462:
299:
315:
533:, possibly to avoid detection by the birds, which help rangers to track poaching activity by circling above where there are dead animals. Climate change has contributed as a threat for the endemic species, populations have decreased due to the high temperatures and global warming. There is still need to alter laws to achieve great conservation, as most laws in South Africa are implemented at a provincial scale. All vulture species can be elevated to 'Specially Protected' status to help increase their populations.
95:
376:
70:
31:
494:
The Cape vulture is considered to be impacted by a number of threats. A decrease in the amount of large carrion particularly during nesting, targeted or inadvertent poisoning, loss of foraging habitat, and unsustainable harvesting for traditional uses are thought to be the most important factors. A
541:
There is still a need to deal with human-wildlife conflicts, farmers still need to be made aware of the effects of poisoning. In
Namibia, 1.7% of communal farmers admitted to using poison in the year 2015. In Kenya, over 20% of farmers used poisons to eliminate predators and they were not aware of
452:
In
Colleywobbles Vulture Colony in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, the fledglings had a mean post-fledging dependency period of 101 days, and the distance from the nest increased after this period, as the fledglings gained independence from their parents. Though they continue to breed, some
322:
This large vulture is of a creamy-buff colour, with contrasting dark flight and tail feathers. The adult is paler than the juvenile, and its underwing coverts can appear almost white at a distance. The head and neck are near-naked. The eyes are yellowish, and the bill is black. Juveniles and
326:
The average length of adult vultures is about 96–115 cm (38–45 in) with a wingspan of 2.26–2.6 m (7 ft 5 in – 8 ft 6 in) and a body weight of 7–11 kg (15–24 lb). The two prominent bare skin patches at the base of the neck, also found in the
501:
and related compounds, which is used to treat arthritis in cattle, and which lead to kidney failure in vultures who consume carcasses of treated cattle. Electrocution resulting from collision with cables on electricity pylons is the most common cause of death in ringed birds.
448:
of 11,800–22,500 km (4,600–8,700 sq mi). They also roost on trees and pylons. Additionally, juveniles and adults both prefer to roost on cliffs located closer to colonies. It is also believed that they tend to remain or return to the area of birth for breeding.
423:, eating soft muscles and organ tissues and some bone fragments. They search for food in groups, they can spot the carcasses from a long distance meaning that they have good eyesight. They are able to locate the carcass quicker than other ground-dwelling scavengers.
542:
the Kenya
Wildlife Act. It was then suggested that awareness campaigns should be implemented to reduce poisoning. In addition, a combination of top-down, e.g. legislation, and bottom-up such as corrals or compensation is expected to help reduce the problem.
347:. With a mean body mass of roughly 8.9 to 9.22 kg (19.6 to 20.3 lb), it appears to be significantly heavier than wild lappet-faced vultures, despite the latter's extremely large appearance, and rivals only a few other species, namely the
2063:
857:
Martens, Francis R.; Pfeiffer, Morgan B.; Downs, Colleen T.; Venter, Jan A. (2020). "Cliff roost site selection of the endangered Cape
Vulture Gyps coprotheres in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa".
487:. Between 1992 and 2007 the species declined by 60-70% in South Africa alone. By 2021, the total population size was estimated about 9,600 to 12,800 mature individuals, and it was assessed as
323:
immatures are generally darker and more streaked, with brown to orange eyes and red necks. It closely resembles the white-backed vulture, however it is larger and has yellow irises.
444:, Cape vultures were more likely to use nest sites on ledges with a smaller depth and at a higher elevation, surrounded by conspecifics. Tracked individuals in Namibia had
2128:
2167:
2267:
2247:
802:
Pfeiffer, M. B.; Venter, J. A.; Downs, C. T. (2017). "Cliff characteristics, neighbour requirements and breeding success of the colonial Cape
Vulture
2102:
39:
2141:
1234:"Awareness of environmental legislation as a deterrent for wildlife crime: A case with Masaai pastoralists, poison use and the Kenya Wildlife Act"
1011:
1068:
461:
298:
1302:
746:
673:
467:
1114:
Phipps, W. Louis; Diekmann, Maria; MacTavish, Lynne M.; Mendelsohn, John M.; Naidoo, Vinny; Wolter, Kerri; Yarnell, Richard W. (2017).
1043:
2262:
1357:
786:
731:
1318:
314:
2272:
396:
1093:
929:
2146:
1449:
1185:"The drivers and extent of poison use by Namibia's communal farmers: Implications for averting the African vulture crisis"
893:
Hirschauer, Margaret T.; Wolter, Kerri; Neser, Walter (2017). "Natal philopatry in young Cape
Vultures Gyps coprotheres".
453:
populations have been recorded to have declined. Roberts’ Farm in
Magaliesberg, was abandoned as a breeding site in 2013.
440:
faces in or near mountains, and has been recorded up to an elevation of 3,100 m (10,200 ft). In South Africa's
1439:
1148:
Thompson, Lindy J.; Blackmore, Andrew C. (2020). "A brief review of the legal protection of vultures in South Africa".
2257:
639:
777:". In Harrison, J.A.; Allan, D.G.; Underhill, L.G.; Herremans, M.; Tree, A.J.; Parker, V. & Brown, C. (eds.).
2172:
723:
356:
1713:
206:
94:
2006:
2027:
1941:
1743:
1072:
1920:
1350:
526:
483:
The Cape vulture has been declining steadily since at least the 1980s, when it was first categorized as
189:
1979:
621:
598:
2089:
2019:
1988:
1878:
1869:
1853:
1844:
1703:
1683:
1116:"Due South: A first assessment of the potential impacts of climate change on Cape vulture occurrence"
518:
510:
506:
344:
328:
1016:
715:
348:
59:
43:
763:
Vernon, Carl. “The Cape
Vulture at Colleywobbles: 1977-1997.” Ostrich 70.3-4 (1999): 200–202. Web.
750:
525:, were found in northern Botswana. It is suspected that they died after eating the carcasses of 3
1828:
1819:
1165:
993:
953:
910:
875:
488:
484:
287:
279:
215:
89:
74:
2133:
2193:
2159:
2050:
1693:
1608:
1599:
1585:
1524:
1515:
1406:
1298:
1263:
1214:
782:
727:
669:
364:
360:
303:
251:
2198:
1803:
1794:
1658:
1649:
1343:
1253:
1245:
1204:
1196:
1157:
1130:
983:
945:
902:
867:
817:
593:
472:
2032:
1115:
846:, Namibia: Namibian Ministry of Environment and Tourism and The Namibian Nature Foundation.
375:
2180:
1723:
1633:
1624:
259:
146:
1993:
575:
1778:
1769:
1733:
1429:
1258:
1233:
1209:
1184:
808:
514:
495:
source of poisoning specific to many vultures, including the Cape vulture, is the drug
1183:
Craig, Christie A.; Thomson, Robert L.; Girardello, Marco; Santangeli, Andrea (2019).
2252:
2241:
2154:
1549:
1540:
1474:
1465:
1169:
997:
879:
584:
283:
79:
957:
914:
2055:
1499:
1490:
781:. Vol. Non–passerines. Johannesburg: BirdLife South Africa. pp. 158–159.
476:
441:
388:
352:
336:
278:. It nests on cliffs and lays one egg per year. In 2015, it had been classified as
263:
255:
156:
51:
2224:
2068:
2042:
1161:
988:
971:
906:
871:
1134:
2211:
2115:
1973:
1044:"More than 500 endangered vultures die after eating poisoned elephant carcasses"
688:
Mendelsohn, J.M., Kemp, A.C., Biggs, H.C., Biggs, R., & Brown, C.J. (1989).
522:
307:
1324:
1249:
773:
Mundy, P.J.; Benson, P.C. & Allan, D.G. (1997). "Cape
Vulture Kransaalvoël
331:, are thought to be temperature sensors and used for detecting the presence of
30:
2219:
1915:
1577:
1200:
949:
497:
445:
384:
290:
in 2021 as some populations increased and have been stable since about 2016.
1964:
1420:
1290:
930:"Post-fledging movement and spatial ecology of the endangered Cape Vulture (
106:
1267:
1218:
2185:
1958:
1384:
843:
690:
Wing areas, wing loadings and wing spans of 66 species of
African raptors
530:
416:
412:
392:
271:
126:
1012:"Over 500 Rare Vultures Die After Eating Poisoned Elephants In Botswana"
2107:
2014:
1581:
1366:
420:
408:
332:
275:
267:
47:
821:
2001:
1378:
1294:
703:
Food requirements and the timing of breeding of a Cape vulture colony
419:
but does not breed there. They are obligate scavengers, they feed on
404:
400:
340:
116:
2120:
2081:
1935:
2206:
2076:
460:
437:
374:
313:
297:
1674:
1390:
1094:"BOTSWANA: Over 500 vultures found dead after massive poisoning"
1021:
928:
Martens, F.R.; Pfeiffer, M.B.; Downs, C.T.; et al. (2018).
383:
The Cape vulture is resident and breeding in Botswana, Lesotho,
166:
136:
2094:
1939:
1904:
1575:
1403:
1339:
1047:
1069:"Poachers' Poison Kills 530 Endangered Vultures in Botswana"
1335:
1232:
Didarali, Z.; Kuiper, T.; Brink, C.W.; et al. (2022).
1330:
622:"Le Chasse-siente, der Rothjäger. No. 10 (V. Coprotheres)"
521:
and 10 cape vultures, altogether 537 vultures, besides 2
355:, as the largest flying bird native to Africa. After the
840:
Birds to watch in Namibia: red, rare and endemic species
626:
F. le Vaillant's Naturgeschichte der afrikanischen Vögel
1285:
Sinclair, Ian; Hockey, Phil; Tarboton, Warwick (2002).
1948:
1867:
1842:
1817:
1792:
1767:
1672:
1647:
1622:
1597:
1538:
1513:
1488:
1463:
1418:
1325:
Species text in The Atlas of Southern African Birds
628:. Halle: Fried. Christoph Dreyssig. pp. 35–37.
599:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T22695225A197073171.en
838:Simmons, R. E.; Brown, C. J.; Kemper, J. (2015).
505:On the 20th of June 2019, the carcasses of 468
318:Illustration of a Cape vulture skeleton (1904)
1351:
8:
718:; Christie; Franklin; Mead; Burton (2001),
1936:
1901:
1594:
1572:
1415:
1400:
1358:
1344:
1336:
833:
831:
68:
29:
20:
1257:
1208:
987:
597:
363:, the Cape vulture is the third largest
551:
701:Komen, J., & Brown, C. J. (1993).
569:
567:
565:
563:
561:
559:
557:
555:
7:
468:De Wildt Cheetah and Wildlife Centre
2268:Birds of prey of Sub-Saharan Africa
779:The Atlas of southern African birds
585:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
335:. The species is among the largest
664:Dunning, John B. Jr., ed. (2008).
14:
666:CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses
2248:IUCN Red List vulnerable species
436:It usually breeds and roosts on
397:Democratic Republic of the Congo
274:, and in some parts of northern
93:
574:BirdLife International (2021).
1287:SASOL Birds of Southern Africa
1:
1450:Greater yellow-headed vulture
1162:10.2989/00306525.2019.1674938
1042:Hurworth, Ella (2019-06-24).
989:10.2989/00306525.2017.1380910
907:10.2989/00306525.2017.1245683
872:10.2989/00306525.2019.1651417
40:Rhino and Lion Nature Reserve
38:A flying cape vulture at the
1440:Lesser yellow-headed vulture
1135:10.1016/j.biocon.2017.03.028
749:. Arkive.org. Archived from
1319:BirdLife Species Factsheet.
668:(2nd ed.). CRC Press.
2289:
1250:10.1007/s13280-021-01695-8
1911:
1900:
1593:
1571:
1414:
1399:
1373:
1201:10.1007/s13280-018-1128-6
950:10.1007/s10336-018-1564-x
592:: e.T22695225A197073171.
357:Himalayan griffon vulture
286:, but was down-listed to
221:
214:
195:
188:
90:Scientific classification
88:
66:
57:
37:
28:
23:
2263:Birds of Southern Africa
705:. Ostrich, 64(2), 86-92.
692:. Ostrich, 60(1), 35-42.
457:Conservation and threats
371:Distribution and habitat
2273:Birds described in 1798
1883:Trigonoceps occipitalis
1529:Gymnogyps californianus
1123:Biological Conservation
620:Forster, J. R. (1798).
537:Human wildlife conflict
1744:Slender-billed vulture
938:Journal of Ornithology
529:that were poisoned by
480:
380:
319:
311:
262:, and lives mainly in
1921:Indian vulture crisis
1808:Neophron percnopterus
1663:Gypohierax angolensis
1454:Cathartes melambrotus
1444:Cathartes burrovianus
519:lappet-faced vultures
511:white-headed vultures
507:white-backed vultures
464:
427:Behaviour and ecology
378:
317:
301:
1879:White-headed vulture
1854:Lappet-faced vulture
1783:Necrosyrtes monachus
1704:White-backed vulture
1684:White-rumped vulture
1092:Ngounou, B. (2019).
747:"Cape vulture facts"
720:Raptors of the World
403:. It also occurs in
345:lappet-faced vulture
329:white-backed vulture
1858:Torgos tracheliotos
1017:Agence France-Press
716:James Ferguson-Lees
349:great white pelican
258:. It is endemic to
181:G. coprotheres
60:Conservation status
44:Cradle of Humankind
2258:Old World vultures
1829:Red-headed vulture
1586:Old World vultures
1407:New World vultures
1067:Solly, M. (2019).
481:
381:
320:
312:
2235:
2234:
2194:Open Tree of Life
1942:Taxon identifiers
1933:
1932:
1929:
1928:
1896:
1895:
1892:
1891:
1748:Gyps tenuirostris
1714:RĂĽppell's vulture
1698:Gyps himalayensis
1694:Himalayan vulture
1638:Gypaetus barbatus
1613:Aegypius monachus
1609:Cinereous vulture
1567:
1566:
1563:
1562:
1525:California condor
1504:Sarcoramphus papa
1304:978-1-86872-721-6
822:10.1111/ibi.12428
675:978-1-4200-6444-5
644:Travelnewsnamibia
365:Old World vulture
361:cinereous vulture
252:Old World vulture
242:), also known as
230:
229:
83:
2280:
2228:
2227:
2225:Gyps-coprotheres
2215:
2214:
2202:
2201:
2189:
2188:
2176:
2175:
2163:
2162:
2150:
2149:
2137:
2136:
2124:
2123:
2111:
2110:
2098:
2097:
2085:
2084:
2072:
2071:
2069:gyps-coprotheres
2059:
2058:
2046:
2045:
2036:
2035:
2023:
2022:
2020:F85BEEB442E4D57D
2010:
2009:
2007:gyps-coprotheres
1997:
1996:
1994:Gyps_coprotheres
1984:
1983:
1982:
1980:Gyps coprotheres
1969:
1968:
1967:
1950:Gyps coprotheres
1937:
1902:
1833:Sarcogyps calvus
1804:Egyptian vulture
1688:Gyps bengalensis
1659:Palm-nut vulture
1595:
1573:
1479:Coragyps atratus
1416:
1401:
1360:
1353:
1346:
1337:
1308:
1272:
1271:
1261:
1244:(7): 1632–1642.
1229:
1223:
1222:
1212:
1180:
1174:
1173:
1145:
1139:
1138:
1120:
1111:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1101:
1089:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1079:
1064:
1058:
1057:
1055:
1054:
1039:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1029:
1008:
1002:
1001:
991:
982:(3): 293. 2017.
968:
962:
961:
932:Gyps coprotheres
925:
919:
918:
890:
884:
883:
854:
848:
847:
835:
826:
825:
804:Gyps coprotheres
799:
793:
792:
775:Gyps coprotheres
770:
764:
761:
755:
754:
743:
737:
736:
724:Houghton-Mifflin
712:
706:
699:
693:
686:
680:
679:
661:
655:
654:
652:
650:
636:
630:
629:
617:
611:
610:
608:
606:
601:
578:Gyps coprotheres
571:
473:Breeding program
465:Cape vulture at
306:, KwaZulu-Natal
239:Gyps coprotheres
201:
199:Gyps coprotheres
98:
97:
77:
72:
71:
33:
21:
2288:
2287:
2283:
2282:
2281:
2279:
2278:
2277:
2238:
2237:
2236:
2231:
2223:
2218:
2210:
2205:
2197:
2192:
2184:
2181:Observation.org
2179:
2171:
2166:
2158:
2153:
2145:
2140:
2132:
2127:
2119:
2114:
2106:
2101:
2093:
2088:
2080:
2075:
2067:
2062:
2054:
2049:
2041:
2039:
2031:
2026:
2018:
2013:
2005:
2000:
1992:
1987:
1978:
1977:
1972:
1963:
1962:
1957:
1944:
1934:
1925:
1907:
1888:
1863:
1838:
1813:
1788:
1763:
1758:Gyps coprothere
1724:Griffon vulture
1718:Gyps rueppellii
1668:
1643:
1634:Bearded vulture
1618:
1589:
1559:
1534:
1509:
1484:
1459:
1410:
1395:
1369:
1364:
1323:Cape vulture -
1315:
1305:
1284:
1281:
1279:Further reading
1276:
1275:
1231:
1230:
1226:
1182:
1181:
1177:
1147:
1146:
1142:
1118:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1099:
1097:
1091:
1090:
1086:
1077:
1075:
1066:
1065:
1061:
1052:
1050:
1041:
1040:
1036:
1027:
1025:
1010:
1009:
1005:
970:
969:
965:
927:
926:
922:
892:
891:
887:
856:
855:
851:
837:
836:
829:
801:
800:
796:
789:
772:
771:
767:
762:
758:
745:
744:
740:
734:
714:
713:
709:
700:
696:
687:
683:
676:
663:
662:
658:
648:
646:
638:
637:
633:
619:
618:
614:
604:
602:
573:
572:
553:
548:
539:
515:hooded vultures
459:
434:
429:
373:
296:
260:southern Africa
248:Kolbe's vulture
210:
203:
197:
184:
147:Accipitriformes
92:
84:
73:
69:
62:
17:
16:Species of bird
12:
11:
5:
2286:
2284:
2276:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2240:
2239:
2233:
2232:
2230:
2229:
2216:
2203:
2190:
2177:
2164:
2151:
2138:
2125:
2112:
2099:
2086:
2073:
2060:
2047:
2037:
2024:
2011:
1998:
1985:
1970:
1954:
1952:
1946:
1945:
1940:
1931:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1923:
1918:
1912:
1909:
1908:
1906:Related topics
1905:
1898:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1886:
1875:
1873:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1861:
1850:
1848:
1840:
1839:
1837:
1836:
1825:
1823:
1815:
1814:
1812:
1811:
1800:
1798:
1790:
1789:
1787:
1786:
1779:Hooded vulture
1775:
1773:
1765:
1764:
1762:
1761:
1751:
1741:
1734:Indian vulture
1731:
1721:
1711:
1708:Gyps africanus
1701:
1691:
1680:
1678:
1670:
1669:
1667:
1666:
1655:
1653:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1641:
1630:
1628:
1620:
1619:
1617:
1616:
1605:
1603:
1591:
1590:
1576:
1569:
1568:
1565:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1558:
1557:
1554:Vultur gryphus
1546:
1544:
1536:
1535:
1533:
1532:
1521:
1519:
1511:
1510:
1508:
1507:
1496:
1494:
1486:
1485:
1483:
1482:
1471:
1469:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1457:
1447:
1437:
1434:Cathartes aura
1430:Turkey vulture
1426:
1424:
1412:
1411:
1404:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1393:
1387:
1381:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1365:
1363:
1362:
1355:
1348:
1340:
1334:
1333:
1328:
1321:
1314:
1313:External links
1311:
1310:
1309:
1303:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1224:
1195:(8): 913–922.
1175:
1140:
1106:
1084:
1059:
1034:
1003:
963:
944:(4): 913–922.
920:
885:
849:
827:
794:
787:
765:
756:
753:on 2008-10-16.
738:
732:
707:
694:
681:
674:
656:
640:"cape vulture"
631:
612:
550:
549:
547:
544:
538:
535:
458:
455:
433:
430:
428:
425:
372:
369:
343:, next to the
310:, South Africa
304:Giant's Castle
295:
292:
254:in the family
228:
227:
219:
218:
212:
211:
204:
193:
192:
186:
185:
178:
176:
172:
171:
164:
160:
159:
154:
150:
149:
144:
140:
139:
134:
130:
129:
124:
120:
119:
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
86:
85:
67:
64:
63:
58:
55:
54:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2285:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2245:
2243:
2226:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2038:
2034:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1990:
1986:
1981:
1975:
1971:
1966:
1960:
1956:
1955:
1953:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1938:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1910:
1903:
1899:
1884:
1880:
1877:
1876:
1874:
1872:
1871:
1866:
1859:
1855:
1852:
1851:
1849:
1847:
1846:
1841:
1834:
1830:
1827:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1821:
1816:
1809:
1805:
1802:
1801:
1799:
1797:
1796:
1791:
1784:
1780:
1777:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1771:
1766:
1759:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1735:
1732:
1729:
1725:
1722:
1719:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1695:
1692:
1689:
1685:
1682:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1676:
1671:
1664:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1651:
1646:
1639:
1635:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1626:
1621:
1614:
1610:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1602:
1601:
1596:
1592:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1574:
1570:
1555:
1551:
1550:Andean condor
1548:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1542:
1537:
1530:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1517:
1512:
1505:
1501:
1498:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1492:
1487:
1480:
1476:
1475:Black vulture
1473:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1467:
1462:
1455:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1423:
1422:
1417:
1413:
1408:
1405:Cathartidae (
1402:
1398:
1392:
1388:
1386:
1382:
1380:
1376:
1375:
1372:
1368:
1361:
1356:
1354:
1349:
1347:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1312:
1306:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1283:
1282:
1278:
1269:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1228:
1225:
1220:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1179:
1176:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1144:
1141:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1117:
1110:
1107:
1095:
1088:
1085:
1074:
1070:
1063:
1060:
1049:
1045:
1038:
1035:
1023:
1019:
1018:
1013:
1007:
1004:
999:
995:
990:
985:
981:
977:
973:
972:"Corrigendum"
967:
964:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
935:
933:
924:
921:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
889:
886:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
853:
850:
845:
841:
834:
832:
828:
823:
819:
815:
811:
810:
805:
798:
795:
790:
788:9780620207294
784:
780:
776:
769:
766:
760:
757:
752:
748:
742:
739:
735:
733:0-618-12762-3
729:
725:
721:
717:
711:
708:
704:
698:
695:
691:
685:
682:
677:
671:
667:
660:
657:
645:
641:
635:
632:
627:
623:
616:
613:
600:
595:
591:
587:
586:
581:
579:
570:
568:
566:
564:
562:
560:
558:
556:
552:
545:
543:
536:
534:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
503:
500:
499:
492:
490:
486:
478:
474:
470:
469:
463:
456:
454:
450:
447:
443:
439:
431:
426:
424:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
377:
370:
368:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
324:
316:
309:
305:
300:
293:
291:
289:
285:
284:IUCN Red List
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
240:
235:
226:
225:
220:
217:
213:
208:
202:
200:
194:
191:
190:Binomial name
187:
183:
182:
177:
174:
173:
170:
169:
165:
162:
161:
158:
155:
152:
151:
148:
145:
142:
141:
138:
135:
132:
131:
128:
125:
122:
121:
118:
115:
112:
111:
108:
105:
102:
101:
96:
91:
87:
81:
76:
65:
61:
56:
53:
49:
45:
41:
36:
32:
27:
24:Cape vulture
22:
19:
1949:
1882:
1868:
1857:
1843:
1832:
1818:
1807:
1793:
1782:
1768:
1757:
1754:Cape vulture
1753:
1747:
1738:Gyps indicus
1737:
1727:
1717:
1707:
1697:
1687:
1673:
1662:
1648:
1637:
1623:
1612:
1598:
1553:
1539:
1528:
1514:
1503:
1500:King vulture
1491:Sarcoramphus
1489:
1478:
1464:
1453:
1443:
1433:
1419:
1331:Cape Griffon
1286:
1241:
1237:
1227:
1192:
1188:
1178:
1153:
1149:
1143:
1126:
1122:
1109:
1098:. Retrieved
1087:
1076:. Retrieved
1062:
1051:. Retrieved
1037:
1026:. Retrieved
1024:. 2019-06-21
1015:
1006:
979:
975:
966:
941:
937:
931:
923:
898:
894:
888:
863:
859:
852:
839:
816:(1): 26–37.
813:
807:
803:
797:
778:
774:
768:
759:
751:the original
741:
719:
710:
702:
697:
689:
684:
665:
659:
649:20 September
647:. Retrieved
643:
634:
625:
615:
603:. Retrieved
589:
583:
577:
540:
523:tawny eagles
504:
496:
493:
482:
477:South Africa
466:
451:
442:Eastern Cape
435:
389:South Africa
382:
367:on average.
353:kori bustard
325:
321:
264:South Africa
256:Accipitridae
247:
244:Cape griffon
243:
238:
237:
234:Cape vulture
233:
231:
223:
222:
198:
196:
180:
179:
167:
157:Accipitridae
52:South Africa
18:
2116:iNaturalist
1974:Wikispecies
1870:Trigonoceps
1770:Necrosyrtes
1728:Gyps fulvus
1073:Smithsonian
605:10 December
446:home ranges
308:Drakensberg
294:Description
224:Gyps kolbii
2242:Categories
2220:Xeno-canto
1916:Diclofenac
1650:Gypohierax
1578:Aegypiinae
1100:2019-06-28
1078:2019-06-28
1053:2019-06-28
1028:2019-06-28
546:References
498:Diclofenac
489:Vulnerable
485:Threatened
385:Mozambique
288:Vulnerable
280:Endangered
75:Vulnerable
1820:Sarcogyps
1516:Gymnogyps
1421:Cathartes
1377:Kingdom:
1291:Cape Town
1170:216215669
1129:: 16–25.
1096:. Afrik21
998:220338758
901:: 79–82.
880:213520327
866:: 25–34.
527:elephants
391:, but is
175:Species:
113:Kingdom:
107:Eukaryota
2207:Species+
2160:22695225
2134:11193226
2033:22695225
2028:BirdLife
1959:Wikidata
1795:Neophron
1625:Gypaetus
1600:Aegypius
1466:Coragyps
1385:Chordata
1383:Phylum:
1379:Animalia
1367:Vultures
1268:35079963
1219:30484066
1156:: 1–12.
958:46954846
915:90660388
844:Windhoek
531:poachers
432:Breeding
417:Eswatini
413:Zimbabwe
359:and the
333:thermals
272:Botswana
250:, is an
216:Synonyms
153:Family:
127:Chordata
123:Phylum:
117:Animalia
103:Domain:
80:IUCN 3.1
2108:2480386
2082:capgri1
2043:capgri1
2015:Avibase
1965:Q826525
1582:Gypinae
1389:Class:
1259:9110623
1210:6541661
1150:Ostrich
976:Ostrich
895:Ostrich
860:Ostrich
421:carrion
409:Namibia
395:in the
393:vagrant
337:raptors
282:on the
276:Namibia
268:Lesotho
209:, 1798)
207:Forster
163:Genus:
143:Order:
133:Class:
78: (
48:Gauteng
2199:263136
2147:175486
2095:912805
2002:ARKive
1845:Torgos
1541:Vultur
1301:
1295:Struik
1266:
1256:
1217:
1207:
1168:
996:
956:
913:
878:
785:
730:
672:
405:Angola
401:Zambia
341:Africa
2186:73163
2129:IRMNG
2077:eBird
2056:3HXNB
2040:BOW:
1238:Ambio
1189:Ambio
1166:S2CID
1119:(PDF)
994:S2CID
954:S2CID
911:S2CID
876:S2CID
517:, 14
513:, 28
509:, 17
438:cliff
2253:Gyps
2212:6797
2173:8966
2168:NCBI
2155:IUCN
2142:ITIS
2121:5365
2103:GBIF
1675:Gyps
1580:and
1391:Aves
1299:ISBN
1264:PMID
1215:PMID
1022:NDTV
809:Ibis
783:ISBN
728:ISBN
670:ISBN
651:2022
607:2021
590:2021
415:and
399:and
387:and
351:and
246:and
232:The
168:Gyps
137:Aves
2090:EoL
2064:CMS
2051:CoL
1989:ADW
1254:PMC
1246:doi
1205:PMC
1197:doi
1158:doi
1131:doi
1127:210
1048:CNN
984:doi
946:doi
942:159
903:doi
868:doi
818:doi
814:159
806:".
594:doi
475:in
379:Egg
339:in
302:At
42:in
2244::
2222::
2209::
2196::
2183::
2170::
2157::
2144::
2131::
2118::
2105::
2092::
2079::
2066::
2053::
2030::
2017::
2004::
1991::
1976::
1961::
1297:.
1293::
1289:.
1262:.
1252:.
1242:51
1240:.
1236:.
1213:.
1203:.
1193:48
1191:.
1187:.
1164:.
1154:91
1152:.
1125:.
1121:.
1071:.
1046:.
1020:.
1014:.
992:.
980:88
978:.
974:.
952:.
940:.
936:.
934:)"
909:.
899:88
897:.
874:.
864:91
862:.
842:.
830:^
812:.
726:,
722:,
642:.
624:.
588:.
582:.
554:^
491:.
411:,
407:,
270:,
266:,
50:,
46:,
1885:)
1881:(
1860:)
1856:(
1835:)
1831:(
1810:)
1806:(
1785:)
1781:(
1760:)
1756:(
1750:)
1746:(
1740:)
1736:(
1730:)
1726:(
1720:)
1716:(
1710:)
1706:(
1700:)
1696:(
1690:)
1686:(
1665:)
1661:(
1640:)
1636:(
1615:)
1611:(
1588:)
1584:(
1556:)
1552:(
1531:)
1527:(
1506:)
1502:(
1481:)
1477:(
1456:)
1452:(
1446:)
1442:(
1436:)
1432:(
1409:)
1359:e
1352:t
1345:v
1327:.
1307:.
1270:.
1248::
1221:.
1199::
1172:.
1160::
1137:.
1133::
1103:.
1081:.
1056:.
1031:.
1000:.
986::
960:.
948::
917:.
905::
882:.
870::
824:.
820::
791:.
678:.
653:.
609:.
596::
580:"
576:"
479:)
471:(
236:(
205:(
82:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
