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harmony … Luther published hundreds of hymn texts to be sung to popular melodies and simple chants. In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, the
Reformation extended the range of religious choral music beyond the liturgy, and the informal group singing of songs was highly encouraged, leading to a greater familiarity with Christmas hymns.
530:
Luther sought reforms in music, as he sought change in theology, ethics, ritual, and art. He loved polyphony and wanted music that moved people by fusing faith and song. He encouraged a greater participation by the congregation in singing, and he simplified the music from choir plainsong to easy
202:-like works for Christmas that they termed carols; and folk-carols continued to be sung in rural areas. Nonetheless, some famous carols were written in this period, and they were more strongly revived from the nineteenth century and began to be written and adapted by eminent composers.
182:, reformers aimed to bring music "back to the people". To enable the common person to sing church music, great efforts were made to translate musical texts from Latin into the native languages that people spoke.
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233:), even those that retain the traditional attributes of a carol – celebrating a seasonal topic, alternating verses and chorus, and danceable music.
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163:). Carols were very popular as dance songs from the 1150s to the 1350s, after which their use expanded as processional songs sung during
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Sacred music was traditionally sung in Latin by clergy or appointed cantors of the
Catholic church. Following the Protestant
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252:", reverted to a quasi-mediaeval style; this became a feature of the early twentieth-century revival in Christmas Carols.
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In modern times, songs that may once have been regarded as carols are now no longer classified as such (especially
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carol; however, despite their present association with religion, this has not always been the case.
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Sacred
Christmas Music: The Stories Behind the Most Beloved Songs of Devotion
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Some composers have written extended works based on carols. Examples include
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572:"9 wonderful carols from around the world that aren't 'Good King Wenceslas'"
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is a festive song, generally religious but not necessarily connected with
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33:"Caroling" redirects here. For the Frankish noble dynasty, see
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Carols; Their Origin, Music, and
Connection with Mystery-Plays
1409:
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91:
19:
For "chorale" (a group of singers) and "choral music", see
609:. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
26:"Carols" redirects here. For the Ayumi Hamasaki song, see
69:
Today the carol is represented almost exclusively by the
50:
church worship, and sometimes accompanied by a dance. A
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167:, while others were written to accompany religious
156:accompanied by singers (in turn derived from the
58:) is someone who sings carols, and is said to be
190:, encouraged congregational singing during the
214:Singing carols during the 2014 Declaration of
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8:
518:. Sterling Publishing Company. p. 40.
504:(Routledge, 1921, Read Books, 2008), p. 24.
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979:
650:
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477:"The history of singing Christmas carols"
293:Important anthologies of carols include:
123:, performed by the U.S. Army Band Chorus
468:
582:from the original on 17 December 2021.
130:
2762:Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus
570:Pentreath, Rosie (17 December 2021).
7:
14:
1015:Gramophone Classical Music Awards
16:Festive song, generally religious
3183:
3182:
2638:Christmas Day (Trading) Act 2004
2533:Old Santeclaus with Much Delight
613:
236:Some writers of carols, such as
131:Problems playing this file? See
107:
77:, and to a lesser extent by the
2618:Bronner's Christmas Wonderland
2547:Christmas Day in the Workhouse
1930:Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer
1709:Legend of the Christmas Spider
1:
2569:Christmas television specials
2468:The New Oxford Book of Carols
1555:Annunciation to the shepherds
618:The dictionary definition of
355:The New Oxford Book of Carols
2623:Christmas and holiday season
332:Christmas Carols New and Old
272:Fantasia on Christmas Carols
659:Music of the United Kingdom
3259:
1535:Adoration of the Shepherds
547:The Christmas Carol Reader
514:Clancy, Ronald M. (2008).
386:The Penguin Book of Carols
32:
25:
18:
3221:19th-century music genres
3216:16th-century music genres
3178:
2779:WWE Tribute to the Troops
2540:A Visit from St. Nicholas
2461:The Oxford Book of Carols
2037:Feast of the Seven Fishes
1600:Massacre of the Innocents
1449:
549:(Routledge, 1995), p. 3.
396:The University Carol Book
367:The Oxford Book of Carols
348:George Ratcliffe Woodward
242:Ding Dong Merrily on High
238:George Ratcliffe Woodward
175:", written before 1534).
2581:Apollo 8 Genesis reading
1096:Subscription plays chart
714:History of popular music
423:List of Christmas carols
2743:Small Business Saturday
2613:Black Friday (shopping)
2608:Black Friday (partying)
2102:Nine Lessons and Carols
2032:Events and celebrations
1117:C2C: Country to Country
995:BBC Radio 2 Folk Awards
606:Encyclopædia Britannica
543:William Emmett Studwell
3231:Christian music genres
2387:Post-War United States
380:Ralph Vaughan Williams
334:ed. H. R. Bramley and
277:Victor Hely-Hutchinson
267:Ralph Vaughan Williams
226:
96:
3211:Medieval music genres
2436:Hit singles in the US
2431:Hit singles in the UK
1992:Carols by Candlelight
1920:Santa Claus' daughter
1528:Adoration of the Magi
500:William J. Phillips,
418:Carols by Candlelight
343:The Cowley Carol Book
213:
188:Lutheran Christianity
95:
2728:Santa's Candy Castle
2052:Google Santa Tracker
767:British folk revival
413:Cancionero de Upsala
300:ed. David Iliff and
262:A Ceremony of Carols
250:Masters in This Hall
144:is derived from the
2733:Santa Claus Village
2648:Christmas Mountains
2554:Journey of the Magi
1560:Baptism of the Lord
1020:Ivor Novello Awards
1005:Classic Brit Awards
721:Early popular music
358:ed. Hugh Keyte and
35:Carolingian dynasty
2843:Twelve-dish supper
2693:Jews and Christmas
2643:Christmas Lectures
2372:American Civil War
2107:NORAD Tracks Santa
1483:Saint Nicholas Day
1157:Royal National Mòd
760:Traditional genres
227:
97:
3198:
3197:
3174:
3173:
2838:Thirteen desserts
2758:Virginia O'Hanlon
2603:Advent Conspiracy
2517:Films (Christmas,
2509:A Christmas Carol
2454:Carols for Choirs
1997:Cavalcade of Magi
1977:Boar's Head Feast
1646:Star of Bethlehem
1617:Nativity of Jesus
1605:flight into Egypt
1490:St. Stephen's Day
1407:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1275:
1274:
1266:God Save the King
1167:Reading and Leeds
1061:Compilation chart
525:978-1-4027-5811-9
447:Trick-or-treating
313:Carols for Choirs
112:
3248:
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3021:Redcurrant sauce
2810:
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2799:
2773:Winter festivals
2523:Christmas horror
2490:
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2087:Meals and feasts
2007:Christmas jumper
1954:
1925:Santa's reindeer
1877:
1823:Father Christmas
1787:
1744:Santa's workshop
1665:
1627:in later culture
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1390:Turks and Caicos
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1056:Classical charts
990:BBC Music Awards
980:
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322:Reginald Jacques
257:Benjamin Britten
186:, the father of
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3016:Cranberry sauce
2999:
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2954:Red velvet cake
2939:Poppy seed roll
2857:
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2768:White Christmas
2658:Christmas truce
2653:Christmas seals
2633:Christmas creep
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2077:Lord of Misrule
2012:Christmas Peace
1962:Advent calendar
1952:
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1895:Knecht Ruprecht
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1258:National anthem
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1105:Music festivals
1100:
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1025:Kerrang! Awards
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782:Children's song
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751:2000s and 2010s
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564:Further reading
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318:David Willcocks
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216:Christmas Peace
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75:Christmas carol
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1876:Saint Nicholas
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1828:Grandpa Indian
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1634:Nativity scene
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1469:Children's Day
1465:
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1455:Blue Christmas
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1395:Virgin Islands
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1375:Cayman Islands
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1280:Regional music
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2449:Music books
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2280:Nazi Germany
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2042:Flying Santa
1749:Tió de Nadal
1699:Korvatunturi
1550:Annunciation
1516:Christianity
1497:Sol Invictus
1293:Birmingham (
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1220:Melody Maker
1218:
1211:
1204:
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1051:Albums chart
1044:Music charts
983:Music awards
938:Ethnic music
836:Contemporary
802:Protest song
797:Morris dance
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484:. Retrieved
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331:
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304:, published
302:John Barnard
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289:Bibliography
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3141:Roast goose
3062:Mulled wine
3042:Champurrado
3037:Apple cider
3011:Bread sauce
2964:Szaloncukor
2944:Pumpkin pie
2894:Gingerbread
2848:Smörgåsbord
2489:Other media
2327:Philippines
2317:New Zealand
2200:Twelve Days
2157:Räuchermann
2112:Nutcrackers
2062:Las Posadas
2022:Decorations
2002:Christingle
1942:Zwarte Piet
1937:Snegurochka
1858:Sinterklaas
1808:Santa Claus
1334:Northumbria
1191:Music media
1142:Glastonbury
1076:Indie chart
1066:Dance chart
1035:MOBO Awards
1000:Brit Awards
976:performance
673:Early music
390:Ian Bradley
376:Martin Shaw
328:(1961–1988)
326:John Rutter
248:who wrote "
240:who wrote "
180:Reformation
73:carol, the
3226:Song forms
3205:Categories
2869:Candy cane
2818:Joulupöytä
2718:Pikkujoulu
2382:New Mexico
2231:By country
2205:Wassailing
2146:Poinsettia
1953:Traditions
1905:Mrs. Claus
1885:Belsnickel
1838:Julemanden
1833:Joulupukki
1764:Wenceslaus
1729:North Pole
1694:Jack Frost
1684:Christkind
1639:Neapolitan
1462:Boxing Day
1385:Montserrat
1324:Manchester
1137:Eisteddfod
1086:Rock chart
817:Strathspey
812:Sea shanty
576:Classic FM
457:Wassailing
452:Villancico
146:Old French
133:media help
3156:Tourtière
3146:Romeritos
3083:Dumplings
3030:Beverages
2934:Pecan pie
2924:Panettone
2919:Pampushka
2914:Mince pie
2889:Fruitcake
2833:Réveillon
2713:NFL games
2708:NBA games
2703:In August
2673:Economics
2443:Billboard
2297:Indonesia
2240:Australia
2215:Yule goat
2190:Stockings
2124:Ornaments
1853:Père Noël
1848:Olentzero
1843:Noel Baba
1818:Ded Moroz
1774:Yule Lads
1714:Mari Lwyd
1565:Bethlehem
1442:Christmas
1380:Gibraltar
1349:Yorkshire
1319:Liverpool
1162:The Proms
1152:Knebworth
1132:Edinburgh
974:Media and
945:Caribbean
855:Americana
850:Afroswing
845:Afrobeats
827:Work song
705:Classical
666:Art music
350:(1901–19)
198:composed
165:festivals
140:The word
60:carolling
48:Christian
3189:Category
3160:meat pie
3151:Stuffing
3105:Varenyky
2974:Yule log
2949:Qurabiya
2823:Julebord
2796:Food and
2723:SantaCon
2688:El Gordo
2575:Yule Log
2347:Scotland
2260:Ethiopia
2245:Colombia
2220:Yule log
2174:Spanbaum
2151:Pyramids
2017:Crackers
1915:Sack Man
1801:folklore
1769:Yule cat
1674:Badalisc
1664:folklore
1575:Epiphany
1365:Anguilla
1358:Overseas
1339:Somerset
1314:Cornwall
1248:The Wire
1213:Kerrang!
1172:Sidmouth
1127:Download
1112:Boomtown
960:Scotland
929:Schlager
875:Scotland
822:War song
787:Hornpipe
688:Scotland
580:Archived
432:Koledari
428:Kolyadka
407:See also
161:choraula
64:caroling
52:caroller
3095:Pierogi
3090:Hallaca
2995:Borscht
2959:Stollen
2929:Pavlova
2904:Makówki
2884:Cozonac
2853:Wigilia
2738:Scrooge
2698:In July
2596:society
2528:Poetry
2362:Ukraine
2337:Romania
2302:Ireland
2292:Iceland
2287:Hungary
2275:Germany
2265:Finland
2255:England
2250:Denmark
2210:Windows
2141:Piñatas
2129:Parades
2082:Markets
2067:Letters
2057:Hampers
1900:Krampus
1739:Perchta
1679:Caganer
1370:Bermuda
1329:Newport
1309:Cardiff
955:Ireland
950:England
914:Popular
892:Hip Hop
870:England
860:Country
700:Baroque
683:Ireland
678:England
224:Finland
85:History
56:caroler
3166:Turkey
3100:Tamale
3057:Kissel
3047:Eggnog
3004:Sauces
2990:Menudo
2969:Turrón
2879:Cookie
2862:Sweets
2828:Kūčios
2809:Dinner
2683:Grinch
2594:modern
2561:Tomten
2520:Santa,
2503:novels
2421:Operas
2409:Carols
2377:Hawaii
2357:Sweden
2352:Serbia
2342:Russia
2332:Poland
2322:Norway
2312:Mexico
2270:France
2185:Stamps
2180:Szopka
2072:Lights
2027:Didukh
1863:Others
1813:Befana
1759:Vertep
1622:in art
1590:Joseph
1540:Advent
1344:Sussex
1199:fRoots
772:Ballad
553:
522:
486:22 May
402:(1961)
392:(1999)
382:(1928)
362:(1992)
338:(1871)
308:(2005)
275:) and
244:" and
220:Porvoo
150:carole
79:Easter
71:Advent
2899:Kutia
2798:drink
2426:Songs
2400:Music
2307:Italy
2163:Seals
2117:dolls
2047:Gifts
1987:Cards
1890:Elves
1754:Turoń
1724:Nisse
1689:Grýla
1585:Jesus
965:Wales
897:Drill
887:Grime
880:Wales
777:Carol
746:1990s
741:1980s
736:1970s
731:1960s
726:1950s
693:Wales
621:carol
463:Notes
200:motet
158:Latin
148:word
142:carol
44:carol
21:Choir
3121:Carp
2983:Soup
2874:Cake
2785:Xmas
2414:list
2195:Tree
2134:list
1595:Mary
1504:Yule
1299:Jazz
1227:Mojo
924:Soul
919:Rock
904:Jazz
865:Folk
807:Reel
551:ISBN
520:ISBN
488:2024
398:ed.
388:ed.
378:and
370:ed.
346:ed.
324:and
316:ed.
306:RSCM
192:Mass
152:, a
117:The
62:(or
54:(or
3131:Ham
1661:In
1234:NME
909:Pop
792:Jig
285:).
265:),
218:in
66:).
3207::
2764:")
2760:("
2592:In
1514:In
1301:,
1297:,
603:.
578:.
574:.
545:,
528:.
479:.
430:,
374:,
320:,
222:,
42:A
3162:)
3158:(
2563:"
2559:"
2556:"
2552:"
2549:"
2545:"
2535:"
2531:"
2525:)
2445:)
1433:e
1426:t
1419:v
1305:)
1268:"
1264:"
1241:Q
1182:V
651:e
644:t
637:v
490:.
279:(
269:(
259:(
135:.
37:.
30:.
23:.
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