4017:, unsatisfied by the CCC's financial audit report, invited the TMBA to apply for funding to operate and manage Caribana for 2006. In the end, a city-appointed committee, the Festival Management Committee (FMC), in arrangement with the CCC board members, agreed to organize Caribana for one year. The proposed structure of the FMC’s board of directors was to include: two representatives from the TMBA, one representative from the OSA, one representative from the CPA, and seven additional members chosen by the festival’s stakeholders, including the CCC. The Caribana Arts Group (CAG), which succeeded the CCC in 2005, applied but was denied funding to resume its organization of Caribana. In 2006, the FMC board included two members of the CAG; however, both representatives withdrew from the board in 2010.
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water-colored paints in the tradition of the
Caribbean-based J'ouvert celebrations. In many instances, everyone in the band is supposed to resemble evil spirits while parading around at night. There are some common characters that are a part of Afro-Caribbean folklore and include things like Red Devils (people covered in red paints), Blue Devils (people covered in blue paints), Green devils, Black devils ( Jab Jab -traditionally portrayed in the Island of Grenada), Yellow devils, White devils, (usually people throwing baby powder or flour.) or people just covered in other concoctions which are supposed to resemble mud or oil.
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3899:, Caribana showcases multiple cultures and traditions from same heritage backgrounds coming together to celebrate their heritage ties (namely, Afro-Caribbeana persons of African descent born or living in a Caribbean nation). Caribana's roots has links to slavery and the struggle for emancipation, as well as post-colonial pan-Caribbean influence of the 1960s. Following the carnival format, particularly that of the
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trademarked in 1977, following unsuccessful attempts to reach a licensing agreement. As the successor organization of the CCC, the CAG is the trademark holder to "Caribana." Following the settlement of the trademark infringement in 2011, the festival’s name was changed to "Scotiabank
Caribbean Carnival." The name changed to "Toronto Caribbean Carnival" in 2015 when Scotiabank discontinued their sponsorship.
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Caribbean
Committee for Cultural Advancement (CCAC) in 1968 when they decided that the event should be an annual celebration. One year later, the CCAC incorporated as the Caribbean Cultural Committee (CCC). This group consisted of ten individuals with its board members mostly made up of expatriate-Caribbean nationals living in Canada. One of these members was Trinidadian-born librarian
4041:(WIPO) ruled that Scotiabank, as the sponsors of the Caribana festival, did not have grounds for being awarded the domain name caribana.com from its current owners the Working Word Co-operative. In 2011, the Ontario Superior Court Of Justice ruled that the Caribana Arts Group (CAG), the successors of Caribbean Cultural Committee (CCC), has legal rights to the name Caribana.
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3864:. Billing itself as a multicultural nation, the Canadian government invited ethno-cultural groups to contribute celebrations with representations of their ethnic diversity. Caribana emerged during a time when many Caribbean residents emigrated to Canada following immigration reform, internationally acclaimed singers were popularizing Caribbean music (for example
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In the 1970s, the parade route originally followed Bloor and Yonge
Streets ending at Toronto City Hall concluding with a concert at Nathan Phillips Square. In the 1980s, the parade ran along Bay and University Avenue. Since 1991, when the parade shifted to Lake Shore Boulevard into Exhibition Place,
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to be held outside of the
Caribbean region. Economic studies estimate that the festival contributes approximately $ 400 million into Ontario's economy each year with the Federal Government being the largest beneficiary. The participation demographics of over 1.2 million attendees indicates that 58%
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By the early 2000s, several organizations formed which represented different groups involved in
Caribana. The TMBA oversaw the making and promotion of mas bands and represented their interests. The Ontario Steelpan Association (OSA), organized in 2002, did the same for the steelpan musicians. These
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As the festival became a permanent annual event, the festival organization became dependent on borrowing money from the City of
Toronto prior to the festival, to be repaid out of festival profits (if any) afterwards. By 1992, the festival had built up a debt to the City. The City of Toronto forgave
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In 1970, the
Carnival Development Association (CDA) organized a different festival under the name “Carnival Extravaganza.” The Carnival was created in response to the CCC's Caribana, which celebrated a pan-Caribbean culture and the Black Canadian identity. The CDA’s intention was to make a Carnival
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bands, and persons using improvised musical instruments. It is not usually accompanied by any singing but will have a lot of whistles and other music makers. Spectators and or persons "playing Mas" will occasionally get themselves covered from head-to-toe with mud, flour, baby powder, or different
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parades are also an influence on
Caribana. Emancipation Day Parades began to celebrate the liberation of the enslaved throughout the Americas and were largely observed around the same time as the Calypso Carnivals. The founders of this parade were largely descendants of fugitive slaves and other
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Plans for the first
Caribana began in February 1966, when a group from Toronto’s West Indian community came together in an abandoned firehall on Bathurst Street and formed a celebration for Canada’s centennial. The group, originally named the Caribbean Centennial Committee, transformed into the
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In 1997, the bandleaders threatened to boycott the parade if they were not paid for the year’s previous festival and provided with the necessary seed-money to fund production for 1997. The bandleaders were organized under the Ontario Mas Producers Association (OMPA) and the Toronto Mas Makers
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By 1980, the two organizing committees came together and the CCC once again was the sole organizing committee of Caribana. During this decade, the competing interests of the Metro police, city officials, and the corporate sponsors of Caribana threatened to overshadow the CCC's leadership. For
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The bands are the most important part of the main Carnival parade. Each band displays an artistic theme through costume-making. In competition with one another during the parade, they pass a judging spot which will rate each band section for its costume design, the energy of masqueraders, the
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Due to an ongoing dispute about the ownership of the trademark "Caribana," the 2006 festival was promoted as "the Toronto Caribbean Carnival (Caribana)". In 2009, the festival was advertised as the "Scotiabank Caribana Festival" which resulted in a trademark lawsuit from CAG, as Caribana was
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Black American immigrants. The parades were marked as a Black victory over the British and operated as a military-style event, displaying military regalia, marching bands, and drum corps. Emancipation Day Parades became the most notable displays by and for Black Canadians prior to Caribana.
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The junior carnival (commonly known as Kiddie Carnival) has run since, at least, the 1990s and provides an opportunity for young masquerades to dance through the streets. Similar to the grand parade, the junior carnival consists of a series of bands with leaders who display costumes in
4124:; consequently, it took place in a "virtual format" on July 3, 2020. In order to accommodate restrictions during the pandemic during the summer of 2021, the festival pivoted to a foodie event with steel pans and masqueraders and replaced the grande parade with a food truck festival.
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The festival continued without a naming sponsor until 2017, when Peeks became the new title sponsor and the festival became the Peeks Toronto Caribbean Carnival. In June 2019, Peeks' title sponsorship was removed and the festival was called the Toronto Caribbean Carnival for 2019.
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3958:(the first Black judge of the Federal Court of Appeal) were among the community leaders who organized the first Caribana. The CCC changed its name to the Caribbean Committee for Cultural Advancement (CCCA) in 1968 and Caribbean Cultural Committee (CCC) in 1969.
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Scotiabank's unsuccessful attempt to gain control of the potentially lucrative website name became the basis for a case before the global tribunal that resolves such domain name disputes – a case that lawyers say could have set a wide-ranging and controversial
3922:. From 1952 to 1964, CANEWA produced, funded, and hosted these annual one-day celebrations of Caribbean culture through food, dance, and music as fundraisers for scholarships to assist Black students to attend recently desegregated schools in southern Ontario.
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In 2001, the City of Toronto granted permits for the TMBA to organize the parade. In 2002, the parade and king and queen crowning were also organized by the TMBA. The following year, the CCC was again the sole organizer of Caribana’s events.
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The name Caribana was invented by the organizers to capture the notions of Canada, the Caribbean, bacchanal and merrymaking. A naming dispute arose over the use of "Caribana." The Caribbean Cultural Committee claimed that it legally held the
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has actively participated in Caribana since 1977 and has been awarded the Band of the Year twenty times. A King and Queen of the Band is also judged, and winning is considered claiming the biggest prize of the festival.
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In 1991, the Caribana parade was moved to Exhibition Place and Lakeshore Boulevard. Previously, participants jumped up and played mas down Yonge Street or University Avenue on their way to the Toronto Islands.
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the entire outstanding debt after the 1992 event. The same year, Caribana developed a new partnership with Toronto-area hotels. In 1993, the organization fired its operating chief. Following
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creativity of presentation and so on. Work on the costumes begin soon after the previous year's celebration and usually takes one full year to complete all of the costumes. As of 2017,
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3718:. In Caribbean French-creole this means "day open" or morning. The J'ouvert portion of Carnival is the more rhythmic part of the Carnival celebration and is usually featured with
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which was more “authentic” and reflected Trinidadian culture. In 1974 and 1976, the province turned down an application by the CCC and gave a substantial sum to the CDA.
252:. The main stakeholders of the events are the Toronto Mas' Bands Association, the Organization of Calypso Performing Artistes, and the Ontario Steelpan Association.
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280:(such as Austin Clarke's "Children of the Scheme" which dealt with the plight of Caribbean women who came to Canada on the domestic immigrant worker scheme); and
5108:"York University Libraries | Clara Thomas Archives & Special Collections online exhibits | Caribana buttons · The Jean Augustine Political Button Collection"
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3822:(Carnival Ball): The gala, debuted in 2008, is an evening of elegance celebrating Carnival music, arts, and the works of the pioneers of the Caribana festival.
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3978:'s performance in 1997, many observers raised concerns regarding cultural retention and festival organizers' moral-cultural responsibility. At launch in
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This was introduced in 2017 to allow the Younger kids to showcase Jr King and Queen's at Malvern Town Centre before the Jr Grand Parade & Family Day.
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from 2011 to 2015). In October 2015, Scotiabank announced that it would end its sponsorship with Toronto's Caribbean Carnival parade after six years.
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3990:. With attendance down, the board chair blamed the federal and provincial tourism ministries for not funding their American advertising campaign.
237:'s largest Festival, frequented by over 1.3 million tourists each year for the festival's Grand Parade and an overall attendance of 2.3 million.
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of Trinidad and Tobago worked with Caribbean Cultural Committee to increase support from the business community; the committee received around
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example, in 1985, the police recommended moving the popular Olympic Island picnic event to the mainland but the picnics continued until 2009.
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has been awarded Queen of the Carnival nine times and was subject of "Becoming a Queen" a ninety minute documentary which screened at the
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associations, which also included the Ontario Calypso Performing Artistes (OCPA), formed in 1981, became key stakeholders in Caribana.
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calls the event a "beacon of hope" for all Canadians, as a symbol of racial harmony. "Carry a Can to Caribana" launched, in support of
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3748:(parties): Leading up to the main parade a number of Caribbean music artists perform in Toronto. These parties are generally called "
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and over one million individuals from the United States. Approximately 72% of participants have previously attended Caribana.
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that year from the national, provincial, and city governments, but it cost about twice that to run the festival. In 2006, the
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being played from large speakers on the flat-bed of 18 wheeler trucks. Much of the music associated with the event, such as
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event is the final weekend which is punctuated by the street Parade of Bands. This weekend traditionally coincides with the
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In May 2010, the festival added a new initiative to involve post-secondary schools. The only college to participate was
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has led a band since his brother recruited him from the Trinidad Carnival to help organize the first Caribana in 1967.
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In 2019 UNESCO the Canadian Commission officially recognizes the festival and names it a Cultural heritage property.
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Caribana has run annually since 1967, first performed as a gift from Canada's Caribbean community, as a tribute to
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The founding organizers' goal of using festival profits to create a Black community centre remain unfulfilled.
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Phillip, Lyndon (2007). "Reading Caribana 1997: Black Youth, Puff Daddy, Style, and DiasporaTransformations".
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Phillip, Lyndon. “Reading Caribana 1997: Black Youth, Puff Daddy, Style, and Diaspora Transformations” 2007.
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In addition to the main parade, the Caribbean community also celebrates a smaller pre-dawn parade known as
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4695:"Film about Toronto Carnival takes centre stage at this year's CaribbeanTales International Film Festival"
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in August. The street Parade of Bands consists of costumed dancers (called "Mas players") along with live
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The night before the grande parade, all the kings and queens (leaders) of the bands compete on stage at
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School of Hospitality, Tourism and Culture, where they created a costume theme of the Tropical Amazon.
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Sutton, Robert (January 20, 1986). "Caribana will stay on Islands despite police pleas, group says".
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4291:"African Canadian Online: An Online Resource by the Centre for the Study of Black Cultures in Canada"
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Talk tents contain shows featuring storytellers, comedians and others well versed in oral traditions.
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Caribana also taps into the legacy of the pre-Lenten Calypso Carnival celebrations organized by the
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along the parade route. In 2009, barricades were introduced to separate the spectators from those
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Several events occur over the course of the festivities celebrating Caribbean culture. While the
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Association (TMMA). The OMPA would become the Toronto Mas Band Association (TMBA) in 2000.
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5565:"Toronto Staff Report: 2006 Cultural Grant Allocation to the Toronto Mas Band Association"
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Beginning in July, the multi-week festivities lead up to the parade which occurs over the
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3752:", for a French-Creole Caribbean word meaning "festival", and usually start in June/July.
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is the most-well known festivities, events vary per year and in the past has included
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in Barbados, and other similar festivals in Cuba, Haiti, and the Dominican Republic.
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While the Caribbean Festival holds events over several weeks, the culmination of the
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long weekend, the first weekend in August. The festival also coincides with August 1
234:
5424:
MacKinnon, Donna Jean (August 5, 1993). "Caribana draws grumbles and rave reviews".
5349:
Small, Peter; Jane Armstrong (August 11, 1992). "Caribana expecting bigger profit".
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6431:
6203:
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5591:"Toronto Caribbean Carnival [Caribana]: 2006 Report to the City of Toronto"
5471:"Toronto Caribbean Carnival [Caribana]: 2006 Report to the City of Toronto"
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5218:"In photos: a 50-year retrospective of Toronto Caribbean Carnival - NOW Magazine"
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4883:"Photo of some "Blue Devils" during the 2007 Cricket World Cup-In the Caribbean"
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4316:"50 years later, the beat goes on for the city's Caribbean festival | CBC News"
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3903:, Caribana's Caribbean influences include traditions from many of the islands:
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4808:"Trinidad & Tobago's Folklore and Legends The Mayaro Soucouyant (Archive)"
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The 2020 and 2021 editions of the event were cancelled because of the global
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Dreams by Caribbean & Canadian Cultural Club (The 4 C's)/Louis Saldenah
321:
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218:
5763:"Toronto Caribbean Carnival 2020 cancelled due to the coronavirus pandemic"
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Depradine, Lincoln (April 10, 1997). "Lack of funding threatens Caribana".
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The Caribana Festival: Continuity, Change, Crisis, and an Alternative Music
5245:
The Caribana Festival: Continuity, Change, Crisis, and an Alternative Music
5199:
The Caribana Festival: Continuity, Change, Crisis, and an Alternative Music
5052:"Fifty years of celebrating island culture at Toronto's Caribbean Carnival"
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Started in 1980, this judged event crowns a Calypso Monarch for the year.
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Jackson, Peter. "The politics of the streets: a geography of Caribana".
4835:"Of Myths Folklore and Legends – The Story of Lougarous and Soukouyants"
4473:"Louis Saldenah wins Toronto Caribbean Carnival top prize for 18th time"
4448:"Louis Saldenah named Toronto Caribbean Carnival top band for 20th time"
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5547:"The festival for all – Envoy targets Board of Trade to boost Caribana"
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Polyphony: The Bulletin of the Multicultural History Society of Ontario
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Depradine, Lincoln (April 24, 1997). "Top bands out of Caribana '97".
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Trinidad Carnival: The Cultural Politics of a Transnational Festival
5325:"50 years later, the beat goes on for the city's Caribbean festival"
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365:'s School of Hospitality, Tourism, and Culture for the 2010 parade.
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5801:"Toronto Caribbean Carnival will be a food truck festival in 2021"
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4784:. Trinidad Investment and Development Co. (TIDCO). Archived from
4757:"No competition for Toronto's first Caribbean Queen 5- years ago"
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displayed every book published by a Caribbean writer, including
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4426:"Centennial College students getting into the Caribana spirit"
4362:"COMMUNITYComments3 Caribana and the meaning of ordered chaos"
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In 1993, the Caribana Marketplace covered market was added at
5082:"Caribana and the meaning of ordered chaos - Spacing Toronto"
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The Caribana Parade: Storming and Issues of Power and Control
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4642:"Carnival Queen Joella Crichton's story subject of new film"
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5664:"CScotiabank won't renew sponsorship of Caribbean Carnival"
5409:
Wright, Lisa (July 20, 1993). "Caribana bumps and grinds".
5733:"Scotiabank won't renew sponsorship of Caribbean Carnival"
5364:
Henton, Darcy (May 1, 1993). "Tourism faces new economy".
5914:
Caribana's golden anniversary: an archival research guide
3714:(Pronounced "Jou-vay"). This too has been modelled after
5720:"It's no longer Caribana: Festival unveils its new name"
5638:"Caribana founders not giving up on reclaiming festival"
5026:"Carnival, Blackness and the Precarity of Public Safety"
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culture and traditions held each summer in the city of
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5690:"Scotiabank fails in bid to snag Caribana domain name"
5785:
Toronto Caribbean Carnival cancelled due to COVID-19
5752:, News Release, Ontario Science Centre, June 1, 2017.
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Louis Saldenah, Harold Saldenah, and Carlos Douglas
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3888:'s fight against the Canadian heavyweight champion
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5910:: an interactive and collaborative history project
4383:Turnbull, Barbara (July 30, 1993). "Party time!".
1270:Keith Sheppard, Joe Brown, Steve Dyal, Kenn Shah
5589:Festival Management Committee (September 2006).
5469:Festival Management Committee (September 2006).
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4266:"A Brief History Of Toronto's Caribana Festival"
4235:(Souvenir ed.). Toronto: Ballantine Books.
4005:In September 2004, after the 37th festival, the
99:716 Gordon Baker Rd. Suite 201, Toronto, Ontario
5286:(master’s thesis). York University. p. 77.
5251:(master’s thesis). York University. p. 50.
5205:(master's thesis). York University. p. 30.
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4037:for "Caribana". In April 2010, a panel for the
2869:Ken de Freitas/Nipp Davis and Courtney Doldron
1091:The Treasures of Nursery Rhyme and Fairy Tales
5298:"Toronto strike forces Caribana event to move"
4398:reporter, Nicole Baute Staff (July 30, 2009).
2914:King Solomon's Dream/Visions of the Architect
5974:
5918:Clara Thomas Archives and Special Collections
4731:"Caribana Queen and King crowned at festival"
1303:Alpha King, Whitfield Belasco, and Nip Davis
8:
4611:
4609:
4607:
4605:
4603:
4400:"Don't fence us out, Caribana revellers say"
4132:The entire event, which is one of the first
3876:activities including the Canadian visits by
3764:(Food Fest): Originally taking place on the
276:who was the centrepiece of the exhibition);
21:
5908:Toronto Caribbean Carnival virtual timeline
5172:
5170:
2917:Biblical and Mythical Dreams/The Architect
5981:
5967:
5959:
5895:
4956:
4954:
4725:
4723:
3577:
2498:
1363:
1324:CaribbeanTales International Film Festival
1256:Tout C'est Beau/Wonderful World of Colour
439:
159:Organization of Calypso Performing Artists
27:
20:
4668:"Seventh straight win for Carnival Queen"
1226:Nip Davis and Earnest Castello/Kenn Shah
250:emancipation of slaves of African descent
5631:
5629:
5383:. Toronto ON. May 21, 1993. p. A07.
4782:"Old-Time Carnival Characters (Archive)"
4039:World Intellectual Property Organization
1318:to be named King and Queen of Carnival.
5799:Simonpillai, Radheyan (June 15, 2021).
5750:"Peeks Toronto Caribbean Carnival 2017"
5522:"Caribana renamed to avert legal fight"
4833:Fontaine, Thomson (December 11, 2006).
4189:
4070:
333:
213:, formerly and affectionately known as
5563:Eastwood, Donald G. (April 26, 2006).
5177:Sheppard, Patrick (1984). "Caribana".
4932:"Toronto Caribbean Carnival, Caribana"
4911:from the original on December 21, 2021
4863:from the original on December 21, 2021
4231:Foster, Cecil; Schwarz, Chris (1995).
4211:Toronto Caribbean Carnival or Caribana
3856:A Caribana parade participant in 1977.
3772:. Picnics are two days of feasting on
3578:
2499:
1364:
440:
316:. Floats can also be found which play
6657:Festivals of Caribbean culture abroad
6607:Caribbean-Canadian culture in Ontario
5854:
5852:
5823:
5821:
5662:Mangione, Kendra (October 15, 2015).
5144:
5142:
5140:
5130:
5128:
5050:Campbell, Mark V. (August 10, 2017).
4998:
4996:
4994:
4992:
4857:"Artiste: 3 Canal, Song: Mud Madness"
4617:"Caribana stalwarts honoured at gala"
4059:Scotiabank Toronto Caribbean Carnival
4049:The first named festival sponsor was
1036:Outa Dis World - Trinidad and Tobago
7:
6622:Recurring events established in 1967
5609:"Caribana trademark lawsuit settled"
5062:from the original on January 4, 2022
4905:"Artiste: 3 Canal, Song: Blue, 1997"
4424:Centennial College (July 27, 2010).
4226:
4224:
4222:
4220:
4218:
2866:So Nice So Sweet/Sunrise and Sunset
1289:The Fantasy of the American Indians
1223:Festival of Fans/Noctural Emissions
5024:Taylor, Sharine (January 5, 2021).
4693:DeMara, Bruce (September 5, 2021).
3916:Canadian Negro Women's Organization
1105:Selwyn Davis and Whitfield Belasco
5379:"Caribana fires operating chief".
5216:Otchere, Shantal (July 28, 2017).
4810:. Paria Publishing. Archived from
4233:Caribana, the greatest celebration
4149:of attendees are from outside the
3895:Introduced by immigrants from the
3768:, the island picnics now occur at
248:observances that commemorate the
14:
6602:Black Canadian culture in Toronto
5688:El Akkad, Omar (April 26, 2010).
5495:Halstead, Joe (January 4, 2002).
5323:Cheung, Michelle (May 31, 2017).
1113:Tribute to Sparrow and Kitchener
73:Celebration of Caribbean heritage
6597:Afro-Caribbean culture in Canada
6568:
6554:
6043:
5636:Winsa, Patty (August 10, 2014).
5497:"2001 Caribana Financial Report"
4364:. Spacing Toronto. July 31, 2017
4103:
4094:
4082:
4073:
3868:sang to a sold-out crowd at the
3546:
2860:Jason Connelle/Courtney Doldron
2467:
1332:
408:
354:
345:
336:
229:, Canada. It is a pan-Caribbean
4937:Encyclopedia of Music in Canada
3800:; drinking sorrell, Mauby, and
3740:Junior King and Queen Showcase:
2886:Nip Davis and Courtney Doldron
1734:Nip Davis and Courtney Doldron
1278:Splendor of the Dark Continent
6652:1967 establishments in Ontario
4264:Trip, Culture (June 1, 2016).
233:event and has been billed as
1:
5722:, Carib101.com, May 25, 2011.
5607:Winsa, Patty (May 14, 2017).
5520:Rusk, James (July 10, 2002).
5003:Gomez, Henry (July 6, 2021).
4907:. YouTube. January 13, 2008.
4859:. YouTube. January 18, 2008.
4341:"History | Saldenah Carnival"
4200:. Toronto Caribbean Carnival.
1259:Earnest Castello/Noel Audain
1168:From the Caribbean with Love
1072:Arnold Hughes and Associates
151:Toronto Mas Bands Association
138:Festival Management Committee
16:Caribbean festival in Toronto
6662:Black Canadian organizations
5829:"The Caribana success story"
5765:. Global News. April 9, 2020
4975:10.1016/0962-6298(92)90045-u
4198:"Toronto Caribbean Festival"
4178:List of festivals in Toronto
4173:List of festivals in Ontario
4116:COVID-19 alternative formats
3901:Trinidad and Tobago Carnival
155:Ontario Steelpan Association
4168:List of festivals in Canada
3832:(steel band street parties)
6678:
6612:Music festivals in Toronto
5545:Doyle-Marshall, William,
5428:. Toronto ON. p. A06.
5413:. Toronto ON. p. A06.
5353:. Toronto ON. p. A06.
5277:Lydon, Phillip A. (1998).
5242:Lydon, Phillip A. (1998).
5196:Lydon, Phillip A. (1998).
5150:"Caribana Toronto History"
4387:. Toronto ON. p. A06.
4015:City of Toronto government
3840:
211:Toronto Caribbean Carnival
147:City of Toronto government
22:Toronto Caribbean Carnival
6548:
6041:
5922:York University Libraries
5789:, published April 9, 2020
5368:. Toronto ON. p. A2.
5112:archives.library.yorku.ca
2948:High Priest of El Dorado
441:Band of the Year winners
26:
6627:Annual events in Toronto
6194:Belarus, Russia, Ukraine
4885:. Flickr. March 23, 2007
3796:, fried fish, cow foot,
3579:Caylpso Monarch winners
2911:John Kam/Rudy Ramparsad
4583:"CARIBANA PAST WINNERS"
3918:(CANEWA) and headed by
3804:; and dancing to music.
3733:Junior Carnival Parade:
1796:Wave of Light and Life
1310:King and Queen Showcase
268:(for example the first
124:Chief Executive Officer
6561:Catholicism portal
4930:Annemarie Gallaugher.
4089:Logo from 2011 to 2015
4057:from 2007 to 2011 and
3980:Nathan Phillips Square
3956:Julius Alexander Isaac
3941:Administrative history
3882:Martin Luther King Jr.
3857:
2863:A Mystical Bird/Chaos
1748:Dancing in the Street
1212:A Compendium of Games
361:A costume designed by
5551:The Trinidad Guardian
3988:Daily Bread Food Bank
3874:Civil Rights Movement
3855:
3841:Further information:
2931:Northern Reflections
1234:Modes of the Seasons
1201:Shaka's Dream Africa
1080:Nations of the World
5553:, September 9, 2004.
4788:on September 7, 2004
4151:Greater Toronto Area
4136:along with those in
4128:Economics and impact
3705:
3637:John 'Jayson' Perez
3611:John 'Jayson' Perez
3603:John 'Jayson' Perez
3595:John 'Jayson' Perez
3560:adding missing items
2481:adding missing items
1346:adding missing items
1300:Flight Into Fantasy
1102:Flight into Fantasy
1047:Beyond the Darkness
1014:The Golden Antilles
422:adding missing items
6632:Carnivals in Canada
6381:Trinidad and Tobago
6033:Ati-Atihan festival
5945:43.6322°N 79.4169°W
5941: /
5903:Caribana Arts Group
5866:on February 4, 2022
5787:http://www.cp24.com
4963:Political Geography
4134:Caribbean Carnivals
4055:Scotiabank Caribana
3925:The centuries-long
3862:Canada's Centennial
3843:History of Caribana
3580:
2501:
1731:Sunrise and Sunset
1366:
1365:Queen of the Bands
1179:Birds of a Feather
442:
217:, is a festival of
134:Parent organization
49:2006-present (FMC)
47:1967-2006 (CAG/CCC)
23:
6642:Parades in Toronto
6359:Dominican Republic
5695:The Globe and Mail
4837:. TheDominican.Net
3858:
3788:, goat head soup,
3558:; you can help by
2500:King of the Bands
2479:; you can help by
1759:Penney Sutherland
1344:; you can help by
1157:Island in the Sun
982:The Art of Nature
420:; you can help by
400:Centennial College
363:Centennial College
202:torontocarnival.ca
108:Official language
65:Active, non-profit
6617:Parades in Canada
6584:
6583:
5950:43.6322; -79.4169
4814:on March 13, 2002
4648:. August 28, 2021
4122:COVID-19 pandemic
3716:Trinidad Carnival
3703:
3702:
3576:
3575:
3533:
3532:
2951:Poetry in Motion
2900:Light After Dark
2877:Courtney Doldron
2497:
2496:
2462:
2461:
2419:Hyacinth Noreiga
2372:Yvonne Alexander
1812:Kenne de Freitas
1776:Venetia Saldenah
1745:Dance Ka Lay Lay
1742:Natasha McCollin
1362:
1361:
1307:
1306:
1248:Earnest Castello
1237:Earnest Castello
1146:Power of the SKy
438:
437:
389:Marilyn Bell Park
376:Whitfield Belasco
207:
206:
57:Cultural festival
6669:
6575:World portal
6573:
6572:
6559:
6558:
6464:Negros y Blancos
6047:
5992:around the world
5983:
5976:
5969:
5960:
5956:
5955:
5953:
5952:
5951:
5946:
5942:
5939:
5938:
5937:
5934:
5899:
5894:
5893:
5891:Official website
5876:
5875:
5873:
5871:
5862:. Archived from
5856:
5847:
5846:
5844:
5842:
5825:
5816:
5815:
5813:
5811:
5796:
5790:
5781:
5775:
5774:
5772:
5770:
5759:
5753:
5747:
5741:
5740:
5729:
5723:
5717:
5711:
5710:
5704:
5702:
5685:
5679:
5678:
5676:
5674:
5668:CTV News Toronto
5659:
5653:
5652:
5650:
5648:
5633:
5624:
5623:
5621:
5619:
5604:
5598:
5597:
5595:
5586:
5580:
5579:
5577:
5575:
5569:
5560:
5554:
5543:
5537:
5536:
5534:
5532:
5517:
5511:
5510:
5508:
5506:
5501:
5492:
5486:
5485:
5483:
5481:
5475:
5466:
5460:
5459:
5451:
5445:
5444:
5436:
5430:
5429:
5421:
5415:
5414:
5406:
5400:
5399:
5391:
5385:
5384:
5376:
5370:
5369:
5361:
5355:
5354:
5346:
5340:
5339:
5337:
5335:
5320:
5314:
5313:
5311:
5309:
5294:
5288:
5287:
5285:
5274:
5268:
5267:
5259:
5253:
5252:
5250:
5239:
5233:
5232:
5230:
5228:
5213:
5207:
5206:
5204:
5193:
5187:
5186:
5174:
5165:
5164:
5162:
5160:
5146:
5135:
5132:
5123:
5122:
5120:
5118:
5104:
5098:
5097:
5095:
5093:
5078:
5072:
5071:
5069:
5067:
5047:
5041:
5040:
5038:
5036:
5021:
5015:
5014:
5000:
4987:
4986:
4958:
4949:
4948:
4946:
4944:
4927:
4921:
4920:
4918:
4916:
4901:
4895:
4894:
4892:
4890:
4879:
4873:
4872:
4870:
4868:
4853:
4847:
4846:
4844:
4842:
4830:
4824:
4823:
4821:
4819:
4804:
4798:
4797:
4795:
4793:
4778:
4772:
4771:
4769:
4767:
4753:
4747:
4746:
4744:
4742:
4735:The Toronto Star
4727:
4718:
4717:
4715:
4713:
4699:The Toronto Star
4690:
4684:
4683:
4681:
4679:
4674:. August 9, 2017
4664:
4658:
4657:
4655:
4653:
4638:
4632:
4631:
4629:
4627:
4613:
4598:
4597:
4595:
4593:
4579:
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4483:
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4458:
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4421:
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4410:
4395:
4389:
4388:
4380:
4374:
4373:
4371:
4369:
4358:
4352:
4351:
4349:
4347:
4337:
4331:
4330:
4328:
4326:
4312:
4306:
4305:
4303:
4301:
4287:
4281:
4280:
4278:
4276:
4261:
4255:
4254:
4228:
4213:
4208:
4202:
4201:
4194:
4107:
4098:
4086:
4077:
4012:
3931:Emancipation Day
3691:
3687:
3673:
3669:
3655:
3651:
3629:
3625:
3581:
3571:
3568:
3550:
3549:
3543:
3529:
3525:
3516:
3512:
3503:
3499:
3476:
3472:
3452:
3448:
3428:
3424:
3404:
3400:
3380:
3376:
3356:
3352:
3332:
3328:
3308:
3304:
3284:
3280:
3260:
3256:
3236:
3232:
3212:
3208:
3188:
3184:
3164:
3160:
3140:
3136:
3116:
3112:
3092:
3088:
3068:
3064:
3044:
3040:
3020:
3016:
2996:
2992:
2972:
2968:
2934:Realms of Light
2846:
2842:
2822:
2818:
2798:
2794:
2774:
2770:
2750:
2746:
2726:
2722:
2702:
2698:
2678:
2674:
2654:
2650:
2630:
2626:
2606:
2602:
2582:
2578:
2564:
2560:
2551:
2547:
2538:
2534:
2502:
2492:
2489:
2471:
2470:
2464:
2458:
2454:
2445:
2441:
2432:
2428:
2411:
2407:
2398:
2394:
2385:
2381:
2358:
2354:
2334:
2330:
2310:
2306:
2286:
2282:
2262:
2258:
2238:
2234:
2214:
2210:
2190:
2186:
2166:
2162:
2142:
2138:
2118:
2114:
2094:
2090:
2070:
2066:
2046:
2042:
2022:
2018:
1998:
1994:
1974:
1970:
1950:
1946:
1926:
1922:
1902:
1898:
1878:
1874:
1854:
1850:
1830:
1826:
1809:
1805:
1765:Golden Antilles
1711:
1707:
1687:
1683:
1663:
1659:
1639:
1635:
1615:
1611:
1591:
1587:
1567:
1563:
1543:
1539:
1519:
1515:
1495:
1491:
1471:
1467:
1447:
1443:
1429:
1425:
1416:
1412:
1403:
1399:
1390:Joella Crichton
1367:
1357:
1354:
1336:
1335:
1329:
1245:Tales of Utopia
1171:Russell Charter
1124:Birds Evolution
1069:Of Men and Gods
1003:
999:
972:
968:
952:
948:
932:
928:
912:
908:
892:
888:
872:
868:
852:
848:
832:
828:
812:
808:
792:
788:
772:
768:
752:
748:
732:
728:
712:
708:
692:
688:
672:
668:
652:
648:
632:
628:
612:
608:
592:
588:
572:
568:
551:
547:
531:
527:
510:
506:
490:
486:
470:
466:
443:
433:
430:
412:
411:
405:
358:
349:
340:
246:Emancipation Day
173:
172:CA$ 3.33 million
128:Mischka Crichton
31:
24:
6677:
6676:
6672:
6671:
6670:
6668:
6667:
6666:
6587:
6586:
6585:
6580:
6567:
6553:
6544:
6528:
6512:
6385:
6317:
6247:
6048:
6039:
5993:
5987:
5949:
5947:
5943:
5940:
5935:
5932:
5930:
5928:
5927:
5889:
5888:
5885:
5880:
5879:
5869:
5867:
5858:
5857:
5850:
5840:
5838:
5827:
5826:
5819:
5809:
5807:
5798:
5797:
5793:
5782:
5778:
5768:
5766:
5761:
5760:
5756:
5748:
5744:
5739:. October 2015.
5731:
5730:
5726:
5718:
5714:
5700:
5698:
5687:
5686:
5682:
5672:
5670:
5661:
5660:
5656:
5646:
5644:
5635:
5634:
5627:
5617:
5615:
5606:
5605:
5601:
5593:
5588:
5587:
5583:
5573:
5571:
5567:
5562:
5561:
5557:
5544:
5540:
5530:
5528:
5519:
5518:
5514:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5494:
5493:
5489:
5479:
5477:
5473:
5468:
5467:
5463:
5453:
5452:
5448:
5438:
5437:
5433:
5423:
5422:
5418:
5408:
5407:
5403:
5393:
5392:
5388:
5378:
5377:
5373:
5363:
5362:
5358:
5348:
5347:
5343:
5333:
5331:
5322:
5321:
5317:
5307:
5305:
5304:. July 21, 2009
5296:
5295:
5291:
5283:
5276:
5275:
5271:
5261:
5260:
5256:
5248:
5241:
5240:
5236:
5226:
5224:
5215:
5214:
5210:
5202:
5195:
5194:
5190:
5176:
5175:
5168:
5158:
5156:
5154:flagsandcolours
5148:
5147:
5138:
5133:
5126:
5116:
5114:
5106:
5105:
5101:
5091:
5089:
5088:. July 31, 2017
5086:Spacing Toronto
5080:
5079:
5075:
5065:
5063:
5049:
5048:
5044:
5034:
5032:
5023:
5022:
5018:
5002:
5001:
4990:
4960:
4959:
4952:
4942:
4940:
4929:
4928:
4924:
4914:
4912:
4903:
4902:
4898:
4888:
4886:
4881:
4880:
4876:
4866:
4864:
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4854:
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4840:
4838:
4832:
4831:
4827:
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4806:
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4801:
4791:
4789:
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4779:
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4763:
4755:
4754:
4750:
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4728:
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4711:
4709:
4692:
4691:
4687:
4677:
4675:
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4665:
4661:
4651:
4649:
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4615:
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4601:
4591:
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4491:
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4470:
4466:
4456:
4454:
4446:
4445:
4441:
4431:
4429:
4423:
4422:
4418:
4408:
4406:
4397:
4396:
4392:
4382:
4381:
4377:
4367:
4365:
4360:
4359:
4355:
4345:
4343:
4339:
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4334:
4324:
4322:
4314:
4313:
4309:
4299:
4297:
4289:
4288:
4284:
4274:
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4263:
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4258:
4243:
4230:
4229:
4216:
4209:
4205:
4196:
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4186:
4159:
4130:
4118:
4113:
4112:
4111:
4108:
4099:
4090:
4087:
4078:
4047:
4030:
4010:
3943:
3920:Kay Livingstone
3866:Harry Belafonte
3850:
3845:
3839:
3766:Toronto Islands
3729:
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3536:Calypso Monarch
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2517:Band Leader(s)
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1751:Ken de Freitas
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1320:Joella Crichton
1316:Lamport Stadium
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1160:Louis Saldenah
1149:Eddie Merchant
1138:Louis Saldenah
1127:Eddie Merchant
1116:Eddie Merchant
1094:Eddie Merchant
1083:Eddie Merchant
1061:Louis Saldenah
1050:Louis Saldenah
1039:Louis Saldenah
1028:Louis Saldenah
1006:Louis Saldenah
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5883:External links
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4007:consul general
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3927:Black Canadian
3890:George Chuvalo
3870:O'Keefe Centre
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5970:
5965:
5964:
5961:
5957:
5954:
5923:
5919:
5915:
5912:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5898:
5892:
5887:
5886:
5882:
5865:
5861:
5855:
5853:
5849:
5837:. May 3, 2010
5836:
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5806:
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5784:
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5758:
5755:
5751:
5746:
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5734:
5728:
5725:
5721:
5716:
5713:
5709:
5697:
5696:
5691:
5684:
5681:
5669:
5665:
5658:
5655:
5643:
5639:
5632:
5630:
5626:
5614:
5610:
5603:
5600:
5596:. p. 17.
5592:
5585:
5582:
5566:
5559:
5556:
5552:
5548:
5542:
5539:
5527:
5523:
5516:
5513:
5498:
5491:
5488:
5472:
5465:
5462:
5458:. p. 18.
5457:
5450:
5447:
5443:. p. 15.
5442:
5435:
5432:
5427:
5420:
5417:
5412:
5405:
5402:
5397:
5390:
5387:
5382:
5375:
5372:
5367:
5360:
5357:
5352:
5345:
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5330:
5326:
5319:
5316:
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5299:
5293:
5290:
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5270:
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5212:
5209:
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5192:
5189:
5184:
5180:
5173:
5171:
5167:
5155:
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5145:
5143:
5141:
5137:
5131:
5129:
5125:
5113:
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5103:
5100:
5087:
5083:
5077:
5074:
5061:
5057:
5056:TopToronto.ca
5053:
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5017:
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4957:
4955:
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4939:
4938:
4933:
4926:
4923:
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4906:
4900:
4897:
4884:
4878:
4875:
4862:
4858:
4852:
4849:
4836:
4829:
4826:
4813:
4809:
4803:
4800:
4787:
4783:
4777:
4774:
4762:
4758:
4752:
4749:
4737:. August 2008
4736:
4732:
4726:
4724:
4720:
4708:
4704:
4700:
4696:
4689:
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4673:
4669:
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4634:
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4490:
4478:
4474:
4468:
4465:
4453:
4449:
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4440:
4428:. Newswire.ca
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4207:
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4169:
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4154:
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4147:
4143:
4139:
4138:New York City
4135:
4127:
4125:
4123:
4115:
4106:
4101:
4097:
4092:
4085:
4080:
4076:
4071:
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4060:
4056:
4052:
4044:
4042:
4040:
4036:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4018:
4016:
4011:CA$ 1 million
4008:
4003:
3999:
3995:
3991:
3989:
3985:
3981:
3977:
3971:
3967:
3963:
3959:
3957:
3953:
3952:Charles Roach
3949:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3932:
3929:tradition of
3928:
3923:
3921:
3917:
3912:
3910:
3906:
3902:
3898:
3893:
3891:
3887:
3883:
3879:
3875:
3872:in Toronto),
3871:
3867:
3863:
3854:
3847:
3844:
3836:
3831:
3827:
3824:
3821:
3818:
3815:
3812:
3809:
3808:Calypso tents
3806:
3803:
3799:
3795:
3791:
3787:
3783:
3779:
3775:
3771:
3770:Ontario Place
3767:
3763:
3760:
3757:
3754:
3751:
3747:
3744:
3741:
3738:
3734:
3731:
3730:
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3698:
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3602:
3599:
3598:
3594:
3591:
3590:
3586:
3583:
3582:
3570:
3561:
3557:
3554:This list is
3552:
3545:
3544:
3541:
3535:
3527:
3526:
3518:
3514:
3513:
3505:
3501:
3500:
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3408:
3406:
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3401:
3393:
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3378:
3377:
3369:
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3362:
3360:
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3329:
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3318:
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3306:
3305:
3297:
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3258:
3257:
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3201:
3198:
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3105:
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3101:
3098:
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3081:
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3022:
3018:
3017:
3009:
3006:
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2998:
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2985:
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2941:
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2936:
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2906:
2902:
2899:
2896:
2893:
2890:
2889:
2885:
2882:
2879:
2876:
2873:
2872:
2868:
2865:
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2856:
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2844:
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2835:
2832:
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2811:
2808:
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2804:
2802:
2800:
2796:
2795:
2787:
2784:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2776:
2772:
2771:
2763:
2760:
2759:
2756:
2754:
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2748:
2747:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2728:
2724:
2723:
2715:
2712:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2704:
2700:
2699:
2691:
2688:
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2664:
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2660:
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2656:
2652:
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2643:
2640:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2632:
2628:
2627:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2608:
2604:
2603:
2595:
2592:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2584:
2580:
2579:
2571:
2568:
2567:
2562:
2561:
2553:
2549:
2548:
2540:
2536:
2535:
2527:
2524:
2521:
2520:
2516:
2513:
2510:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2491:
2482:
2478:
2475:This list is
2473:
2466:
2465:
2456:
2455:
2447:
2443:
2442:
2434:
2430:
2429:
2421:
2418:
2415:
2414:
2409:
2408:
2400:
2396:
2395:
2387:
2383:
2382:
2374:
2371:
2368:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2360:
2356:
2355:
2347:
2344:
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2336:
2332:
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2323:
2320:
2319:
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2299:
2296:
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2290:
2288:
2284:
2283:
2275:
2272:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2264:
2260:
2259:
2251:
2248:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2240:
2236:
2235:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2216:
2212:
2211:
2203:
2200:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2192:
2188:
2187:
2179:
2176:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2168:
2164:
2163:
2155:
2152:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2144:
2140:
2139:
2131:
2128:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2120:
2116:
2115:
2107:
2104:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2092:
2091:
2083:
2080:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2072:
2068:
2067:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2044:
2043:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2020:
2019:
2011:
2008:
2007:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1996:
1995:
1987:
1984:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1976:
1972:
1971:
1963:
1960:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1952:
1948:
1947:
1939:
1936:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1928:
1924:
1923:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1904:
1900:
1899:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1876:
1875:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1852:
1851:
1843:
1840:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1832:
1828:
1827:
1819:
1816:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1806:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1789:
1788:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1771:
1767:
1764:
1762:Amazon Queen
1761:
1758:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1747:
1744:
1741:
1738:
1737:
1733:
1730:
1728:Lady of Life
1727:
1725:Danielle Lee
1724:
1721:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1713:
1709:
1708:
1700:
1697:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1689:
1685:
1684:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1661:
1660:
1652:
1649:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1637:
1636:
1628:
1625:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1613:
1612:
1604:
1601:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1593:
1589:
1588:
1580:
1577:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1569:
1565:
1564:
1556:
1553:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1541:
1540:
1532:
1529:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1521:
1517:
1516:
1508:
1505:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1493:
1492:
1484:
1481:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1473:
1469:
1468:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1445:
1444:
1436:
1433:
1432:
1427:
1426:
1418:
1414:
1413:
1405:
1401:
1400:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1385:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1368:
1356:
1347:
1343:
1340:This list is
1338:
1331:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1309:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1269:
1267:Snow Kingdom
1266:
1263:
1262:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1225:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1207:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1196:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1119:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1093:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1005:
1001:
1000:
992:
989:
988:
985:Kenney Combs
984:
981:
978:
977:
974:
970:
969:
961:
958:
957:
954:
950:
949:
941:
938:
937:
934:
930:
929:
921:
918:
917:
914:
910:
909:
901:
898:
897:
894:
890:
889:
881:
878:
877:
874:
870:
869:
861:
858:
857:
854:
850:
849:
841:
838:
837:
834:
830:
829:
821:
818:
817:
814:
810:
809:
801:
798:
797:
794:
790:
789:
781:
778:
777:
774:
770:
769:
761:
758:
757:
754:
750:
749:
741:
738:
737:
734:
730:
729:
721:
718:
717:
714:
710:
709:
701:
698:
697:
694:
690:
689:
681:
678:
677:
674:
670:
669:
661:
658:
657:
654:
650:
649:
641:
638:
637:
634:
630:
629:
621:
618:
617:
614:
610:
609:
601:
598:
597:
594:
590:
589:
581:
578:
577:
574:
570:
569:
561:
558:
557:
553:
549:
548:
540:
537:
536:
533:
529:
528:
520:
517:
516:
512:
508:
507:
499:
496:
495:
492:
488:
487:
479:
476:
475:
472:
468:
467:
459:
456:
455:
451:
448:
445:
444:
432:
423:
419:
416:This list is
414:
407:
406:
403:
401:
396:
394:
390:
384:
381:
377:
364:
357:
352:
348:
343:
339:
334:
329:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
298:civic holiday
295:
287:
285:
283:
282:fashion shows
279:
278:theatre plays
275:
274:Austin Clarke
271:
267:
263:
255:
253:
251:
247:
243:
238:
236:
235:North America
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
203:
200:
196:
192:
186:
182:
176:
170:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
145:
141:
137:
131:
127:
121:
118:
114:
111:
105:
98:
97:
95:
91:
87:
83:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
25:
19:
6566:
6552:
6459:Barranquilla
6405:GualeguaychĂş
6400:Buenos Aires
6271:
6024:Philippines
5926:
5868:. Retrieved
5864:the original
5839:. Retrieved
5834:Toronto Star
5832:
5808:. Retrieved
5805:NOW Magazine
5804:
5794:
5779:
5767:. Retrieved
5757:
5745:
5736:
5727:
5715:
5706:
5699:. Retrieved
5693:
5683:
5671:. Retrieved
5667:
5657:
5645:. Retrieved
5642:Toronto Star
5641:
5616:. Retrieved
5613:Toronto Star
5612:
5602:
5584:
5572:. Retrieved
5558:
5550:
5541:
5529:. Retrieved
5525:
5515:
5503:. Retrieved
5490:
5478:. Retrieved
5464:
5455:
5449:
5440:
5434:
5426:Toronto Star
5425:
5419:
5411:Toronto Star
5410:
5404:
5395:
5389:
5381:Toronto Star
5380:
5374:
5366:Toronto Star
5365:
5359:
5351:Toronto Star
5350:
5344:
5332:. Retrieved
5328:
5318:
5306:. Retrieved
5301:
5292:
5279:
5272:
5264:Toronto Star
5263:
5257:
5244:
5237:
5227:February 25,
5225:. Retrieved
5221:
5211:
5198:
5191:
5182:
5178:
5157:. Retrieved
5153:
5115:. Retrieved
5111:
5102:
5090:. Retrieved
5085:
5076:
5064:. Retrieved
5055:
5045:
5033:. Retrieved
5029:
5019:
5010:
5005:
4966:
4962:
4943:September 7,
4941:. Retrieved
4935:
4925:
4913:. Retrieved
4899:
4887:. Retrieved
4877:
4865:. Retrieved
4851:
4839:. Retrieved
4828:
4816:. Retrieved
4812:the original
4802:
4790:. Retrieved
4786:the original
4776:
4764:. Retrieved
4760:
4751:
4739:. Retrieved
4734:
4710:. Retrieved
4698:
4688:
4676:. Retrieved
4671:
4662:
4650:. Retrieved
4645:
4636:
4624:. Retrieved
4621:carnaval.com
4620:
4590:. Retrieved
4587:carnaval.com
4586:
4480:. Retrieved
4476:
4467:
4455:. Retrieved
4451:
4442:
4430:. Retrieved
4419:
4407:. Retrieved
4404:Toronto Star
4403:
4393:
4385:Toronto Star
4384:
4378:
4366:. Retrieved
4356:
4344:. Retrieved
4335:
4323:. Retrieved
4319:
4310:
4298:. Retrieved
4294:
4285:
4275:February 16,
4273:. Retrieved
4270:Culture Trip
4269:
4259:
4232:
4206:
4192:
4142:Notting Hill
4131:
4119:
4063:
4058:
4054:
4048:
4031:
4023:
4019:
4004:
4000:
3996:
3992:
3972:
3968:
3964:
3960:
3944:
3936:
3924:
3913:
3907:in Jamaica,
3894:
3886:Muhammad Ali
3859:
3829:
3825:
3819:
3813:
3807:
3778:jerk chicken
3761:
3755:
3745:
3739:
3736:competition.
3732:
3727:Other events
3709:
3699:Lord Smokey
3683:
3665:
3647:
3621:
3564:
3539:
3521:
3508:
3495:
3468:
3444:
3420:
3396:
3372:
3348:
3324:
3300:
3276:
3252:
3228:
3204:
3180:
3156:
3132:
3108:
3084:
3060:
3036:
3012:
2988:
2964:
2883:Abracadabra
2838:
2814:
2790:
2766:
2742:
2718:
2694:
2670:
2646:
2622:
2598:
2574:
2556:
2543:
2530:
2485:
2450:
2437:
2424:
2403:
2390:
2377:
2350:
2326:
2302:
2278:
2254:
2230:
2206:
2182:
2158:
2134:
2110:
2086:
2062:
2038:
2014:
1990:
1966:
1942:
1918:
1894:
1870:
1846:
1822:
1801:
1779:Pandora Box
1703:
1679:
1655:
1631:
1607:
1583:
1559:
1535:
1511:
1487:
1463:
1439:
1421:
1408:
1395:
1350:
1313:
1292:Clive Brand
1281:Clive Brand
1215:Noel Audain
1182:Raymond Lee
1058:Fire On Ice
995:
964:
944:
924:
904:
884:
864:
844:
824:
804:
784:
764:
744:
724:
704:
684:
664:
644:
624:
604:
584:
564:
543:
523:
502:
482:
462:
426:
397:
385:
372:
291:
288:Grand Parade
281:
277:
265:
261:
259:
239:
214:
210:
208:
189:Volunteers
143:Affiliations
78:Headquarters
62:Legal status
36:Abbreviation
18:
6647:July events
6306:New Orleans
6267:Quebec City
6231:Switzerland
6169:Netherlands
5948: /
5870:February 4,
5570:. p. 2
5476:. p. 6
5222:NOW Toronto
5159:February 8,
5035:February 4,
4741:February 8,
4712:February 8,
4678:February 8,
4672:Ron Fanfair
4652:February 8,
4646:Ron Fanfair
4477:toronto.com
4452:toronto.com
4346:February 4,
4300:February 8,
4045:Sponsorship
3826:Pan blockos
3814:Talk tents:
3802:ginger beer
2897:The Nebula
393:playing mas
6591:Categories
6540:Mardi Gras
6491:Las Tablas
6396:Argentina
6224:Santa Cruz
6219:Las Palmas
6004:Indonesia
5936:79°25′01″W
5933:43°37′56″N
5708:precedent.
5398:: 102–135.
5066:January 4,
4432:October 3,
4242:0345398165
4184:References
4163:Carifiesta
4051:Scotiabank
3982:, Premier
3976:Puff Daddy
3905:John Canoe
3830:blockorama
3567:April 2022
3556:incomplete
2488:April 2022
2477:incomplete
1353:April 2022
1342:incomplete
1204:Nip Davis
1190:Shangrila
1135:Night Out
452:Leader(s)
429:April 2022
418:incomplete
242:Simcoe Day
6524:Australia
6501:Cajamarca
6437:SĂŁo Paulo
6322:Caribbean
6284:Vera Cruz
6173:Portugal
6159:Lithuania
6147:Viareggio
5769:April 16,
5185:(1): 138.
5117:March 21,
5092:March 11,
5013:(Thesis).
4983:140528991
4766:April 13,
4707:0319-0781
4626:April 13,
4592:April 13,
4482:April 13,
4457:April 13,
4409:August 8,
4368:March 11,
4325:March 11,
4035:trademark
3909:Crop Over
3897:Caribbean
3878:Malcolm X
3798:rum cakes
2945:John Kam
2928:John Kam
322:dancehall
306:steel pan
219:Caribbean
44:Formation
6454:Colombia
6416:Bolivia
6354:Dominica
6339:Barbados
6289:Mazatlán
6204:Slovenia
6064:Belgium
5990:Carnival
5737:CTV News
5673:July 20,
5647:July 17,
5618:July 17,
5574:July 20,
5531:July 17,
5505:July 17,
5480:July 17,
5334:July 17,
5329:CBC News
5308:July 17,
5302:CBC News
5060:Archived
5011:yorku.ca
4915:July 31,
4909:Archived
4889:July 31,
4867:July 31,
4861:Archived
4841:July 31,
4818:July 31,
4792:July 31,
4295:yorku.ca
4251:32391351
4157:See also
3948:Rita Cox
3786:callaloo
3782:festival
3758:(dances)
3756:Jump-ups
3720:steelpan
3712:J'ouvert
3706:J'ouvert
3587:Monarch
294:Caribana
270:Caribana
266:exhibits
231:Carnival
215:Caribana
167:Budget
93:Location
88:, Canada
6533:Related
6517:Oceania
6508:Uruguay
6487:Panama
6476:Cayenne
6334:Bahamas
6329:Antigua
6272:Toronto
6258:Canada
6199:Croatia
6177:Madeira
6132:Hungary
6115:Cologne
6110:Germany
6094:France
6090:Finland
6085:England
6080:Denmark
6060:Austria
6028:Sinulog
6018:Jakarta
5916:by the
5860:"Flare"
5841:June 1,
5810:July 5,
3984:Bob Rae
3848:Origins
3837:History
3810:(shows)
3762:Picnics
328:music.
318:chutney
314:calypso
227:Ontario
223:Toronto
198:Website
179:Staff
157:(OSA),
113:English
86:Ontario
82:Toronto
70:Purpose
6483:Guyana
6447:Recife
6427:Brazil
6301:Mobile
6279:MĂ©xico
6262:Ottawa
6243:Turkey
6210:Spain
6189:Slavic
6142:Venice
6127:Greece
6073:Binche
6053:Europe
6013:Jember
5701:May 9,
4981:
4761:cbc.ca
4705:
4249:
4239:
4146:Boston
3884:, and
2511:Title
1376:Title
1373:Queen
326:reggae
256:Events
193:1,000+
161:(OCPA)
117:French
6497:Peru
6442:Bahia
6420:Oruro
6410:Murga
6375:Ponce
6369:Nevis
6364:Haiti
6236:Basel
6214:Cádiz
6164:Malta
6152:Ivrea
6137:Italy
6120:Mainz
6103:Paris
6068:Aalst
5594:(PDF)
5568:(PDF)
5500:(PDF)
5474:(PDF)
5456:Share
5441:Share
5284:(PDF)
5249:(PDF)
5203:(PDF)
4979:S2CID
3794:pelau
3774:rotis
3750:fĂŞtes
3746:FĂŞtes
3696:1980
3690:]
3682:[
3678:1981
3672:]
3664:[
3660:1982
3654:]
3646:[
3642:1983
3634:1984
3628:]
3620:[
3616:1985
3608:1986
3600:1987
3592:1988
3584:Year
3528:]
3520:[
3515:]
3507:[
3502:]
3494:[
3487:1968
3475:]
3467:[
3463:1969
3451:]
3443:[
3439:1970
3427:]
3419:[
3415:1971
3403:]
3395:[
3391:1972
3379:]
3371:[
3367:1972
3355:]
3347:[
3343:1973
3331:]
3323:[
3319:1974
3307:]
3299:[
3295:1975
3283:]
3275:[
3271:1976
3259:]
3251:[
3247:1977
3235:]
3227:[
3223:1978
3211:]
3203:[
3199:1979
3187:]
3179:[
3175:1980
3163:]
3155:[
3151:1981
3139:]
3131:[
3127:1982
3115:]
3107:[
3103:1983
3091:]
3083:[
3079:1984
3067:]
3059:[
3055:1985
3043:]
3035:[
3031:1986
3019:]
3011:[
3007:1987
2995:]
2987:[
2983:1988
2971:]
2963:[
2959:1989
2942:1990
2925:1991
2908:1992
2891:1993
2874:1994
2857:1995
2845:]
2837:[
2833:1996
2821:]
2813:[
2809:1997
2797:]
2789:[
2785:1998
2773:]
2765:[
2761:1999
2749:]
2741:[
2737:2000
2725:]
2717:[
2713:2001
2701:]
2693:[
2689:2002
2677:]
2669:[
2665:2003
2653:]
2645:[
2641:2004
2629:]
2621:[
2617:2005
2605:]
2597:[
2593:2006
2581:]
2573:[
2569:2007
2563:]
2555:[
2550:]
2542:[
2537:]
2529:[
2522:2008
2514:Band
2508:King
2505:Year
2457:]
2449:[
2444:]
2436:[
2431:]
2423:[
2416:1967
2410:]
2402:[
2397:]
2389:[
2384:]
2376:[
2369:1968
2357:]
2349:[
2345:1969
2333:]
2325:[
2321:1970
2309:]
2301:[
2297:1971
2285:]
2277:[
2273:1972
2261:]
2253:[
2249:1972
2237:]
2229:[
2225:1973
2213:]
2205:[
2201:1974
2189:]
2181:[
2177:1975
2165:]
2157:[
2153:1976
2141:]
2133:[
2129:1977
2117:]
2109:[
2105:1978
2093:]
2085:[
2081:1979
2069:]
2061:[
2057:1980
2045:]
2037:[
2033:1981
2021:]
2013:[
2009:1982
1997:]
1989:[
1985:1983
1973:]
1965:[
1961:1984
1949:]
1941:[
1937:1985
1925:]
1917:[
1913:1986
1901:]
1893:[
1889:1987
1877:]
1869:[
1865:1988
1853:]
1845:[
1841:1989
1829:]
1821:[
1817:1990
1808:]
1800:[
1790:1991
1773:1992
1756:1993
1739:1994
1722:1995
1710:]
1702:[
1698:1996
1686:]
1678:[
1674:1997
1662:]
1654:[
1650:1998
1638:]
1630:[
1626:1999
1614:]
1606:[
1602:2000
1590:]
1582:[
1578:2001
1566:]
1558:[
1554:2002
1542:]
1534:[
1530:2003
1518:]
1510:[
1506:2004
1494:]
1486:[
1482:2005
1470:]
1462:[
1458:2006
1446:]
1438:[
1434:2007
1428:]
1420:[
1415:]
1407:[
1402:]
1394:[
1387:2008
1379:Band
1370:Year
1297:1967
1286:1968
1275:1969
1264:1970
1253:1971
1242:1972
1231:1973
1220:1974
1209:1975
1198:1976
1187:1977
1176:1978
1165:1979
1154:1980
1143:1981
1132:1982
1121:1983
1110:1984
1099:1985
1088:1986
1077:1987
1066:1988
1055:1989
1044:1990
1033:1991
1022:1992
1011:1993
1002:]
994:[
990:1994
979:1995
971:]
963:[
959:1996
951:]
943:[
939:1997
931:]
923:[
919:1998
911:]
903:[
899:1999
891:]
883:[
879:2000
871:]
863:[
859:2001
851:]
843:[
839:2002
831:]
823:[
819:2003
811:]
803:[
799:2004
791:]
783:[
779:2005
771:]
763:[
759:2006
751:]
743:[
739:2007
731:]
723:[
719:2008
711:]
703:[
699:2009
691:]
683:[
679:2010
671:]
663:[
659:2011
651:]
643:[
639:2012
631:]
623:[
619:2013
611:]
603:[
599:2014
591:]
583:[
579:2015
571:]
563:[
559:2016
550:]
542:[
538:2017
530:]
522:[
518:2018
509:]
501:[
497:2019
489:]
481:[
477:2020
469:]
461:[
457:2021
449:Band
446:Year
6349:Cuba
6182:Ovar
6098:Nice
6008:Solo
5998:Asia
5872:2022
5843:2010
5812:2021
5771:2020
5703:2010
5675:2017
5649:2017
5620:2017
5576:2017
5533:2017
5507:2017
5482:2017
5336:2017
5310:2017
5229:2024
5161:2022
5119:2018
5094:2018
5068:2022
5037:2022
4945:2019
4917:2009
4891:2009
4869:2009
4843:2009
4820:2009
4794:2009
4768:2022
4743:2022
4714:2022
4703:ISSN
4680:2022
4654:2022
4628:2022
4594:2022
4484:2022
4459:2022
4434:2016
4411:2023
4370:2018
4348:2022
4327:2018
4302:2022
4277:2022
4247:OCLC
4237:ISBN
4144:and
3954:and
3880:and
3820:Gala
3780:and
2880:XXX
324:and
312:and
310:soca
209:The
54:Type
6432:Rio
4971:doi
4320:CBC
3562:.
2483:.
1348:.
424:.
39:TCC
6593::
5920:,
5851:^
5831:.
5820:^
5803:.
5735:.
5705:.
5692:.
5666:.
5640:.
5628:^
5611:.
5549:,
5524:.
5327:.
5300:.
5220:.
5181:.
5169:^
5152:.
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5127:^
5110:.
5084:.
5058:.
5054:.
5028:.
5009:.
4991:^
4977:.
4967:11
4965:.
4953:^
4934:.
4759:.
4733:.
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4701:.
4697:.
4670:.
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4619:.
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4475:.
4450:.
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4318:.
4293:.
4268:.
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4217:^
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3950:.
3892:.
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