4652:
120:
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3149:
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609:
591:
1400:
1266:
3960:
1429:
6219:
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6205:
3953:
6212:
3155:
4659:
1082:
147:
3967:
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5458:
918:
5446:
1043:
5465:
6774:
1348:
947:
741:
6199:
5453:
1611:
6871:
879:
found in all other abelisaurids being: "a very broad coracoid (coracoid maximum width three times the distance across the scapular glenoid area), a humerus with a large and hemispherical head, an extremely short ulna and radius (ulna to humerus ratio 1:3 or less), and frontal prominences (swells or horns) that are located laterally on the skull roof."
1370:
565:. The group was first proposed in an analysis conducted by Juan Canale and colleagues in 2008. They found that all South American abelisaurids described up to that point grouped together as a sub-clade of Abelisauridae, which they named based on the relatively unusual shape of their skulls (in comparison with other theropods). They defined the
891:, Federico Gianechini and colleagues performed a phylogenetic analysis to test the affinities of the new taxon. The simplified strict consensus tree of the analysis is shown below. Similar results have been recovered by other analyses including Coria and colleagues (2002), Canale and colleagues (2008), and Cerroni and colleagues (2020).
878:
of the clade, with two ambiguous ones: "the presence of hyposphene–hypantrum articulations in the proximal and middle sections of the caudal series, and cranial processes in the epipophyses of the cervical vertebrae." They defined more ambiguous synapomorphies due to the homologous materials not yet
731:
muscle, the primary locomotory muscle in theropods which was located in the tail and pulled the femur backwards. This enlarged caudofemoralis, giving them a speed estimate of 48–56 km/h (30–35 mph), allowed brachyrostrans to be one of the fastest-running large theropod groups yet known.
626:
Brachyrostrans were relatively lightly built compared to other large theropods, ranging in size from 6.1–7.8 m (20–26 ft) and 1400–2000 kg (1.6–2.3 short tons) in weight. They are considered the most derived abelisaurids, with traits like very short, narrow skulls and extremely reduced
2380:
Gianechini, Federico A.; Méndez, Ariel H.; Filippi, Leonardo S.; Paulina-Carabajal, Ariana; Juárez-Valieri, Rubén D.; Garrido, Alberto C. (2021). "A New
Furileusaurian Abelisaurid from La Invernada (Upper Cretaceous, Santonian, Bajo De La Carpa Formation), Northern Patagonia, Argentina".
752:("stiff back lizards"). They represent some of the larger brachyrostrans, with an average length of 7.1 ± 2.1 m (23.3 ± 6.9 ft). The taxon is a stem-based clade and is defined as the most inclusive clade containing
2416:
Cerroni, M.A.; Motta, M.J.; Agnolín, F.L.; Aranciaga
Rolando, A.M.; Brissón Egli, F.; Novas, F.E. (2020). "A new abelisaurid from the Huincul Formation (Cenomanian-Turonian; Upper Cretaceous) of Río Negro province, Argentina".
2509:
1589:
which also hails from France, may also represent a
European member of this clade. If it is truly a brachyrostran, it would represent the oldest member of the clade. The enigmatic taxon
2036:
Mazzetta, Gerardo V.; Cisilino, Adrián P.; Blanco, R. Ernesto; Calvo, Néstor (2009). "Cranial mechanics and functional interpretation of the horned carnivorous dinosaur
823:
that is distally expanded and projected anteriorly, a convex external margin of the transverse processes in anterior caudal vertebrae, and a downturned process on the
1804:
Mazzetta *, Gerardo V.; Christiansen †, Per; Fariña, Richard A. (June 2004). "Giants and
Bizarres: Body Size of Some Southern South American Cretaceous Dinosaurs".
2524:
783:
of
Furileusauria recovered by Filippi and colleagues include: the presence of a tip in the middle area of the posterior surface of the ventral process of the
819:, a crescent-shaped morphology of the distal tip of the transverse processes in anterior and middle caudal vertebrae, transverse processes of anterior
1869:
1695:
4651:
6926:
4644:
2276:
6766:
2492:
2611:
6931:
3973:
5439:
3959:
6204:
1634:
6892:
3148:
3952:
6218:
3154:
2277:"A new brachyrostran with hypertrophied axial structures reveals an unexpected radiation of latest Cretaceous abelisaurids"
6645:
5457:
4658:
2554:: A New Furileusaurian Abelisaurid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Cenomanian Chalk of Normandy (North-Western France)"
1660:: A New Furileusaurian Abelisaurid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Cenomanian Chalk of Normandy (North-Western France)"
119:
1546:
Brachyrostrans were initially known exclusively from South
America. Members of the group have been unearthed from the
146:
6211:
3966:
773:
766:
760:
6881:
2242:
6779:
1551:
663:
to assist in swallowing small prey items whole. Surprisingly, it exhibits a form of paracraniokinesis in which the
5464:
1953:
2699:
1243:
861:, their most recent common ancestor, and all of its descendants." The tribe Carnotaurini was named in 2002 by
5445:
2124:
2094:
1696:"New carnivorous dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of NW Patagonia and the evolution of abelisaurid theropods"
671:, further jointing the lower jaw and hypothetically allowing this animal a wider array of hunting strategies.
6773:
2333:
Grillo, Orlando Nelson; Delcourt, Rafael (2017-01-01). "Allometry and body length of abelisauroid theropods:
2604:
1904:
1629:
1265:
6799:
1821:
608:
6921:
6846:
5170:
5082:
1428:
6198:
1399:
6731:
4859:
4827:
2426:
2390:
2346:
2291:
2196:
2049:
1992:
1813:
1778:
1710:
1555:
2275:
Filippi, Leonardo S.; Méndez, Ariel H.; Juárez
Valieri, Rubén D.; Garrido, Alberto C. (2016-06-01).
1826:
627:
forearms, even more so than other abelisaurids. Many brachyrostrans had horns or rugosities on the
5183:
4970:
2464:[Abelisaurus comahuensis, n.g., n.sp., Carnosauria from the Late Cretaceous of Patagonia].
870:
857:
851:
754:
645:
129:
5452:
590:
6638:
5159:
5019:
4875:
4815:
4250:
4160:
4043:
2907:
2597:
2548:
Buffetaut, Eric; Tong, Haiyan; Girard, Jérôme; Hoyez, Bernard; Párraga, Javier (September 2024).
2442:
2075:
1957:
1896:
1847:
1744:
1547:
723:
to be a swift-running predator with semicursorial adaptations such as femoral resistance against
141:
6851:
6837:
1081:
6520:
6437:
6411:
6250:
6237:
6115:
5673:
5625:
4457:
3807:
2886:
2575:
2488:
2362:
2315:
2224:
2018:
1839:
1736:
1582:, was the first definitive evidence of the clade from outside South America. The Albian taxon
1559:
660:
544:
344:
6624:
6381:
6291:
6080:
6012:
5875:
5794:
5766:
5726:
5607:
5577:
5095:
4848:
4712:
4569:
4469:
4318:
4225:
4183:
3750:
3060:
2565:
2434:
2398:
2354:
2307:
2299:
2214:
2204:
2065:
2057:
2008:
2000:
1949:
1888:
1831:
1786:
1726:
1718:
1671:
1616:
1238:
835:
820:
816:
812:
784:
283:
917:
614:
3D reconstructions of the tail muscles, tail, and pelvic bones seen from the side and above
6687:
6425:
6388:
6320:
6175:
6168:
5996:
5938:
5911:
5901:
5861:
5696:
5555:
5539:
5357:
5329:
5307:
5194:
5039:
4746:
4520:
4403:
4381:
4302:
4131:
4108:
4101:
4079:
4065:
4058:
4019:
3870:
3717:
3644:
3633:
3569:
3457:
3344:
2921:
2830:
2684:
2659:
1765:
Grillo, O. N.; Delcourt, R. (2016). "Allometry and body length of abelisauroid theropods:
1568:
1563:
1325:
1126:
966:
668:
421:
354:
39:
2149:
Mazzetta, Gerardo V.; Farina, Richard A. (1999). "Estimacion de la capacidad atlética de
2430:
2394:
2350:
2295:
2200:
2053:
1996:
1981:"Ceratosaur palaeobiology: New insights on evolution and ecology of the southern rulers"
1817:
1782:
1714:
6652:
6615:
6596:
6558:
6547:
6344:
6057:
6023:
6005:
5985:
5882:
5596:
5341:
5203:
5030:
5012:
4840:
4807:
4793:
4754:
4528:
4389:
4346:
4339:
4261:
4237:
4190:
4149:
4086:
4072:
3800:
3785:
3612:
3446:
3310:
3278:
3267:
3244:
3206:
3067:
3037:
2961:
2900:
2799:
2219:
2180:
2013:
1980:
1874:
Bonaparte, the horned, lightly built carnosaur from the Middle
Cretaceous of Patagonia"
1260:
1042:
788:
780:
728:
724:
401:
334:
6915:
6694:
6540:
6501:
6480:
6359:
6352:
6279:
6073:
6046:
5920:
5837:
5815:
5808:
5801:
5744:
5661:
5524:
5496:
5483:
5407:
5284:
5124:
4958:
4889:
4775:
4762:
4507:
4485:
4478:
4442:
4415:
4367:
4291:
4027:
3818:
3792:
3708:
3689:
3682:
3619:
3598:
3577:
3562:
3548:
3507:
3473:
3466:
3385:
3237:
3124:
3117:
3044:
3014:
3003:
2893:
2864:
2857:
2783:
2462:"Abelisaurus comahuensis, n.g., n.sp., Carnosauria del Crétacico Tardio de Patagonia"
2461:
2446:
1961:
1929:
1900:
1174:
1076:
898:
862:
842:
824:
800:
675:
522:
323:
230:
77:
2079:
1851:
1748:
1347:
635:
bones, which have been interpreted as bearing cornified structures or dermal armor.
6666:
6604:
6574:
6494:
6487:
6465:
6457:
6337:
6329:
6309:
6032:
5951:
5889:
5780:
5751:
5703:
5532:
5517:
5292:
5224:
5152:
5131:
5110:
4926:
4882:
4690:
4677:
4607:
4560:
4435:
4325:
4277:
4270:
4207:
4176:
4169:
4050:
3877:
3626:
3528:
3521:
3416:
3400:
3336:
3287:
3219:
2996:
2879:
2872:
2843:
2806:
2775:
1965:
1342:
875:
846:
796:
740:
664:
628:
496:
2402:
2358:
2303:
1790:
649:, lead to debate over what type of prey these animals hunted. Studies by Mazzetta
2438:
2209:
1835:
6831:
6720:
6701:
6631:
6581:
6567:
6509:
6450:
6395:
6272:
6066:
5958:
5927:
5844:
5830:
5562:
5510:
5378:
5300:
5263:
5145:
5117:
5070:
4990:
4868:
4725:
4576:
4549:
4449:
4396:
4332:
4311:
4284:
4035:
3848:
3841:
3827:
3653:
3500:
3491:
3393:
3364:
3294:
3259:
3252:
3052:
3030:
3023:
2982:
2974:
2950:
2935:
2914:
2822:
2814:
2510:"On a theropod dinosaur (Abelisauria) from the continental Cretaceous of Brazil"
1578:
1573:
1445:
1394:
1004:
883:
808:
719:
711:
684:
had the exact same skull adaptations (short snout, small teeth, and a fortified
680:
659:
was built for swift, rather than strong, bites, with adaptations for mandibular
655:
557:
533:
527:
476:
456:
380:
52:
6822:
2004:
946:
6659:
6588:
6533:
6154:
5969:
5787:
5773:
5758:
5710:
5644:
5570:
5392:
5385:
5371:
5277:
5210:
5138:
5102:
5055:
4997:
4983:
4950:
4942:
4935:
4916:
4739:
4704:
4492:
4093:
3884:
3834:
3771:
3742:
3697:
3675:
3668:
3660:
3584:
3480:
3439:
3432:
3424:
3408:
3328:
3199:
3075:
2928:
2791:
2650:
1722:
1606:
1596:
1591:
1584:
1423:
1364:
1214:
1157:
1059:
1037:
987:
841:. This group is a node-based clade and was first proposed by paleontologists
694:
632:
539:
466:
431:
390:
313:
272:
204:
97:
62:
2579:
2366:
2319:
1843:
17:
6680:
6673:
6373:
6366:
6039:
5978:
5632:
5350:
4896:
4800:
4535:
4120:
4005:
3992:
3919:
3855:
3778:
3757:
3514:
3377:
3185:
3172:
3090:
2942:
2761:
2748:
2711:
2620:
2125:"Brontosaur killers: Late Jurassic allosaurids as sabre-tooth cat analogues"
1308:
887:
548:
411:
293:
217:
158:
102:
46:
6870:
2570:
2549:
2228:
2022:
1740:
1676:
1655:
678:
and
Francois Therrien and colleagues contested this finding, stating that
6816:
6264:
5689:
5682:
5654:
5547:
5047:
4428:
3764:
3591:
3352:
2989:
2668:
2644:
2247:
2061:
1624:
912:
792:
689:
600:, showing the enlarged caudofemoralis muscle and the V-shaped caudal ribs
518:
515:
303:
191:
178:
92:
87:
72:
67:
57:
2311:
748:
Within
Brachyrostra, there is a slightly more restrictive clade, called
5822:
5584:
5314:
5217:
4542:
3863:
2070:
1731:
1369:
685:
486:
107:
82:
2093:
Mazzetta, Gerardo V.; Fariña, Richard A.; Vizcaíno, Sergio F. (1998).
1938:
1985 (Theropoda: Abelisauridae) from the Late Cretaceous of Patagonia"
1694:
Canale, J. I.; Scanferla, C. A.; Agnolin, F. L.; Novas, F. E. (2008).
698:, which presumably preyed upon large animals by gradual jaw slashing.
6473:
6161:
3605:
2638:
1892:
940:
804:
787:, the presence of a knob followed by a deep notch in the postorbital-
562:
552:
168:
134:
6793:
2159:
XIV Jornadas Argentinas de Paleontologia de Vertebrados, Ameghiniana
1654:
Buffetaut, E.; Tong, H.; Girard, J.; Hoyez, B.; Párraga, J. (2024).
5321:
5062:
5004:
2185:
and implications for the evolution of South American abelisaurids"
1868:
Bonaparte, José F.; Novas, Fernando E.; Coria, Rodolfo A. (1990).
1599:
may also belong to Brachyrostra, although this remains uncertain.
849:, and Lowell Dingus in 2002, being defined as a clade containing "
828:
739:
566:
6737:
5364:
6797:
6235:
5481:
4675:
3990:
3170:
2746:
2631:
2593:
2179:
Persons, W.S.; Currie, P.J. (2011). Farke, Andrew Allen (ed.).
6864:
569:
Brachyrostra as "all the abelisaurids more closely related to
643:
Studies of the skull anatomy of the most well-known species,
2589:
2095:"On the palaeobiology of the South American horned theropod
1928:
Coria, Rodolfo A.; Chiappe, Luis M.; Dingus, Lowell (2002).
1572:
is also known from the Cachoeira do Bom Jardim Formation in
1954:
10.1671/0272-4634(2002)022[0460:ANCROC]2.0.CO;2
653:
in 1998, 2004, and 2009 suggest that the jaw structure in
2487:. Edinburgh, Scotland: Dorling Kindersley. p. 320.
6888:
815:
which is level with the intervertebral articulation in
6895:
to it so that it can be listed with similar articles.
874:. Their morphological definition of it is by several
834:
A more restrictive clade within Furileusauria is the
744:
Size comparison of various genera within Brachyrostra
2174:
2172:
2157:
Bonaparte, 1985 (Saurischia, Sauropoda-Theropoda)".
492:
482:
472:
462:
452:
437:
427:
417:
407:
397:
386:
376:
361:
350:
340:
330:
319:
309:
299:
289:
279:
268:
6806:
6719:
6614:
6557:
6519:
6436:
6409:
6319:
6289:
6248:
6146:
6114:
6056:
6022:
5995:
5968:
5937:
5910:
5899:
5859:
5724:
5672:
5643:
5605:
5594:
5494:
5406:
5340:
5262:
5193:
5169:
5081:
5029:
4969:
4925:
4914:
4858:
4826:
4773:
4723:
4688:
4606:
4559:
4506:
4468:
4414:
4365:
4301:
4260:
4236:
4205:
4159:
4129:
4118:
4003:
3918:
3817:
3728:
3707:
3643:
3546:
3490:
3456:
3363:
3308:
3277:
3217:
3183:
3109:
3089:
3013:
2960:
2841:
2759:
2710:
2683:
2181:"Dinosaur Speed Demon: The caudal musculature of
1863:
1861:
1576:, Brazil. The description of the French taxon
514:(meaning "short snouts") is a clade within the
1562:, and possibly the Sir Fernandez field of the
2605:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1917:
8:
6794:
6525:
6442:
6417:
6301:
6297:
6256:
6245:
6232:
6143:
6111:
5943:
5907:
5867:
5736:
5732:
5617:
5613:
5602:
5502:
5491:
5478:
5269:
5259:
5175:
5087:
4975:
4922:
4832:
4785:
4781:
4731:
4696:
4685:
4672:
4603:
4512:
4420:
4373:
4242:
4217:
4213:
4141:
4137:
4126:
4011:
4000:
3987:
3915:
3734:
3725:
3554:
3369:
3320:
3316:
3229:
3225:
3191:
3180:
3167:
2966:
2849:
2767:
2756:
2743:
2689:
2680:
2628:
2612:
2598:
2590:
543:as well as their close relatives from the
118:
31:
2569:
2517:Arquivos do Museu Nacional Rio de Janeiro
2218:
2208:
2069:
2012:
1825:
1730:
1689:
1687:
1675:
1566:to the southeast. A single named taxon,
2419:Journal of South American Earth Sciences
2243:"Predatory dinosaur was fearsomely fast"
1646:
2508:Kellner, A.W.A.; Campos, D.A. (2002).
1760:
1758:
2270:
2268:
2266:
803:bones, an anterior projection of the
7:
2472:: 259–265 – via ResearchGate.
2460:Bonaparte, J.; Novas, E.E. (1985).
1415:
1386:
1300:
1230:
1206:
1199:
1149:
1142:
1118:
1029:
979:
972:
962:
933:
904:
894:
6880:needs additional or more specific
2383:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
2042:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
1942:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
596:Cross section through the tail of
25:
868:in 2002 after their discovery of
525:. It includes the famous genera
6869:
6778:
6772:
6765:
6217:
6210:
6203:
6197:
5463:
5456:
5451:
5444:
5438:
4657:
4650:
4643:
3972:
3965:
3958:
3951:
3153:
3147:
1609:
1427:
1398:
1368:
1346:
1264:
1242:
1080:
1041:
945:
916:
607:
589:
145:
1635:Timeline of ceratosaur research
1:
6927:Fossil taxa described in 2008
2403:10.1080/02724634.2020.1877151
2359:10.1016/j.cretres.2016.09.001
2304:10.1016/j.cretres.2015.12.018
2153:Salgado y Bonaparte, 1991, y
1791:10.1016/j.cretres.2016.09.001
27:Extinct subfamily of reptiles
2523:(3): 163–170. Archived from
2439:10.1016/j.jsames.2019.102445
2210:10.1371/journal.pone.0025763
1836:10.1080/08912960410001715132
882:In their description of the
811:, a posterior margin of the
2483:Benton, Michael J. (2012).
774:Majungasaurus crenatissimus
767:Skorpiovenator bustingorryi
761:Ilokelesia aguadagrandensis
674:However, in 1998 and 2009,
575:Majungasaurus crenatissimus
6948:
2123:Bakker, Robert T. (1998).
2005:10.1038/s41598-018-28154-x
1552:Bajo de la Carpa Formation
133:skeleton, Chlupáč Museum,
6762:
6528:
6445:
6420:
6304:
6300:
6259:
6244:
6231:
6195:
6142:
6110:
5946:
5870:
5739:
5735:
5620:
5616:
5505:
5490:
5477:
5436:
5272:
5258:
5178:
5090:
4978:
4835:
4788:
4784:
4734:
4699:
4684:
4671:
4640:
4602:
4515:
4423:
4376:
4245:
4220:
4216:
4144:
4140:
4014:
3999:
3986:
3948:
3914:
3737:
3557:
3372:
3323:
3319:
3232:
3228:
3194:
3179:
3166:
3144:
2969:
2852:
2770:
2755:
2742:
2692:
2679:
2627:
1979:Delcourt, Rafael (2018).
1930:"A new close relative of
1723:10.1007/s00114-008-0487-4
1442:
1420:
1413:
1391:
1384:
1361:
1339:
1322:
1305:
1298:
1257:
1235:
1228:
1211:
1204:
1197:
1171:
1154:
1147:
1140:
1123:
1116:
1073:
1056:
1034:
1027:
1001:
984:
977:
970:
960:
938:
931:
909:
902:
265:
260:
142:Scientific classification
140:
126:
117:
34:
6932:Dinosaur unranked clades
1881:Contributions in Science
791:contact, the absence of
667:articulates against the
1630:Theropod paleopathology
1542:Geographic distribution
2571:10.3390/fossils2030009
2335:Pycnonemosaurus nevesi
1767:Pycnonemosaurus nevesi
1677:10.3390/fossils2030009
745:
6847:Paleobiology Database
5171:Carcharodontosaurinae
5083:Carcharodontosauridae
743:
6147:Dubious coelurosaurs
4860:Metriacanthosaurinae
4828:Metriacanthosauridae
3110:Dubious neotheropods
2552:Caletodraco cottardi
2062:10.1671/039.029.0313
1658:Caletodraco cottardi
1556:Candeleros Formation
807:end of the cervical
727:and a hypertrophied
5184:Carcharodontosaurus
4971:Carcharodontosauria
2431:2020JSAES..9802445C
2395:2020JVPal..40E7151G
2351:2017CrRes..69...71G
2339:Cretaceous Research
2296:2016CrRes..61..209F
2284:Cretaceous Research
2201:2011PLoSO...625763P
2183:Carnotaurus sastrei
2155:Carnotaurus sastrei
2151:Amargasaurus cazaui
2097:Carnotaurus sastrei
2054:2009JVPal..29..822M
2038:Carnotaurus sastrei
1997:2018NatSR...8.9730D
1872:Carnotaurus sastrei
1818:2004HBio...16...71M
1783:2017CrRes..69...71G
1771:Cretaceous Research
1715:2009NW.....96..409C
1703:Naturwissenschaften
871:Aucasaurus garridoi
858:Aucasaurus garridoi
852:Carnotaurus sastrei
755:Carnotaurus sastrei
646:Carnotaurus sastrei
571:Carnotaurus sastrei
130:Carnotaurus sastrei
6639:Archaeornithomimus
5160:Veterupristisaurus
5020:Veterupristisaurus
4876:Metriacanthosaurus
4816:Piatnitzkysauridae
4251:Eustreptospondylus
4161:Piatnitzkysauridae
4044:Chuandongocoelurus
2908:Notatesseraeraptor
2337:is the new king".
2251:. October 21, 2011
1985:Scientific Reports
1806:Historical Biology
1769:is the new king".
1548:Anacleto Formation
746:
127:Mounted cast of a
6910:
6909:
6893:adding categories
6862:
6861:
6800:Taxon identifiers
6791:
6790:
6787:
6786:
6760:
6759:
6756:
6755:
6752:
6751:
6748:
6747:
6715:
6714:
6711:
6710:
6521:Macrocheiriformes
6438:Ornithomimosauria
6412:Maniraptoriformes
6405:
6404:
6251:Maniraptoromorpha
6238:Maniraptoromorpha
6227:
6226:
6193:
6192:
6189:
6188:
6185:
6184:
6138:
6137:
6134:
6133:
6116:Maniraptoromorpha
6106:
6105:
6102:
6101:
6098:
6097:
6094:
6093:
6090:
6089:
5855:
5854:
5720:
5719:
5674:Proceratosauridae
5626:Chingkankousaurus
5473:
5472:
5434:
5433:
5430:
5429:
5426:
5425:
5402:
5401:
5254:
5253:
5250:
5249:
5246:
5245:
5242:
5241:
5238:
5237:
5234:
5233:
4910:
4909:
4906:
4905:
4667:
4666:
4638:
4637:
4634:
4633:
4630:
4629:
4626:
4625:
4598:
4597:
4594:
4593:
4590:
4589:
4586:
4585:
4502:
4501:
4458:Vallibonavenatrix
4361:
4360:
4357:
4356:
4201:
4200:
3982:
3981:
3946:
3945:
3942:
3941:
3938:
3937:
3910:
3909:
3906:
3905:
3902:
3901:
3898:
3897:
3894:
3893:
3542:
3541:
3538:
3537:
3304:
3303:
3162:
3161:
3142:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3134:
3133:
3085:
3084:
2738:
2737:
2734:
2733:
2730:
2729:
2494:978-0-7566-9910-9
1910:on July 21, 2010.
1560:Huincul Formation
1538:
1537:
1529:
1528:
1520:
1519:
1511:
1510:
1502:
1501:
1493:
1492:
1484:
1483:
1475:
1474:
1466:
1465:
1457:
1456:
1286:
1285:
1277:
1276:
1186:
1185:
1102:
1101:
1093:
1092:
1016:
1015:
545:Cretaceous Period
509:
508:
449:
373:
256:
16:(Redirected from
6939:
6905:
6902:
6896:
6873:
6865:
6855:
6854:
6842:
6841:
6840:
6827:
6826:
6825:
6795:
6782:
6776:
6769:
6625:Aepyornithomimus
6526:
6443:
6418:
6382:Sinocalliopteryx
6302:
6298:
6292:Neocoelurosauria
6257:
6246:
6233:
6221:
6214:
6207:
6201:
6144:
6112:
6081:Zhuchengtyrannus
6013:Thanatotheristes
5944:
5908:
5876:Appalachiosaurus
5868:
5737:
5733:
5727:Pantyrannosauria
5618:
5614:
5608:Tyrannosauroidea
5603:
5578:Xinjiangovenator
5503:
5492:
5479:
5467:
5460:
5455:
5448:
5442:
5270:
5260:
5176:
5096:Acrocanthosaurus
5088:
4976:
4923:
4849:Yangchuanosaurus
4833:
4786:
4782:
4732:
4713:Lourinhanosaurus
4697:
4686:
4673:
4661:
4654:
4647:
4604:
4570:Sigilmassasaurus
4513:
4470:Ceratosuchopsini
4421:
4374:
4319:Dubreuillosaurus
4243:
4226:Streptospondylus
4218:
4214:
4184:Piatnitzkysaurus
4142:
4138:
4127:
4012:
4001:
3988:
3976:
3969:
3962:
3955:
3916:
3751:Ekrixinatosaurus
3735:
3726:
3555:
3370:
3321:
3317:
3230:
3226:
3192:
3181:
3168:
3157:
3151:
3061:Procompsognathus
2967:
2850:
2768:
2757:
2744:
2690:
2681:
2674:
2673:
2629:
2614:
2607:
2600:
2591:
2584:
2583:
2573:
2545:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2535:
2529:
2514:
2505:
2499:
2498:
2485:Prehistoric Life
2480:
2474:
2473:
2457:
2451:
2450:
2413:
2407:
2406:
2377:
2371:
2370:
2330:
2324:
2323:
2281:
2272:
2261:
2260:
2258:
2256:
2239:
2233:
2232:
2222:
2212:
2176:
2167:
2166:
2146:
2140:
2139:
2129:
2120:
2114:
2113:
2103:
2090:
2084:
2083:
2073:
2033:
2027:
2026:
2016:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1925:
1912:
1911:
1909:
1903:. Archived from
1893:10.5962/p.226819
1878:
1865:
1856:
1855:
1829:
1801:
1795:
1794:
1762:
1753:
1752:
1734:
1700:
1691:
1682:
1681:
1679:
1651:
1619:
1617:Dinosaurs portal
1614:
1613:
1612:
1431:
1416:
1402:
1387:
1372:
1350:
1301:
1268:
1246:
1239:Ekrixinatosaurus
1231:
1207:
1200:
1150:
1143:
1119:
1084:
1045:
1030:
980:
973:
963:
949:
934:
920:
905:
895:
821:caudal vertebrae
817:dorsal vertebrae
813:postzygapophyses
639:Diet and feeding
611:
593:
494:
484:
474:
464:
454:
443:
439:
429:
419:
409:
399:
388:
378:
367:
363:
352:
342:
332:
321:
311:
301:
291:
284:Ekrixinatosaurus
281:
270:
250:
245:
229:
150:
149:
122:
112:
49:
38:Temporal range:
32:
21:
6947:
6946:
6942:
6941:
6940:
6938:
6937:
6936:
6912:
6911:
6906:
6900:
6897:
6886:
6874:
6863:
6858:
6850:
6845:
6836:
6835:
6830:
6821:
6820:
6815:
6802:
6792:
6783:
6770:
6744:
6707:
6688:Sinornithomimus
6610:
6553:
6515:
6432:
6426:Compsognathidae
6414:
6401:
6389:Sinosauropteryx
6321:Compsognathidae
6315:
6294:
6285:
6253:
6240:
6223:
6222:
6208:
6181:
6176:Shanyangosaurus
6169:Phaedrolosaurus
6130:
6086:
6052:
6018:
5997:Daspletosaurini
5991:
5964:
5939:Tyrannosaurinae
5933:
5912:Albertosaurinae
5904:
5902:Tyrannosauridae
5895:
5864:
5862:Eutyrannosauria
5851:
5729:
5716:
5697:Proceratosaurus
5668:
5639:
5610:
5599:
5590:
5556:Richardoestesia
5540:Chilantaisaurus
5499:
5486:
5469:
5468:
5449:
5422:
5398:
5358:Australovenator
5336:
5330:Chilantaisaurus
5308:Phuwiangvenator
5230:
5195:Giganotosaurini
5189:
5165:
5077:
5040:Chilantaisaurus
5025:
4965:
4919:
4902:
4854:
4822:
4778:
4769:
4747:Monolophosaurus
4728:
4719:
4693:
4680:
4663:
4662:
4648:
4622:
4582:
4555:
4521:Camarillasaurus
4498:
4464:
4410:
4404:Ostafrikasaurus
4382:Camarillasaurus
4370:
4353:
4303:Afrovenatorinae
4297:
4256:
4232:
4210:
4197:
4155:
4134:
4132:Megalosauroidea
4123:
4114:
4109:Vectaerovenator
4102:Szechuanosaurus
4080:Monolophosaurus
4066:Kaijiangosaurus
4059:Cryolophosaurus
4020:Calamospondylus
4008:
3995:
3978:
3977:
3970:
3963:
3956:
3934:
3890:
3871:Pycnonemosaurus
3813:
3724:
3718:Majungasaurinae
3703:
3645:Majungasaurinae
3639:
3634:Xenotarsosaurus
3570:Dryptosauroides
3551:
3534:
3486:
3458:Elaphrosaurinae
3452:
3359:
3345:Ornithomimoides
3313:
3300:
3273:
3222:
3213:
3188:
3175:
3158:
3152:
3130:
3105:
3081:
3009:
2956:
2922:Shuangbaisaurus
2846:
2837:
2764:
2751:
2726:
2706:
2700:Avemetatarsalia
2685:Avemetatarsalia
2675:
2660:Avemetatarsalia
2634:
2633:
2623:
2618:
2588:
2587:
2547:
2546:
2542:
2533:
2531:
2527:
2512:
2507:
2506:
2502:
2495:
2482:
2481:
2477:
2459:
2458:
2454:
2415:
2414:
2410:
2389:(6): e1877151.
2379:
2378:
2374:
2332:
2331:
2327:
2279:
2274:
2273:
2264:
2254:
2252:
2241:
2240:
2236:
2178:
2177:
2170:
2148:
2147:
2143:
2127:
2122:
2121:
2117:
2101:
2092:
2091:
2087:
2035:
2034:
2030:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1927:
1926:
1915:
1907:
1876:
1867:
1866:
1859:
1827:10.1.1.694.1650
1803:
1802:
1798:
1764:
1763:
1756:
1698:
1693:
1692:
1685:
1653:
1652:
1648:
1643:
1615:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1569:Pycnonemosaurus
1564:Allen Formation
1544:
1539:
1530:
1521:
1512:
1503:
1494:
1485:
1476:
1467:
1458:
1326:Pycnonemosaurus
1287:
1278:
1187:
1127:Xenotarsosaurus
1103:
1094:
1017:
967:Majungasaurinae
950:
738:
725:bending moments
704:
669:surangular bone
641:
624:
619:
618:
617:
616:
615:
612:
603:
602:
601:
594:
583:
422:Pycnonemosaurus
355:Xenotarsosaurus
249:
243:
227:
144:
113:
111:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
44:
43:
40:Late Cretaceous
36:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6945:
6943:
6935:
6934:
6929:
6924:
6914:
6913:
6908:
6907:
6877:
6875:
6868:
6860:
6859:
6857:
6856:
6843:
6828:
6812:
6810:
6804:
6803:
6798:
6789:
6788:
6785:
6784:
6764:
6763:
6761:
6758:
6757:
6754:
6753:
6750:
6749:
6746:
6745:
6743:
6742:
6741:
6740:
6734:
6725:
6723:
6717:
6716:
6713:
6712:
6709:
6708:
6706:
6705:
6698:
6691:
6684:
6677:
6670:
6663:
6656:
6653:Dromiceiomimus
6649:
6642:
6635:
6628:
6620:
6618:
6616:Ornithomimidae
6612:
6611:
6609:
6608:
6601:
6597:Paraxenisaurus
6593:
6585:
6578:
6571:
6563:
6561:
6559:Deinocheiridae
6555:
6554:
6552:
6551:
6548:Shenzhousaurus
6544:
6537:
6529:
6523:
6517:
6516:
6514:
6513:
6506:
6498:
6491:
6484:
6477:
6470:
6462:
6454:
6446:
6440:
6434:
6433:
6431:
6430:
6421:
6415:
6410:
6407:
6406:
6403:
6402:
6400:
6399:
6392:
6385:
6378:
6370:
6363:
6356:
6349:
6345:Beipiaognathus
6341:
6334:
6325:
6323:
6317:
6316:
6314:
6313:
6305:
6295:
6290:
6287:
6286:
6284:
6283:
6276:
6269:
6260:
6254:
6249:
6242:
6241:
6236:
6229:
6228:
6225:
6224:
6216:
6202:
6196:
6194:
6191:
6190:
6187:
6186:
6183:
6182:
6180:
6179:
6172:
6165:
6158:
6150:
6148:
6140:
6139:
6136:
6135:
6132:
6131:
6129:
6128:
6127:
6126:
6120:
6118:
6108:
6107:
6104:
6103:
6100:
6099:
6096:
6095:
6092:
6091:
6088:
6087:
6085:
6084:
6077:
6070:
6062:
6060:
6058:Tyrannosaurini
6054:
6053:
6051:
6050:
6043:
6036:
6028:
6026:
6024:Teratophoneini
6020:
6019:
6017:
6016:
6009:
6006:Daspletosaurus
6001:
5999:
5993:
5992:
5990:
5989:
5986:Qianzhousaurus
5982:
5974:
5972:
5966:
5965:
5963:
5962:
5955:
5947:
5941:
5935:
5934:
5932:
5931:
5924:
5916:
5914:
5905:
5900:
5897:
5896:
5894:
5893:
5886:
5883:Bistahieversor
5879:
5871:
5865:
5860:
5857:
5856:
5853:
5852:
5850:
5849:
5841:
5834:
5827:
5819:
5812:
5805:
5798:
5791:
5784:
5777:
5770:
5763:
5755:
5748:
5740:
5730:
5725:
5722:
5721:
5718:
5717:
5715:
5714:
5707:
5700:
5693:
5686:
5678:
5676:
5670:
5669:
5667:
5666:
5658:
5650:
5648:
5641:
5640:
5638:
5637:
5629:
5621:
5611:
5606:
5600:
5597:Tyrannoraptora
5595:
5592:
5591:
5589:
5588:
5581:
5574:
5567:
5559:
5552:
5544:
5536:
5529:
5521:
5514:
5506:
5500:
5495:
5488:
5487:
5482:
5475:
5474:
5471:
5470:
5462:
5443:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5431:
5428:
5427:
5424:
5423:
5421:
5420:
5419:
5418:
5412:
5410:
5404:
5403:
5400:
5399:
5397:
5396:
5389:
5382:
5375:
5368:
5361:
5354:
5346:
5344:
5342:Megaraptoridae
5338:
5337:
5335:
5334:
5326:
5318:
5311:
5304:
5297:
5289:
5281:
5273:
5267:
5256:
5255:
5252:
5251:
5248:
5247:
5244:
5243:
5240:
5239:
5236:
5235:
5232:
5231:
5229:
5228:
5221:
5214:
5207:
5204:Giganotosaurus
5199:
5197:
5191:
5190:
5188:
5187:
5179:
5173:
5167:
5166:
5164:
5163:
5156:
5149:
5142:
5135:
5128:
5121:
5114:
5107:
5099:
5091:
5085:
5079:
5078:
5076:
5075:
5067:
5059:
5052:
5044:
5035:
5033:
5031:Neovenatoridae
5027:
5026:
5024:
5023:
5016:
5013:Ulughbegsaurus
5009:
5001:
4994:
4987:
4979:
4973:
4967:
4966:
4964:
4963:
4955:
4947:
4939:
4931:
4929:
4920:
4915:
4912:
4911:
4908:
4907:
4904:
4903:
4901:
4900:
4893:
4886:
4879:
4872:
4864:
4862:
4856:
4855:
4853:
4852:
4845:
4841:Xuanhanosaurus
4836:
4830:
4824:
4823:
4821:
4820:
4812:
4808:Xuanhanosaurus
4804:
4797:
4794:Asfaltovenator
4789:
4779:
4774:
4771:
4770:
4768:
4767:
4759:
4755:Megalosauridae
4751:
4743:
4735:
4729:
4724:
4721:
4720:
4718:
4717:
4709:
4700:
4694:
4689:
4682:
4681:
4676:
4669:
4668:
4665:
4664:
4656:
4642:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4635:
4632:
4631:
4628:
4627:
4624:
4623:
4621:
4620:
4619:
4618:
4612:
4610:
4600:
4599:
4596:
4595:
4592:
4591:
4588:
4587:
4584:
4583:
4581:
4580:
4573:
4565:
4563:
4557:
4556:
4554:
4553:
4546:
4539:
4532:
4529:Ichthyovenator
4525:
4516:
4510:
4504:
4503:
4500:
4499:
4497:
4496:
4489:
4482:
4474:
4472:
4466:
4465:
4463:
4462:
4454:
4446:
4439:
4432:
4424:
4418:
4412:
4411:
4409:
4408:
4400:
4393:
4390:Cristatusaurus
4386:
4377:
4371:
4366:
4363:
4362:
4359:
4358:
4355:
4354:
4352:
4351:
4347:Poekilopleuron
4343:
4340:Piveteausaurus
4336:
4329:
4322:
4315:
4307:
4305:
4299:
4298:
4296:
4295:
4288:
4281:
4274:
4266:
4264:
4262:Megalosaurinae
4258:
4257:
4255:
4254:
4246:
4240:
4238:Megalosauridae
4234:
4233:
4231:
4230:
4221:
4211:
4206:
4203:
4202:
4199:
4198:
4196:
4195:
4191:Xuanhanosaurus
4187:
4180:
4173:
4165:
4163:
4157:
4156:
4154:
4153:
4150:Yunyangosaurus
4145:
4135:
4130:
4124:
4119:
4116:
4115:
4113:
4112:
4105:
4098:
4090:
4087:Pandoravenator
4083:
4076:
4073:Kayentavenator
4069:
4062:
4055:
4047:
4040:
4032:
4024:
4015:
4009:
4004:
3997:
3996:
3991:
3984:
3983:
3980:
3979:
3971:
3964:
3957:
3950:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3943:
3940:
3939:
3936:
3935:
3933:
3932:
3931:
3930:
3924:
3922:
3912:
3911:
3908:
3907:
3904:
3903:
3900:
3899:
3896:
3895:
3892:
3891:
3889:
3888:
3881:
3874:
3867:
3860:
3852:
3845:
3838:
3831:
3823:
3821:
3815:
3814:
3812:
3811:
3804:
3801:Skorpiovenator
3797:
3789:
3782:
3775:
3768:
3761:
3754:
3747:
3738:
3732:
3723:
3722:
3713:
3711:
3705:
3704:
3702:
3701:
3694:
3686:
3679:
3672:
3665:
3657:
3649:
3647:
3641:
3640:
3638:
3637:
3630:
3623:
3616:
3613:Spectrovenator
3609:
3602:
3595:
3588:
3581:
3574:
3566:
3558:
3552:
3547:
3544:
3543:
3540:
3539:
3536:
3535:
3533:
3532:
3525:
3518:
3511:
3504:
3496:
3494:
3488:
3487:
3485:
3484:
3477:
3470:
3462:
3460:
3454:
3453:
3451:
3450:
3447:Spinostropheus
3443:
3436:
3429:
3421:
3413:
3405:
3397:
3390:
3382:
3373:
3367:
3361:
3360:
3358:
3357:
3349:
3341:
3333:
3324:
3314:
3311:Abelisauroidea
3309:
3306:
3305:
3302:
3301:
3299:
3298:
3291:
3283:
3281:
3279:Ceratosauridae
3275:
3274:
3272:
3271:
3268:Saltriovenator
3264:
3256:
3249:
3245:Fosterovenator
3241:
3233:
3223:
3218:
3215:
3214:
3212:
3211:
3207:Lophostropheus
3203:
3195:
3189:
3184:
3177:
3176:
3171:
3164:
3163:
3160:
3159:
3146:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3139:
3136:
3135:
3132:
3131:
3129:
3128:
3121:
3113:
3111:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3103:
3102:
3101:
3095:
3093:
3087:
3086:
3083:
3082:
3080:
3079:
3072:
3068:Pterospondylus
3064:
3057:
3049:
3041:
3038:Lucianovenator
3034:
3027:
3019:
3017:
3011:
3010:
3008:
3007:
3000:
2993:
2986:
2979:
2970:
2964:
2962:Coelophysoidea
2958:
2957:
2955:
2954:
2947:
2939:
2932:
2925:
2918:
2911:
2904:
2901:Lophostropheus
2897:
2890:
2883:
2876:
2869:
2861:
2853:
2847:
2842:
2839:
2838:
2836:
2835:
2827:
2819:
2811:
2803:
2800:Erythrovenator
2796:
2788:
2780:
2771:
2765:
2760:
2753:
2752:
2747:
2740:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2732:
2731:
2728:
2727:
2725:
2724:
2723:
2722:
2716:
2714:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2704:
2703:
2702:
2693:
2687:
2677:
2676:
2672:
2671:
2662:
2653:
2647:
2641:
2632:
2625:
2624:
2619:
2617:
2616:
2609:
2602:
2594:
2586:
2585:
2564:(3): 177–195.
2558:Fossil Studies
2540:
2500:
2493:
2475:
2452:
2408:
2372:
2325:
2262:
2234:
2195:(10): e25763.
2168:
2161:(in Spanish).
2141:
2115:
2085:
2048:(3): 822–830.
2028:
1971:
1948:(2): 460–465.
1913:
1857:
1812:(2–4): 71–83.
1796:
1754:
1709:(3): 409–414.
1683:
1670:(3): 177–195.
1664:Fossil Studies
1645:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1638:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1621:
1620:
1604:
1601:
1543:
1540:
1536:
1535:
1532:
1531:
1527:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1518:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1509:
1508:
1505:
1504:
1500:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1491:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1482:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1473:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1464:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1455:
1454:
1451:
1450:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1419:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1405:
1404:
1390:
1385:
1383:
1379:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1360:
1357:
1356:
1353:
1352:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1331:
1330:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1304:
1299:
1297:
1296:Furileusauria
1293:
1292:
1289:
1288:
1284:
1283:
1280:
1279:
1275:
1274:
1271:
1270:
1261:Skorpiovenator
1256:
1253:
1252:
1249:
1248:
1234:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1210:
1205:
1203:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1184:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1153:
1148:
1146:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1122:
1117:
1115:
1109:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1091:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1033:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1014:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1000:
997:
996:
993:
992:
983:
978:
976:
971:
969:
961:
959:
956:
955:
952:
951:
944:
937:
932:
930:
927:
926:
923:
922:
908:
903:
901:
893:
876:synapomorphies
781:Synapomorphies
737:
734:
729:caudofemoralis
710:1998–1999 and
703:
700:
640:
637:
623:
620:
613:
606:
605:
604:
595:
588:
587:
586:
585:
584:
582:
579:
507:
506:
505:
504:
503:
502:
501:
500:
490:
480:
470:
460:
435:
425:
415:
405:
395:
384:
359:
348:
338:
335:Skorpiovenator
328:
317:
307:
297:
287:
277:
263:
262:
258:
257:
241:
234:
233:
225:
221:
220:
215:
208:
207:
202:
195:
194:
189:
182:
181:
176:
172:
171:
166:
162:
161:
156:
152:
151:
138:
137:
124:
123:
115:
114:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
50:
37:
35:Brachyrostrans
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6944:
6933:
6930:
6928:
6925:
6923:
6920:
6919:
6917:
6904:
6894:
6890:
6884:
6883:
6878:This article
6876:
6872:
6867:
6866:
6853:
6848:
6844:
6839:
6833:
6829:
6824:
6818:
6814:
6813:
6811:
6809:
6805:
6801:
6796:
6781:
6777:
6775:
6768:
6739:
6735:
6733:
6729:
6728:
6727:
6726:
6724:
6722:
6718:
6704:
6703:
6699:
6697:
6696:
6695:Struthiomimus
6692:
6690:
6689:
6685:
6683:
6682:
6678:
6676:
6675:
6671:
6669:
6668:
6664:
6662:
6661:
6657:
6655:
6654:
6650:
6648:
6647:
6646:"Coelosaurus"
6643:
6641:
6640:
6636:
6634:
6633:
6629:
6627:
6626:
6622:
6621:
6619:
6617:
6613:
6607:
6606:
6602:
6599:
6598:
6594:
6591:
6590:
6586:
6584:
6583:
6579:
6577:
6576:
6572:
6570:
6569:
6565:
6564:
6562:
6560:
6556:
6550:
6549:
6545:
6543:
6542:
6541:Pelecanimimus
6538:
6536:
6535:
6531:
6530:
6527:
6524:
6522:
6518:
6512:
6511:
6507:
6504:
6503:
6502:Thecocoelurus
6499:
6497:
6496:
6492:
6490:
6489:
6485:
6483:
6482:
6481:Kinnareemimus
6478:
6476:
6475:
6471:
6468:
6467:
6463:
6460:
6459:
6455:
6453:
6452:
6448:
6447:
6444:
6441:
6439:
6435:
6428:
6427:
6423:
6422:
6419:
6416:
6413:
6408:
6398:
6397:
6393:
6391:
6390:
6386:
6384:
6383:
6379:
6376:
6375:
6371:
6369:
6368:
6364:
6362:
6361:
6360:Huaxiagnathus
6357:
6355:
6354:
6353:Compsognathus
6350:
6347:
6346:
6342:
6340:
6339:
6335:
6332:
6331:
6327:
6326:
6324:
6322:
6318:
6312:
6311:
6307:
6306:
6303:
6299:
6296:
6293:
6288:
6282:
6281:
6280:Ornitholestes
6277:
6275:
6274:
6270:
6267:
6266:
6262:
6261:
6258:
6255:
6252:
6247:
6243:
6239:
6234:
6230:
6220:
6215:
6213:
6206:
6200:
6178:
6177:
6173:
6171:
6170:
6166:
6164:
6163:
6159:
6157:
6156:
6152:
6151:
6149:
6145:
6141:
6124:
6123:
6122:
6121:
6119:
6117:
6113:
6109:
6083:
6082:
6078:
6076:
6075:
6074:Tyrannosaurus
6071:
6069:
6068:
6064:
6063:
6061:
6059:
6055:
6049:
6048:
6047:Teratophoneus
6044:
6042:
6041:
6037:
6035:
6034:
6030:
6029:
6027:
6025:
6021:
6015:
6014:
6010:
6008:
6007:
6003:
6002:
6000:
5998:
5994:
5988:
5987:
5983:
5981:
5980:
5976:
5975:
5973:
5971:
5967:
5961:
5960:
5956:
5954:
5953:
5949:
5948:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5936:
5930:
5929:
5925:
5923:
5922:
5921:Albertosaurus
5918:
5917:
5915:
5913:
5909:
5906:
5903:
5898:
5892:
5891:
5887:
5885:
5884:
5880:
5878:
5877:
5873:
5872:
5869:
5866:
5863:
5858:
5847:
5846:
5842:
5840:
5839:
5838:Xiongguanlong
5835:
5833:
5832:
5828:
5825:
5824:
5820:
5818:
5817:
5816:Suskityrannus
5813:
5811:
5810:
5809:Stokesosaurus
5806:
5804:
5803:
5802:Santanaraptor
5799:
5797:
5796:
5792:
5790:
5789:
5785:
5783:
5782:
5778:
5776:
5775:
5771:
5769:
5768:
5764:
5761:
5760:
5756:
5754:
5753:
5749:
5747:
5746:
5745:Alectrosaurus
5742:
5741:
5738:
5734:
5731:
5728:
5723:
5713:
5712:
5708:
5706:
5705:
5701:
5699:
5698:
5694:
5692:
5691:
5687:
5685:
5684:
5680:
5679:
5677:
5675:
5671:
5664:
5663:
5662:Tanycolagreus
5659:
5657:
5656:
5652:
5651:
5649:
5646:
5642:
5635:
5634:
5630:
5628:
5627:
5623:
5622:
5619:
5615:
5612:
5609:
5604:
5601:
5598:
5593:
5587:
5586:
5582:
5580:
5579:
5575:
5573:
5572:
5568:
5565:
5564:
5560:
5558:
5557:
5553:
5550:
5549:
5545:
5542:
5541:
5537:
5535:
5534:
5530:
5527:
5526:
5525:Bahariasaurus
5522:
5520:
5519:
5515:
5513:
5512:
5508:
5507:
5504:
5501:
5498:
5497:Coelurosauria
5493:
5489:
5485:
5484:Coelurosauria
5480:
5476:
5466:
5461:
5459:
5454:
5447:
5441:
5416:
5415:
5414:
5413:
5411:
5409:
5408:Coelurosauria
5405:
5395:
5394:
5390:
5388:
5387:
5383:
5381:
5380:
5376:
5374:
5373:
5369:
5367:
5366:
5362:
5360:
5359:
5355:
5353:
5352:
5348:
5347:
5345:
5343:
5339:
5333:
5331:
5327:
5325:
5323:
5319:
5317:
5316:
5312:
5310:
5309:
5305:
5303:
5302:
5298:
5295:
5294:
5290:
5287:
5286:
5285:Bahariasaurus
5282:
5280:
5279:
5275:
5274:
5271:
5268:
5265:
5261:
5257:
5227:
5226:
5222:
5220:
5219:
5215:
5213:
5212:
5208:
5206:
5205:
5201:
5200:
5198:
5196:
5192:
5186:
5185:
5181:
5180:
5177:
5174:
5172:
5168:
5162:
5161:
5157:
5155:
5154:
5150:
5148:
5147:
5143:
5141:
5140:
5136:
5134:
5133:
5129:
5127:
5126:
5125:Kelmayisaurus
5122:
5120:
5119:
5115:
5113:
5112:
5108:
5105:
5104:
5100:
5098:
5097:
5093:
5092:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5080:
5073:
5072:
5068:
5065:
5064:
5060:
5058:
5057:
5053:
5050:
5049:
5045:
5042:
5041:
5037:
5036:
5034:
5032:
5028:
5022:
5021:
5017:
5015:
5014:
5010:
5007:
5006:
5002:
5000:
4999:
4995:
4993:
4992:
4988:
4986:
4985:
4981:
4980:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4968:
4961:
4960:
4959:Saurophaganax
4956:
4953:
4952:
4948:
4945:
4944:
4940:
4938:
4937:
4933:
4932:
4930:
4928:
4924:
4921:
4918:
4913:
4899:
4898:
4894:
4892:
4891:
4890:Siamotyrannus
4887:
4885:
4884:
4880:
4878:
4877:
4873:
4871:
4870:
4866:
4865:
4863:
4861:
4857:
4851:
4850:
4846:
4843:
4842:
4838:
4837:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4825:
4818:
4817:
4813:
4810:
4809:
4805:
4803:
4802:
4798:
4796:
4795:
4791:
4790:
4787:
4783:
4780:
4777:
4776:Allosauroidea
4772:
4765:
4764:
4763:Spinosauridae
4760:
4757:
4756:
4752:
4749:
4748:
4744:
4742:
4741:
4737:
4736:
4733:
4730:
4727:
4722:
4715:
4714:
4710:
4707:
4706:
4702:
4701:
4698:
4695:
4692:
4687:
4683:
4679:
4674:
4670:
4660:
4655:
4653:
4646:
4616:
4615:
4614:
4613:
4611:
4609:
4605:
4601:
4579:
4578:
4574:
4572:
4571:
4567:
4566:
4564:
4562:
4558:
4552:
4551:
4547:
4545:
4544:
4540:
4538:
4537:
4533:
4531:
4530:
4526:
4523:
4522:
4518:
4517:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4508:Spinosaurinae
4505:
4495:
4494:
4490:
4488:
4487:
4486:Riparovenator
4483:
4481:
4480:
4479:Ceratosuchops
4476:
4475:
4473:
4471:
4467:
4460:
4459:
4455:
4452:
4451:
4447:
4445:
4444:
4443:Riojavenatrix
4440:
4438:
4437:
4433:
4431:
4430:
4426:
4425:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4416:Baryonychinae
4413:
4406:
4405:
4401:
4399:
4398:
4394:
4392:
4391:
4387:
4384:
4383:
4379:
4378:
4375:
4372:
4369:
4368:Spinosauridae
4364:
4349:
4348:
4344:
4342:
4341:
4337:
4335:
4334:
4330:
4328:
4327:
4323:
4321:
4320:
4316:
4314:
4313:
4309:
4308:
4306:
4304:
4300:
4294:
4293:
4292:Wiehenvenator
4289:
4287:
4286:
4282:
4280:
4279:
4275:
4273:
4272:
4268:
4267:
4265:
4263:
4259:
4253:
4252:
4248:
4247:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4235:
4228:
4227:
4223:
4222:
4219:
4215:
4212:
4209:
4204:
4193:
4192:
4188:
4186:
4185:
4181:
4179:
4178:
4174:
4172:
4171:
4167:
4166:
4164:
4162:
4158:
4152:
4151:
4147:
4146:
4143:
4139:
4136:
4133:
4128:
4125:
4122:
4117:
4111:
4110:
4106:
4104:
4103:
4099:
4096:
4095:
4091:
4089:
4088:
4084:
4082:
4081:
4077:
4075:
4074:
4070:
4068:
4067:
4063:
4061:
4060:
4056:
4053:
4052:
4048:
4046:
4045:
4041:
4038:
4037:
4033:
4030:
4029:
4028:Chienkosaurus
4025:
4022:
4021:
4017:
4016:
4013:
4010:
4007:
4002:
3998:
3994:
3989:
3985:
3975:
3968:
3961:
3954:
3928:
3927:
3926:
3925:
3923:
3921:
3917:
3913:
3887:
3886:
3882:
3880:
3879:
3875:
3873:
3872:
3868:
3866:
3865:
3861:
3858:
3857:
3853:
3851:
3850:
3846:
3844:
3843:
3839:
3837:
3836:
3832:
3830:
3829:
3825:
3824:
3822:
3820:
3819:Furileusauria
3816:
3810:
3809:
3805:
3803:
3802:
3798:
3795:
3794:
3793:Rahiolisaurus
3790:
3788:
3787:
3783:
3781:
3780:
3776:
3774:
3773:
3769:
3767:
3766:
3762:
3760:
3759:
3755:
3753:
3752:
3748:
3745:
3744:
3740:
3739:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3727:
3720:
3719:
3715:
3714:
3712:
3710:
3709:Carnotaurinae
3706:
3700:
3699:
3695:
3692:
3691:
3690:Rahiolisaurus
3687:
3685:
3684:
3683:Majungasaurus
3680:
3678:
3677:
3673:
3671:
3670:
3666:
3663:
3662:
3658:
3656:
3655:
3651:
3650:
3648:
3646:
3642:
3636:
3635:
3631:
3629:
3628:
3624:
3622:
3621:
3620:Tarascosaurus
3617:
3615:
3614:
3610:
3608:
3607:
3603:
3601:
3600:
3596:
3594:
3593:
3589:
3587:
3586:
3582:
3580:
3579:
3578:Eoabelisaurus
3575:
3572:
3571:
3567:
3565:
3564:
3563:Chenanisaurus
3560:
3559:
3556:
3553:
3550:
3549:Abelisauridae
3545:
3531:
3530:
3526:
3524:
3523:
3519:
3517:
3516:
3512:
3510:
3509:
3508:Masiakasaurus
3505:
3503:
3502:
3498:
3497:
3495:
3493:
3489:
3483:
3482:
3478:
3476:
3475:
3474:Huinculsaurus
3471:
3469:
3468:
3467:Elaphrosaurus
3464:
3463:
3461:
3459:
3455:
3449:
3448:
3444:
3442:
3441:
3437:
3435:
3434:
3430:
3427:
3426:
3422:
3419:
3418:
3414:
3411:
3410:
3406:
3403:
3402:
3398:
3396:
3395:
3391:
3388:
3387:
3386:Austrocheirus
3383:
3380:
3379:
3375:
3374:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3362:
3355:
3354:
3350:
3347:
3346:
3342:
3339:
3338:
3334:
3331:
3330:
3326:
3325:
3322:
3318:
3315:
3312:
3307:
3297:
3296:
3292:
3290:
3289:
3285:
3284:
3282:
3280:
3276:
3270:
3269:
3265:
3262:
3261:
3257:
3255:
3254:
3250:
3247:
3246:
3242:
3240:
3239:
3238:Berberosaurus
3235:
3234:
3231:
3227:
3224:
3221:
3216:
3209:
3208:
3204:
3202:
3201:
3197:
3196:
3193:
3190:
3187:
3182:
3178:
3174:
3169:
3165:
3156:
3150:
3127:
3126:
3125:Halticosaurus
3122:
3120:
3119:
3118:Teinurosaurus
3115:
3114:
3112:
3108:
3099:
3098:
3097:
3096:
3094:
3092:
3088:
3078:
3077:
3073:
3070:
3069:
3065:
3063:
3062:
3058:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3047:
3046:
3045:Megapnosaurus
3042:
3040:
3039:
3035:
3033:
3032:
3028:
3026:
3025:
3021:
3020:
3018:
3016:
3015:Coelophysidae
3012:
3006:
3005:
3004:Powellvenator
3001:
2999:
2998:
2994:
2992:
2991:
2987:
2985:
2984:
2980:
2977:
2976:
2972:
2971:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2959:
2953:
2952:
2948:
2945:
2944:
2940:
2938:
2937:
2933:
2931:
2930:
2926:
2924:
2923:
2919:
2917:
2916:
2912:
2910:
2909:
2905:
2903:
2902:
2898:
2896:
2895:
2894:Liliensternus
2891:
2889:
2888:
2884:
2882:
2881:
2877:
2875:
2874:
2870:
2867:
2866:
2865:Dolichosuchus
2862:
2860:
2859:
2858:Dilophosaurus
2855:
2854:
2851:
2848:
2845:
2840:
2833:
2832:
2831:Herrerasauria
2828:
2825:
2824:
2820:
2817:
2816:
2812:
2809:
2808:
2804:
2802:
2801:
2797:
2794:
2793:
2789:
2786:
2785:
2784:Daemonosaurus
2781:
2778:
2777:
2773:
2772:
2769:
2766:
2763:
2758:
2754:
2750:
2745:
2741:
2720:
2719:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2713:
2709:
2701:
2697:
2696:
2695:
2694:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2682:
2678:
2670:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2648:
2646:
2642:
2640:
2636:
2635:
2630:
2626:
2622:
2615:
2610:
2608:
2603:
2601:
2596:
2595:
2592:
2581:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2553:
2544:
2541:
2530:on 2018-09-06
2526:
2522:
2518:
2511:
2504:
2501:
2496:
2490:
2486:
2479:
2476:
2471:
2467:
2463:
2456:
2453:
2448:
2444:
2440:
2436:
2432:
2428:
2424:
2420:
2412:
2409:
2404:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2388:
2384:
2376:
2373:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2329:
2326:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2297:
2293:
2289:
2285:
2278:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2263:
2250:
2249:
2244:
2238:
2235:
2230:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2184:
2175:
2173:
2169:
2165:(1): 105–106.
2164:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2145:
2142:
2137:
2133:
2126:
2119:
2116:
2111:
2107:
2100:
2098:
2089:
2086:
2081:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2032:
2029:
2024:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1975:
1972:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1937:
1933:
1924:
1922:
1920:
1918:
1914:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1875:
1873:
1864:
1862:
1858:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1800:
1797:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1761:
1759:
1755:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1697:
1690:
1688:
1684:
1678:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1659:
1650:
1647:
1640:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1622:
1618:
1607:
1602:
1600:
1598:
1594:
1593:
1588:
1586:
1581:
1580:
1575:
1571:
1570:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1541:
1534:
1533:
1525:
1524:
1516:
1515:
1507:
1506:
1498:
1497:
1489:
1488:
1480:
1479:
1471:
1470:
1462:
1461:
1453:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1447:
1440:
1439:
1436:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1426:
1425:
1418:
1417:
1411:
1410:
1407:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1397:
1396:
1389:
1388:
1382:Carnotaurini
1381:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1367:
1366:
1359:
1358:
1355:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1345:
1344:
1337:
1336:
1333:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1327:
1320:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1310:
1303:
1302:
1295:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1282:
1281:
1273:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1263:
1262:
1255:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1241:
1240:
1233:
1232:
1226:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1218:
1217:
1216:
1209:
1208:
1202:
1201:
1195:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1182:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1176:
1175:Rahiolisaurus
1169:
1168:
1165:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1159:
1152:
1151:
1145:
1144:
1138:
1137:
1134:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1128:
1121:
1120:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1098:
1097:
1089:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1079:
1078:
1077:Majungasaurus
1071:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1061:
1054:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1040:
1039:
1032:
1031:
1025:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1012:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1006:
999:
998:
995:
994:
991:
990:
989:
982:
981:
975:
974:
968:
965:
964:
958:
957:
954:
953:
948:
943:
942:
936:
935:
929:
928:
925:
924:
921:
919:
915:
914:
907:
906:
900:
899:Abelisauridae
897:
896:
892:
890:
889:
885:
880:
877:
873:
872:
867:
864:
863:Rodolfo Coria
860:
859:
854:
853:
848:
844:
843:Rodolfo Coria
840:
837:
832:
830:
826:
825:cnemial crest
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
776:
775:
770:
768:
763:
762:
757:
756:
751:
750:Furileusauria
742:
735:
733:
730:
726:
722:
721:
716:
713:
709:
701:
699:
697:
696:
691:
687:
683:
682:
677:
676:Robert Bakker
672:
670:
666:
662:
658:
657:
652:
648:
647:
638:
636:
634:
630:
621:
610:
599:
592:
580:
578:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
559:
554:
550:
546:
542:
541:
536:
535:
530:
529:
524:
523:Abelisauridae
520:
517:
513:
499:
498:
491:
489:
488:
481:
479:
478:
471:
469:
468:
461:
459:
458:
451:
450:
447:
442:
436:
434:
433:
426:
424:
423:
416:
414:
413:
406:
404:
403:
396:
393:
392:
385:
383:
382:
375:
374:
371:
366:
365:Furileusauria
360:
357:
356:
349:
347:
346:
339:
337:
336:
329:
326:
325:
324:Rahiolisaurus
318:
316:
315:
308:
306:
305:
298:
296:
295:
288:
286:
285:
278:
275:
274:
267:
266:
264:
259:
254:
248:
242:
239:
236:
235:
232:
231:Abelisauridae
226:
223:
222:
219:
216:
213:
210:
209:
206:
203:
200:
197:
196:
193:
190:
187:
184:
183:
180:
177:
174:
173:
170:
167:
164:
163:
160:
157:
154:
153:
148:
143:
139:
136:
132:
131:
125:
121:
116:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
48:
41:
33:
30:
19:
18:Carnotaurinae
6922:Abelisaurids
6898:
6879:
6838:Brachyrostra
6808:Brachyrostra
6807:
6771:
6700:
6693:
6686:
6679:
6672:
6667:Ornithomimus
6665:
6658:
6651:
6644:
6637:
6630:
6623:
6605:Tyrannomimus
6603:
6595:
6587:
6580:
6575:Deinocheirus
6573:
6566:
6546:
6539:
6532:
6508:
6500:
6495:Nqwebasaurus
6493:
6488:Nedcolbertia
6486:
6479:
6472:
6466:Calamosaurus
6464:
6458:Aviatyrannis
6456:
6449:
6424:
6394:
6387:
6380:
6372:
6365:
6358:
6351:
6343:
6338:Aristosuchus
6336:
6330:Aniksosaurus
6328:
6310:Aniksosaurus
6308:
6278:
6271:
6263:
6209:
6174:
6167:
6160:
6153:
6079:
6072:
6065:
6045:
6038:
6033:Dynamoterror
6031:
6011:
6004:
5984:
5977:
5957:
5952:Asiatyrannus
5950:
5926:
5919:
5890:Dryptosaurus
5888:
5881:
5874:
5843:
5836:
5829:
5821:
5814:
5807:
5800:
5793:
5786:
5781:Jinbeisaurus
5779:
5772:
5765:
5757:
5752:Aviatyrannis
5750:
5743:
5709:
5704:Sinotyrannus
5702:
5695:
5688:
5681:
5660:
5653:
5631:
5624:
5583:
5576:
5569:
5561:
5554:
5546:
5538:
5533:Bicentenaria
5531:
5523:
5518:Asiamericana
5516:
5509:
5450:
5391:
5384:
5377:
5370:
5363:
5356:
5349:
5328:
5320:
5313:
5306:
5299:
5293:Deltadromeus
5291:
5283:
5276:
5225:Tyrannotitan
5223:
5216:
5209:
5202:
5182:
5158:
5153:Taurovenator
5151:
5144:
5137:
5132:Lajasvenator
5130:
5123:
5116:
5111:Concavenator
5109:
5101:
5094:
5069:
5061:
5054:
5046:
5038:
5018:
5011:
5003:
4996:
4989:
4982:
4957:
4949:
4941:
4934:
4927:Allosauridae
4895:
4888:
4883:Shidaisaurus
4881:
4874:
4867:
4847:
4839:
4814:
4806:
4799:
4792:
4761:
4753:
4745:
4738:
4711:
4703:
4691:Avetheropoda
4678:Avetheropoda
4649:
4608:Avetheropoda
4575:
4568:
4561:Spinosaurini
4548:
4541:
4534:
4527:
4519:
4491:
4484:
4477:
4456:
4448:
4441:
4436:Protathlitis
4434:
4427:
4402:
4395:
4388:
4380:
4345:
4338:
4331:
4326:Leshansaurus
4324:
4317:
4310:
4290:
4283:
4278:Megalosaurus
4276:
4271:Duriavenator
4269:
4249:
4224:
4208:Megalosauria
4189:
4182:
4177:Marshosaurus
4175:
4170:Condorraptor
4168:
4148:
4107:
4100:
4092:
4085:
4078:
4071:
4064:
4057:
4051:Cruxicheiros
4049:
4042:
4034:
4026:
4018:
3883:
3878:Quilmesaurus
3876:
3869:
3862:
3854:
3847:
3840:
3833:
3826:
3806:
3799:
3791:
3784:
3777:
3770:
3763:
3756:
3749:
3741:
3730:Brachyrostra
3729:
3716:
3696:
3688:
3681:
3674:
3667:
3659:
3652:
3632:
3627:Tralkasaurus
3625:
3618:
3611:
3604:
3597:
3590:
3583:
3576:
3568:
3561:
3529:Vespersaurus
3527:
3522:Velocisaurus
3520:
3513:
3506:
3499:
3479:
3472:
3465:
3445:
3438:
3431:
3423:
3417:Deltadromeus
3415:
3407:
3401:Compsosuchus
3399:
3392:
3384:
3376:
3351:
3343:
3337:Lametasaurus
3335:
3327:
3293:
3288:Ceratosaurus
3286:
3266:
3258:
3251:
3243:
3236:
3220:Ceratosauria
3205:
3198:
3123:
3116:
3074:
3066:
3059:
3051:
3043:
3036:
3029:
3022:
3002:
2997:Podokesaurus
2995:
2988:
2981:
2973:
2949:
2941:
2934:
2927:
2920:
2913:
2906:
2899:
2892:
2885:
2880:Gojirasaurus
2878:
2873:Dracovenator
2871:
2863:
2856:
2844:Neotheropoda
2829:
2821:
2813:
2807:Guaibasaurus
2805:
2798:
2790:
2782:
2776:Chindesaurus
2774:
2664:
2655:
2561:
2557:
2551:
2543:
2532:. Retrieved
2525:the original
2520:
2516:
2503:
2484:
2478:
2469:
2465:
2455:
2422:
2418:
2411:
2386:
2382:
2375:
2342:
2338:
2334:
2328:
2312:11336/149906
2287:
2283:
2253:. Retrieved
2246:
2237:
2192:
2188:
2182:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2144:
2135:
2131:
2118:
2109:
2105:
2096:
2088:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2031:
1988:
1984:
1974:
1966:ResearchGate
1964:– via
1945:
1941:
1935:
1931:
1905:the original
1884:
1880:
1871:
1809:
1805:
1799:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1706:
1702:
1667:
1663:
1657:
1649:
1590:
1583:
1577:
1567:
1545:
1444:
1443:
1422:
1421:
1393:
1392:
1363:
1362:
1343:Quilmesaurus
1341:
1340:
1324:
1323:
1307:
1306:
1259:
1258:
1237:
1236:
1213:
1212:
1173:
1172:
1156:
1155:
1125:
1124:
1113:Brachyrostra
1112:
1075:
1074:
1058:
1057:
1036:
1035:
1003:
1002:
986:
985:
939:
911:
910:
886:
881:
869:
865:
856:
850:
847:Luis Chiappe
839:Carnotaurini
838:
833:
809:epiphophyses
795:between the
779:
772:
765:
759:
753:
749:
747:
718:
714:
707:
705:
693:
679:
673:
665:dentary bone
654:
650:
644:
642:
625:
597:
581:Paleobiology
574:
570:
556:
538:
532:
526:
512:Brachyrostra
511:
510:
497:Quilmesaurus
495:
485:
475:
465:
455:
445:
441:Carnotaurini
440:
430:
420:
410:
400:
389:
379:
369:
364:
353:
343:
333:
322:
312:
302:
292:
282:
271:
252:
247:Brachyrostra
246:
237:
211:
198:
185:
128:
29:
6901:August 2024
6832:Wikispecies
6732:Maniraptora
6721:Maniraptora
6702:Tototlmimus
6632:Anserimimus
6582:Garudimimus
6568:Beishanlong
6510:Valdoraptor
6451:Arkansaurus
6396:Xunmenglong
6273:Juravenator
6067:Tarbosaurus
5959:Nanuqsaurus
5928:Gorgosaurus
5845:Megaraptora
5831:Timurlengia
5563:Sciurumimus
5511:Aratasaurus
5379:Murusraptor
5301:Fukuiraptor
5264:Megaraptora
5146:Shaochilong
5118:Eocarcharia
5071:Megaraptora
4991:Lusovenator
4869:Alpkarakush
4726:Carnosauria
4577:Spinosaurus
4550:Siamosaurus
4450:Suchosaurus
4397:Iberospinus
4333:Magnosaurus
4312:Afrovenator
4285:Torvosaurus
4036:Chilesaurus
3849:Carnotaurus
3842:Caletodraco
3828:Abelisaurus
3654:Arcovenator
3501:Laevisuchus
3492:Noasaurinae
3394:Berthasaura
3365:Noasauridae
3295:Genyodectes
3260:Lukousaurus
3253:Jubbulpuria
3053:Panguraptor
3031:Coelophysis
3024:Camposaurus
2983:Panguraptor
2975:Dracoraptor
2951:Zupaysaurus
2936:Tachiraptor
2915:Sarcosaurus
2815:Nhandumirim
2466:Ameghiniana
2290:: 209–219.
2071:11336/34937
1991:(1): 9730.
1932:Carnotaurus
1732:11336/52024
1579:Caletodraco
1574:Mato Grosso
1446:Abelisaurus
1395:Carnotaurus
1005:Arcovenator
884:abelisaurid
785:postorbital
720:Carnotaurus
717:2011 found
712:Phil Currie
681:Carnotaurus
656:Carnotaurus
598:Carnotaurus
558:Caletodraco
534:Abelisaurus
528:Carnotaurus
477:Carnotaurus
457:Abelisaurus
381:Caletodraco
45:98–66
6916:Categories
6882:categories
6660:Gallimimus
6589:Harpymimus
6534:Harpymimus
6155:Iliosuchus
6125:see below↓
5970:Alioramini
5788:Juratyrant
5774:Eotyrannus
5759:Bagaraatan
5711:Yutyrannus
5645:Coeluridae
5571:Vayuraptor
5417:see below↓
5393:Tratayenia
5386:Orkoraptor
5372:Megaraptor
5278:Aoniraptor
5211:Mapusaurus
5139:Sauroniops
5103:Altispinax
5056:Neovenator
4998:Siamraptor
4984:Datanglong
4951:Epanterias
4943:Antrodemus
4936:Allosaurus
4917:Allosauria
4740:Altispinax
4705:Gasosaurus
4617:see below↓
4493:Suchomimus
4094:Sinosaurus
3929:see below↓
3885:Viavenator
3835:Aucasaurus
3772:Ilokelesia
3743:Dahalokely
3698:Rajasaurus
3676:Indosaurus
3669:Genusaurus
3661:Dahalokely
3585:Indosuchus
3481:Limusaurus
3440:Ligabueino
3433:Kiyacursor
3425:Genusaurus
3409:Dahalokely
3329:Betasuchus
3200:Dornraptor
3100:see below↓
3076:Segisaurus
2929:Sinosaurus
2792:Eodromaeus
2721:see below↓
2669:Dinosauria
2651:Sauropsida
2534:2018-11-21
2425:: 102445.
2138:: 145–158.
2112:: 185–192.
2099:Bonaparte"
1641:References
1597:Madagascar
1592:Dahalokely
1585:Genusaurus
1424:Aucasaurus
1365:Viavenator
1215:Ilokelesia
1158:Dahalokely
1060:Indosaurus
1038:Rajasaurus
988:Genusaurus
702:Locomotion
695:Allosaurus
540:Aucasaurus
467:Aucasaurus
432:Viavenator
391:Genusaurus
314:Ilokelesia
273:Dahalokely
261:Subgroups
205:Saurischia
192:Dinosauria
6736:includes
6681:Rativates
6674:Qiupalong
6374:Scipionyx
6367:Mirischia
6040:Lythronax
5979:Alioramus
5633:Labocania
5351:Aerosteon
4897:Sinraptor
4801:Erectopus
4536:Irritator
4121:Orionides
4006:Tetanurae
3993:Tetanurae
3920:Tetanurae
3856:Elemgasem
3779:Llukalkan
3758:Elemgasem
3515:Noasaurus
3378:Afromimus
3186:Averostra
3173:Averostra
3091:Averostra
2943:Velocipes
2762:Theropoda
2749:Theropoda
2712:Theropoda
2637:Kingdom:
2621:Theropoda
2580:2813-6284
2447:213781725
2367:0195-6671
2345:: 71–89.
2320:0195-6671
2255:April 22,
1962:131148538
1936:Bonaparte
1901:132580445
1844:0891-2963
1822:CiteSeerX
1777:: 71–89.
1309:Llukalkan
888:Llukalkan
789:squamosal
736:Phylogeny
706:Mazzetta
692:theropod
688:) as the
549:Argentina
412:Llukalkan
294:Elemgasem
218:Theropoda
165:Kingdom:
159:Eukaryota
6889:help out
6823:Q1851719
6817:Wikidata
6265:Coelurus
5690:Kileskus
5683:Guanlong
5655:Coelurus
5548:Gualicho
5048:Gualicho
4429:Baryonyx
3765:Guemesia
3592:Kryptops
3353:Ozraptor
2990:Pendraig
2645:Chordata
2643:Phylum:
2639:Animalia
2248:CBC News
2229:22043292
2189:PLOS ONE
2080:84565615
2023:29950661
1934:sastrei
1887:: 1–41.
1852:56028251
1749:23619863
1741:19057888
1625:Gondwana
1603:See also
913:Kryptops
801:lacrimal
793:fenestra
758:but not
690:Jurassic
573:than to
519:dinosaur
516:theropod
368:Filippi
304:Guemesia
224:Family:
179:Chordata
175:Phylum:
169:Animalia
155:Domain:
6887:Please
5823:Timimus
5585:Zuolong
5315:Rapator
5218:Meraxes
4543:Oxalaia
3864:Koleken
2887:Lepidus
2649:Class:
2427:Bibcode
2391:Bibcode
2347:Bibcode
2292:Bibcode
2220:3197156
2197:Bibcode
2050:Bibcode
2014:6021374
1993:Bibcode
1814:Bibcode
1779:Bibcode
1711:Bibcode
1595:, from
827:of the
797:frontal
686:occiput
661:kinesis
629:frontal
622:Anatomy
521:family
487:Koleken
251:Canale
6852:138556
6474:Hexing
6162:Kakuru
5767:Dilong
3808:Thanos
3786:Niebla
3606:Rugops
3599:Kurupi
2578:
2491:
2445:
2365:
2318:
2227:
2217:
2078:
2021:
2011:
1960:
1899:
1850:
1842:
1824:
1747:
1739:
1558:, the
1554:, the
1550:, the
941:Rugops
866:et al.
805:distal
715:et al.
708:et al.
651:et al.
563:France
553:Brazil
448:, 2002
446:et al.
444:Coria
402:Niebla
372:, 2016
370:et al.
345:Thanos
255:, 2008
253:et al.
135:Prague
6738:birds
5795:Moros
5322:Siats
5063:Siats
5005:Siats
2665:Clade
2656:Clade
2528:(PDF)
2513:(PDF)
2443:S2CID
2280:(PDF)
2128:(PDF)
2102:(PDF)
2076:S2CID
1958:S2CID
1908:(PDF)
1897:S2CID
1877:(PDF)
1848:S2CID
1745:S2CID
1699:(PDF)
836:tribe
829:tibia
633:nasal
567:clade
561:from
555:plus
238:Clade
212:Clade
199:Clade
186:Clade
6730:see
5365:Maip
2823:Tawa
2698:see
2576:ISSN
2489:ISBN
2363:ISSN
2316:ISSN
2257:2017
2225:PMID
2132:Gaia
2106:Gaia
2019:PMID
1840:ISSN
1737:PMID
799:and
631:and
551:and
53:PreꞒ
6891:by
2566:doi
2435:doi
2399:doi
2355:doi
2308:hdl
2300:doi
2215:PMC
2205:doi
2066:hdl
2058:doi
2040:".
2009:PMC
2001:doi
1950:doi
1889:doi
1885:416
1832:doi
1787:doi
1727:hdl
1719:doi
1672:doi
845:,
771:or
577:."
547:of
6918::
6849::
6834::
6819::
2667::
2658::
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2560:.
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2521:60
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