746:(OSHA) tries to prevent illness, injury, and fire through regulations. However, self-employed workers are not covered by the OSHA act. OSHA claims that "Since 1970, workplace fatalities have been reduced by more than 65 percent and occupational injury and illness rates have declined by 67 percent. At the same time, U.S. employment has almost doubled." The leading cause of overall fatalities, called the "fatal four," are falls, followed by struck by object, electrocution, and caught-in/between. In general construction "employers must provide working conditions that are free of known dangers. Keep floors in work areas in a clean and, so far as possible, dry condition. Select and provide required personal protective equipment at no cost to workers. Train workers about job hazards in a language that they can understand." Examples of how to prevent falls includes placing railings and toe-boards at any floor opening which cannot be well covered and elevated platforms and safety harness and lines, safety nets, stair railings, and handrails.
482:
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environmental challenges facing society. Probably the most concise, general definition is "well-paid, career-track jobs that contribute directly to preserving or enhancing environmental quality" (Apollo
Alliance 2008, 3). This definition suggests that green-collar jobs directly contribute to improving environmental quality, but would not include low-wage jobs that provide little mobility. Most discussion of green-collar jobs does not refer to positions that require a college degree, but they typically do involve training beyond high school. Many of the positions are similar to skilled, blue-collar jobs, such as electricians, welders, carpenters, etc.
187:, etc. Carpenters traditionally worked with natural wood and did rougher work such as framing, but today many other materials are also used and sometimes the finer trades of cabinetmaking and furniture building are considered carpentry. In the United States, 98.5% of carpenters are male, and it was the fourth most male-dominated occupation in the country in 1999. In 2006 in the United States, there were about 1.5 million carpentry positions. Carpenters are usually the first tradesmen on a job and the last to leave. Carpenters normally framed post-and-beam buildings until the end of the 19th century; now this old-fashioned carpentry is called
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roofing, framing, siding, flooring, insulation, ...acoustical ceilings, computer-access flooring, metal framing, wall partitions, office furniture systems, and both custom or factory-produced materials, ...trim and molding,... ceiling treatments, ... exposed columns and beams, displays, mantels, staircases...metal studs, metal lath, and drywall..."
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620:, are required to pass a skills test to be granted official journeyperson status, but uncertified professional carpenters may also be known as journeypersons based on their skill level, years of experience, or simply because they support themselves in the trade and not due to any certification or formal
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Carpentry in the United States is historically defined similarly to the United
Kingdom as the "heavier and stronger" work distinguished from a joiner "...who does lighter and more ornamental work than that of a carpenter..." although the "...work of a carpenter and joiner are often combined." Joiner
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Up through the 19th and even the early 20th century, the journeyperson traveled to another region of the country to learn the building styles and techniques of that area before (usually) returning home. In modern times, journeypeople are not required to travel, and the term now refers to a level of
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carpenters may use are typically prepared by others and delivered to the job site. In 2013 the carpenters union in
America used the term carpenter for a catch-all position. Tasks performed by union carpenters include installing "...flooring, windows, doors, interior trim, cabinetry, solid surface,
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In Canada, each province sets its own standards for apprenticeship. The average length of time is four years and includes a minimum number of hours of both on-the-job training and technical instruction at a college or other institution. Depending on the number of hours of instruction an apprentice
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Professional status as a journeyperson carpenter in the United States may be obtained in a number of ways. Formal training is acquired in a four-year apprenticeship program administered by the United
Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America, in which journeyperson status is obtained after
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Upon completion of pre-apprenticeship, trainees who have passed the graded curriculum (taught by highly experienced journeyperson carpenters) are assigned to a local union and to union carpentry crews at work on construction sites or in cabinet shops as First Year
Apprentices. Over the next four
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There are two main divisions of training: construction-carpentry and cabinetmaking. During pre-apprenticeship, trainees in each of these divisions spend 30 hours a week for 12 weeks in classrooms and indoor workshops learning mathematics, trade terminology, and skill in the use of hand and power
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In the United States, fewer than 5% of carpenters identify as female. A number of schools in the U.S. appeal to non-traditional tradespeople by offering carpentry classes for and taught by women, including
Hammerstone: Carpentry for Women in Ithaca, NY, Yestermorrow in Waitsfield, VT and Oregon
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Informally a laborer may simply work alongside carpenters for years learning skills by observation and peripheral assistance. While such an individual may obtain journeyperson status by paying the union entry fee and obtaining a journeyperson's card (which provides the right to work on a union
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There is no consensus on how to define green-collar jobs. A very broad interpretation of green jobs would include all existing and new jobs that contribute to environmental quality through improved efficiencies, better resource management, and other technologies that successfully address the
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came into common use and concrete foundations allowed carpenters to do away with heavy timber sills. Also, drywall (plasterboard) came into common use replacing lime plaster on wooden lath. Plywood, engineered lumber, and chemically treated lumber also came into use.
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Relatively little history of carpentry was preserved before written language. Knowledge and skills were simply passed down over the generations. Even the advent of cave painting and writing recorded little. The oldest surviving complete architectural text is
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specializes in the use of environmentally friendly, energy-efficient and sustainable sources of building materials for use in construction projects. They also practice building methods that require using less material and material that has the same structural
407:, which discuss some carpentry. It was only with the invention of the printing press in the 15th century that this began to change, albeit slowly, with builders finally beginning to regularly publish guides and pattern books in the 18th and 19th centuries.
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receives, they can earn a
Certificate of Proficiency, making them a journeyperson, or a Certificate of Qualification, which allows them to practice a more limited amount of carpentry. Canadian carpenters also have the option of acquiring an additional
318:. Carpentry is also used to construct the formwork into which concrete is poured during the building of structures such as roads and highway overpasses. In the UK, the skill of making timber formwork for poured or in situ concrete is referred to as
438:
By the 16th century, sawmills were coming into use in Europe. The founding of
America was partly based on a desire to extract resources from the new continent including wood for use in ships and buildings in Europe. In the 18th century part of the
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Carpenters may work for an employer or be self-employed. No matter what kind of training a carpenter has had, some U.S. states require contractors to be licensed which requires passing a written test and having minimum levels of insurance.
309:, i.e. those areas of construction that are normally hidden in a finished building. An easy way to envisage this is that first fix work is all that is done before plastering takes place. The second fix is done after plastering takes place.
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Carpentry is often hazardous work. Types of woodworking and carpentry hazards include: machine hazards, flying materials, tool projection, fire and explosion, electrocution, noise, vibration, dust, and chemicals. In the United States the
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years, as they progress in status to Second Year, Third Year, and Fourth Year
Apprentice, apprentices periodically return to the training facility every three months for a week of more detailed training in specific aspects of the trade.
556:
Formal training in the carpentry trade is available in seminars, certificate programs, high-school programs, online classes, in the new construction, restoration, and preservation carpentry fields. Sometimes these programs are called
218:
Carpentry covers various services, such as furniture design and construction, door and window installation or repair, flooring installation, trim and molding installation, custom woodworking, stair construction, structural framing,
383:. Some of the oldest archaeological evidence of carpentry are water well casings. These include an oak and hazel structure dating from 5256 BC, found in Ostrov, Czech Republic, and one built using split oak timbers with
313:
work, the installation of items such as skirting boards, architraves, doors, and windows are generally regarded as carpentry, however, the off-site manufacture and pre-finishing of the items is regarded as
191:. Carpenters learn this trade by being employed through an apprenticeship training—normally four years—and qualify by successfully completing that country's competence test in places such as the
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help but are not essential. However, this is deemed the preferred route, as young people can earn and gain field experience whilst training towards a nationally recognized qualification.
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in 2009. The building possesses one of the most complex examples of carpentry built to date and is composed of 16 kilometers of glued laminated timber for a surface area of 8,000 m.
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The 19th century saw the development of electrical engineering and distribution which allowed the development of hand-held power tools, wire nails, and machines to mass-produce
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successful completion of twelve weeks of pre-apprenticeship training, followed by four years of on-the-job field training working alongside journeyperson carpenters. The
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Along with stone, wood is among the oldest building materials. The ability to shape it into tools, shelter, and weapons improved with technological advances from the
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carpenter. Today pre-apprenticeship training may be gained through non-union vocational programs such as high school shop classes and community colleges.
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carpentry crew) the carpenter foreperson will, by necessity, dismiss any worker who presents the card but does not demonstrate the expected skill level.
215:. It is also common that the skill can be learned by gaining work experience other than a formal training program, which may be the case in many places.
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that allows them to practice anywhere in Canada. The Red Seal requires the completion of an apprenticeship and an additional examination.
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specializes in maintenance, repair techniques, and carpentry specific to vessels afloat. Such a carpenter patrols the vessel's
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608:(usually three to four years) to work as professional carpenters. Upon graduation from the apprenticeship, they are known as
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tools. Construction-carpentry trainees also participate in calisthenics to prepare for the physical aspect of the work.
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RybnĂÄŤek, Michal; Kočár, Petr; Muigg, Bernhard; Peška, Jaroslav; Sedláček, Radko; Tegel, Willy; Kolář, Tomáš (2020).
1013:) carpentry is carpentry that uses scrap wood and parts of discarded or broken furniture to build new wood products.
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is someone who makes or repairs stringed instruments. The word luthier comes from the French word for lute, "luth".
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method. A framer who specializes in building with timbers and traditional joints rather than studs is known as a
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Safety is not just about the workers on the job site. Carpenters' work needs to meet the requirements in the
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which involves both acquiring knowledge and physical practice. In formal training a carpenter begins as an
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were used historically and are now occasionally used by carpenters who work using traditional methods and
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Lee Butler, "Patronage and the
Building Arts in Tokugawa Japan", Early Modern Japan. Fall-Winter 2004
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is a carpenter who does fine and detailed work specializing in the making of cabinets made from wood,
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is a carpenter who builds the skeletal structure or wooden framework of buildings, most often in the
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980:(temple carpenter) performs the work of both architect and builder of shrines and temples, and a
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building and building codes to promote long-term quality and safety for the building occupants.
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Log church building in Russia reached considerable heights such as this 17th century example
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After working as a journeyperson for a while, a carpenter may go on to study or test as a
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The cut nail industry, 1776–1890: technology, cost accounting, and the upper Ohio Valley
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in Vietnam where apprentices live and work to learn woodworking and carpentry skills.
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proficiency and skill. Union carpenters in the United States, that is, members of the
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799:, known in the U.S. as a "preservation" or "restoration"; a carpenter who works in
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has broad skill sets ranging from joinery, finish carpentry, framing, and formwork.
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The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000.
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in which the primary work performed is the cutting, shaping and installation of
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1201:"World's oldest dendrochronologically dated archaeological wood construction"
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Carpenters traditionally worked with natural wood which has been prepared by
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Some of the oldest surviving wooden buildings in the world are temples in
30:"Carpenters" and "Carpenter" redirect here. For the American pop duo, see
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which was the beginning of the decline of traditional timber framing.
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1083:. 4th ed. Clifton Park, NY: Thomson Delmar Learning, 2006.xvi Print.
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Breve compendio de la carpinteria de lo blanco y tratado de alarifes
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719:(American English) or timber (British English). Today natural and
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builds structures of stacked horizontal logs with limited joints.
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Second Edition on CD-ROM (v. 4.0) © Oxford University Press 2009
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895:(a traditional name now rare in North America), is one who does
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Twentieth-century building materials: history and conservation
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in England, parts of which are from the 11th century, and the
1422:. McMullen Carpenters And Joiners. 2009-04-10. Archived from
1248:"German Archaeologists Discover World's Oldest Wooden Wells"
4449:
National Railroad Construction and Maintenance Association
305:
of timber items such as construction of roofs, floors and
141:
Exhibit of traditional European carpenter's tools in Italy
1139:"What's the Difference Between a Carpenter and a Joiner?"
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also has a formal apprenticeship program for traditional
1111:
The American heritage dictionary of the English language
447:. These technologies combined with the invention of the
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Chartered Institute of Plumbing and Heating Engineering
618:
United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America
149:
Carpenters in an Indian village working with hand tools
899:, furniture making, fine woodworking, model building,
825:, specializes in installing molding and trim, such as
301:, carpentry is used to describe the skill involved in
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International Federation of Building and Wood Workers
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Chartered Institution of Civil Engineering Surveyors
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vol. 1. New York. The Century Co. 1895. 830. Print.
351:. Someone who builds custom concrete formwork is a
87:
82:
70:
60:
55:
1187:: An Encyclopedic Lexicon of the English Language
391:, dating from about 7,000 years ago in the early
281:), which could be used in compound forms such as
223:structure and furniture repair, and restoration.
636:. Training is also available in groups like the
4358:Association of Plumbing and Heating Contractors
660:carpenter. In some countries, such as Germany,
4397:Construction Management Association of America
1181:Whitney, William D., ed. "Carpenter." Def, 1.
1156:"Joiner vs Carpenter - What's the Difference?"
4431:National Association of Women in Construction
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3304:
1623:
1420:"Environmentally Friendly Building Materials"
744:Occupational Safety and Health Administration
8:
4346:Asbestos Testing and Consultancy Association
1384:"Safety and Health Topics - Fall Protection"
1050: – Livery company of the City of London
941:in film-making, television, and the theater.
675:will often move into related trades such as
41:
1445:"A Green Home Begins with ENERGY STAR Blue"
1044: – Process of making objects from wood
984:works on teahouse construction and houses.
783:, and other furniture designed for storage.
574:general certificates of secondary education
492:For types of carpentry used in America see
4069:
4055:
4047:
3311:
3297:
3289:
2805:
2334:
1858:
1630:
1616:
1608:
1094:"Carpenter | Careers in Construction"
443:was the invention of the steam engine and
47:
4386:Civil Engineering Contractors Association
4352:Associated General Contractors of America
568:industry, carpenters are trained through
387:and notched corners excavated in eastern
4793:List of tallest buildings and structures
4467:Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors
3138:Building and Wood Workers' International
861:construction, and reshores as necessary.
4904:
4443:National Kitchen & Bath Association
1070:. New York: Rosen Pub., 2011. 6. Print.
1059:
103:Carpentry includes such specialties as
40:
4455:National Tile Contractors Association
4425:National Association of Home Builders
4403:Construction Specifications Institute
1281:. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1995. Print.
1026: – Distinctive woodworking style
266:word (in the sense of "builder") was
7:
4437:National Fire Protection Association
4019:
3273:
1568:. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). 1911.
1246:Prostak, Sergio (24 December 2012).
976:is the simple term for carpenter, a
4479:Society of Construction Arbitrators
4340:American Society of Civil Engineers
4031:
3263:
3123:American Association of Woodturners
1120:- Etymology of the word "carpenter"
1038: – Category of building trades
130:Carpenter handling a plank used in
4334:American Institute of Constructors
1309:"United Brotherhood Of Carpenters"
1079:Vogt, Floyd, and Gaspar J. Lewis.
430:from the 12th and 13th centuries.
25:
4788:Lists of buildings and structures
3153:National Wood Carvers Association
1593:United States Department of Labor
1205:Journal of Archaeological Science
600:Apprenticeships and journeyperson
4890:
4889:
4881:
4030:
4018:
4009:
4008:
3272:
3262:
3253:
3252:
3128:Architectural Woodwork Institute
1545:
1533:
1048:Worshipful Company of Carpenters
933:builds and dismantles temporary
403:' ten books collectively titled
4882:
3558:Oriented structural straw board
4856:Sustainability in construction
4687:Modern methods of construction
3133:British Woodworking Federation
1472:. Ciwmb.ca.gov. Archived from
953:to examine the hull for leaks.
331:is less common than the terms
1:
4624:Building services engineering
3143:Caricature Carvers of America
1584:Occupational Outlook Handbook
671:Fully trained carpenters and
596:Tradeswomen in Portland, OR.
512:museum under construction in
4740:Construction equipment theft
4473:Scottish Building Federation
4369:Construction History Society
1495:"Defining Green-Collar Jobs"
1145:. Retrieved 2 January 2020.
1098:www.careersinconstruction.ca
959:builds wooden ships on land.
925:(see conservation carpenter)
638:Kim Bồng woodworking village
247:) which is derived from the
231:The word "carpenter" is the
4181:Chartered Building Surveyor
4145:Water supply and sanitation
1604:, The New York Book Company
1573:The Institute of Carpenters
992:do interior finishing work.
853:creates the shuttering and
494:American historic carpentry
168:during the construction of
4960:
4718:List of building materials
3949:Non-timber forest products
3573:Structural insulated panel
1589:Bureau of Labor Statistics
1359:"Commonly Used Statistics"
797:architectural conservation
451:led to the development of
36:Carpenter (disambiguation)
29:
4879:
4656:Environmental engineering
4619:Architectural engineering
4004:
3248:
3158:Society of Wood Engravers
2337:
1225:10.1016/j.jas.2020.105082
1170:Oxford English Dictionary
691:and system installation.
46:
4944:Wood-related terminology
4661:Geotechnical engineering
4639:Construction engineering
4414:Home Builders Federation
4140:Timeline of architecture
4102:Underground construction
3914:Destructive distillation
646:Interprovincial Red Seal
4846:Real estate development
4748:Construction management
4603:Vernacular architecture
4588:Indigenous architecture
4576:Industrial architecture
4461:Railway Tie Association
3934:Green building and wood
1565:Encyclopædia Britannica
1470:"Green Building Basics"
1295:April 28, 2009, at the
1143:InternationalTimber.com
1068:A career as a carpenter
821:(North America), also
473:. In the 20th century,
462:Axonometric diagram of
307:timber framed buildings
4692:Monocrete construction
4651:Earthquake engineering
4644:Structural engineering
4598:Landscape architecture
4135:Structural engineering
3578:Wood–plastic composite
3504:Glued laminated timber
3499:Cross-laminated timber
3235:Frameless construction
2316:Wood-plastic composite
793:Conservation carpenter
564:In the modern British
521:
489:
466:
368:
150:
142:
134:
123:
34:. For other uses, see
4682:Earthbag construction
4593:Interior architecture
4097:Offshore construction
3651:Corrugated fiberboard
3553:Oriented strand board
1168:"Carpenter." Def. 1.
1116:June 7, 2007, at the
923:Restoration carpenter
801:historic preservation
507:
484:
461:
441:Industrial Revolution
366:
293:In the United Kingdom
148:
140:
129:
102:
4730:Construction bidding
4420:Lighting Association
4392:The Concrete Society
4268:Construction foreman
4036:WikiProject Forestry
3163:Timber Framers Guild
2017:Australian Blackwood
1542:at Wikimedia Commons
1264:Loveday, Amos John.
988:build furniture and
787:Carpenter and joiner
630:Timber Framers Guild
552:Schools and programs
510:Centre Pompidou-Metz
326:In the United States
4861:Unfinished building
4634:Coastal engineering
4273:Construction worker
4216:Structural engineer
4107:Tunnel construction
3797:Ramial chipped wood
2883:Hammer-headed tenon
2402:Janka hardness test
1277:Jester, Thomas C..
1217:2020JArSc.115j5082R
707:, or sawing with a
524:Carpentry requires
43:
4753:Construction waste
4735:Construction delay
4176:Building officials
4171:Building estimator
3714:Cellulosic ethanol
1744:Japanese carpentry
1602:James Slough Zerbe
1598:Carpentry for Boys
1185:Century Dictionary
1141:(30 April 2015).
1036:Traditional trades
1024:Japanese carpentry
970:Japanese carpentry
725:building materials
522:
490:
467:
369:
166:building materials
151:
143:
135:
124:
89:Education required
4912:What Is Carpentry
4901:
4900:
4744:Construction loan
4713:Building material
4629:Civil engineering
4263:Concrete finisher
4206:Quantity surveyor
4166:Building engineer
4092:Home construction
4044:
4043:
3979:Wood preservation
3924:Engineered bamboo
3744:Pyroligneous acid
3286:
3285:
3240:Green woodworking
3097:Wood preservation
3025:
3024:
2928:Tongue and groove
2908:Mortise and tenon
2797:
2796:
2495:Warrington hammer
2324:
2323:
2012:African Blackwood
1804:Segmented turning
1559:"Carpentry"
1538:Media related to
1334:"Workers' Rights"
732:Health and safety
721:engineered lumber
532:, then becomes a
385:mortise and tenon
235:rendering of the
97:
96:
16:(Redirected from
4951:
4914:
4909:
4893:
4892:
4885:
4884:
4768:Design–bid–build
4536:Construction law
4071:
4064:
4057:
4048:
4034:
4033:
4022:
4021:
4012:
4011:
3969:Timber recycling
3964:Reclaimed lumber
3954:Natural building
3919:Dry distillation
3873:Split-rail fence
3313:
3306:
3299:
3290:
3276:
3275:
3266:
3265:
3256:
3255:
2806:
2475:Thickness planer
2335:
2129:(lime, basswood)
1859:
1719:Chainsaw carving
1632:
1625:
1618:
1609:
1569:
1561:
1549:
1537:
1520:
1519:
1513:
1512:
1506:
1500:. Archived from
1499:
1491:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1481:
1466:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1449:
1441:
1435:
1434:
1432:
1431:
1416:
1410:
1405:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1380:
1374:
1373:
1371:
1369:
1355:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1344:
1330:
1324:
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1305:
1299:
1288:
1282:
1275:
1269:
1262:
1256:
1255:
1243:
1237:
1236:
1196:
1190:
1179:
1173:
1166:
1160:
1159:
1152:
1146:
1136:
1130:
1127:
1121:
1108:
1102:
1101:
1090:
1084:
1077:
1071:
1064:
1030:Ship's carpenter
951:carpenter's walk
946:Ship's carpenter
871:platform framing
819:Finish carpenter
751:Life Safety Code
652:Master carpenter
420:Greensted Church
393:Neolithic period
333:finish carpenter
254:, "(maker) of a
121:ship's carpenter
72:Activity sectors
51:
44:
21:
4959:
4958:
4954:
4953:
4952:
4950:
4949:
4948:
4919:
4918:
4917:
4910:
4906:
4902:
4897:
4875:
4783:Interior design
4778:Heavy equipment
4701:
4665:
4607:
4550:
4519:
4483:
4322:
4231:
4225:
4201:Project manager
4191:Civil estimator
4149:
4113:
4080:
4075:
4045:
4040:
4000:
3984:Wood processing
3892:
3826:
3773:
3680:
3632:
3589:
3519:parallel strand
3490:
3483:
3331:
3322:
3317:
3287:
3282:
3244:
3230:Frame and panel
3218:
3167:
3111:
3021:
2980:Surface piecing
2975:
2932:
2853:Crown of thorns
2793:
2779:Smoothing plane
2685:
2572:
2514:
2417:Milling machine
2320:
2281:Cross-laminated
2267:
1938:
1848:
1819:Spindle turning
1809:Shingle weaving
1779:Pallet crafting
1672:
1641:
1636:
1556:
1530:
1523:
1510:
1508:
1504:
1497:
1493:
1492:
1488:
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1477:
1468:
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1463:
1453:
1451:
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1443:
1442:
1438:
1429:
1427:
1418:
1417:
1413:
1406:
1402:
1392:
1390:
1382:
1381:
1377:
1367:
1365:
1357:
1356:
1352:
1342:
1340:
1332:
1331:
1327:
1317:
1315:
1307:
1306:
1302:
1297:Wayback Machine
1289:
1285:
1276:
1272:
1263:
1259:
1245:
1244:
1240:
1198:
1197:
1193:
1180:
1176:
1167:
1163:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1137:
1133:
1128:
1124:
1118:Wayback Machine
1109:
1105:
1092:
1091:
1087:
1078:
1074:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1020:
996:Green carpentry
966:
842:crown mouldings
763:
739:
734:
723:and many other
697:
654:
606:apprenticeships
602:
580:, English, and
554:
502:
475:portland cement
464:balloon framing
453:balloon framing
436:
405:De architectura
361:
328:
295:
277:, cognate with
229:
90:
73:
63:
62:Occupation type
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4957:
4955:
4947:
4946:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4921:
4920:
4916:
4915:
4903:
4899:
4898:
4880:
4877:
4876:
4874:
4873:
4871:Urban planning
4868:
4863:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4842:
4841:
4840:
4839:
4829:
4824:
4823:
4822:
4807:
4802:
4797:
4796:
4795:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4726:
4725:
4720:
4709:
4707:
4703:
4702:
4700:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4673:
4671:
4667:
4666:
4664:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4647:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4626:
4621:
4615:
4613:
4609:
4608:
4606:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4590:
4585:
4584:
4583:
4573:
4572:
4571:
4560:
4558:
4552:
4551:
4549:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4527:
4525:
4521:
4520:
4518:
4517:
4515:United Kingdom
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4491:
4489:
4485:
4484:
4482:
4481:
4476:
4470:
4464:
4458:
4452:
4446:
4440:
4434:
4428:
4422:
4417:
4411:
4406:
4400:
4394:
4389:
4383:
4377:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4355:
4349:
4343:
4337:
4330:
4328:
4324:
4323:
4321:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4239:
4237:
4230:Trades workers
4227:
4226:
4224:
4223:
4221:Superintendent
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4196:Clerk of works
4193:
4188:
4186:Civil engineer
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4157:
4155:
4151:
4150:
4148:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4121:
4119:
4115:
4114:
4112:
4111:
4110:
4109:
4099:
4094:
4088:
4086:
4082:
4081:
4076:
4074:
4073:
4066:
4059:
4051:
4042:
4041:
4039:
4038:
4028:
4016:
4005:
4002:
4001:
3999:
3998:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3909:Certified wood
3906:
3900:
3898:
3894:
3893:
3891:
3890:
3885:
3883:Timber framing
3880:
3875:
3870:
3868:Sawdust brandy
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3834:
3832:
3828:
3827:
3825:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3783:
3781:
3775:
3774:
3772:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3759:Sandalwood oil
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3705:
3704:
3694:
3688:
3686:
3682:
3681:
3679:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3642:
3640:
3634:
3633:
3631:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3609:
3608:
3597:
3595:
3591:
3590:
3588:
3587:
3586:
3585:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3563:Particle board
3560:
3555:
3550:
3549:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3528:
3523:
3522:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3501:
3495:
3493:
3485:
3484:
3482:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3335:
3333:
3324:
3323:
3318:
3316:
3315:
3308:
3301:
3293:
3284:
3283:
3281:
3280:
3270:
3260:
3249:
3246:
3245:
3243:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3226:
3224:
3220:
3219:
3217:
3216:
3211:
3209:Quarter sawing
3206:
3201:
3199:Wood splitting
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3175:
3173:
3169:
3168:
3166:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3119:
3117:
3113:
3112:
3110:
3109:
3107:Wood finishing
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3067:Paint stripper
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3033:
3031:
3027:
3026:
3023:
3022:
3020:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2983:
2981:
2977:
2976:
2974:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2942:
2940:
2934:
2933:
2931:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2814:
2812:
2803:
2799:
2798:
2795:
2794:
2792:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2774:Shoulder plane
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2749:Moulding plane
2746:
2741:
2739:Japanese plane
2736:
2731:
2729:Grooving plane
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2695:
2693:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2582:
2580:
2574:
2573:
2571:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2543:Flooring clamp
2540:
2535:
2530:
2524:
2522:
2516:
2515:
2513:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2500:Winding sticks
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2480:Timber-framing
2477:
2472:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2338:
2332:
2326:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2306:Particle board
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2286:Glue laminated
2283:
2277:
2275:
2269:
2268:
2266:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1948:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1867:
1865:
1856:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1824:Timber framing
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1794:Relief carving
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1694:Bush carpentry
1691:
1686:
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1528:External links
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1313:carpenters.org
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823:trim carpenter
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781:storage chests
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634:timber framing
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572:schemes where
570:apprenticeship
559:apprenticeship
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424:stave churches
418:built-in 782,
416:Nanchan Temple
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353:form carpenter
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260:Middle English
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193:United Kingdom
189:timber framing
178:timber bridges
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3939:List of woods
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3848:Billet (wood)
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3709:Hemicellulose
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3179:Chainsaw mill
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3116:Organizations
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3042:French polish
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2913:Rabbet/Rebate
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2898:Mason's mitre
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2744:Jointer plane
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2725:
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2714:Compass plane
2712:
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2709:Chamfer plane
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2213:Red Quebracho
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1689:Bow and arrow
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1581:entry in the
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1560:
1555:
1552:
1548:
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1527:
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1518:
1507:on 2011-09-27
1503:
1496:
1490:
1487:
1476:on 2009-12-10
1475:
1471:
1465:
1462:
1446:
1440:
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986:Sashimono-shi
983:
979:
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971:
968:
967:
963:
958:
955:
952:
948:
947:
943:
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932:
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930:Set carpenter
927:
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918:
917:
913:
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906:
902:
898:
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886:
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876:timber framer
872:
868:
867:
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850:
846:
843:
839:
835:
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828:
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747:
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737:United States
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27:Skilled trade
19:
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4866:Urban design
4851:Stonemasonry
4763:Design–build
4706:Other topics
4697:Slip forming
4556:Architecture
4257:
4211:Site manager
4130:Construction
4125:Architecture
4078:Construction
4023:
3993:
3888:Wooden masts
3858:Dugout canoe
3843:Bavin (wood)
3792:Black liquor
3729:Liquid smoke
3479:Utility pole
3464:Timber truss
3384:Log building
3047:Heat bending
2992:Edge banding
2764:Router plane
2759:Rebate plane
2719:Finger plane
2450:
2154:
2148:
2128:
2122:Lignum vitae
1880:
1874:
1839:Wood carving
1814:Shipbuilding
1799:Root carving
1759:Log building
1724:Chip carving
1708:
1582:
1563:
1553:at Wikibooks
1524:
1515:
1509:. Retrieved
1502:the original
1489:
1478:. Retrieved
1474:the original
1464:
1452:. Retrieved
1450:. Energystar
1439:
1428:. Retrieved
1424:the original
1414:
1403:
1391:. Retrieved
1387:
1378:
1366:. Retrieved
1362:
1353:
1341:. Retrieved
1337:
1328:
1316:. Retrieved
1312:
1303:
1286:
1278:
1273:
1265:
1260:
1252:sci-news.com
1251:
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1066:Roza, Greg.
1062:
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982:sukiya-daiku
981:
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786:
768:Cabinetmaker
766:
748:
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698:
677:shop fitting
670:
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642:
626:
614:
612:carpenters.
603:
594:
590:
586:
566:construction
563:
555:
546:
542:
523:
491:
485:
468:
449:circular saw
437:
414:such as the
409:
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370:
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344:
340:
339:. The terms
337:cabinetmaker
336:
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329:
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310:
303:first fixing
302:
296:
286:
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267:
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230:
217:
213:South Africa
153:
152:
109:cabinetmaker
77:Construction
66:Professional
4939:Woodworking
4810:Plasterwork
4800:Megaproject
4612:Engineering
4541:Site safety
4313:Steel fixer
4278:Electrician
4248:Boilermaker
4154:Professions
3989:Woodworking
3974:Wood drying
3959:Papermaking
3779:By-products
3685:Derivatives
3623:Pellet fuel
3364:Flitch beam
3268:WikiProject
3214:Rift sawing
3204:Flat sawing
3092:Wood drying
2769:Scrub plane
2754:Razee plane
2704:Block plane
2558:Mitre clamp
2505:Wood scribe
2456:Combination
2198:Purpleheart
1894:Douglas fir
1844:Woodturning
1677:Occupations
1639:Woodworking
1454:8 September
1042:Woodworking
884:Log builder
753:such as in
689:maintenance
681:scaffolding
624:education.
622:woodworking
578:Mathematics
341:housewright
283:wheelwright
272:Old English
245:charpentier
205:Switzerland
132:scaffolding
105:barrelmaker
83:Description
4934:Scoutcraft
4923:Categories
4827:Parge coat
4758:Demolition
4524:Regulation
4488:By country
4293:Millwright
4288:Ironworker
4253:Bricklayer
3831:Historical
3812:Wood flour
3661:Paperboard
3531:Fiberboard
3489:Engineered
3349:Bressummer
3223:Techniques
3172:Conversion
3102:Wood stain
3030:Treatments
2818:Birdsmouth
2784:Spokeshave
2734:Jack plane
2724:Fore plane
2563:Pipe clamp
2528:Band clamp
2452:Carpenters
2273:Engineered
2223:Rubberwood
2072:Eucalyptus
1876:Calocedrus
1789:Pyrography
1754:Kohlrosing
1579:Carpenters
1511:2009-07-07
1480:2012-05-21
1430:2012-07-08
1211:: 105082.
1055:References
1011:repurposed
999:soundness.
978:Miya-daiku
957:Shipwright
901:instrument
703:(riving),
582:Technology
576:(GCSE) in
561:training.
534:journeyman
530:apprentice
377:Bronze Age
345:barnwright
320:shuttering
311:Second fix
287:boatwright
270:(from the
241:carpentier
237:Old French
56:Occupation
18:Carpenters
4929:Carpentry
4832:Roughcast
4298:Plasterer
4258:Carpenter
4161:Architect
3853:Clapboard
3822:Woodchips
3817:Wood wool
3697:Cellulose
3692:Birch-tar
3646:Cardboard
3628:Wood fuel
3536:hardboard
3439:Reclaimed
3404:Panelling
3394:Log house
3389:Log cabin
3012:Parquetry
3007:Oystering
3002:Marquetry
2843:Butterfly
2510:Workbench
2442:Sandpaper
2422:Mitre box
2367:Drawknife
2357:Burnisher
2342:Abrasives
2291:Hardboard
1952:Afromosia
1834:Whittling
1784:Parquetry
1769:Marquetry
1714:Certosina
1709:Carpentry
1699:Cabinetry
1646:Overviews
1575:(England)
1551:Carpentry
1540:Carpentry
1233:213707193
1081:Carpentry
1007:reclaimed
905:parquetry
897:cabinetry
855:falsework
851:carpenter
795:works in
773:wardrobes
701:splitting
695:Materials
445:cut nails
401:Vitruvius
373:Stone Age
349:materials
227:Etymology
209:Australia
170:buildings
154:Carpentry
42:Carpentry
4895:Category
4820:Proofing
4723:Millwork
4364:Build UK
4243:Banksman
4014:Category
3995:Yakisugi
3929:Forestry
3897:See also
3838:Axe ties
3807:Tall oil
3787:Barkdust
3769:Wood gas
3749:Pine tar
3739:Methanol
3671:Pulpwood
3618:Firewood
3601:Charcoal
3594:Fuelwood
3541:Masonite
3469:Treenail
3369:Flooring
3258:Category
3037:Adhesive
3017:Purfling
2997:Intarsia
2938:Profiles
2863:Dovetail
2802:Geometry
2641:Hand saw
2626:Crosscut
2611:Circular
2606:Chainsaw
2553:Holdfast
2218:Rosewood
2150:American
2145:Mahogany
2117:Jelutong
2087:Hornbeam
2052:Cocobolo
2047:Chestnut
1962:Andiroba
1774:Millwork
1739:Intarsia
1734:Fretwork
1729:Ébéniste
1658:Glossary
1600:(1914).
1393:10 April
1388:osha.gov
1368:10 April
1363:osha.gov
1343:10 April
1338:osha.gov
1318:10 April
1293:Archived
1114:Archived
1018:See also
1003:Recycled
990:tateguya
903:making,
859:concrete
857:used in
849:Formwork
777:dressers
683:, bench
526:training
500:Training
381:Iron Age
256:carriage
243:(later,
185:formwork
182:concrete
4887:Outline
4837:Harling
4670:Methods
4581:British
4510:Romania
4433:(NAWIC)
4382:(CIPHE)
4376:(CICES)
4303:Plumber
4283:Glazier
4118:History
4025:Commons
3904:Biomass
3878:Tanbark
3802:Sawdust
3613:Firelog
3606:biochar
3568:Plywood
3526:I-joist
3444:Shingle
3399:Molding
3278:Commons
3194:Whipsaw
3189:Sawmill
3082:Varnish
3077:Thermal
3052:Lacquer
2987:Binding
2956:Chamfer
2823:Biscuit
2789:Surform
2681:Whipsaw
2651:Keyhole
2636:Fretsaw
2616:Compass
2601:Bucksaw
2591:Bandsaw
2586:Backsaw
2568:Sawbuck
2538:F-clamp
2533:C-clamp
2407:Jointer
2311:Plywood
2263:Zebrano
2203:Ovankol
2168:Meranti
2156:African
2127:Linden
2082:Hickory
2037:Cedrela
2032:Camphor
2027:Bubinga
2022:Boxwood
2002:Bilinga
1987:Avodire
1904:Juniper
1889:Cypress
1764:Luthier
1653:History
1591:of the
1587:of the
1213:Bibcode
935:scenery
916:Luthier
909:joinery
838:mantels
834:casings
715:called
713:sawmill
709:pit saw
685:joinery
673:joiners
662:Iceland
389:Germany
379:to the
375:to the
359:History
316:joinery
297:In the
258:." The
233:English
117:luthier
4546:Zoning
4469:(RICS)
4457:(NTCA)
4445:(NKBA)
4439:(NFPA)
4427:(NAHB)
4399:(CMAA)
4388:(CECA)
4360:(APHC)
4348:(ATAC)
4342:(ASCE)
4318:Welder
4308:Roofer
3863:Potash
3764:Tannin
3724:Lignin
3638:Fibers
3583:lumber
3509:veneer
3449:Siding
3429:Rafter
3424:Purlin
3339:Batten
3332:timber
3328:Lumber
3184:Hewing
2923:Splice
2878:Halved
2873:Groove
2868:Finger
2848:Coping
2833:Bridle
2810:Joints
2691:Planes
2676:Veneer
2666:Scroll
2661:Ripsaw
2646:Jigsaw
2621:Coping
2520:Clamps
2447:Square
2437:Shaper
2432:Router
2412:Mallet
2387:Gimlet
2362:Chisel
2258:Willow
2248:Walnut
2238:Totara
2228:Sapele
2193:Poplar
2178:Padauk
2140:Merbau
2112:Jarrah
2097:Imbuia
2092:Idigbo
2057:Cumaru
2042:Cherry
1967:Anigre
1929:Spruce
1882:Cedrus
1749:Khatam
1704:Caning
1667:lumber
1231:
892:Joiner
866:Framer
831:window
815:maker.
813:barrel
808:Cooper
717:lumber
705:hewing
658:master
538:master
518:France
488:(1727)
471:screws
434:Europe
428:Norway
275:wryhta
268:wright
201:Canada
195:, the
160:and a
119:, and
113:framer
4564:Style
4505:Japan
4495:India
4475:(SBF)
4463:(RTA)
4451:(NRC)
4416:(HBF)
4409:FIDIC
4405:(CSI)
4354:(AGC)
4336:(AIC)
4085:Types
3944:Mulch
3754:Pitch
3676:Rayon
3656:Paper
3474:Truss
3414:Plate
3409:Plank
3374:Joist
3359:Cruck
3062:Paint
2971:Ovolo
2966:Ogive
2951:Bevel
2918:Scarf
2903:Miter
2671:Table
2656:Miter
2631:Frame
2548:Gripe
2464:Speed
2460:Miter
2392:Gauge
2382:Float
2377:Fence
2372:Drill
2330:Tools
2253:Wenge
2243:Utile
2208:Ramin
2163:Maple
2135:Lovoa
2107:Iroko
2077:Hazel
2062:Ebony
2007:Birch
1997:Beech
1992:Balsa
1982:Aspen
1977:Apple
1957:Alder
1914:Kauri
1909:Larch
1871:Cedar
1854:Woods
1829:Treen
1505:(PDF)
1498:(PDF)
1448:(PDF)
1229:S2CID
974:daiku
964:Other
761:Types
755:stair
666:Japan
412:China
264:Scots
249:Latin
239:word
174:ships
162:craft
156:is a
4815:Damp
4773:DfMA
4677:List
4569:List
4500:Iran
4234:List
3719:Dyes
3702:nano
3666:Pulp
3491:wood
3459:Stud
3454:Sill
3419:Post
3379:Lath
3344:Beam
2961:Ogee
2946:Bead
2888:Knee
2858:Dado
2838:Butt
2578:Saws
2490:Vise
2427:Rasp
2352:Adze
2233:Teak
2188:Plum
2183:Pear
1944:Hard
1924:Rimu
1919:Pine
1863:Soft
1663:Wood
1456:2012
1395:2015
1370:2015
1345:2015
1320:2015
1183:The
939:sets
937:and
829:and
827:door
811:, a
664:and
557:pre-
514:Metz
508:The
343:and
279:work
262:and
221:wood
211:and
3734:Lye
3546:MDF
3514:LVL
3354:CLS
3087:Wax
3057:Oil
2893:Lap
2828:Box
2596:Bow
2468:Try
2347:Axe
2301:OSB
2296:MDF
2173:Oak
2102:IpĂŞ
2067:Elm
1972:Ash
1934:Yew
1899:Fir
1221:doi
1209:115
711:or
426:in
335:or
285:or
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2466:,
2462:,
2458:,
2454:,
2153:,
1879:,
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1514:.
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1336:.
1311:.
1250:.
1227:.
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840:,
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779:,
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687:,
679:,
516:,
496:.
395:.
355:.
322:.
299:UK
289:.
207:,
203:,
199:,
180:,
176:,
172:,
115:,
111:,
107:,
93:No
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1873:(
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1458:.
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1347:.
1322:.
1254:.
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1223::
1215::
1158:.
1100:.
1005:(
879:.
38:.
20:)
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