57:
332:
218:(serotonin itself does not cause flushing). Potential causes of flushing in carcinoid syndrome include bradykinins, prostaglandins, tachykinins, substance P, and/or histamine, diarrhea, and heart problems. Because of serotonin's growth-promoting effect on cardiac myocytes, a serotonin-secreting carcinoid tumour may cause a tricuspid valve disease syndrome, due to the proliferation of myocytes onto the valve.
193:
427:, and particularly the ovary. They do not produce sufficient hormonal substances to cause carcinoid or other endocrine syndromes. In fact, they more closely resemble exocrine than endocrine tumors. The term 'crypt cell carcinoma' has been used for them, and though perhaps more accurate than considering them carcinoids, has not been a successful competitor.
184:. They are known to grow in the liver, but this finding is usually a manifestation of metastatic disease from a primary carcinoid occurring elsewhere in the body. They have a very slow growth rate compared to most malignant tumors. The median age at diagnosis for all patients with neuroendocrine tumors is 63 years.
543:
The WHO now divides these growths into neuroendocrine tumors and neuroendocrine cancers. Neuroendocrine tumors are growths that look benign but that might possibly be able to spread to other parts of the body. Neuroendocrine cancers are abnormal growths of neuroendocrine cells which can spread to
405:
tumor derived from crypt cells of the appendix. Histologically, it forms clusters of goblet cells containing mucin with a minor admixture of Paneth cells and endocrine cells. The growth pattern is distinctive: typically producing a concentric band of tumor nests interspersed among the
538:
redefined "carcinoid", but this new definition has not been accepted by all practitioners. This has led to some complexity in distinguishing between carcinoid and other neuroendocrine tumors in the literature. According to the
American Cancer Society, the 2000 WHO definition
526:
appearance microscopically. The recognition of their endocrine-related properties was later described by Gosset and Masson in 1914, and these tumors are now known to arise from the enterochromaffin (EC) and enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells of the gut. Some sources credit
273:
or the effects of tumor bulk are the presenting symptoms. The most common originating site of carcinoid is the small bowel, particularly the ileum; carcinoid tumors are the most common malignancy of the appendix. Carcinoid tumors may rarely arise from the ovary or thymus.
490:
As the metastatic potential of a coincidental carcinoid is probably low, the current recommendation is for follow up in 3 months with CT or MRI, labs for tumor markers such as serotonin, and a history and physical, with annual physicals thereafter.
1174:
1155:
414:
of the appendiceal wall extending up the shaft of the appendix. This makes the lesion difficult to suspect grossly and difficult to measure. Small tumor nests may be camouflaged amongst the muscle or in periappendiceal fat;
1035:
712:
Tsoli, Marina; Dimitriadis, Georgios K.; Androulakis, Ioannis I.; Kaltsas, Gregory; Grossman, Ashley (2000). Feingold, Kenneth R.; Anawalt, Bradley; Blackman, Marc R.; Boyce, Alison (eds.).
469:) and 131I-mIBG (meta iodo benzyl guanidine) for arresting the growth of the tumors and prolonging survival in patients with liver metastases, though these are currently experimental.
1189:
1039:
1932:
578:, head coach emeritus of the Northern State University men's basketball team. Meyer was found to have carcinoid cancer following an automobile accident in September 2009.
423:
stains are also helpful in identifying them. They behave in a more aggressive manner than do classical appendiceal carcinoids. Spread is usually to regional lymph nodes,
2637:
176:
Carcinoid tumors are the most common malignant tumor of the appendix, but they are most commonly associated with the small intestine, and they can also be found in the
2495:
1296:
604:"Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of carcinoid tumors. Part 1: The gastrointestinal tract. A statement from a Canadian National Carcinoid Expert Group"
2652:
2163:
2188:
2843:
1925:
2626:
2413:
2273:
2672:
1081:
383:. It is estimated that less than 6% of carcinoid patients will develop carcinoid syndrome, and of these, 50% will have cardiac involvement.
306:
2617:
2488:
2462:
2418:
1918:
1771:
1200:
2690:
2647:
1340:
1289:
843:
Daffner KR, Sherman JC, Gilberto
Gonzalez R, Hasserjian RP (2008). "Case 35-2008 — A 65-Year-Old Man with Confusion and Memory Loss".
200:
While most carcinoids are asymptomatic through the natural life and are discovered only upon surgery for unrelated reasons (so-called
149:
substances from well-differentiated carcinoids. A neuroendocrine paraneoplastic syndrome involves neoplastic secretion of functional
2025:
331:
2833:
2667:
2321:
1821:
466:
1825:
1658:
968:
2481:
2423:
2226:
2183:
2154:
1446:
2134:
2609:
1763:
1282:
435:
Carcinoid syndrome involves multiple tumors in one out of five males. The incidence of gastric carcinoids is increased in
2452:
2126:
2039:
1949:
1552:
343:
56:
2546:
2392:
2168:
2144:
1810:
1727:
1360:
2130:
2848:
2622:
2408:
2149:
2003:
1867:
1849:
1759:
1710:
440:
2745:
2632:
2316:
2245:
1941:
1844:
1767:
1604:
1430:
1393:
535:
483:
analogues) may decrease the secretory activity of the carcinoid, and may also have an anti-proliferative effect.
2662:
2563:
2541:
2268:
2122:
1872:
1805:
1740:
1614:
1594:
1561:
1539:
1501:
1211:
653:
Gade, Ajay K.; Olariu, Eva; Douthit, Nathan T.; Gade, Ajay K.; Olariu, Eva; Douthit, Nathan T. (2020-03-05).
2657:
2573:
2516:
2457:
2206:
1975:
1350:
138:
2794:
2298:
2086:
2048:
1958:
1733:
1557:
1497:
411:
368:, which are released into the systemic circulation, and which can lead to symptoms of cutaneous flushing,
320:
2642:
2529:
1895:
1619:
500:
392:
316:
215:
107:
2158:
764:
2838:
2682:
2303:
1723:
1582:
1519:
1355:
1335:
511:
103:
2760:
1859:
1511:
1345:
1178:
818:
463:
380:
373:
458:, if feasible, is the only curative therapy. If the tumor has metastasized (most commonly, to the
2812:
2582:
2363:
2345:
2285:
2114:
2110:
1692:
1524:
1487:
1365:
1121:
800:
737:
570:
361:
286:
261:
131:
123:
1383:
765:"Paraneoplastic syndromes and other systemic disorders associated with neuroendocrine neoplasms"
2719:
2508:
2430:
2382:
2373:
2096:
1998:
1967:
1836:
1251:
1222:
1113:
1077:
1014:
950:
901:
860:
792:
784:
719:
694:
676:
635:
444:
290:
249:
245:
81:
73:
2558:
2231:
2105:
2020:
2008:
1797:
1715:
1529:
1441:
1105:
1069:
1006:
998:
940:
932:
891:
852:
776:
684:
666:
625:
615:
234:
166:
2073:
2056:
1815:
1478:
749:
462:) and is considered incurable, there are some promising treatment modalities, such as the
2473:
1566:
2740:
2590:
2387:
2350:
2280:
2178:
2118:
2061:
1990:
1980:
1492:
1421:
1194:
1183:
1065:
945:
920:
689:
654:
630:
603:
335:
2827:
2750:
2331:
2013:
1109:
993:
528:
229:
162:
1125:
804:
2786:
2524:
2293:
1750:
1702:
1646:
1547:
972:
581:
558:
519:
480:
472:
436:
1274:
1262:
1216:
2804:
2600:
2536:
2358:
2311:
2254:
2198:
1688:
1463:
1375:
1246:
1010:
780:
507:
416:
270:
69:
713:
487:
treatment is also effective, and usually combined with somatostatin analogues.
192:
17:
2755:
2444:
1599:
1468:
1458:
1314:
1227:
1168:
620:
484:
476:
424:
241:
146:
111:
1910:
788:
680:
2791:
2701:
2340:
2263:
1651:
1327:
1323:
1257:
1164:
1073:
936:
575:
523:
402:
365:
142:
38:
31:
1117:
1018:
954:
905:
864:
856:
796:
723:
698:
639:
584:, professor and legal scholar, died of carcinoid cancer on October 5, 2011.
2724:
2714:
2403:
518:, or "carcinoma-like", to describe the unique feature of behaving like a
398:
369:
319:
throughout the gut. Over two-thirds of carcinoid tumors are found in the
312:
253:
221:
170:
158:
86:
1147:
671:
2709:
1609:
1416:
1388:
896:
879:
504:
455:
377:
293:, with 28% of all cases—per PAN-SEER data (1973–1999). The
208:
181:
154:
150:
115:
1096:
Cunningham JL, Janson ET (2011). "The
Hallmarks of Ileal Carcinoids".
2778:
2553:
2504:
1886:
1679:
1473:
1306:
1159:
554:
407:
294:
278:
177:
475:
is of little benefit and is generally not indicated. Octreotide or
364:. This is due to the over-production of many substances, including
1407:
921:"Carcinoid heart disease: presentation, diagnosis, and management"
459:
420:
338:
of a typical carcinoid tumor of the lung, with prominent rosettes.
330:
282:
127:
119:
2400:
1205:
349:
2477:
1914:
1278:
207:
About 10% of carcinoids secrete excessive levels of a range of
204:), all carcinoids are considered to have malignant potential.
169:
between tumor tissues and normal host tissues, resulting in a
1060:
Haschek, Wanda; Rousseaux, Colin; Wallig, Matthew (2013).
1062:
Haschek and
Rousseaux's Handbook of Toxicologic Pathology
1036:"ACS :: What Is a Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Tumor?"
715:
Paraneoplastic
Syndromes Related to Neuroendocrine Tumors
256:, is associated with dermatitis, dementia, and diarrhea.
211:, most notably serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), causing:
68:(center of image) that encroaches into the lumen of the
602:
Maroun J, Kocha W, Kvols L, et al. (April 2006).
1137:
2803:
2777:
2733:
2699:
2681:
2608:
2599:
2581:
2572:
2515:
2443:
2372:
2330:
2253:
2244:
2219:
2197:
2095:
2072:
2047:
2038:
1989:
1966:
1957:
1948:
1885:
1858:
1835:
1796:
1785:
1749:
1701:
1678:
1667:
1632:
1575:
1538:
1510:
1429:
1415:
1406:
1374:
1322:
1313:
1237:
1141:
969:"Medical Reviews | The Carcinoid Cancer Foundation"
80:
49:
240:The outflow of serotonin can cause a depletion of
880:"A 5-decade analysis of 13,715 carcinoid tumors"
541:
419:preparations best demonstrate the tumor cells;
72:(pathology specimen). The prominent folds are
289:. The next most commonly affected area is the
2489:
1926:
1290:
1030:
1028:
996:, Mayer RJ (March 1999). "Carcinoid tumors".
397:This is considered to be a hybrid between an
8:
763:Guilmette, Julie; Nosé, Vânia (2019-07-01).
561:secretion encourages carcinoid development.
878:Modlin IM, Lye KD, Kidd M (February 2003).
114:may occur. Carcinoid tumors of the midgut (
2605:
2578:
2496:
2482:
2474:
2250:
2044:
1963:
1954:
1933:
1919:
1911:
1793:
1675:
1426:
1412:
1319:
1297:
1283:
1275:
1138:
55:
46:
2189:Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer
944:
895:
718:. South Dartmouth (MA): MDText.com, Inc.
688:
670:
629:
619:
499:They were first characterized in 1907 by
259:This constellation of symptoms is called
196:Primary site of a carcinoid cancer of gut
27:Slow-growing type of neuroendocrine tumor
191:
2414:Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm
594:
348:Carcinoid tumors are also found in the
745:
735:
76:, a characteristic of the small bowel.
2673:Basaloid squamous cell lung carcinoma
7:
823:The Lecturio Medical Concept Library
360:Metastasis of carcinoid can lead to
307:Small intestine neuroendocrine tumor
277:They are most commonly found in the
2463:Desmoplastic small round cell tumor
1772:Papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma
2164:Polymerase proofreading-associated
1341:Combined small-cell lung carcinoma
25:
2026:Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer
37:Carcinoid is sometimes a type of
2322:Nodular regenerative hyperplasia
1110:10.1111/j.1365-2362.2011.02537.x
769:Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology
173:of clinical signs and symptoms.
106:originating in the cells of the
2844:Dermal and subcutaneous growths
1659:Syringocystadenoma papilliferum
819:"Carcinoid Tumors and Syndrome"
2424:Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm
2227:Gastrointestinal stromal tumor
2184:Familial adenomatous polyposis
1447:Familial adenomatous polyposis
655:"Carcinoid Syndrome: A Review"
1:
2691:Combined small-cell carcinoma
2653:Salivary gland–like carcinoma
2610:Non-small-cell lung carcinoma
2232:Krukenberg tumor (metastatic)
1822:Paget's disease of the breast
1764:Pancreatic serous cystadenoma
467:Lutetium (Lu) DOTA-octreotate
141:, which involve discharge of
2453:Primary peritoneal carcinoma
2127:traditional serrated adenoma
1826:Extramammary Paget's disease
1553:Multiple endocrine neoplasia
971:. 2015-11-15. Archived from
344:Typical lung carcinoid tumor
137:Sometimes, carcinoids cause
102:) is a slow-growing type of
2627:Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
2547:Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma
2393:Pancreatic ductal carcinoma
1811:Pancreatic ductal carcinoma
1728:Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
1361:Transitional cell carcinoma
1011:10.1056/NEJM199903183401107
919:Fox DJ, Khattar RS (2004).
781:10.1053/j.semdp.2019.03.002
2865:
2409:Serous microcystic adenoma
2004:Signet ring cell carcinoma
1942:Digestive system neoplasia
1868:Medullary breast carcinoma
1850:Invasive lobular carcinoma
1760:Ovarian serous cystadenoma
1711:Signet ring cell carcinoma
390:
356:Other sites and metastases
341:
304:
36:
29:
2746:Solitary pulmonary nodule
2633:Large-cell lung carcinoma
2317:Focal nodular hyperplasia
1845:Lobular carcinoma in situ
1768:Serous cystadenocarcinoma
1605:Clear-cell adenocarcinoma
1394:Bartholin gland carcinoma
1305:Glandular and epithelial
621:10.3390/curroncol13020006
544:other parts of the body.
536:World Health Organization
63:
54:
41:but is more often benign.
2663:Papillary adenocarcinoma
2564:Laryngeal papillomatosis
2542:Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
2419:Mucinous cystic neoplasm
2269:Hepatocellular carcinoma
2123:sessile serrated adenoma
1873:Medullary thyroid cancer
1806:Mammary ductal carcinoma
1741:Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
1595:Adenoid cystic carcinoma
1562:Adrenocortical carcinoma
1502:Hepatocellular carcinoma
139:paraneoplastic syndromes
30:Not to be confused with
2834:Gastrointestinal cancer
2658:Adenosquamous carcinoma
2618:Squamous-cell carcinoma
2458:Peritoneal mesothelioma
2207:Squamous cell carcinoma
1976:Squamous cell carcinoma
1351:Squamous-cell carcinoma
1074:10.1016/c2010-1-67850-9
937:10.1136/hrt.2004.040329
441:Hashimoto's thyroiditis
297:is also a common site.
202:coincidental carcinoids
2795:solitary fibrous tumor
2299:Hepatocellular adenoma
2087:Pseudomyxoma peritonei
1734:Pseudomyxoma peritonei
1558:Adrenocortical adenoma
1498:Hepatocellular adenoma
857:10.1056/NEJMcpc0804643
557:, chronically reduced
546:
514:, who coined the term
339:
321:gastrointestinal tract
317:enterochromaffin cells
197:
130:) are associated with
2643:Sarcomatoid carcinoma
2530:Esthesioneuroblastoma
1896:Acinic cell carcinoma
1620:Papillary hidradenoma
501:Siegfried Oberndorfer
393:Goblet cell carcinoid
387:Goblet cell carcinoid
334:
311:Carcinoid tumors are
195:
108:neuroendocrine system
2683:Small-cell carcinoma
2668:Giant-cell carcinoma
2304:Cavernous hemangioma
2155:Familial adenomatous
2142:Polyposis syndromes:
1724:Mucinous cystadenoma
1583:Neuroendocrine tumor
1520:Renal cell carcinoma
1356:Basal-cell carcinoma
1336:Small-cell carcinoma
531:with the discovery.
512:University of Munich
464:radiopharmaceuticals
315:that arise from the
281:at the level of the
104:neuroendocrine tumor
2761:Bronchial leiomyoma
1860:Medullary carcinoma
1346:Verrucous carcinoma
672:10.7759/cureus.7186
374:bronchoconstriction
2813:Mediastinal tumors
2638:Rhabdoid carcinoma
2364:Gallbladder cancer
2346:Cholangiocarcinoma
2286:Liver angiosarcoma
2220:Upper and/or lower
2169:Serrated polyposis
1693:Cystadenocarcinoma
1525:Endometrioid tumor
1488:Cholangiocarcinoma
1376:Complex epithelial
1366:Inverted papilloma
1238:External resources
897:10.1002/cncr.11105
571:Carcinoid syndrome
376:, and right-sided
362:carcinoid syndrome
340:
262:carcinoid syndrome
230:Abdominal cramping
198:
188:Signs and symptoms
132:carcinoid syndrome
2849:Pediatric cancers
2821:
2820:
2773:
2772:
2769:
2768:
2720:Immature teratoma
2509:respiratory tract
2471:
2470:
2439:
2438:
2431:Pancreatoblastoma
2383:exocrine pancreas
2240:
2239:
2215:
2214:
2034:
2033:
1999:Gastric carcinoma
1908:
1907:
1904:
1903:
1881:
1880:
1837:Lobular carcinoma
1781:
1780:
1628:
1627:
1402:
1401:
1272:
1271:
1098:Eur J Clin Invest
1083:978-0-12-415759-0
851:(20): 2155–2164.
522:despite having a
445:pernicious anemia
291:respiratory tract
250:Niacin deficiency
110:. In some cases,
92:
91:
74:plicae circulares
44:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
2856:
2606:
2579:
2559:Laryngeal cancer
2498:
2491:
2484:
2475:
2251:
2150:MUTYH-associated
2135:Cronkhite–Canada
2106:Colorectal polyp
2045:
2021:Linitis plastica
2009:Gastric lymphoma
1964:
1955:
1935:
1928:
1921:
1912:
1828:
1798:Ductal carcinoma
1794:
1774:
1730:
1716:Krukenberg tumor
1676:
1530:Renal oncocytoma
1442:Linitis plastica
1431:Gastrointestinal
1427:
1413:
1320:
1299:
1292:
1285:
1276:
1139:
1129:
1088:
1087:
1057:
1051:
1050:
1048:
1047:
1038:. Archived from
1032:
1023:
1022:
999:N. Engl. J. Med.
990:
984:
983:
981:
980:
965:
959:
958:
948:
916:
910:
909:
899:
875:
869:
868:
840:
834:
833:
831:
829:
815:
809:
808:
760:
754:
753:
747:
743:
741:
733:
731:
730:
709:
703:
702:
692:
674:
650:
644:
643:
633:
623:
599:
301:Gastrointestinal
269:. Occasionally,
267:carcinoid crisis
252:, also known as
235:Peripheral edema
167:cross-reactivity
165:, and/or immune
59:
47:
21:
2864:
2863:
2859:
2858:
2857:
2855:
2854:
2853:
2824:
2823:
2822:
2817:
2799:
2765:
2756:Peripheral lung
2729:
2695:
2677:
2595:
2568:
2511:
2502:
2472:
2467:
2435:
2368:
2326:
2236:
2211:
2193:
2091:
2068:
2057:Duodenal cancer
2049:Small intestine
2030:
1985:
1944:
1939:
1909:
1900:
1877:
1854:
1831:
1820:
1816:Comedocarcinoma
1789:
1787:
1777:
1758:
1745:
1722:
1697:
1671:
1669:
1663:
1634:
1624:
1571:
1534:
1506:
1479:Somatostatinoma
1422:adenocarcinomas
1420:
1398:
1384:Warthin's tumor
1370:
1309:
1303:
1273:
1268:
1267:
1233:
1232:
1150:
1136:
1131:
1104:(12): 1353–60.
1095:
1092:
1091:
1084:
1059:
1058:
1054:
1045:
1043:
1034:
1033:
1026:
992:
991:
987:
978:
976:
967:
966:
962:
918:
917:
913:
877:
876:
872:
842:
841:
837:
827:
825:
817:
816:
812:
762:
761:
757:
744:
734:
728:
726:
711:
710:
706:
652:
651:
647:
601:
600:
596:
591:
567:
551:
549:Other organisms
497:
453:
433:
395:
389:
358:
346:
329:
309:
303:
190:
100:carcinoid tumor
66:carcinoid tumor
45:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
18:Carcinoid tumor
15:
12:
11:
5:
2862:
2860:
2852:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2826:
2825:
2819:
2818:
2816:
2815:
2809:
2807:
2801:
2800:
2798:
2797:
2789:
2783:
2781:
2775:
2774:
2771:
2770:
2767:
2766:
2764:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2741:Pancoast tumor
2737:
2735:
2731:
2730:
2728:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2706:
2704:
2697:
2696:
2694:
2693:
2687:
2685:
2679:
2678:
2676:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2623:Adenocarcinoma
2620:
2614:
2612:
2603:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2593:
2591:Tracheal tumor
2587:
2585:
2576:
2570:
2569:
2567:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2550:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2533:
2532:
2527:
2521:
2519:
2513:
2512:
2507:involving the
2503:
2501:
2500:
2493:
2486:
2478:
2469:
2468:
2466:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2449:
2447:
2441:
2440:
2437:
2436:
2434:
2433:
2427:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2396:
2395:
2390:
2388:Adenocarcinoma
2378:
2376:
2370:
2369:
2367:
2366:
2354:
2353:
2351:Klatskin tumor
2348:
2336:
2334:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2324:
2319:
2307:
2306:
2301:
2289:
2288:
2283:
2281:Hepatoblastoma
2278:
2277:
2276:
2259:
2257:
2248:
2242:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2234:
2229:
2223:
2221:
2217:
2216:
2213:
2212:
2210:
2209:
2203:
2201:
2195:
2194:
2192:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2179:Adenocarcinoma
2172:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2152:
2147:
2138:
2137:
2101:
2099:
2093:
2092:
2090:
2089:
2084:
2078:
2076:
2070:
2069:
2067:
2066:
2065:
2064:
2062:Adenocarcinoma
2053:
2051:
2042:
2036:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2029:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2017:
2016:
2006:
2001:
1995:
1993:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1983:
1981:Adenocarcinoma
1978:
1972:
1970:
1961:
1952:
1946:
1945:
1940:
1938:
1937:
1930:
1923:
1915:
1906:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1899:
1898:
1892:
1890:
1883:
1882:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1875:
1870:
1864:
1862:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1852:
1847:
1841:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1829:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1802:
1800:
1791:
1783:
1782:
1779:
1778:
1776:
1775:
1755:
1753:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1743:
1738:
1737:
1736:
1720:
1719:
1718:
1707:
1705:
1699:
1698:
1696:
1695:
1685:
1683:
1673:
1665:
1664:
1662:
1661:
1656:
1655:
1654:
1649:
1638:
1636:
1635:skin appendage
1630:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1623:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1591:
1590:
1579:
1577:
1576:Other/multiple
1573:
1572:
1570:
1569:
1564:
1555:
1550:
1544:
1542:
1536:
1535:
1533:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1516:
1514:
1508:
1507:
1505:
1504:
1495:
1493:Klatskin tumor
1490:
1484:
1483:
1482:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1450:
1449:
1444:
1435:
1433:
1424:
1410:
1404:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1397:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1380:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1332:
1330:
1317:
1311:
1310:
1304:
1302:
1301:
1294:
1287:
1279:
1270:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1254:
1242:
1241:
1239:
1235:
1234:
1231:
1230:
1219:
1208:
1197:
1186:
1171:
1151:
1146:
1145:
1143:
1142:Classification
1135:
1134:External links
1132:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1082:
1066:Academic Press
1052:
1024:
1005:(11): 858–68.
985:
960:
931:(10): 1224–8.
911:
870:
835:
810:
775:(4): 229–239.
755:
704:
645:
593:
592:
590:
587:
586:
585:
579:
573:
566:
563:
550:
547:
496:
493:
452:
449:
432:
429:
391:Main article:
388:
385:
357:
354:
342:Main article:
336:Histopathology
328:
325:
305:Main article:
302:
299:
265:or (if acute)
238:
237:
232:
227:
224:
219:
189:
186:
163:growth factors
90:
89:
84:
78:
77:
61:
60:
52:
51:
43:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2861:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2831:
2829:
2814:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2806:
2802:
2796:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2784:
2782:
2780:
2776:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2738:
2736:
2732:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2703:
2698:
2692:
2689:
2688:
2686:
2684:
2680:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2628:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2613:
2611:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2598:
2592:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2584:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2571:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2551:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2499:
2494:
2492:
2487:
2485:
2480:
2479:
2476:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2450:
2448:
2446:
2442:
2432:
2429:
2428:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2406:
2405:
2402:
2398:
2397:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2380:
2379:
2377:
2375:
2371:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2356:
2355:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2338:
2337:
2335:
2333:
2332:Biliary tract
2329:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2309:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2291:
2290:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2275:
2274:Fibrolamellar
2272:
2271:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2261:
2260:
2258:
2256:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2243:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2224:
2222:
2218:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2196:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2174:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2136:
2132:
2131:Peutz–Jeghers
2128:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2094:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2071:
2063:
2060:
2059:
2058:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2050:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2037:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2015:
2014:MALT lymphoma
2012:
2011:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1988:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1971:
1969:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1936:
1931:
1929:
1924:
1922:
1917:
1916:
1913:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1884:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1857:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1838:
1834:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1803:
1801:
1799:
1795:
1792:
1790:and medullary
1784:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1756:
1754:
1752:
1748:
1742:
1739:
1735:
1732:
1731:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1714:
1713:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1700:
1694:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1677:
1674:
1666:
1660:
1657:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1643:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1631:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1584:
1581:
1580:
1578:
1574:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1543:
1541:
1537:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1509:
1503:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1485:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1455:
1452:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1418:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1405:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1373:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1300:
1295:
1293:
1288:
1286:
1281:
1280:
1277:
1264:
1260:
1259:
1255:
1253:
1249:
1248:
1244:
1243:
1240:
1236:
1229:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1209:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1196:
1192:
1191:
1187:
1185:
1181:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1152:
1149:
1144:
1140:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1085:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1056:
1053:
1042:on 2016-11-05
1041:
1037:
1031:
1029:
1025:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1001:
1000:
995:
989:
986:
975:on 2015-11-15
974:
970:
964:
961:
956:
952:
947:
942:
938:
934:
930:
926:
922:
915:
912:
907:
903:
898:
893:
890:(4): 934–59.
889:
885:
881:
874:
871:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
839:
836:
824:
820:
814:
811:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
759:
756:
751:
739:
725:
721:
717:
716:
708:
705:
700:
696:
691:
686:
682:
678:
673:
668:
664:
660:
656:
649:
646:
641:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
613:
609:
605:
598:
595:
588:
583:
580:
577:
574:
572:
569:
568:
564:
562:
560:
556:
548:
545:
540:
537:
534:In 2000, the
532:
530:
529:Otto Lubarsch
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
506:
502:
494:
492:
488:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
468:
465:
461:
457:
450:
448:
446:
442:
438:
430:
428:
426:
422:
418:
413:
409:
404:
400:
394:
386:
384:
382:
381:valve disease
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
355:
353:
351:
345:
337:
333:
326:
324:
322:
318:
314:
308:
300:
298:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
275:
272:
268:
264:
263:
257:
255:
251:
247:
243:
236:
233:
231:
228:
225:
223:
220:
217:
214:
213:
212:
210:
205:
203:
194:
187:
185:
183:
179:
174:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
135:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
88:
85:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
64:Picture of a
62:
58:
53:
48:
40:
33:
19:
2787:Mesothelioma
2751:Central lung
2525:Nasal cavity
2399:
2381:
2357:
2339:
2310:
2292:
2262:
2175:
2141:
2115:hyperplastic
2104:
2097:Colon/rectum
2081:
1647:Hidrocystoma
1641:
1587:
1567:HĂĽrthle cell
1548:Prolactinoma
1453:
1438:
1256:
1245:
1221:
1210:
1199:
1188:
1173:
1154:
1101:
1097:
1094:
1061:
1055:
1044:. Retrieved
1040:the original
1002:
997:
988:
977:. Retrieved
973:the original
963:
928:
924:
914:
887:
883:
873:
848:
845:N Engl J Med
844:
838:
826:. Retrieved
822:
813:
772:
768:
758:
727:. Retrieved
714:
707:
665:(3): e7186.
662:
658:
648:
614:(2): 67–76.
611:
607:
597:
582:Derrick Bell
559:gastric acid
553:Specific to
552:
542:
533:
520:benign tumor
515:
498:
489:
481:somatostatin
473:Chemotherapy
471:
454:
437:achlorhydria
434:
396:
359:
347:
310:
276:
266:
260:
258:
248:deficiency.
239:
206:
201:
199:
175:
136:
99:
95:
93:
65:
2839:Lung cancer
2805:Mediastinum
2734:By location
2537:Nasopharynx
2359:gallbladder
2312:hyperplasia
1689:Cystadenoma
1642:sweat gland
1633:Adnexal and
1464:Glucagonoma
1247:MedlinePlus
746:|work=
508:pathologist
417:cytokeratin
271:haemorrhage
244:leading to
70:small bowel
2828:Categories
2445:Peritoneum
1672:and serous
1615:Cylindroma
1600:Oncocytoma
1512:Urogenital
1469:Gastrinoma
1459:Insulinoma
1315:Epithelium
1223:DiseasesDB
1046:2011-06-02
979:2023-09-11
729:2023-02-19
608:Curr Oncol
589:References
516:karzinoide
485:Interferon
477:lanreotide
425:peritoneum
285:or in the
242:tryptophan
147:vasoactive
145:and other
112:metastasis
2792:Malignant
2702:carcinoma
2648:Carcinoid
2404:neoplasms
2341:bile duct
2264:malignant
2246:Accessory
2176:Neoplasm:
2159:Gardner's
2082:Carcinoid
1968:Esophagus
1670:mucinous,
1652:Syringoma
1588:Carcinoid
1540:Endocrine
1328:carcinoma
1324:Papilloma
1258:eMedicine
789:0740-2570
748:ignored (
738:cite book
681:2168-8184
576:Don Meyer
524:malignant
451:Treatment
403:endocrine
366:serotonin
159:cytokines
143:serotonin
96:carcinoid
82:Specialty
50:Carcinoid
39:carcinoma
32:Chancroid
2725:Melanoma
2715:Lymphoma
2574:Lower RT
2517:Upper RT
2374:Pancreas
2145:Juvenile
2119:juvenile
2074:Appendix
1950:GI tract
1788:lobular,
1703:Mucinous
1454:pancreas
1417:Adenomas
1126:31500259
1118:21605115
1019:10080850
994:Kulke MH
955:15367531
906:12569593
865:19005200
805:85514650
797:30910348
724:25905358
699:32257725
640:17576444
565:See also
399:exocrine
370:diarrhea
313:apudomas
287:appendix
254:pellagra
226:Wheezing
222:Diarrhea
216:Flushing
209:hormones
171:syndrome
155:hormones
151:peptides
124:appendix
87:Oncology
2710:Sarcoma
2583:Trachea
2111:adenoma
1991:Stomach
1786:Ductal,
1682:general
1668:Cystic,
1610:Apudoma
1389:Thymoma
1263:med/271
1217:D002276
1195:M8240/3
946:1768473
690:7124884
631:1891174
555:rodents
539:states:
510:at the
495:History
456:Surgery
378:cardiac
182:stomach
116:jejunum
2779:Pleura
2554:Larynx
2505:Cancer
2401:cystic
2294:benign
1887:Acinar
1751:Serous
1680:Cystic
1474:VIPoma
1439:tract:
1408:Glands
1307:cancer
1252:000347
1206:114900
1184:209.60
1124:
1116:
1080:
1017:
953:
943:
904:
884:Cancer
863:
828:5 July
803:
795:
787:
722:
697:
687:
679:
659:Cureus
638:
628:
505:German
443:, and
412:stroma
408:muscle
295:rectum
279:midgut
246:niacin
178:rectum
126:, and
98:(also
2255:Liver
2040:Lower
1959:Upper
1190:ICD-O
1169:E34.0
1122:S2CID
925:Heart
801:S2CID
460:liver
431:Cause
421:mucin
350:lungs
283:ileum
128:cecum
120:ileum
2700:Non-
2601:Lung
2199:Anus
1889:cell
1228:2040
1212:MeSH
1201:OMIM
1179:9-CM
1114:PMID
1078:ISBN
1015:PMID
951:PMID
902:PMID
861:PMID
830:2021
793:PMID
785:ISSN
750:help
720:PMID
695:PMID
677:ISSN
636:PMID
503:, a
410:and
401:and
327:Lung
180:and
1175:ICD
1165:C75
1156:ICD
1106:doi
1070:doi
1007:doi
1003:340
941:PMC
933:doi
892:doi
853:doi
849:359
777:doi
685:PMC
667:doi
626:PMC
616:doi
2830::
2407::
2133:,
2129:,
2125:,
2121:,
2117:,
2113:,
1824:/
1770:/
1766:/
1762:/
1726:/
1261::
1250::
1226::
1215::
1204::
1193::
1182::
1167:,
1163::
1160:10
1120:.
1112:.
1102:41
1100:.
1076:.
1068:.
1064:.
1027:^
1013:.
949:.
939:.
929:90
927:.
923:.
900:.
888:97
886:.
882:.
859:.
847:.
821:.
799:.
791:.
783:.
773:36
771:.
767:.
742::
740:}}
736:{{
693:.
683:.
675:.
663:12
661:.
657:.
634:.
624:.
612:13
610:.
606:.
447:.
439:,
372:,
352:.
323:.
161:,
157:,
153:,
134:.
122:,
118:,
94:A
2629:)
2625:(
2497:e
2490:t
2483:v
2385::
2361::
2343::
2314::
2296::
2266::
2157:/
2108::
1934:e
1927:t
1920:v
1691:/
1560:/
1500:/
1419:/
1326:/
1298:e
1291:t
1284:v
1177:-
1158:-
1148:D
1128:.
1108::
1086:.
1072::
1049:.
1021:.
1009::
982:.
957:.
935::
908:.
894::
867:.
855::
832:.
807:.
779::
752:)
732:.
701:.
669::
642:.
618::
479:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
