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174:. He was representative of a generation of rough and ready pioneers, who had developed an antipathy for philologists and got easily aggravated by their slow and careful approach to excavations (Schuchhardt, 1931). On the other hand, Humann established extensive connections throughout the whole of the Ottoman Empire, with local officials as well as workmen, which earned him the nickname â
198:, as well as the official permits from the Ottoman government, to start excavations in September of the same year. During this initial work, large parts of the artistically extremely valuable frieze of the altar and numerous sculptures were found. Following this success, a second and third excavation missions were carried out, from 1880-1881 and 1883-1886 (assisted by
154:âa position he got through help from his older brother Franz, who had been working thereâand later attended the Building-Academy in Berlin. Due to him falling ill to tuberculosis, he looked for warmer climates and moved to the then Ottoman Empire and settled down in Istanbul. He participated in excavations on the island of
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Back in the German Empire, the finding of the great altar, recognised to be one of the finest examples of
Hellenistic sculpture, garnered significant attention and made Humann instantly famous. Against the nationalistic backdrop of the time the findings awoke a strong feeling of pride, especially as
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From 1867 until 1873 he supervised the construction of roads in
Anatolia. As part of his preparation, he visited in the winter of 1864/65 the site of the antique Pergamon. In this historical site, he used his influence to stop the destruction of the partly unearthed marble ruins. Although he already
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sanctuaryâ, building palaces and travelling in 1864 through
Palestine, under order of the Ottoman Empire, drawing up accurate maps of the area. His work as a surveyor for the railway and road construction departments helped him gain a personal familiarity with classical-era ruins, as well as develop
202:) respectively. The findings, which by agreement with the Ottoman government became property of the German archaeologists, were transported in carriages to the coast and then loaded onto German Navy ships and taken to Berlin.
238:(modern Zincirli). Later, in 1884 he became department director of the Royal Museum in Berlin responsible for all Prussian archaeological expeditions in the Near East, but he retained his residence in
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He continued to work and expanded his research during his time in Smyrna, and became a world-renowned host of foreign guests to the area. He worked in June and July 1887 on the site of
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and the Carl-Humann-School in Berlin were named after the archaeologist. Despite all the praise that Humann received during his lifetime and posthumously, the
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304:), in Turkey, and was buried in the Catholic cemetery in Ä°zmir. His remains were reinterred at Pergamon in 1967, just south of the altar.
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He never studied archaeology or took an advanced degree of any kind, exemplifying the nineteenth-century self-made archaeologist, akin to
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Carl Humann married Louise Werner in 1874 and together they had two children. Maria Humann (1875-1971), who married the archaeologist
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150:- Germany. An educated railroad engineer and aspiring architecture student, he worked initially on the construction of the
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Finally, in 1878, he received the backing from the director of the Berlin
Sculpture Museum and financial support from
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On behalf of the Berlin
Academy of Sciences, Humann later made recordings of the ancient archaeological sites of
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showed a high interest in starting excavations in this area, he still needed the official support from Berlin.
129:; 4 January 1839 – 12 April 1896) was a German engineer, architect and archaeologist. He discovered the
323:. A replica of this bust can be found in the Kaiser-Otto-Platz in Steele, while the Carl-Humann-Gymnasium in
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never made him a âFellowâ but accepted his membership merely as âArchitectâ (Marchard, 2003).
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Biography on the web-page of the Carl-Humann-Gymnasium in Essen, Germany (in German)
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Down from
Olympus: Archaeology and Philhellenism in Germany
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Der
Pergamnon Altar: Entdeckt, beschrieben und gezeichnet
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an extensive network of contacts and acquaintances.
300:Carl Humann died on 12 April 1896 in Smyrna (today
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311:in 1901, to coincide with the completion of the
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16:German engineer, architect and archaeologist
494:Members of the Prussian Academy of Sciences
350:Die Ergebnisse der Ausgrabungen zu Pergamon
329:Institute for Archaeological Correspondence
146:Humann was born in Steele, part of today's
469:Archaeologists from the Kingdom of Prussia
289:(1878-1933), who became an officer of the
253:and a trial-excavation in Tralles (modern
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428:, 1750â1970. Princeton: University Press.
504:German expatriates in the Ottoman Empire
474:Architects from the Kingdom of Prussia
261:, as well as the later expeditions of
479:Engineers from the Kingdom of Prussia
307:A bust of Carl Humann was created by
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484:People of the Antikensammlung Berlin
380:Reisen in Kleinasien und Nordsyrien
297:, diplomat as well as businessman.
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385:Carl Humann, Julius Kohte &
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489:Directors of museums in Germany
206:something to boast against the
499:19th-century German architects
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412:Der Entdecker von Pergamon
152:Bergisch-MĂ€rkische Railway
400:. Dortmund: Ardey Verlag.
369:AltertĂŒmer von Hierapolis
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424:Marchard, S. L. (2003).
417:Schulte, Edward (1974).
259:Magnesia on the Maeander
419:Neu Deutsche Biographie
315:and the opening of the
277:Personal life and death
509:Explorers of West Asia
352:. Berlin: Groteâsche.
176:Viceroy of Asia Minor
464:Engineers from Essen
396:Carl Humann (1954).
291:Imperial German Navy
230:as well as northern
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391:Magnesia am MĂ€ander
210:frieze in London's
168:Heinrich Schliemann
374:Carl Humann &
393:. Berlin: Reimer.
382:. Berlin: Reimer.
371:. Berlin: Reimer.
265:(1895), and with
218:Later Expeditions
182:(Schulte, 1974).
125:(first name also
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101:Scientific career
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404:Carl Schuchhardt
357:Conrad Cichorius
200:Wilhelm Dörpfeld
172:Wilhelm Dörpfeld
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67:(1896-04-12)
459:1896 deaths
454:1839 births
346:Max FrÀnkel
313:Siegesallee
309:Adolf BrĂŒtt
287:Hans Humann
142:Early years
123:Carl Humann
111:Archaeology
80:Nationality
35:Carl Humann
23:Carl Humann
448:Categories
410:, (1931).
247:Hierapolis
47:1839-01-04
414:. Berlin.
228:Euphrates
208:Parthenon
137:Biography
389:(1904).
378:(1890).
367:(1898).
348:(1888).
273:(1895).
186:Pergamon
271:Ephesus
160:Heraion
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321:Berlin
263:Priene
251:Sam'al
240:Smyrna
236:Sam'al
224:Angora
107:Fields
84:German
325:Essen
302:Ä°zmir
255:Aydın
232:Syria
156:Samos
148:Essen
73:Ä°zmir
55:Essen
170:and
127:Karl
62:Died
41:Born
319:in
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