4028:, unsatisfied by the CCC's financial audit report, invited the TMBA to apply for funding to operate and manage Caribana for 2006. In the end, a city-appointed committee, the Festival Management Committee (FMC), in arrangement with the CCC board members, agreed to organize Caribana for one year. The proposed structure of the FMC’s board of directors was to include: two representatives from the TMBA, one representative from the OSA, one representative from the CPA, and seven additional members chosen by the festival’s stakeholders, including the CCC. The Caribana Arts Group (CAG), which succeeded the CCC in 2005, applied but was denied funding to resume its organization of Caribana. In 2006, the FMC board included two members of the CAG; however, both representatives withdrew from the board in 2010.
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water-colored paints in the tradition of the
Caribbean-based J'ouvert celebrations. In many instances, everyone in the band is supposed to resemble evil spirits while parading around at night. There are some common characters that are a part of Afro-Caribbean folklore and include things like Red Devils (people covered in red paints), Blue Devils (people covered in blue paints), Green devils, Black devils ( Jab Jab -traditionally portrayed in the Island of Grenada), Yellow devils, White devils, (usually people throwing baby powder or flour.) or people just covered in other concoctions which are supposed to resemble mud or oil.
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3910:, Caribana showcases multiple cultures and traditions from same heritage backgrounds coming together to celebrate their heritage ties (namely, Afro-Caribbeana persons of African descent born or living in a Caribbean nation). Caribana's roots has links to slavery and the struggle for emancipation, as well as post-colonial pan-Caribbean influence of the 1960s. Following the carnival format, particularly that of the
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trademarked in 1977, following unsuccessful attempts to reach a licensing agreement. As the successor organization of the CCC, the CAG is the trademark holder to "Caribana." Following the settlement of the trademark infringement in 2011, the festival’s name was changed to "Scotiabank
Caribbean Carnival." The name changed to "Toronto Caribbean Carnival" in 2015 when Scotiabank discontinued their sponsorship.
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Caribbean
Committee for Cultural Advancement (CCAC) in 1968 when they decided that the event should be an annual celebration. One year later, the CCAC incorporated as the Caribbean Cultural Committee (CCC). This group consisted of ten individuals with its board members mostly made up of expatriate-Caribbean nationals living in Canada. One of these members was Trinidadian-born librarian
4052:(WIPO) ruled that Scotiabank, as the sponsors of the Caribana festival, did not have grounds for being awarded the domain name caribana.com from its current owners the Working Word Co-operative. In 2011, the Ontario Superior Court Of Justice ruled that the Caribana Arts Group (CAG), the successors of Caribbean Cultural Committee (CCC), has legal rights to the name Caribana.
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3875:. Billing itself as a multicultural nation, the Canadian government invited ethno-cultural groups to contribute celebrations with representations of their ethnic diversity. Caribana emerged during a time when many Caribbean residents emigrated to Canada following immigration reform, internationally acclaimed singers were popularizing Caribbean music (for example
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In the 1970s, the parade route originally followed Bloor and Yonge
Streets ending at Toronto City Hall concluding with a concert at Nathan Phillips Square. In the 1980s, the parade ran along Bay and University Avenue. Since 1991, when the parade shifted to Lake Shore Boulevard into Exhibition Place,
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to be held outside of the
Caribbean region. Economic studies estimate that the festival contributes approximately $ 400 million into Ontario's economy each year with the Federal Government being the largest beneficiary. The participation demographics of over 1.2 million attendees indicates that 58%
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By the early 2000s, several organizations formed which represented different groups involved in
Caribana. The TMBA oversaw the making and promotion of mas bands and represented their interests. The Ontario Steelpan Association (OSA), organized in 2002, did the same for the steelpan musicians. These
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As the festival became a permanent annual event, the festival organization became dependent on borrowing money from the City of
Toronto prior to the festival, to be repaid out of festival profits (if any) afterwards. By 1992, the festival had built up a debt to the City. The City of Toronto forgave
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In 1970, the
Carnival Development Association (CDA) organized a different festival under the name “Carnival Extravaganza.” The Carnival was created in response to the CCC's Caribana, which celebrated a pan-Caribbean culture and the Black Canadian identity. The CDA’s intention was to make a Carnival
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bands, and persons using improvised musical instruments. It is not usually accompanied by any singing but will have a lot of whistles and other music makers. Spectators and or persons "playing Mas" will occasionally get themselves covered from head-to-toe with mud, flour, baby powder, or different
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parades are also an influence on
Caribana. Emancipation Day Parades began to celebrate the liberation of the enslaved throughout the Americas and were largely observed around the same time as the Calypso Carnivals. The founders of this parade were largely descendants of fugitive slaves and other
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Plans for the first
Caribana began in February 1966, when a group from Toronto’s West Indian community came together in an abandoned firehall on Bathurst Street and formed a celebration for Canada’s centennial. The group, originally named the Caribbean Centennial Committee, transformed into the
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In 1997, the bandleaders threatened to boycott the parade if they were not paid for the year’s previous festival and provided with the necessary seed-money to fund production for 1997. The bandleaders were organized under the Ontario Mas Producers Association (OMPA) and the Toronto Mas Makers
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By 1980, the two organizing committees came together and the CCC once again was the sole organizing committee of Caribana. During this decade, the competing interests of the Metro police, city officials, and the corporate sponsors of Caribana threatened to overshadow the CCC's leadership. For
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The bands are the most important part of the main Carnival parade. Each band displays an artistic theme through costume-making. In competition with one another during the parade, they pass a judging spot which will rate each band section for its costume design, the energy of masqueraders, the
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Due to an ongoing dispute about the ownership of the trademark "Caribana," the 2006 festival was promoted as "the Toronto Caribbean Carnival (Caribana)". In 2009, the festival was advertised as the "Scotiabank Caribana Festival" which resulted in a trademark lawsuit from CAG, as Caribana was
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Black American immigrants. The parades were marked as a Black victory over the British and operated as a military-style event, displaying military regalia, marching bands, and drum corps. Emancipation Day Parades became the most notable displays by and for Black Canadians prior to Caribana.
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The junior carnival (commonly known as Kiddie Carnival) has run since, at least, the 1990s and provides an opportunity for young masquerades to dance through the streets. Similar to the grand parade, the junior carnival consists of a series of bands with leaders who display costumes in
4135:; consequently, it took place in a "virtual format" on July 3, 2020. In order to accommodate restrictions during the pandemic during the summer of 2021, the festival pivoted to a foodie event with steel pans and masqueraders and replaced the grande parade with a food truck festival.
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The festival continued without a naming sponsor until 2017, when Peeks became the new title sponsor and the festival became the Peeks Toronto Caribbean Carnival. In June 2019, Peeks' title sponsorship was removed and the festival was called the Toronto Caribbean Carnival for 2019.
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3969:(the first Black judge of the Federal Court of Appeal) were among the community leaders who organized the first Caribana. The CCC changed its name to the Caribbean Committee for Cultural Advancement (CCCA) in 1968 and Caribbean Cultural Committee (CCC) in 1969.
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Scotiabank's unsuccessful attempt to gain control of the potentially lucrative website name became the basis for a case before the global tribunal that resolves such domain name disputes – a case that lawyers say could have set a wide-ranging and controversial
3933:. From 1952 to 1964, CANEWA produced, funded, and hosted these annual one-day celebrations of Caribbean culture through food, dance, and music as fundraisers for scholarships to assist Black students to attend recently desegregated schools in southern Ontario.
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In 2001, the City of Toronto granted permits for the TMBA to organize the parade. In 2002, the parade and king and queen crowning were also organized by the TMBA. The following year, the CCC was again the sole organizer of Caribana’s events.
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The name Caribana was invented by the organizers to capture the notions of Canada, the Caribbean, bacchanal and merrymaking. A naming dispute arose over the use of "Caribana." The Caribbean Cultural Committee claimed that it legally held the
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has actively participated in Caribana since 1977 and has been awarded the Band of the Year twenty times. A King and Queen of the Band is also judged, and winning is considered claiming the biggest prize of the festival.
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In 1991, the Caribana parade was moved to Exhibition Place and Lakeshore Boulevard. Previously, participants jumped up and played mas down Yonge Street or University Avenue on their way to the Toronto Islands.
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the entire outstanding debt after the 1992 event. The same year, Caribana developed a new partnership with Toronto-area hotels. In 1993, the organization fired its operating chief. Following
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creativity of presentation and so on. Work on the costumes begin soon after the previous year's celebration and usually takes one full year to complete all of the costumes. As of 2017,
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3729:. In Caribbean French-creole this means "day open" or morning. The J'ouvert portion of Carnival is the more rhythmic part of the Carnival celebration and is usually featured with
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which was more “authentic” and reflected Trinidadian culture. In 1974 and 1976, the province turned down an application by the CCC and gave a substantial sum to the CDA.
263:. The main stakeholders of the events are the Toronto Mas' Bands Association, the Organization of Calypso Performing Artistes, and the Ontario Steelpan Association.
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291:(such as Austin Clarke's "Children of the Scheme" which dealt with the plight of Caribbean women who came to Canada on the domestic immigrant worker scheme); and
5119:"York University Libraries | Clara Thomas Archives & Special Collections online exhibits | Caribana buttons · The Jean Augustine Political Button Collection"
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3833:(Carnival Ball): The gala, debuted in 2008, is an evening of elegance celebrating Carnival music, arts, and the works of the pioneers of the Caribana festival.
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3989:'s performance in 1997, many observers raised concerns regarding cultural retention and festival organizers' moral-cultural responsibility. At launch in
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This was introduced in 2017 to allow the Younger kids to showcase Jr King and Queen's at Malvern Town Centre before the Jr Grand Parade & Family Day.
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from 2011 to 2015). In October 2015, Scotiabank announced that it would end its sponsorship with Toronto's Caribbean Carnival parade after six years.
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4001:. With attendance down, the board chair blamed the federal and provincial tourism ministries for not funding their American advertising campaign.
248:'s largest Festival, frequented by over 1.3 million tourists each year for the festival's Grand Parade and an overall attendance of 2.3 million.
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of Trinidad and Tobago worked with Caribbean Cultural Committee to increase support from the business community; the committee received around
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example, in 1985, the police recommended moving the popular Olympic Island picnic event to the mainland but the picnics continued until 2009.
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has been awarded Queen of the Carnival nine times and was subject of "Becoming a Queen" a ninety minute documentary which screened at the
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associations, which also included the Ontario Calypso Performing Artistes (OCPA), formed in 1981, became key stakeholders in Caribana.
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calls the event a "beacon of hope" for all Canadians, as a symbol of racial harmony. "Carry a Can to Caribana" launched, in support of
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3759:(parties): Leading up to the main parade a number of Caribbean music artists perform in Toronto. These parties are generally called "
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and over one million individuals from the United States. Approximately 72% of participants have previously attended Caribana.
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that year from the national, provincial, and city governments, but it cost about twice that to run the festival. In 2006, the
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being played from large speakers on the flat-bed of 18 wheeler trucks. Much of the music associated with the event, such as
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event is the final weekend which is punctuated by the street Parade of Bands. This weekend traditionally coincides with the
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In May 2010, the festival added a new initiative to involve post-secondary schools. The only college to participate was
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has led a band since his brother recruited him from the Trinidad Carnival to help organize the first Caribana in 1967.
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In 2019 UNESCO the Canadian Commission officially recognizes the festival and names it a Cultural heritage property.
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Caribana has run annually since 1967, first performed as a gift from Canada's Caribbean community, as a tribute to
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The founding organizers' goal of using festival profits to create a Black community centre remain unfulfilled.
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Phillip, Lyndon (2007). "Reading Caribana 1997: Black Youth, Puff Daddy, Style, and DiasporaTransformations".
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Phillip, Lyndon. “Reading Caribana 1997: Black Youth, Puff Daddy, Style, and Diaspora Transformations” 2007.
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In addition to the main parade, the Caribbean community also celebrates a smaller pre-dawn parade known as
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4706:"Film about Toronto Carnival takes centre stage at this year's CaribbeanTales International Film Festival"
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in August. The street Parade of Bands consists of costumed dancers (called "Mas players") along with live
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The night before the grande parade, all the kings and queens (leaders) of the bands compete on stage at
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School of Hospitality, Tourism and Culture, where they created a costume theme of the Tropical Amazon.
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Sutton, Robert (January 20, 1986). "Caribana will stay on Islands despite police pleas, group says".
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4302:"African Canadian Online: An Online Resource by the Centre for the Study of Black Cultures in Canada"
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Talk tents contain shows featuring storytellers, comedians and others well versed in oral traditions.
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Caribana also taps into the legacy of the pre-Lenten Calypso Carnival celebrations organized by the
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along the parade route. In 2009, barricades were introduced to separate the spectators from those
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Several events occur over the course of the festivities celebrating Caribbean culture. While the
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Association (TMMA). The OMPA would become the Toronto Mas Band Association (TMBA) in 2000.
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5576:"Toronto Staff Report: 2006 Cultural Grant Allocation to the Toronto Mas Band Association"
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Beginning in July, the multi-week festivities lead up to the parade which occurs over the
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3763:", for a French-Creole Caribbean word meaning "festival", and usually start in June/July.
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is the most-well known festivities, events vary per year and in the past has included
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in Barbados, and other similar festivals in Cuba, Haiti, and the Dominican Republic.
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While the Caribbean Festival holds events over several weeks, the culmination of the
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long weekend, the first weekend in August. The festival also coincides with August 1
245:
5435:
MacKinnon, Donna Jean (August 5, 1993). "Caribana draws grumbles and rave reviews".
5360:
Small, Peter; Jane Armstrong (August 11, 1992). "Caribana expecting bigger profit".
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6442:
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5602:"Toronto Caribbean Carnival [Caribana]: 2006 Report to the City of Toronto"
5482:"Toronto Caribbean Carnival [Caribana]: 2006 Report to the City of Toronto"
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399:
5229:"In photos: a 50-year retrospective of Toronto Caribbean Carnival - NOW Magazine"
6253:
4894:"Photo of some "Blue Devils" during the 2007 Cricket World Cup-In the Caribbean"
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4327:"50 years later, the beat goes on for the city's Caribbean festival | CBC News"
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3914:, Caribana's Caribbean influences include traditions from many of the islands:
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4819:"Trinidad & Tobago's Folklore and Legends The Mayaro Soucouyant (Archive)"
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The 2020 and 2021 editions of the event were cancelled because of the global
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Dreams by Caribbean & Canadian Cultural Club (The 4 C's)/Louis Saldenah
332:
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229:
5774:"Toronto Caribbean Carnival 2020 cancelled due to the coronavirus pandemic"
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Depradine, Lincoln (April 10, 1997). "Lack of funding threatens Caribana".
5291:
The Caribana Festival: Continuity, Change, Crisis, and an Alternative Music
5256:
The Caribana Festival: Continuity, Change, Crisis, and an Alternative Music
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The Caribana Festival: Continuity, Change, Crisis, and an Alternative Music
5063:"Fifty years of celebrating island culture at Toronto's Caribbean Carnival"
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Started in 1980, this judged event crowns a Calypso Monarch for the year.
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Jackson, Peter. "The politics of the streets: a geography of Caribana".
4846:"Of Myths Folklore and Legends – The Story of Lougarous and Soukouyants"
4484:"Louis Saldenah wins Toronto Caribbean Carnival top prize for 18th time"
4459:"Louis Saldenah named Toronto Caribbean Carnival top band for 20th time"
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5558:"The festival for all – Envoy targets Board of Trade to boost Caribana"
5190:
Polyphony: The Bulletin of the Multicultural History Society of Ontario
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Depradine, Lincoln (April 24, 1997). "Top bands out of Caribana '97".
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Trinidad Carnival: The Cultural Politics of a Transnational Festival
5336:"50 years later, the beat goes on for the city's Caribbean festival"
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376:'s School of Hospitality, Tourism, and Culture for the 2010 parade.
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5812:"Toronto Caribbean Carnival will be a food truck festival in 2021"
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4795:. Trinidad Investment and Development Co. (TIDCO). Archived from
4768:"No competition for Toronto's first Caribbean Queen 5- years ago"
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displayed every book published by a Caribbean writer, including
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4437:"Centennial College students getting into the Caribana spirit"
4373:"COMMUNITYComments3 Caribana and the meaning of ordered chaos"
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In 1993, the Caribana Marketplace covered market was added at
5093:"Caribana and the meaning of ordered chaos - Spacing Toronto"
5017:
The Caribana Parade: Storming and Issues of Power and Control
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4653:"Carnival Queen Joella Crichton's story subject of new film"
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5675:"CScotiabank won't renew sponsorship of Caribbean Carnival"
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Wright, Lisa (July 20, 1993). "Caribana bumps and grinds".
5744:"Scotiabank won't renew sponsorship of Caribbean Carnival"
5375:
Henton, Darcy (May 1, 1993). "Tourism faces new economy".
5925:
Caribana's golden anniversary: an archival research guide
3725:(Pronounced "Jou-vay"). This too has been modelled after
5731:"It's no longer Caribana: Festival unveils its new name"
5649:"Caribana founders not giving up on reclaiming festival"
5037:"Carnival, Blackness and the Precarity of Public Safety"
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culture and traditions held each summer in the city of
5797:
5701:"Scotiabank fails in bid to snag Caribana domain name"
5796:
Toronto Caribbean Carnival cancelled due to COVID-19
5763:, News Release, Ontario Science Centre, June 1, 2017.
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Louis Saldenah, Harold Saldenah, and Carlos Douglas
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3899:'s fight against the Canadian heavyweight champion
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5921:: an interactive and collaborative history project
4394:Turnbull, Barbara (July 30, 1993). "Party time!".
1281:Keith Sheppard, Joe Brown, Steve Dyal, Kenn Shah
5600:Festival Management Committee (September 2006).
5480:Festival Management Committee (September 2006).
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4277:"A Brief History Of Toronto's Caribana Festival"
4246:(Souvenir ed.). Toronto: Ballantine Books.
4016:In September 2004, after the 37th festival, the
110:716 Gordon Baker Rd. Suite 201, Toronto, Ontario
5297:(master’s thesis). York University. p. 77.
5262:(master’s thesis). York University. p. 50.
5216:(master's thesis). York University. p. 30.
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4048:for "Caribana". In April 2010, a panel for the
2880:Ken de Freitas/Nipp Davis and Courtney Doldron
1102:The Treasures of Nursery Rhyme and Fairy Tales
5309:"Toronto strike forces Caribana event to move"
4409:reporter, Nicole Baute Staff (July 30, 2009).
2925:King Solomon's Dream/Visions of the Architect
5985:
5929:Clara Thomas Archives and Special Collections
4742:"Caribana Queen and King crowned at festival"
1314:Alpha King, Whitfield Belasco, and Nip Davis
8:
4622:
4620:
4618:
4616:
4614:
4411:"Don't fence us out, Caribana revellers say"
4143:The entire event, which is one of the first
3887:activities including the Canadian visits by
3775:(Food Fest): Originally taking place on the
287:who was the centrepiece of the exhibition);
32:
5919:Toronto Caribbean Carnival virtual timeline
5183:
5181:
2928:Biblical and Mythical Dreams/The Architect
5992:
5978:
5970:
5906:
4967:
4965:
4736:
4734:
3588:
2509:
1374:
1335:CaribbeanTales International Film Festival
1267:Tout C'est Beau/Wonderful World of Colour
450:
170:Organization of Calypso Performing Artists
38:
31:
4679:"Seventh straight win for Carnival Queen"
1237:Nip Davis and Earnest Castello/Kenn Shah
261:emancipation of slaves of African descent
5642:
5640:
5394:. Toronto ON. May 21, 1993. p. A07.
4793:"Old-Time Carnival Characters (Archive)"
4050:World Intellectual Property Organization
1329:to be named King and Queen of Carnival.
5810:Simonpillai, Radheyan (June 15, 2021).
5761:"Peeks Toronto Caribbean Carnival 2017"
5533:"Caribana renamed to avert legal fight"
4844:Fontaine, Thomson (December 11, 2006).
4200:
4081:
344:
224:, formerly and affectionately known as
5574:Eastwood, Donald G. (April 26, 2006).
5188:Sheppard, Patrick (1984). "Caribana".
4943:"Toronto Caribbean Carnival, Caribana"
4922:from the original on December 21, 2021
4874:from the original on December 21, 2021
4242:Foster, Cecil; Schwarz, Chris (1995).
4222:Toronto Caribbean Carnival or Caribana
3867:A Caribana parade participant in 1977.
3783:. Picnics are two days of feasting on
3589:
2510:
1375:
451:
327:. Floats can also be found which play
6668:Festivals of Caribbean culture abroad
6618:Caribbean-Canadian culture in Ontario
5865:
5863:
5834:
5832:
5673:Mangione, Kendra (October 15, 2015).
5155:
5153:
5151:
5141:
5139:
5061:Campbell, Mark V. (August 10, 2017).
5009:
5007:
5005:
5003:
4868:"Artiste: 3 Canal, Song: Mud Madness"
4628:"Caribana stalwarts honoured at gala"
4070:Scotiabank Toronto Caribbean Carnival
4060:The first named festival sponsor was
1047:Outa Dis World - Trinidad and Tobago
7:
6633:Recurring events established in 1967
5620:"Caribana trademark lawsuit settled"
5073:from the original on January 4, 2022
4916:"Artiste: 3 Canal, Song: Blue, 1997"
4435:Centennial College (July 27, 2010).
4237:
4235:
4233:
4231:
4229:
2877:So Nice So Sweet/Sunrise and Sunset
1300:The Fantasy of the American Indians
1234:Festival of Fans/Noctural Emissions
5035:Taylor, Sharine (January 5, 2021).
4704:DeMara, Bruce (September 5, 2021).
3927:Canadian Negro Women's Organization
1116:Selwyn Davis and Whitfield Belasco
5390:"Caribana fires operating chief".
5227:Otchere, Shantal (July 28, 2017).
4821:. Paria Publishing. Archived from
4244:Caribana, the greatest celebration
4160:of attendees are from outside the
3906:Introduced by immigrants from the
3779:, the island picnics now occur at
259:observances that commemorate the
25:
6613:Black Canadian culture in Toronto
5699:El Akkad, Omar (April 26, 2010).
5506:Halstead, Joe (January 4, 2002).
5334:Cheung, Michelle (May 31, 2017).
1124:Tribute to Sparrow and Kitchener
84:Celebration of Caribbean heritage
6608:Afro-Caribbean culture in Canada
6579:
6565:
6054:
5647:Winsa, Patty (August 10, 2014).
5508:"2001 Caribana Financial Report"
4375:. Spacing Toronto. July 31, 2017
4114:
4105:
4093:
4084:
3879:sang to a sold-out crowd at the
3557:
2871:Jason Connelle/Courtney Doldron
2478:
1343:
419:
365:
356:
347:
240:, Canada. It is a pan-Caribbean
4948:Encyclopedia of Music in Canada
3811:; drinking sorrell, Mauby, and
3751:Junior King and Queen Showcase:
2897:Nip Davis and Courtney Doldron
1745:Nip Davis and Courtney Doldron
1289:Splendor of the Dark Continent
6663:1967 establishments in Ontario
4275:Trip, Culture (June 1, 2016).
244:event and has been billed as
1:
5733:, Carib101.com, May 25, 2011.
5618:Winsa, Patty (May 14, 2017).
5531:Rusk, James (July 10, 2002).
5014:Gomez, Henry (July 6, 2021).
4918:. YouTube. January 13, 2008.
4870:. YouTube. January 18, 2008.
4352:"History | Saldenah Carnival"
4211:. Toronto Caribbean Carnival.
1270:Earnest Castello/Noel Audain
1179:From the Caribbean with Love
1083:Arnold Hughes and Associates
162:Toronto Mas Bands Association
149:Festival Management Committee
27:Caribbean festival in Toronto
6673:Black Canadian organizations
5840:"The Caribana success story"
5776:. Global News. April 9, 2020
4986:10.1016/0962-6298(92)90045-u
4209:"Toronto Caribbean Festival"
4189:List of festivals in Toronto
4184:List of festivals in Ontario
4127:COVID-19 alternative formats
3912:Trinidad and Tobago Carnival
166:Ontario Steelpan Association
4179:List of festivals in Canada
3843:(steel band street parties)
6689:
6623:Music festivals in Toronto
5556:Doyle-Marshall, William,
5439:. Toronto ON. p. A06.
5424:. Toronto ON. p. A06.
5364:. Toronto ON. p. A06.
5288:Lydon, Phillip A. (1998).
5253:Lydon, Phillip A. (1998).
5207:Lydon, Phillip A. (1998).
5161:"Caribana Toronto History"
4398:. Toronto ON. p. A06.
4026:City of Toronto government
3851:
222:Toronto Caribbean Carnival
158:City of Toronto government
33:Toronto Caribbean Carnival
18:Caribana Festival (Canada)
6559:
6052:
5933:York University Libraries
5800:, published April 9, 2020
5379:. Toronto ON. p. A2.
5123:archives.library.yorku.ca
2959:High Priest of El Dorado
452:Band of the Year winners
37:
6638:Annual events in Toronto
6205:Belarus, Russia, Ukraine
4896:. Flickr. March 23, 2007
3807:, fried fish, cow foot,
3590:Caylpso Monarch winners
2922:John Kam/Rudy Ramparsad
4594:"CARIBANA PAST WINNERS"
3929:(CANEWA) and headed by
3815:; and dancing to music.
3744:Junior Carnival Parade:
1807:Wave of Light and Life
1321:King and Queen Showcase
279:(for example the first
135:Chief Executive Officer
6572:Catholicism portal
4941:Annemarie Gallaugher.
4100:Logo from 2011 to 2015
4068:from 2007 to 2011 and
3991:Nathan Phillips Square
3967:Julius Alexander Isaac
3952:Administrative history
3893:Martin Luther King Jr.
3868:
2874:A Mystical Bird/Chaos
1759:Dancing in the Street
1223:A Compendium of Games
372:A costume designed by
5562:The Trinidad Guardian
3999:Daily Bread Food Bank
3885:Civil Rights Movement
3866:
3852:Further information:
2942:Northern Reflections
1245:Modes of the Seasons
1212:Shaka's Dream Africa
1091:Nations of the World
5564:, September 9, 2004.
4799:on September 7, 2004
4162:Greater Toronto Area
4147:along with those in
4139:Economics and impact
3716:
3648:John 'Jayson' Perez
3622:John 'Jayson' Perez
3614:John 'Jayson' Perez
3606:John 'Jayson' Perez
3571:adding missing items
2492:adding missing items
1357:adding missing items
1311:Flight Into Fantasy
1113:Flight into Fantasy
1058:Beyond the Darkness
1025:The Golden Antilles
433:adding missing items
6643:Carnivals in Canada
6392:Trinidad and Tobago
6044:Ati-Atihan festival
5956:43.6322°N 79.4169°W
5952: /
5914:Caribana Arts Group
5877:on February 4, 2022
5798:http://www.cp24.com
4974:Political Geography
4145:Caribbean Carnivals
4066:Scotiabank Caribana
3936:The centuries-long
3873:Canada's Centennial
3854:History of Caribana
3591:
2512:
1742:Sunrise and Sunset
1377:
1376:Queen of the Bands
1190:Birds of a Feather
453:
228:, is a festival of
145:Parent organization
60:2006-present (FMC)
58:1967-2006 (CAG/CCC)
34:
6653:Parades in Toronto
6370:Dominican Republic
5706:The Globe and Mail
4848:. TheDominican.Net
3869:
3799:, goat head soup,
3569:; you can help by
2511:King of the Bands
2490:; you can help by
1770:Penney Sutherland
1355:; you can help by
1168:Island in the Sun
993:The Art of Nature
431:; you can help by
411:Centennial College
374:Centennial College
213:torontocarnival.ca
119:Official language
76:Active, non-profit
6628:Parades in Canada
6595:
6594:
5961:43.6322; -79.4169
4825:on March 13, 2002
4659:. August 28, 2021
4133:COVID-19 pandemic
3727:Trinidad Carnival
3714:
3713:
3587:
3586:
3544:
3543:
2962:Poetry in Motion
2911:Light After Dark
2888:Courtney Doldron
2508:
2507:
2473:
2472:
2430:Hyacinth Noreiga
2383:Yvonne Alexander
1823:Kenne de Freitas
1787:Venetia Saldenah
1756:Dance Ka Lay Lay
1753:Natasha McCollin
1373:
1372:
1318:
1317:
1259:Earnest Castello
1248:Earnest Castello
1157:Power of the SKy
449:
448:
400:Marilyn Bell Park
387:Whitfield Belasco
218:
217:
68:Cultural festival
16:(Redirected from
6680:
6586:World portal
6584:
6583:
6570:
6569:
6475:Negros y Blancos
6058:
6003:around the world
5994:
5987:
5980:
5971:
5967:
5966:
5964:
5963:
5962:
5957:
5953:
5950:
5949:
5948:
5945:
5910:
5905:
5904:
5902:Official website
5887:
5886:
5884:
5882:
5873:. Archived from
5867:
5858:
5857:
5855:
5853:
5836:
5827:
5826:
5824:
5822:
5807:
5801:
5792:
5786:
5785:
5783:
5781:
5770:
5764:
5758:
5752:
5751:
5740:
5734:
5728:
5722:
5721:
5715:
5713:
5696:
5690:
5689:
5687:
5685:
5679:CTV News Toronto
5670:
5664:
5663:
5661:
5659:
5644:
5635:
5634:
5632:
5630:
5615:
5609:
5608:
5606:
5597:
5591:
5590:
5588:
5586:
5580:
5571:
5565:
5554:
5548:
5547:
5545:
5543:
5528:
5522:
5521:
5519:
5517:
5512:
5503:
5497:
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5494:
5492:
5486:
5477:
5471:
5470:
5462:
5456:
5455:
5447:
5441:
5440:
5432:
5426:
5425:
5417:
5411:
5410:
5402:
5396:
5395:
5387:
5381:
5380:
5372:
5366:
5365:
5357:
5351:
5350:
5348:
5346:
5331:
5325:
5324:
5322:
5320:
5305:
5299:
5298:
5296:
5285:
5279:
5278:
5270:
5264:
5263:
5261:
5250:
5244:
5243:
5241:
5239:
5224:
5218:
5217:
5215:
5204:
5198:
5197:
5185:
5176:
5175:
5173:
5171:
5157:
5146:
5143:
5134:
5133:
5131:
5129:
5115:
5109:
5108:
5106:
5104:
5089:
5083:
5082:
5080:
5078:
5058:
5052:
5051:
5049:
5047:
5032:
5026:
5025:
5011:
4998:
4997:
4969:
4960:
4959:
4957:
4955:
4938:
4932:
4931:
4929:
4927:
4912:
4906:
4905:
4903:
4901:
4890:
4884:
4883:
4881:
4879:
4864:
4858:
4857:
4855:
4853:
4841:
4835:
4834:
4832:
4830:
4815:
4809:
4808:
4806:
4804:
4789:
4783:
4782:
4780:
4778:
4764:
4758:
4757:
4755:
4753:
4746:The Toronto Star
4738:
4729:
4728:
4726:
4724:
4710:The Toronto Star
4701:
4695:
4694:
4692:
4690:
4685:. August 9, 2017
4675:
4669:
4668:
4666:
4664:
4649:
4643:
4642:
4640:
4638:
4624:
4609:
4608:
4606:
4604:
4590:
4499:
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4469:
4455:
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4406:
4400:
4399:
4391:
4385:
4384:
4382:
4380:
4369:
4363:
4362:
4360:
4358:
4348:
4342:
4341:
4339:
4337:
4323:
4317:
4316:
4314:
4312:
4298:
4292:
4291:
4289:
4287:
4272:
4266:
4265:
4239:
4224:
4219:
4213:
4212:
4205:
4118:
4109:
4097:
4088:
4023:
3942:Emancipation Day
3702:
3698:
3684:
3680:
3666:
3662:
3640:
3636:
3592:
3582:
3579:
3561:
3560:
3554:
3540:
3536:
3527:
3523:
3514:
3510:
3487:
3483:
3463:
3459:
3439:
3435:
3415:
3411:
3391:
3387:
3367:
3363:
3343:
3339:
3319:
3315:
3295:
3291:
3271:
3267:
3247:
3243:
3223:
3219:
3199:
3195:
3175:
3171:
3151:
3147:
3127:
3123:
3103:
3099:
3079:
3075:
3055:
3051:
3031:
3027:
3007:
3003:
2983:
2979:
2945:Realms of Light
2857:
2853:
2833:
2829:
2809:
2805:
2785:
2781:
2761:
2757:
2737:
2733:
2713:
2709:
2689:
2685:
2665:
2661:
2641:
2637:
2617:
2613:
2593:
2589:
2575:
2571:
2562:
2558:
2549:
2545:
2513:
2503:
2500:
2482:
2481:
2475:
2469:
2465:
2456:
2452:
2443:
2439:
2422:
2418:
2409:
2405:
2396:
2392:
2369:
2365:
2345:
2341:
2321:
2317:
2297:
2293:
2273:
2269:
2249:
2245:
2225:
2221:
2201:
2197:
2177:
2173:
2153:
2149:
2129:
2125:
2105:
2101:
2081:
2077:
2057:
2053:
2033:
2029:
2009:
2005:
1985:
1981:
1961:
1957:
1937:
1933:
1913:
1909:
1889:
1885:
1865:
1861:
1841:
1837:
1820:
1816:
1776:Golden Antilles
1722:
1718:
1698:
1694:
1674:
1670:
1650:
1646:
1626:
1622:
1602:
1598:
1578:
1574:
1554:
1550:
1530:
1526:
1506:
1502:
1482:
1478:
1458:
1454:
1440:
1436:
1427:
1423:
1414:
1410:
1401:Joella Crichton
1378:
1368:
1365:
1347:
1346:
1340:
1256:Tales of Utopia
1182:Russell Charter
1135:Birds Evolution
1080:Of Men and Gods
1014:
1010:
983:
979:
963:
959:
943:
939:
923:
919:
903:
899:
883:
879:
863:
859:
843:
839:
823:
819:
803:
799:
783:
779:
763:
759:
743:
739:
723:
719:
703:
699:
683:
679:
663:
659:
643:
639:
623:
619:
603:
599:
583:
579:
562:
558:
542:
538:
521:
517:
501:
497:
481:
477:
454:
444:
441:
423:
422:
416:
369:
360:
351:
257:Emancipation Day
184:
183:CA$ 3.33 million
139:Mischka Crichton
42:
35:
21:
6688:
6687:
6683:
6682:
6681:
6679:
6678:
6677:
6598:
6597:
6596:
6591:
6578:
6564:
6555:
6539:
6523:
6396:
6328:
6258:
6059:
6050:
6004:
5998:
5960:
5958:
5954:
5951:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5939:
5938:
5900:
5899:
5896:
5891:
5890:
5880:
5878:
5869:
5868:
5861:
5851:
5849:
5838:
5837:
5830:
5820:
5818:
5809:
5808:
5804:
5793:
5789:
5779:
5777:
5772:
5771:
5767:
5759:
5755:
5750:. October 2015.
5742:
5741:
5737:
5729:
5725:
5711:
5709:
5698:
5697:
5693:
5683:
5681:
5672:
5671:
5667:
5657:
5655:
5646:
5645:
5638:
5628:
5626:
5617:
5616:
5612:
5604:
5599:
5598:
5594:
5584:
5582:
5578:
5573:
5572:
5568:
5555:
5551:
5541:
5539:
5530:
5529:
5525:
5515:
5513:
5510:
5505:
5504:
5500:
5490:
5488:
5484:
5479:
5478:
5474:
5464:
5463:
5459:
5449:
5448:
5444:
5434:
5433:
5429:
5419:
5418:
5414:
5404:
5403:
5399:
5389:
5388:
5384:
5374:
5373:
5369:
5359:
5358:
5354:
5344:
5342:
5333:
5332:
5328:
5318:
5316:
5315:. July 21, 2009
5307:
5306:
5302:
5294:
5287:
5286:
5282:
5272:
5271:
5267:
5259:
5252:
5251:
5247:
5237:
5235:
5226:
5225:
5221:
5213:
5206:
5205:
5201:
5187:
5186:
5179:
5169:
5167:
5165:flagsandcolours
5159:
5158:
5149:
5144:
5137:
5127:
5125:
5117:
5116:
5112:
5102:
5100:
5099:. July 31, 2017
5097:Spacing Toronto
5091:
5090:
5086:
5076:
5074:
5060:
5059:
5055:
5045:
5043:
5034:
5033:
5029:
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4913:
4909:
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4791:
4790:
4786:
4776:
4774:
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4765:
4761:
4751:
4749:
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4720:
4703:
4702:
4698:
4688:
4686:
4677:
4676:
4672:
4662:
4660:
4651:
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4457:
4456:
4452:
4442:
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4408:
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4403:
4393:
4392:
4388:
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4366:
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4354:
4350:
4349:
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4335:
4333:
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4324:
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4310:
4308:
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4299:
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4285:
4283:
4274:
4273:
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4254:
4241:
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4227:
4220:
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4207:
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4197:
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4141:
4129:
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4123:
4122:
4119:
4110:
4101:
4098:
4089:
4058:
4041:
4021:
3954:
3931:Kay Livingstone
3877:Harry Belafonte
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3777:Toronto Islands
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3547:Calypso Monarch
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3501:Francis Dennis
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2905:Rudy Rampersad
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2536:Ronald Alleyze
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1762:Ken de Freitas
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1393:Band Leader(s)
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1331:Joella Crichton
1327:Lamport Stadium
1323:
1171:Louis Saldenah
1160:Eddie Merchant
1149:Louis Saldenah
1138:Eddie Merchant
1127:Eddie Merchant
1105:Eddie Merchant
1094:Eddie Merchant
1072:Louis Saldenah
1061:Louis Saldenah
1050:Louis Saldenah
1039:Louis Saldenah
1017:Louis Saldenah
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5894:External links
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4039:Naming dispute
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4018:consul general
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3938:Black Canadian
3901:George Chuvalo
3881:O'Keefe Centre
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3801:potato pudding
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6648:August events
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6017:
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6007:
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5995:
5990:
5988:
5983:
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5976:
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5972:
5968:
5965:
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5930:
5926:
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5912:
5909:
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5898:
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5893:
5876:
5872:
5866:
5864:
5860:
5848:. May 3, 2010
5847:
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5727:
5724:
5720:
5708:
5707:
5702:
5695:
5692:
5680:
5676:
5669:
5666:
5654:
5650:
5643:
5641:
5637:
5625:
5621:
5614:
5611:
5607:. p. 17.
5603:
5596:
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5577:
5570:
5567:
5563:
5559:
5553:
5550:
5538:
5534:
5527:
5524:
5509:
5502:
5499:
5483:
5476:
5473:
5469:. p. 18.
5468:
5461:
5458:
5454:. p. 15.
5453:
5446:
5443:
5438:
5431:
5428:
5423:
5416:
5413:
5408:
5401:
5398:
5393:
5386:
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5371:
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5341:
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5327:
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5166:
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5136:
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5098:
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5067:TopToronto.ca
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4937:
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4908:
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4889:
4886:
4873:
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4863:
4860:
4847:
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4824:
4820:
4814:
4811:
4798:
4794:
4788:
4785:
4773:
4769:
4763:
4760:
4748:. August 2008
4747:
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4719:
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4439:. Newswire.ca
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4149:New York City
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4033:
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4022:CA$ 1 million
4019:
4014:
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4006:
4002:
4000:
3996:
3992:
3988:
3982:
3978:
3974:
3970:
3968:
3964:
3963:Charles Roach
3960:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3943:
3940:tradition of
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3923:
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3913:
3909:
3904:
3902:
3898:
3894:
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3883:in Toronto),
3882:
3878:
3874:
3865:
3858:
3855:
3847:
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3829:
3826:
3823:
3820:
3819:Calypso tents
3817:
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3806:
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3798:
3794:
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3786:
3782:
3781:Ontario Place
3778:
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3593:
3581:
3572:
3568:
3565:This list is
3563:
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2599:
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2595:
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2559:
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2535:
2532:
2531:
2527:
2524:
2521:
2518:
2515:
2514:
2502:
2493:
2489:
2486:This list is
2484:
2477:
2476:
2467:
2466:
2458:
2454:
2453:
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2441:
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2166:
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2135:
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2115:
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2103:
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2094:
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2087:
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2083:
2079:
2078:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2063:
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2059:
2055:
2054:
2046:
2043:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2035:
2031:
2030:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2011:
2007:
2006:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1983:
1982:
1974:
1971:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1959:
1958:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1939:
1935:
1934:
1926:
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1915:
1911:
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1792:
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1786:
1783:
1782:
1778:
1775:
1773:Amazon Queen
1772:
1769:
1766:
1765:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1744:
1741:
1739:Lady of Life
1738:
1736:Danielle Lee
1735:
1732:
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1711:
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1471:
1468:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1456:
1455:
1447:
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1443:
1438:
1437:
1429:
1425:
1424:
1416:
1412:
1411:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1379:
1367:
1358:
1354:
1351:This list is
1349:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1320:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1280:
1278:Snow Kingdom
1277:
1274:
1273:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1258:
1255:
1252:
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1244:
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1197:
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1192:
1189:
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1134:
1131:
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1126:
1123:
1120:
1119:
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1109:
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1087:
1086:
1082:
1079:
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1075:
1071:
1068:
1065:
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1060:
1057:
1054:
1053:
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1046:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1011:
1003:
1000:
999:
996:Kenney Combs
995:
992:
989:
988:
985:
981:
980:
972:
969:
968:
965:
961:
960:
952:
949:
948:
945:
941:
940:
932:
929:
928:
925:
921:
920:
912:
909:
908:
905:
901:
900:
892:
889:
888:
885:
881:
880:
872:
869:
868:
865:
861:
860:
852:
849:
848:
845:
841:
840:
832:
829:
828:
825:
821:
820:
812:
809:
808:
805:
801:
800:
792:
789:
788:
785:
781:
780:
772:
769:
768:
765:
761:
760:
752:
749:
748:
745:
741:
740:
732:
729:
728:
725:
721:
720:
712:
709:
708:
705:
701:
700:
692:
689:
688:
685:
681:
680:
672:
669:
668:
665:
661:
660:
652:
649:
648:
645:
641:
640:
632:
629:
628:
625:
621:
620:
612:
609:
608:
605:
601:
600:
592:
589:
588:
585:
581:
580:
572:
569:
568:
564:
560:
559:
551:
548:
547:
544:
540:
539:
531:
528:
527:
523:
519:
518:
510:
507:
506:
503:
499:
498:
490:
487:
486:
483:
479:
478:
470:
467:
466:
462:
459:
456:
455:
443:
434:
430:
427:This list is
425:
418:
417:
414:
412:
407:
405:
401:
395:
392:
388:
375:
368:
363:
359:
354:
350:
345:
340:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
309:civic holiday
306:
298:
296:
294:
293:fashion shows
290:
289:theatre plays
286:
285:Austin Clarke
282:
278:
274:
266:
264:
262:
258:
254:
249:
247:
246:North America
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
214:
211:
207:
203:
197:
193:
187:
181:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
156:
152:
148:
142:
138:
132:
129:
125:
122:
116:
109:
108:
106:
102:
98:
94:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
36:
30:
19:
6577:
6563:
6470:Barranquilla
6416:GualeguaychĂş
6411:Buenos Aires
6282:
6035:Philippines
5937:
5879:. Retrieved
5875:the original
5850:. Retrieved
5845:Toronto Star
5843:
5819:. Retrieved
5816:NOW Magazine
5815:
5805:
5790:
5778:. Retrieved
5768:
5756:
5747:
5738:
5726:
5717:
5710:. Retrieved
5704:
5694:
5682:. Retrieved
5678:
5668:
5656:. Retrieved
5653:Toronto Star
5652:
5627:. Retrieved
5624:Toronto Star
5623:
5613:
5595:
5583:. Retrieved
5569:
5561:
5552:
5540:. Retrieved
5536:
5526:
5514:. Retrieved
5501:
5489:. Retrieved
5475:
5466:
5460:
5451:
5445:
5437:Toronto Star
5436:
5430:
5422:Toronto Star
5421:
5415:
5406:
5400:
5392:Toronto Star
5391:
5385:
5377:Toronto Star
5376:
5370:
5362:Toronto Star
5361:
5355:
5343:. Retrieved
5339:
5329:
5317:. Retrieved
5312:
5303:
5290:
5283:
5275:Toronto Star
5274:
5268:
5255:
5248:
5238:February 25,
5236:. Retrieved
5232:
5222:
5209:
5202:
5193:
5189:
5168:. Retrieved
5164:
5126:. Retrieved
5122:
5113:
5101:. Retrieved
5096:
5087:
5075:. Retrieved
5066:
5056:
5044:. Retrieved
5040:
5030:
5021:
5016:
4977:
4973:
4954:September 7,
4952:. Retrieved
4946:
4936:
4924:. Retrieved
4910:
4898:. Retrieved
4888:
4876:. Retrieved
4862:
4850:. Retrieved
4839:
4827:. Retrieved
4823:the original
4813:
4801:. Retrieved
4797:the original
4787:
4775:. Retrieved
4771:
4762:
4750:. Retrieved
4745:
4721:. Retrieved
4709:
4699:
4687:. Retrieved
4682:
4673:
4661:. Retrieved
4656:
4647:
4635:. Retrieved
4632:carnaval.com
4631:
4601:. Retrieved
4598:carnaval.com
4597:
4491:. Retrieved
4487:
4478:
4466:. Retrieved
4462:
4453:
4441:. Retrieved
4430:
4418:. Retrieved
4415:Toronto Star
4414:
4404:
4396:Toronto Star
4395:
4389:
4377:. Retrieved
4367:
4355:. Retrieved
4346:
4334:. Retrieved
4330:
4321:
4309:. Retrieved
4305:
4296:
4286:February 16,
4284:. Retrieved
4281:Culture Trip
4280:
4270:
4243:
4217:
4203:
4153:Notting Hill
4142:
4130:
4074:
4069:
4065:
4059:
4042:
4034:
4030:
4015:
4011:
4007:
4003:
3983:
3979:
3975:
3971:
3955:
3947:
3935:
3924:
3918:in Jamaica,
3905:
3897:Muhammad Ali
3870:
3840:
3836:
3830:
3824:
3818:
3789:jerk chicken
3772:
3766:
3756:
3750:
3747:competition.
3743:
3738:Other events
3720:
3710:Lord Smokey
3694:
3676:
3658:
3632:
3575:
3550:
3532:
3519:
3506:
3479:
3455:
3431:
3407:
3383:
3359:
3335:
3311:
3287:
3263:
3239:
3215:
3191:
3167:
3143:
3119:
3095:
3071:
3047:
3023:
2999:
2975:
2894:Abracadabra
2849:
2825:
2801:
2777:
2753:
2729:
2705:
2681:
2657:
2633:
2609:
2585:
2567:
2554:
2541:
2496:
2461:
2448:
2435:
2414:
2401:
2388:
2361:
2337:
2313:
2289:
2265:
2241:
2217:
2193:
2169:
2145:
2121:
2097:
2073:
2049:
2025:
2001:
1977:
1953:
1929:
1905:
1881:
1857:
1833:
1812:
1790:Pandora Box
1714:
1690:
1666:
1642:
1618:
1594:
1570:
1546:
1522:
1498:
1474:
1450:
1432:
1419:
1406:
1361:
1324:
1303:Clive Brand
1292:Clive Brand
1226:Noel Audain
1193:Raymond Lee
1069:Fire On Ice
1006:
975:
955:
935:
915:
895:
875:
855:
835:
815:
795:
775:
755:
735:
715:
695:
675:
655:
635:
615:
595:
575:
554:
534:
513:
493:
473:
437:
408:
396:
383:
302:
299:Grand Parade
292:
288:
276:
272:
270:
250:
225:
221:
219:
200:Volunteers
154:Affiliations
89:Headquarters
73:Legal status
47:Abbreviation
29:
6658:July events
6317:New Orleans
6278:Quebec City
6242:Switzerland
6180:Netherlands
5959: /
5881:February 4,
5581:. p. 2
5487:. p. 6
5233:NOW Toronto
5170:February 8,
5046:February 4,
4752:February 8,
4723:February 8,
4689:February 8,
4683:Ron Fanfair
4663:February 8,
4657:Ron Fanfair
4488:toronto.com
4463:toronto.com
4357:February 4,
4311:February 8,
4056:Sponsorship
3837:Pan blockos
3825:Talk tents:
3813:ginger beer
2908:The Nebula
404:playing mas
6602:Categories
6551:Mardi Gras
6502:Las Tablas
6407:Argentina
6235:Santa Cruz
6230:Las Palmas
6015:Indonesia
5947:79°25′01″W
5944:43°37′56″N
5719:precedent.
5409:: 102–135.
5077:January 4,
4443:October 3,
4253:0345398165
4195:References
4174:Carifiesta
4062:Scotiabank
3993:, Premier
3987:Puff Daddy
3916:John Canoe
3841:blockorama
3578:April 2022
3567:incomplete
2499:April 2022
2488:incomplete
1364:April 2022
1353:incomplete
1215:Nip Davis
1201:Shangrila
1146:Night Out
463:Leader(s)
440:April 2022
429:incomplete
253:Simcoe Day
6535:Australia
6512:Cajamarca
6448:SĂŁo Paulo
6333:Caribbean
6295:Vera Cruz
6184:Portugal
6170:Lithuania
6158:Viareggio
5780:April 16,
5196:(1): 138.
5128:March 21,
5103:March 11,
5024:(Thesis).
4994:140528991
4777:April 13,
4718:0319-0781
4637:April 13,
4603:April 13,
4493:April 13,
4468:April 13,
4420:August 8,
4379:March 11,
4336:March 11,
4046:trademark
3920:Crop Over
3908:Caribbean
3889:Malcolm X
3809:rum cakes
2956:John Kam
2939:John Kam
333:dancehall
317:steel pan
230:Caribbean
55:Formation
6465:Colombia
6427:Bolivia
6365:Dominica
6350:Barbados
6300:Mazatlán
6215:Slovenia
6075:Belgium
6001:Carnival
5748:CTV News
5684:July 20,
5658:July 17,
5629:July 17,
5585:July 20,
5542:July 17,
5516:July 17,
5491:July 17,
5345:July 17,
5340:CBC News
5319:July 17,
5313:CBC News
5071:Archived
5022:yorku.ca
4926:July 31,
4920:Archived
4900:July 31,
4878:July 31,
4872:Archived
4852:July 31,
4829:July 31,
4803:July 31,
4306:yorku.ca
4262:32391351
4168:See also
3959:Rita Cox
3797:callaloo
3793:festival
3769:(dances)
3767:Jump-ups
3731:steelpan
3723:J'ouvert
3717:J'ouvert
3598:Monarch
305:Caribana
281:Caribana
277:exhibits
242:Carnival
226:Caribana
178:Budget
104:Location
99:, Canada
6544:Related
6528:Oceania
6519:Uruguay
6498:Panama
6487:Cayenne
6345:Bahamas
6340:Antigua
6283:Toronto
6269:Canada
6210:Croatia
6188:Madeira
6143:Hungary
6126:Cologne
6121:Germany
6105:France
6101:Finland
6096:England
6091:Denmark
6071:Austria
6039:Sinulog
6029:Jakarta
5927:by the
5871:"Flare"
5852:June 1,
5821:July 5,
3995:Bob Rae
3859:Origins
3848:History
3821:(shows)
3773:Picnics
339:music.
329:chutney
325:calypso
238:Ontario
234:Toronto
209:Website
190:Staff
168:(OSA),
124:English
97:Ontario
93:Toronto
81:Purpose
6494:Guyana
6458:Recife
6438:Brazil
6312:Mobile
6290:MĂ©xico
6273:Ottawa
6254:Turkey
6221:Spain
6200:Slavic
6153:Venice
6138:Greece
6084:Binche
6064:Europe
6024:Jember
5712:May 9,
4992:
4772:cbc.ca
4716:
4260:
4250:
4157:Boston
3895:, and
2522:Title
1387:Title
1384:Queen
337:reggae
267:Events
204:1,000+
172:(OCPA)
128:French
6508:Peru
6453:Bahia
6431:Oruro
6421:Murga
6386:Ponce
6380:Nevis
6375:Haiti
6247:Basel
6225:Cádiz
6175:Malta
6163:Ivrea
6148:Italy
6131:Mainz
6114:Paris
6079:Aalst
5605:(PDF)
5579:(PDF)
5511:(PDF)
5485:(PDF)
5467:Share
5452:Share
5295:(PDF)
5260:(PDF)
5214:(PDF)
4990:S2CID
3805:pelau
3785:rotis
3761:fĂŞtes
3757:FĂŞtes
3707:1980
3701:]
3693:[
3689:1981
3683:]
3675:[
3671:1982
3665:]
3657:[
3653:1983
3645:1984
3639:]
3631:[
3627:1985
3619:1986
3611:1987
3603:1988
3595:Year
3539:]
3531:[
3526:]
3518:[
3513:]
3505:[
3498:1968
3486:]
3478:[
3474:1969
3462:]
3454:[
3450:1970
3438:]
3430:[
3426:1971
3414:]
3406:[
3402:1972
3390:]
3382:[
3378:1972
3366:]
3358:[
3354:1973
3342:]
3334:[
3330:1974
3318:]
3310:[
3306:1975
3294:]
3286:[
3282:1976
3270:]
3262:[
3258:1977
3246:]
3238:[
3234:1978
3222:]
3214:[
3210:1979
3198:]
3190:[
3186:1980
3174:]
3166:[
3162:1981
3150:]
3142:[
3138:1982
3126:]
3118:[
3114:1983
3102:]
3094:[
3090:1984
3078:]
3070:[
3066:1985
3054:]
3046:[
3042:1986
3030:]
3022:[
3018:1987
3006:]
2998:[
2994:1988
2982:]
2974:[
2970:1989
2953:1990
2936:1991
2919:1992
2902:1993
2885:1994
2868:1995
2856:]
2848:[
2844:1996
2832:]
2824:[
2820:1997
2808:]
2800:[
2796:1998
2784:]
2776:[
2772:1999
2760:]
2752:[
2748:2000
2736:]
2728:[
2724:2001
2712:]
2704:[
2700:2002
2688:]
2680:[
2676:2003
2664:]
2656:[
2652:2004
2640:]
2632:[
2628:2005
2616:]
2608:[
2604:2006
2592:]
2584:[
2580:2007
2574:]
2566:[
2561:]
2553:[
2548:]
2540:[
2533:2008
2525:Band
2519:King
2516:Year
2468:]
2460:[
2455:]
2447:[
2442:]
2434:[
2427:1967
2421:]
2413:[
2408:]
2400:[
2395:]
2387:[
2380:1968
2368:]
2360:[
2356:1969
2344:]
2336:[
2332:1970
2320:]
2312:[
2308:1971
2296:]
2288:[
2284:1972
2272:]
2264:[
2260:1972
2248:]
2240:[
2236:1973
2224:]
2216:[
2212:1974
2200:]
2192:[
2188:1975
2176:]
2168:[
2164:1976
2152:]
2144:[
2140:1977
2128:]
2120:[
2116:1978
2104:]
2096:[
2092:1979
2080:]
2072:[
2068:1980
2056:]
2048:[
2044:1981
2032:]
2024:[
2020:1982
2008:]
2000:[
1996:1983
1984:]
1976:[
1972:1984
1960:]
1952:[
1948:1985
1936:]
1928:[
1924:1986
1912:]
1904:[
1900:1987
1888:]
1880:[
1876:1988
1864:]
1856:[
1852:1989
1840:]
1832:[
1828:1990
1819:]
1811:[
1801:1991
1784:1992
1767:1993
1750:1994
1733:1995
1721:]
1713:[
1709:1996
1697:]
1689:[
1685:1997
1673:]
1665:[
1661:1998
1649:]
1641:[
1637:1999
1625:]
1617:[
1613:2000
1601:]
1593:[
1589:2001
1577:]
1569:[
1565:2002
1553:]
1545:[
1541:2003
1529:]
1521:[
1517:2004
1505:]
1497:[
1493:2005
1481:]
1473:[
1469:2006
1457:]
1449:[
1445:2007
1439:]
1431:[
1426:]
1418:[
1413:]
1405:[
1398:2008
1390:Band
1381:Year
1308:1967
1297:1968
1286:1969
1275:1970
1264:1971
1253:1972
1242:1973
1231:1974
1220:1975
1209:1976
1198:1977
1187:1978
1176:1979
1165:1980
1154:1981
1143:1982
1132:1983
1121:1984
1110:1985
1099:1986
1088:1987
1077:1988
1066:1989
1055:1990
1044:1991
1033:1992
1022:1993
1013:]
1005:[
1001:1994
990:1995
982:]
974:[
970:1996
962:]
954:[
950:1997
942:]
934:[
930:1998
922:]
914:[
910:1999
902:]
894:[
890:2000
882:]
874:[
870:2001
862:]
854:[
850:2002
842:]
834:[
830:2003
822:]
814:[
810:2004
802:]
794:[
790:2005
782:]
774:[
770:2006
762:]
754:[
750:2007
742:]
734:[
730:2008
722:]
714:[
710:2009
702:]
694:[
690:2010
682:]
674:[
670:2011
662:]
654:[
650:2012
642:]
634:[
630:2013
622:]
614:[
610:2014
602:]
594:[
590:2015
582:]
574:[
570:2016
561:]
553:[
549:2017
541:]
533:[
529:2018
520:]
512:[
508:2019
500:]
492:[
488:2020
480:]
472:[
468:2021
460:Band
457:Year
6360:Cuba
6193:Ovar
6109:Nice
6019:Solo
6009:Asia
5883:2022
5854:2010
5823:2021
5782:2020
5714:2010
5686:2017
5660:2017
5631:2017
5587:2017
5544:2017
5518:2017
5493:2017
5347:2017
5321:2017
5240:2024
5172:2022
5130:2018
5105:2018
5079:2022
5048:2022
4956:2019
4928:2009
4902:2009
4880:2009
4854:2009
4831:2009
4805:2009
4779:2022
4754:2022
4725:2022
4714:ISSN
4691:2022
4665:2022
4639:2022
4605:2022
4495:2022
4470:2022
4445:2016
4422:2023
4381:2018
4359:2022
4338:2018
4313:2022
4288:2022
4258:OCLC
4248:ISBN
4155:and
3965:and
3891:and
3831:Gala
3791:and
2891:XXX
335:and
323:and
321:soca
220:The
65:Type
6443:Rio
4982:doi
4331:CBC
3573:.
2494:.
1359:.
435:.
50:TCC
6604::
5931:,
5862:^
5842:.
5831:^
5814:.
5746:.
5716:.
5703:.
5677:.
5651:.
5639:^
5622:.
5560:,
5535:.
5338:.
5311:.
5231:.
5192:.
5180:^
5163:.
5150:^
5138:^
5121:.
5095:.
5069:.
5065:.
5039:.
5020:.
5002:^
4988:.
4978:11
4976:.
4964:^
4945:.
4770:.
4744:.
4733:^
4712:.
4708:.
4681:.
4655:.
4630:.
4613:^
4596:.
4503:^
4486:.
4461:.
4413:.
4329:.
4304:.
4279:.
4256:.
4228:^
4151:,
3961:.
3903:.
3803:,
3795:,
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1337:.
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319:,
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164:,
160:,
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5885:.
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