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in many countries across the world. Its range includes but is not limited to: Argentina, Australia, Canada, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Gabon, Great
Britain, India, Japan, Laos, Madagascar, Mexico, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Philippines, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Turkmenistan, United
473:
Other common or country names include lamb's cress, land cress, hoary bitter cress, spring cress, flick weed, and shot weed, Alabama slapweed (or lambscress, landcress, hoary bittercress, springcress, flickweed, and shotweed). Some of these common names may be shared with other plants in the family
278:
of leaves at the base of the stem, while there may be leaves on the upright stem, most of the leaves will be part of the basal rosette. The leaves in this rosette are pinnately divided into 8–15 leaflets which have short stems connecting them to the petiole. These basal leaves are often
405:
These conditions are prevalent in nursery or garden centre plants, and hairy bittercress seeds may be introduced with those plants. Once established, it is difficult to eradicate. The tiny flowers are attractive to a few early butterflies, including (in the United States) spring azure
401:
It is commonly found in damp, recently disturbed soil, open ground, turf and waste places and native to Europe, the Middle East, South Asia, Southeast Asia, Central Asia, North Africa, Central Africa, and the Horn of Africa.
860:
279:
3.5–15 cm long. The leaflets are round to ovate in shape and may have smooth or dentate edges. The leaflet at the tip of the leaf (terminal leaflet) will be larger than the other leaflets and round to
298:
Plants of this species are usually erect and grow to no more than about 30 centimetres (12 in) from a stem which is either unbranched or branched near the base. The small white flowers are borne in a
436:
records that it was also called "Lady's Smock" and that "This and other species afford excellent pot-herbs when luxuriant and flaccid. The present one is a common weed almost throughout the world."
334:
which are straight and 1.5–2.5 cm long and 1–1.4mm in diameter. When the fruit is ripe the valves on the siliquae will coil tightly from the bottom to the top after being touched and
283:
in shape. The cauline (attached to the upright stem) leaves are also pinnately divided, with fewer leaflets, and generally smaller than the basal leaves; these leaves will be borne on a
940:"Cardamine hirsuta (Bittercress, Flick Weed, Hairy Bittercress, Hoary Bittercress, Lamb's Cress, Land Cress, Shot Weed, Springcress) | North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox"
307:
and often continuing to flower as the first seeds ripen. The flowers have 4 white petals (which may be lacking but are mostly present) which are 1.5–4.5 mm long and
1280:
1502:
1342:
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of equal height instead of the 6 which are found in most closely related plants. Pollen grains are elongated, approximately 32 microns in length.
1463:
1391:
915:
658:
555:
1619:
1119:
980:
698:
548:
Wildflowers of
Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians: the official field guide of the Tennessee Native Plant Society
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may complete two generations in a year, one in the spring and one in the fall; also depending on the climate, the seeds may
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in the fall and the plants may remain green throughout the winter before flowering in the spring. It often grows a
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which are oblong shaped and 1.5–2.5 mm long and .3–.7 mm wide. The seeds are borne in upright pointing
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and are 1.2–5.5 cm long. The stems, petioles, and upper surfaces of the cauline leaves are sparsely hairy.
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The leaves, flowers, and seedpods are edible raw or cooked, and are said to have a mild peppery taste.
387:
the fruits do not overtop the younger flowers. The fruits grow in a thin pod arranged as a single row.
785:
1383:
1127:
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343:
338:, sending the seeds flying far from the parent plant. This seed dispersal strategy is referred to as
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712:"Taxonomy of the genus Cardamine L. (Cruciferae) in the Carpathians and Pannonia. III"
247:
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176:
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239:, and is edible as a salad green. It is common in moist areas around the world.
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Gledhill, David (2008). "The Names of Plants". Cambridge
University Press.
546:
Dennis Horn; David Duhl; Thomas
Ellsworth Hemmerly; Tavia Cathcart (2005).
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967:
907:
Foraging
Washington: Finding, Identifying, and Preparing Edible Wild Foods
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Webb, D.A., Parnell, J. and Doogue, D. 1996. Dundalgan Press Ltd.
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653:(2 ed.). Philadelphia Pa: University of Pennsylvania press.
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stems are hairless and the leaves do not clasp the stems, as in
304:
1132:
989:
862:
The useful native plants of
Australia : Including Tasmania
764:(Third ed.). Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press.
16:
Species of flowering plant in the cabbage family
Brassicaceae
811:"Plants Profile for Cardamine hirsuta (hairy bittercress)"
235:, is an annual or biennial species of plant in the family
485:, the plant is cited as one of the herbs invoked in the
998:
570:Clapham, A.R., Tutin, T.G. and Warburg, E.F. 1968.
649:Rhoads, Ann; Block, Timothy (5 September 2007).
550:. Edmonton: Lone Pine Publishers. p. 112.
478:, and are therefore of limited usefulness. As
8:
874:
872:
986:
29:
20:
836:"Tropicos | Name – !Cardamine hirsuta L."
523:"Tropicos | Name – !Cardamine hirsuta L."
303:without any bracts, soon followed by the
514:
644:
642:
591:
589:
587:
572:Excursion Flora of the British Isles.
455:' name for cress. It is derived from
434:The Useful Native Plants of Australia
357:Hairy bittercress is very similar to
191:
7:
1544:cbdb46ec-1fe4-4f57-9f9a-c01c2f498047
1384:2abc06ba-29f0-437d-a9e1-719d1837ad9b
393:has a chromosome number of 2n = 16.
209:(Hayata) T.S. Liu & S.S. Ying
14:
689:Parnell, J. and Curtis, T. 2012.
379:has 6 stamens, and the fruits of
1482:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:280380-1
981:Burke Herbarium Image Collection
966:
429:States, Venezuela, and Vietnam.
311:shaped. The flowers also have 4
42:
910:. Guilford, CT: Falcon Guides.
865:. Turner and Henderson, Sydney.
494:, recorded in the 10th century.
383:overtop the flowers whereas in
762:New Flora of the British Isles
326:Below the flowers there are 4
1:
904:Nyerges, Christopher (2017).
710:Marhold, Karol (1995-06-01).
574:Cambridge. University Press.
791:. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
363:. Some differences are that
1620:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
465:means "hairy" or "hirsute".
1636:
789:Plants of the World Online
651:The Plants of Pennsylvania
412:) and falcate orange-tip (
693:. Cork University Press.
266:Depending on the climate
190:
183:
166:
159:
39:Scientific classification
37:
28:
23:
1615:Plants described in 1753
894:(paperback). pp 91, 201
397:Habitat and distribution
371:. It usually has only 4
786:"Cardamine hirsuta L."
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323:
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859:J. H. Maiden (1889).
691:Webb's An Irish Flora
352:
321:
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261:
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194:Cardamine multicaulis
977:at Wikimedia Commons
440:Etymology and naming
344:rapid plant movement
944:plants.ces.ncsu.edu
445:Binomial etymology
728:10.1007/BF02803971
360:Cardamine flexuosa
355:
324:
296:
264:
262:Flowers and leaves
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231:, commonly called
202:Cardamine scutata
24:Hairy bittercress
1577:
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1433:Cardamine hirsuta
1420:Cardamine_hirsuta
1405:Open Tree of Life
1361:Cardamine~hirsuta
1198:Cardamine hirsuta
1120:Cardamine_hirsuta
1030:Cardamine hirsuta
1000:Cardamine hirsuta
992:Taxon identifiers
974:Cardamine hirsuta
971:Media related to
917:978-1-4930-2534-3
716:Folia Geobotanica
660:978-0-8122-4003-0
557:978-1-55105-428-5
487:pagan Anglo-Saxon
422:Cardamine hirsuta
415:Anthocharis midea
391:Cardamine hirsuta
342:and is a type of
336:burst explosively
252:Cardamine hirsuta
233:hairy bittercress
228:Cardamine hirsuta
224:
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214:Cardamine umbrosa
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170:Cardamine hirsuta
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758:Stace, C. A.
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18:
1456:kew-2699855
1317:NatureServe
1255:iNaturalist
1024:Wikispecies
480:Old English
453:Dioscorides
385:C. flexuosa
377:C. flexuosa
243:Description
118:Brassicales
82:Angiosperms
1584:Categories
1451:Plant List
1091:Calflora:
949:2024-03-24
679:0852211317
580:0521046564
509:References
426:introduced
381:C. hirsuta
369:C.flexuosa
365:C. hirsuta
340:ballochory
268:C. hirsuta
1590:Cardamine
1211:200009312
1185:200009312
1167:FloraBase
926:965922681
736:1874-9348
449:Cardamine
424:has been
309:spatulate
272:germinate
206:formosana
146:Species:
139:Cardamine
52:Kingdom:
1539:VicFlora
1528:VASCAN:
1516:Tropicos
1417:PalDat:
1356:NSWFlora
1322:2.154556
1286:10958352
1273:280380-1
1115:eFloraSA
1081:BioLib:
1009:Wikidata
795:18 April
760:(2010).
744:33850922
375:, while
332:siliquae
281:reniform
185:Synonyms
124:Family:
95:Eudicots
1521:4100096
1369:NTFlora
1234:3046258
1015:Q157926
844:23 June
820:23 June
631:23 June
606:23 June
531:23 June
463:Hirsuta
373:stamens
313:stamens
285:petiole
276:rosette
254:flowers
134:Genus:
114:Order:
56:Plantae
1508:2874-3
1495:121158
1464:PLANTS
1410:608999
1381:NZOR:
1247:450098
1221:carhir
1218:FoIO:
1159:164245
1133:584088
1074:108695
1058:APDB:
1038:AoFP:
924:
914:
890:
882:
768:
742:
734:
697:
677:
657:
578:
554:
353:Pollen
328:sepals
301:raceme
294:Fruits
108:Rosids
1551:WoI:
1503:SANBI
1469:CAHI3
1440:PFI:
1392:NZPCN
1348:50463
1299:22797
1281:IRMNG
1260:55829
1193:FoAO2
1154:EUNIS
1146:CARHI
1084:39089
1061:77676
1048:APA:
740:S2CID
483:stune
457:Greek
322:Seeds
305:seeds
102:Clade
89:Clade
76:Clade
63:Clade
1554:1599
1531:3954
1477:POWO
1443:1431
1428:PfaF
1397:4151
1343:NCBI
1294:ITIS
1268:IPNI
1242:GRIN
1229:GBIF
1172:3005
1141:EPPO
1107:R4F5
1094:1486
1069:APNI
1051:1233
1041:1285
922:OCLC
912:ISBN
888:ISBN
880:ISBN
846:2016
822:2016
797:2024
766:ISBN
732:ISSN
695:ISBN
675:ISBN
655:ISBN
633:2016
608:2016
576:ISBN
552:ISBN
533:2016
501:Uses
204:var.
1562:WFO
1490:RHS
1374:874
1330:NBN
1309:628
1206:FoC
1180:FNA
1128:EoL
1102:CoL
724:doi
451:is
418:).
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920:.
871:^
813:.
738:.
730:.
720:30
718:.
714:.
641:^
624:.
599:.
586:^
346:.
177:L.
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91::
78::
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406:(
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