,
194:,
190:,
186:,
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3327:(
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2491:t
2484:v
2469:.
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2427:.
2406:.
2367:.
2353:.
2326:.
2300:.
2269:.
2236:.
2192:.
2167:.
2124:.
2094::
2067:.
2045::
2018:.
2004::
1977:.
1952:.
759:.
749:.
706:.
690:.
680:.
448:"
210:(
161:)
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
