255:. The demands of this rebellion were similar to the previous two: they requested the resignation of General Caridi and that his replacement be pro-Carapintada; full amnesty beyond the Due Obedience law; and an increase in military salaries. However, by this rebellion, the demands of the Carapintada were beginning to become much more vague than the previous uprisings under Rico. They were later followed by around 1,000 troops of the three armed forces. The mutineers surrendered days later, but only SeineldĂn and Major Hugo Abete were arrested. Several of the mutineers' demands were conceded by the government, such as the replacement of General Caridi with General Gassino and a military pay increase.
309:, and 164 Carapintadas. In spite of this, on December 3, 1990 SeineldĂn again staged what would become known as the most violent Carapintada uprising. After the takeover of eight regiments, the rebellion ended with several deaths and 300 arrested. Because of President Menemâs positive relations with the military, the uprising did not gain much military support and was shut down by the loyalist military within 36 hours. A few days later, Menem signed the pardon for all the most important people convicted for misdeeds during the Dirty War.
227:, a reflection of their demands for honor and respect to be shown to the Armed Forces, something that the Carapintadas felt had been lost under the new democratic regime. Among this general sentiment, there was also a call for the end to the trials for human rights violations and removal of the army chief of staff. In future uprisings, the Carapintadas would include expansion of the military budget among their demands. President AlfonsĂn addressed an estimated 200,000 protestors who had gathered in front of the
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The rebellions also created tensions and power struggles between the government and military for several years afterward. Rather than attempting to organically cultivate military support for the democratic civilian government, AlfonsĂnâs administration had instead attempted to force the Armed Forces
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Additionally, the governmentâs response to the uprisings weakened civilian faith in the new democracyâs ability to manage the military and proceed with human rights rectification. The passing of the Due
Obedience Law shortly after the first Carapintada uprising in 1987 was seen by many human rights
321:
The first rebellion was also the first outright expression of the
Argentine Armed Forces regarding the memory of the Dirty War. In the eyes of the Carapintadas, the National Reorganization Process had been a necessary war against Communist subversion and the military had saved the Argentine way of
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The uprisings of the
Carapintadas had significant effects on the trajectory of Argentine civil-military relations and transitional justice processes. President AlfonsĂnâs government inherited a substantial amount of debt from its military predecessor, which led to intense slashing of the military
240:. Six other regiments joined Rico in solidarity, adding up to a total of 350 soldiers. An unconditional surrender followed 5 days later, whereupon Rico was expelled from the army and imprisoned, while other Carapintada members were forced to retire, expelled from the army, or exiled.
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life. The rebellions as a whole created rifts within the military itself: while the non-Carapintada military did not fully support the rebellion, they were unwilling to repress the
Carapintadas until the final uprising under Menem.
72:. The rebellions, while at first thought to be an attempt at a military coup, were staged primarily to assert displeasure against the civilian government and make certain military demands known.
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budget. This was interpreted as an attempt to undercut and weaken the military in addition to the humiliation of the human rights trials and denunciation of the
National Reorganization Process.
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in 1983 with the election of RaĂșl AlfonsĂn, the new democratic government sought justice for the human rights violations perpetuated by the military government. The creation of
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233:(Argentina's presidential palace), promising to end the conflict, before traveling to Campo de Mayo to negotiate with Rico. On April 19, 1987, the Carapintadas surrendered.
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Pion-Berlin, David (October 1991). "Between
Confrontation and Accommodation: Military and Government Policy in Democratic Argentina".
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Norden, Deborah (1996). "The Rise of the
Lieutenant Colonels: Rebellion in Argentina and Venezuela".
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408:. Crenshaw, Martha. University Park, Pa.: Pennsylvania State University Press. 1995. p. 245.
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groups and activists as AlfonsĂn making concessions with what remained of authoritarian rule.
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Perelli, Carina (Summer 1992). "Settling
Accounts with Blood Memory: The Case of Argentina".
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274:, where they trained Argentine cadres and other troops involved in supporting the US anti-
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Tedesco, Laura (December 1996). "The
Argentine Armed Forces under President AlfonsĂn".
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mission in the region. Both men have more than tangential connection to the organized
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Infantry School in Buenos Aires. The
Carapintadas referred to this uprising as
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for a number of detained military men; including 39 held by events during the
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Uncivil movements : the armed right wing and democracy in Latin America
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The third uprising took place in December of that year, when members of the
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The Carapintadas revolted again under Rico's command in January 1988 in
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Leaders of the Carapintadas later entered politics. Aldo Rico formed
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and other US publications, both Rico and SeineldĂn spent time in
345:. Both parties have a right-wing nationalist orientation.
372:"Un ataque que sorprendiĂł a toda la dirigencia polĂtica"
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European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies
95:, the reform to the Military Justice Code, and the
494:. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press.
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522:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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383:"Asalto al cuartel de La Tablada"
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297:In October 1989, president elect
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664:Military history of Argentina
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669:Anti-communism in Argentina
659:Presidency of RaĂșl AlfonsĂn
544:Latin American Perspectives
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621:10.1017/S0022216X00015844
490:A., Payne, Leigh (2000).
337:and ran for president in
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80:Following
76:Background
48:(English:
674:Mutineers
629:145643541
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518:cite book
432:cite book
301:signed a
292:Dirty War
247:, led by
217:Aldo Rico
204:Aldo Rico
164:Argentina
140:Argentina
130:1987â1990
91:Nunca MĂĄs
70:Argentina
32:Aldo Rico
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462:: 21â37.
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349:See also
135:Location
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280:torture
276:leftist
86:CONADEP
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375:ClarĂn
303:pardon
93:report
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568:S2CID
560:JSTOR
392:Notes
335:MODIN
524:link
506:OCLC
496:ISBN
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420:OCLC
410:ISBN
339:1995
282:and
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38:The
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