401:
599:
653:
135:
113:
992:, which are more robust and have greater variations of length. The most accurate instar identification is possible by using distinct morphological features that are instar specific and cannot be affected by the size of the specimen. Although this is possible only for few species with described larvae of all instars, such as
432:
and are most abundant in the temperate zone. The diversity is also greater in the temperate zone and they are quite rare in the tropics although there are species endemic to the region. It is thought that ants, flies and other carrion feeders outcompete them in these regions. They vary in size from 7
362:. The antenna is made up of 15 segments and is capitate (ending in an abruptly capped club) in the Nicrophorinae and has a more gradual club shape in the Silphinae. The subfamilies also differ in behavior. Members of the subfamily Silphinae show little to no care for their young and breed on large
689:. The parental care exhibited by this subfamily is that the adult beetles regurgitate food into the mouths of the young larvae until they are mature. Silphinae colonize later in the decaying process and the adults eat the maggot mass, sometimes leaving little maggot evidence left to estimate a
1025:
eggs, larvae, and on the carcass itself. This presents a problem in the determination of post-mortem interval because
Silphidae are known to eradicate other species from carrion. By eliminating the first colonizing species Silphidae can give an incorrect post-mortem interval.
979:
to aid in solving crimes. Many of the methods in determining stages of development are subjective. However, recent studies have found a more precise way of determining the stage of development of
Silphid larvae by measuring the maximum cranial width and other heavily
631:. There appears to be a truce between females who would normally compete for the males, and in these cases cooperative behavior extends to females caring for each other's offspring. At the height of breeding season pairs of beetles may compete for the
388:
in
Northern China. Many Silphidae are flightless although they have wings. This loss is thought to be a result due to the changes in habitat over time. Researchers have found that most flight-capable species in this group feed on
1138:
Backlund, Douglas C.; Gary M. Marrone; Christopher K. Williams & Kelley Tilmon (2008). "Population
Estimate of the Endangered American Burying Beetle, Nicrophorus americanus Olivier (Coleoptera: Silphidae) in South Dakota".
1065:
Bouchard, Patrice; Bousquet, Yves; Davies, Anthony E.; Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A.; Lawrence, John F.; Lyal, Chris H. C.; Newton, Alfred F.; Reid, Chris A. M.; Schmitt, Michael; Ślipiński, S. Adam; Smith, Andrew B. T. (2011).
589:
exhibited help determine the length of the larval stage. Pupation in this subfamily lasts six to eight days and is completed in the soil. The adult
Nicrophorinae will emerge from the soil and venture to find food and a mate.
627:. In this way, he will father more offspring, but the reproductive success of the primary female steadily declines. Sometimes, where there is a large carcass the likelihood of intense competition from flies leads to
370:
and will bury themselves and their food to rear their offspring in a bi-parental manner. There are approximately 183 species in this family, which are found worldwide although they are commoner in temperate regions.
673:, which are fresh, bloated, decay, and dry. The main areas of decomposition for adults are during both the bloated and decaying stages. Silphid larvae mainly inhabit during the decaying and dry stages of the
697:
for maturing larvae that the adult beetles feed and protect. In both subfamilies the larvae are observed to eat the decaying organic material while the adults mainly consume the maggots. Flies are the major
874:
Carcasses are kept out of sight and foul odors are prevented when
Nicrophorinae bury it under the ground. This will also reduce the surface area for flies to lay their eggs and decrease fly population.
1446:
Roach, B.; Eisner, T.; Meinwald, J (1990). "The
Defense Mechanisms of arthropods. 83. alpha-and beta-Necrodol, novel terpens from a carrion beetle (Necrodes surinamensis, Silphidae, Coleoptera)".
734:. Silphines are usually dark in color consisting of gold, black and brown. This dark coloring allows them to blend into their environment. Many nicrophorines have bright orange coloring on their
1005:
and possible manners of death. Also, in the future, entomologists will explore the social behavior of the beetles to a greater degree. Members of family
Silphidae are typically the first of the
310:. The number of species is relatively small, at around two hundred. They are more diverse in the temperate region although a few tropical endemics are known. Both subfamilies feed on decaying
619:. It has been observed that the cooperation of the two parent beetles leads to breeding success. More likely than not a breeding pair will work together, but in cases where there is large
693:. In the case of the sexton or burying beetles, Nicrophorinae, the adults will bury small animal carcasses and lay their eggs on it. In some species, a slight depression is made on the
796:
on their antennae, which are adapted to detect these chemicals. At a short distance, the end organs of the palpi detect the odors. Silphid beetles are usually more active at night,
780:
and the hind wings. The hind wings are membranous and are modified for flying or swimming. There are some
Silphidae who are able to fly, but others have lost this ability throughout
685:. Nicrophorinae will colonize the body earlier in decomposition in order to avoid competition with maggots. If there is a sufficiently large maggot mass they will not colonize the
3981:
3863:
1029:
Unlike most of the insects used as forensic markers, it is possible to assess if
Silphidae adults have colonized a corpse and left it later. For this purpose, some
967:, and determining the developmental rate. Based on the number of instars and the larval development stage, a time of death can be estimated. This is very useful in
3902:
898:
Members from the family Silphidae are known to have mutualistic relationships with other organisms. Nicrophorinae have a mutual relationship with phoretic
1174:
Cai, Chen-Yang; Thayer, Margaret K.; Engel, Michael S.; Newton, Alfred F.; Ortega-Blanco, Jaime; Wang, Bo; Wang, Xiang-Dong; Huang, Di-Ying (2014-09-30).
1243:"To what extent do new fossil discoveries change our understanding of clade evolution? A cautionary tale from burying beetles (Coleoptera: Nicrophorus )"
1276:"Evolutionary Relationships Among Food Habitat, Loss of Flight, and Reproductive Traits: Life-History Evolution in the Silphinae(Coleoptera:Silphidae)"
3648:
615:
and burying it by unearthing the soil underneath it. The burying behavior has seemingly evolved to prevent competition from other insects such as fly
3837:
416:' works, refers to any race of spirits inhabiting the air and is described as mortal, but lacking soul. The word is also related to the Latin word
3876:
1601:
Novák M.; Jakubec P.; Qubaiová J. Šuláková H.; Růžička J. (2017). "Revisited larval morphology of Thanatophilus rugosus (Coleoptera: Silphidae)".
706:. If a carcass is infested with maggots, many of the Nicrophorinae will abandon the carcass while members of Silphinae will feed on the maggots.
1391:
878:
Some Silphidae species inhabit human-occupied areas and become pests to farmers by using crops as an additional source of nutrients. In Europe,
1647:
Watson E.J.; Carlton C.E. (2005). "Succession of Forensically Significant Carrion Beetle Larvae on Large Carcasses (Coleoptera: Silphidae)".
1761:
569:
where a grandiose change occurs. During this stage the wings become fully developed and sexual maturity is reached, sometimes called the
823:
time as being infected with fly maggots, they will not colonize. Nicrophorinae have adapted to these situations and will bury the
1125:
Bi-parental care and social evolution in burying beetles: Lessons from the larder in Social Behavior in Insects and Arachnids
819:
and supply food for silphids. The disadvantage for the Nicrophorinae is that if the carcass is already “blown”, referring to
541:
takes approximately twenty six to fifty eight days to go from an egg to adult. The breakdown of this process is essential to
3881:
1041:
specimens and no Silphidae were sampled by forensic entomologists, it is reasonable to suspect that some Silphidae carrying
1393:
The insects and arachnids of Canada. Part 13. The Carrion Beetles of Canada and Alaska. Coleoptera: Silphidae and Agyrtidae
3889:
815:
puts the silphids at both an advantage and a disadvantage. The advantage is that fly competitors lay eggs that result in
738:, which may serve as a warning to other predators. Some species secrete a chemical from a rectal gland that consists of
250:
537:
development. The development in the subfamily Silphinae proceeds at a slower rate than in Nicrophorinae. The Silphinae
3746:
3723:
984:
areas of the larvae instead of measuring just the length, which is subject to change with each larva, particularly in
1486:
Eggert AK, Reinking M, Muller JK (1998). "Parental Care Improves Offspring Survival and Growth in Burying Beetles".
400:
3816:
1529:
Trumbo ST (2007). "Defending Young Biparentally: Female Risk-Taking with and Without a Male in the Burying Beetle,
134:
3907:
3829:
260:
231:
1660:
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lasting for ten to thirty days. After that time period is up the third instar larvae will venture away from the
3971:
1754:
1732:
Horn, GH (1880) Synopsis of the Silphidae of the United States with reference to the genera of other countries.
1586:
1569:
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areas. If an invader male overpowers the original male, it will mate with the original female and create a new
827:
to remove it from other competitors. With this technique, a steady food source is available for the larvae and
657:
492:
464:
652:
3976:
994:
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attacks. The members of Silphidae have many different modifications that allow them to thrive in different
3663:
598:
517:
482:
476:
470:
452:
373:
1400:
772:
Walking is the primary form of locomotion for Silphidae. They are able to travel great distances to find
3928:
760:
542:
538:
458:
397:. They also found that egg production increased with flight loss because of a more limited food supply.
319:
3751:
338:. They are commonly referred to as carrion beetles or burying beetles and are usually associated with
3785:
3710:
2900:
1187:
1077:
1002:
981:
960:
940:
886:
690:
628:
604:
446:
323:
121:
739:
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3119:
1747:
1686:(Acari: Parasitidae) in forensic autopsies and its application on postmortem interval estimation".
968:
764:
ejects this secretion as a spray and can rotate the end of its abdomen to spray in all directions.
521:, can be found primarily in the mountains of eastern Asia as well as along the Malay Archipelago.
3966:
1711:
1664:
1626:
1550:
1511:
1156:
378:
129:
916:, deutonymphs leave the adult Nicrophorinae and proceed to feed on nearby fly eggs and immature
3933:
573:
or adult stage where the cycle is then repeated. The Nicrophorinae cycle is generally quicker.
3915:
3772:
3388:
2805:
1703:
1618:
1503:
1297:
1223:
1205:
1105:
3943:
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are released. Silphidae use their sense of smell to locate carcasses from a long distance by
3920:
3485:
3264:
3259:
3182:
2940:
1956:
1695:
1656:
1610:
1581:
1542:
1495:
1455:
1287:
1254:
1213:
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1148:
1095:
1085:
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phoretic instars arrived previously to the corpse and abandoned it some time later, leaving
952:
785:
727:
719:
384:
The oldest fossils of silphids are known from the Middle Jurassic (~ 163 million years ago)
291:
206:
3174:
3127:
2972:
2956:
2632:
2392:
2361:
2276:
2194:
2085:
2053:
789:
743:
318:
and which types of carcasses they prefer. Silphidae are considered to be of importance to
3701:
1682:
González Medina A, González Herrera L, Perotti MA, JimĂ©nez RĂos G (2013). "Occurrence of
1570:"Phoretic Mite Discrimination Among Male Burying Beetle (Nicrophorus Investigator) Hosts"
1191:
1081:
3824:
3811:
3577:
3528:
3383:
3190:
2858:
2842:
2781:
2676:
2647:
2575:
2539:
2523:
2439:
2384:
2289:
2186:
2035:
1997:
1977:
1873:
1218:
1175:
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1067:
534:
311:
216:
924:. With less competition, both species are able to reproduce successfully underground.
3960:
3559:
3363:
3354:
3095:
3066:
3058:
3050:
3024:
2999:
2895:
2882:
2821:
2739:
2642:
2637:
2518:
2452:
2423:
2407:
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2294:
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2215:
2131:
2123:
2094:
1932:
1731:
1630:
1292:
1275:
904:
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793:
670:
566:
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are found in the Indian subcontinent as well in the countries of India and Pakistan.
299:
246:
70:
1715:
1668:
1554:
1515:
1343:
1342:
Dekeirsschieter, Jessica; François Verheggen; Georges Lognay; Eric Haubruge (2011).
1160:
112:
3777:
3536:
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3206:
3198:
3153:
3137:
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species) are used due to their phoront-host specificity. If a corpse is invaded by
797:
429:
394:
385:
359:
3715:
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and if any eggs have been laid they are killed so the new female can lay her own.
3728:
842:. If an invader female overpowers the original female, it will also create a new
436:
There are about 46 different species of Silphidae in North America which include
3894:
3850:
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3622:
3593:
3567:
3554:
3494:
3452:
3436:
3428:
3420:
3404:
3396:
3332:
3290:
3282:
3251:
3166:
3145:
3111:
3103:
3016:
2948:
2932:
2924:
2887:
2874:
2850:
2768:
2760:
2710:
2702:
2660:
2624:
2595:
2567:
2562:
2478:
2473:
2465:
2415:
2351:
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2210:
2202:
2118:
2110:
1927:
1030:
828:
820:
808:
723:
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574:
322:
because when they are found on a decaying body they are used to help estimate a
45:
3549:
3510:
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3444:
3307:
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3222:
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3034:
2982:
2866:
2797:
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2652:
2608:
2549:
2513:
2493:
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2366:
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1964:
1948:
1699:
1614:
1546:
956:
413:
390:
90:
55:
17:
3686:
1739:
1209:
3798:
3606:
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3315:
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3071:
3042:
2726:
2557:
2531:
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2397:
2299:
2268:
2240:
2073:
2048:
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2024:
1989:
1878:
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1853:
1802:
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972:
843:
839:
835:
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731:
624:
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355:
351:
315:
295:
256:
196:
166:
146:
95:
1707:
1622:
1499:
1344:"Large carrion beetles (Coleoptera, Silphidae) in Western Europe: a review"
1301:
1227:
1109:
1090:
1507:
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3518:
3468:
3412:
3371:
3320:
2977:
2908:
2789:
2501:
2307:
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2139:
1972:
1919:
1898:
1808:
1315:
1018:
976:
936:
928:
868:
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715:
703:
694:
682:
558:
85:
80:
65:
60:
50:
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1459:
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parasite. The parasites can be easily transmitted to other hosts during
545:. The cycle takes two to seven days after the egg is laid to hatch. The
3235:
3227:
3079:
2813:
2734:
2718:
1072:
1010:
964:
921:
913:
909:
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produce deutonymphs that crawl on Nicrophorinae and are transported to
864:
824:
812:
773:
747:
686:
674:
666:
636:
632:
620:
612:
578:
554:
367:
363:
339:
100:
75:
1432:
Ratcliffe, B. The Carrion Beetles (Coleoptera:Silphidae) of Nebraska.
1377:
Forensic Entomology: The Utility of Arthropods in Legal Investigations
1259:
1242:
714:
Beetles have many different weapons available to protect them against
565:. Pupation takes fourteen to twenty one days and is the major part of
412:
The word "silphid" or "sylph", first seen in the sixteenth century in
3855:
3764:
2826:
2686:
2319:
1796:
1784:
1771:
1006:
816:
777:
735:
678:
616:
550:
343:
335:
275:
186:
176:
156:
3842:
3657:
1329:
The carrion beetles (Coleoptera: Silphidae) of Nebraska. Bulletin 13
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1152:
1014:
917:
755:
651:
597:
582:
570:
546:
399:
347:
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and takes twelve to forty eight hours for the eggs to hatch into
899:
665:
Silphid adults feed in a saprophagous manner: they colonize the
562:
3661:
2070:
2021:
1895:
1827:
1743:
920:. Mites help Nicrophorinae reduce the number of competitors on
776:
to breed and feed on. Beetles also have two sets of wings, the
1241:
Toussaint, Emmanuel F. A.; Condamine, Fabien L. (April 2016).
1022:
1001:
Silphidae are being studied to find more exact estimations of
3790:
863:
to humans. They help the environment by laying their eggs on
677:. The primary food source for the subfamily Silphinae is the
1661:
10.1656/1528-7092(2005)004[0335:sofscb]2.0.co;2
1176:"Early origin of parental care in Mesozoic carrion beetles"
314:
such as dead animals. The subfamilies differ in which uses
1587:
10.1603/0013-8746(2008)101[266:pmdamb]2.0.co;2
611:
Nicrophorinae are well known for the habit of locating a
2142:(furniture beetles, death watch beetles, spider beetles)
1127:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 1–541.
393:
carcasses, whereas flightless species will feed on soil
1379:. Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC. pp. 10, 37, 189–199.
871:, which prevents accumulation of deceased organisms.
1418:
Essential Entomology: An Order-by-Order Introduction
1331:. Lincoln, USA: University of Nebraska State Museum.
3670:
3576:
3527:
3493:
3484:
3362:
3353:
3306:
3281:
3165:
3136:
3033:
3007:
2998:
2780:
2759:
2685:
2492:
2383:
2239:
2185:
2176:
2151:
2093:
2084:
1909:
1420:. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. pp. 62–66.
1274:Abe, T.; Ikeda, H.; Kagaya, T.; Kubota, K. (2008).
746:. The secretion has a strong, foul odor and may be
1476:. University of California Press 2004. p. 154–156.
959:. They are a very important tool in determining a
623:males try to boost their reproduction by emitting
302:. Members of Nicrophorinae are sometimes known as
3019:(jewel beetles, or metallic wood-boring beetles)
1351:Biotechnology, Agronomy, Society and Environment
927:Silphidae are known for being hosts to juvenile
354:were included. This family has two subfamilies,
1180:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
2742:(true weevils, bark beetles, ambrosia beetles)
1574:Annals of the Entomological Society of America
377:, known as the American burying beetle, is an
1755:
890:feeds on pumpkins, spinach, and sugar beets.
8:
2985:(ironclad beetles, cylindrical bark beetles)
1068:"Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)"
635:. The losing pair will be ejected from the
3658:
3490:
3359:
3004:
2182:
2090:
2081:
2067:
2018:
1906:
1892:
1824:
1762:
1748:
1740:
1375:Byrd, Jason H.; Castner, James L. (2001).
334:The family Silphidae belongs to the order
111:
31:
3649:List of subgroups of the order Coleoptera
2729:(straight snout weevils, New York weevil)
1585:
1291:
1258:
1247:Biological Journal of the Linnean Society
1217:
1199:
1099:
1089:
951:Silphidae are one of several families of
3156:(cicada beetle, cicada parasite beetles)
1603:International Journal of Legal Medicine
1370:
1368:
1366:
1364:
1057:
963:by collecting Silphid progeny from the
3246:(false fireflies, long-lipped beetles)
1642:
1640:
1428:
1426:
1316:https://www.etymonline.com/word/sylvan
859:Silphids are usually not considered a
504:. A species found in Great Britain is
366:. Nicrophorinae breed on small animal
1434:Bulletin of the Nebraska State Museum
800:, which may help reduce competition.
420:meaning "forests" or "of the woods".
350:. In the past, members of the family
7:
3982:Taxa named by Pierre André Latreille
3830:1f86ee05-e04b-475b-9ddc-2cc934a5ea02
3272:(false metallic wood-boring beetles)
1399:. Agriculture Canada. Archived from
1535:Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology
1390:Anderson, RS & SB Peck (1985).
1688:Experimental and Applied Acarology
1474:Introduction to California Beetles
1123:Eggert, A.; Muller, J. K. (1997).
330:Taxonomy, evolution, and etymology
25:
2883:Perimylopidae, or Promecheilidae
2468:(minute brown scavenger beetles)
1568:Grossman J.D.; Smith RJ (2008).
1293:10.1111/j.1558-5646.2008.00432.x
935:are closely associated with the
722:including colour warnings (from
133:
3098:(variegated mud-loving beetles)
867:and the larvae break down the
1:
2927:(narrow-waisted bark beetles)
2619:(parasitic flat bark beetles)
2570:(short-winged flower beetles)
2426:(lady beetles, or God's cows)
2163:(tooth-necked fungus beetles)
1684:Poecilochirus austroasiaticus
1314:Online Etymology Dictionary.
811:from other organisms for the
3439:(sand-loving scarab beetles)
2829:(minute tree-fungus beetles)
2655:(silvanid flat bark beetles)
1448:Journal of Organic Chemistry
971:, the emphasis on utilizing
3588:(primitive carrion beetles)
3544:(minute mud-loving beetles)
3407:(bumble bee scarab beetles)
3177:(soft-bodied plant beetles)
3148:(soft bodied plant beetles)
1951:(predaceous diving beetles)
549:will develop through three
278:that are known commonly as
4003:
3423:(scavenger scarab beetles)
3415:(enigmatic scarab beetles)
2588:Lamingtonium binnaberrense
2302:(soft-wing flower beetles)
1141:The Coleopterists Bulletin
912:. Once they arrive at the
669:during all four stages of
424:Diversity and distribution
3646:
3562:(water scavenger beetles)
3295:Rhinorhipus tamborinensis
3074:(long-toed water beetles)
2967:(polypore fungus beetles)
2869:(palm and flower beetles)
2853:(tumbling flower beetles)
2800:(ant-like flower beetles)
2578:(lined flat bark beetles)
2552:(pleasing fungus beetles)
2447:(handsome fungus beetles)
2080:
2066:
2031:
2017:
1992:(burrowing water beetles)
1905:
1891:
1837:
1823:
1779:
1700:10.1007/s10493-012-9606-1
1615:10.1007/s00414-017-1764-6
1547:10.1007/s00265-007-0403-5
969:medicocriminal entomology
768:Locomotion and navigation
730:), chemical defenses and
661:colonizing a dead rodent.
585:. The amount of food and
244:
239:
130:Scientific classification
128:
119:
110:
34:
3609:(feather-winged beetles)
2943:(false longhorn beetles)
2890:(jugular-horned beetles)
2837:(false darkling beetles)
2808:(cryptic fungus beetles)
2627:(shining flower beetles)
1967:(crawling water beetles)
1866:Sikhotealinia zhiltzovae
1009:to come in contact with
955:importance in the order
933:Nicrophorus vespilloides
658:Nicrophorus vespilloides
502:Thanatophilus lapponicus
493:Oiceoptoma noveboracense
465:Nicrophorus investigator
3090:(forest stream beetles)
2951:(synchroa bark beetles)
2911:(dead log bark beetles)
2903:(fire-coloured beetles)
2792:(ant-like leaf beetles)
2526:(silken fungus beetles)
2460:(well polished beetles)
2434:(minute fungus beetles)
2253:Acanthocnemus nigricans
1649:Southeastern Naturalist
1327:Ratcliffe B.C. (1996).
1201:10.1073/pnas.1412280111
902:. Mites from the genus
846:with the primary male.
784:. When an animal dies,
602:Male (left) and female
404:Ridged Carrion Beetle (
41:Middle Jurassic–Present
3601:(round fungus beetles)
2935:(false flower beetles)
2919:(wedge-shaped beetles)
2877:(false blister beetle)
2861:(hairy fungus beetles)
2816:(conifer bark beetles)
2713:(leaf-rolling weevils)
2374:(bark-gnawing beetles)
2134:(wounded-tree beetles)
2000:(false ground beetles)
1922:(trout-stream beetles)
1531:Nicrophorus pustulatus
1500:10.1006/anbe.1997.0588
1091:10.3897/zookeys.88.807
1049:mites in the process.
884:feeds on beets, while
834:Silphidae compete for
662:
608:
543:forensic entomologists
523:Nicrophorus nepalensis
518:Nicrophorus nepalensis
483:Nicrophorus tomentosus
477:Nicrophorus orbicollis
471:Nicrophorus marginatus
453:Nicrophorus americanus
409:
374:Nicrophorus americanus
320:forensic entomologists
3929:Paleobiology Database
3513:(false clown beetles)
3335:(plate-thigh beetles)
3217:(false click beetles)
3122:(water-penny beetles)
2771:(ship-timber beetles)
2750:(pine flower weevils)
2598:(root-eating beetles)
2418:(minute bark beetles)
2329:Phloiophilus edwardsi
1856:(reticulated beetles)
1003:post-mortem intervals
995:Thanatophilus rugosus
761:Necrodes surinamensis
655:
601:
506:Oiceoptoma thoracicum
459:Nicrophorus carolinus
442:Necrodes surinamensis
403:
280:large carrion beetles
3825:Fauna Europaea (new)
3391:(false stag beetles)
3376:Belohina inexpectata
3238:(net-winged beetles)
3201:(rare click beetles)
3114:(travertine beetles)
3106:(minute mud beetles)
2671:(dry-fungus beetles)
2506:Agapytho foveicollis
2263:(false skin beetles)
2126:(Jacobson's beetles)
1846:Crowsoniella relicta
1472:Evans, A. Hogue, J.
1033:mites (for example,
961:post-mortem interval
894:With other organisms
887:Necrophila americana
691:post-mortem interval
681:mass present on the
643:Behavior and ecology
605:Necrophila americana
498:Oiceoptoma rugulosum
488:Oiceoptoma inaequale
447:Necrophila americana
406:Oiceoptoma inaequale
324:post-mortem interval
122:Nicrophorus vespillo
3389:Diphyllostomatidae
2721:(primitive weevils)
2534:(flat bark beetles)
2284:(checkered beetles)
2271:(fruitworm beetles)
1959:(whirligig beetles)
1460:10.1021/jo00300a020
1416:McGavin, George C.
1192:2014PNAS..11114170C
1186:(39): 14170–14174.
1082:2011ZooK...88....1B
438:Heterosilpha ramosa
3254:(glowworm beetles)
2959:(darkling beetles)
2806:Archeocrypticidae
2663:(palmetto beetles)
2410:(dry bark beetles)
2197:(longhorn beetles)
1021:that will feed on
1017:are opportunistic
831:chances increase.
663:
609:
533:Silphidae undergo
410:
379:endangered species
3954:
3953:
3916:Open Tree of Life
3664:Taxon identifiers
3655:
3654:
3642:
3641:
3638:
3637:
3634:
3633:
3626:
3618:
3617:(carrion beetles)
3610:
3602:
3589:
3563:
3545:
3514:
3506:
3480:
3479:
3472:
3464:
3456:
3448:
3440:
3432:
3424:
3416:
3408:
3400:
3392:
3379:
3349:
3348:
3336:
3328:
3298:
3273:
3255:
3247:
3239:
3231:
3218:
3210:
3202:
3194:
3193:(soldier beetles)
3186:
3183:Brachypsectridae
3178:
3157:
3149:
3123:
3115:
3107:
3099:
3091:
3083:
3075:
3062:
3054:
3046:
3020:
2994:
2993:
2986:
2968:
2960:
2952:
2944:
2941:Stenotrachelidae
2936:
2928:
2920:
2912:
2904:
2891:
2878:
2870:
2862:
2854:
2846:
2845:(blister beetles)
2838:
2830:
2817:
2809:
2801:
2793:
2772:
2751:
2743:
2730:
2722:
2714:
2706:
2696:
2672:
2664:
2656:
2628:
2620:
2612:
2599:
2591:
2579:
2571:
2553:
2535:
2527:
2509:
2469:
2461:
2448:
2435:
2427:
2419:
2411:
2393:Akalyptoischiidae
2375:
2332:
2315:
2303:
2285:
2272:
2264:
2256:
2206:
2198:
2172:
2171:
2164:
2143:
2135:
2127:
2114:
2106:
2062:
2061:
2039:
2013:
2012:
2009:
2008:
2001:
1993:
1985:
1968:
1960:
1952:
1944:
1936:
1923:
1887:
1886:
1869:
1857:
1849:
1541:(11): 1717–1723.
1454:(13): 4047–4051.
1260:10.1111/bij.12710
947:Forensic research
720:ecological niches
629:communal breeding
577:is done near the
269:
268:
264:
254:
235:
27:Family of beetles
16:(Redirected from
3994:
3947:
3946:
3937:
3936:
3924:
3923:
3911:
3910:
3898:
3897:
3895:NHMSYS0001720097
3885:
3884:
3872:
3871:
3859:
3858:
3846:
3845:
3833:
3832:
3820:
3819:
3807:
3806:
3794:
3793:
3781:
3780:
3768:
3767:
3755:
3754:
3742:
3741:
3732:
3731:
3719:
3718:
3706:
3705:
3704:
3691:
3690:
3689:
3659:
3624:
3616:
3608:
3600:
3587:
3561:
3543:
3512:
3504:
3491:
3486:Staphyliniformia
3470:
3462:
3454:
3446:
3438:
3430:
3422:
3414:
3406:
3398:
3390:
3373:
3360:
3334:
3325:Declinia relicta
3322:
3292:
3271:
3265:Sinopyrophoridae
3260:Rhagophthalmidae
3253:
3245:
3237:
3229:
3216:
3208:
3200:
3192:
3184:
3176:
3175:Artematopodidae
3155:
3147:
3121:
3113:
3105:
3097:
3089:
3082:(riffle beetles)
3081:
3073:
3061:(turtle beetles)
3060:
3052:
3044:
3018:
3005:
2984:
2966:
2958:
2950:
2942:
2934:
2926:
2918:
2910:
2902:
2889:
2876:
2868:
2860:
2852:
2844:
2836:
2828:
2815:
2807:
2799:
2791:
2770:
2749:
2741:
2728:
2720:
2712:
2705:(fungus weevils)
2704:
2695:
2694:
2690:
2677:Tasmosalpingidae
2670:
2662:
2654:
2626:
2618:
2610:
2597:
2585:
2577:
2569:
2551:
2533:
2525:
2503:
2467:
2459:
2446:
2433:
2425:
2417:
2409:
2373:
2326:
2309:
2301:
2283:
2270:
2262:
2250:
2249:Acanthocnemidae
2204:
2196:
2183:
2162:
2141:
2133:
2125:
2112:
2104:
2091:
2082:
2068:
2037:
2019:
1999:
1991:
1979:
1966:
1958:
1950:
1942:
1935:(ground beetles)
1934:
1921:
1907:
1893:
1863:
1855:
1843:
1842:Crowsoniellidae
1825:
1764:
1757:
1750:
1741:
1720:
1719:
1679:
1673:
1672:
1644:
1635:
1634:
1598:
1592:
1591:
1589:
1565:
1559:
1558:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1488:Animal Behaviour
1483:
1477:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1443:
1437:
1430:
1421:
1414:
1408:
1407:
1405:
1398:
1387:
1381:
1380:
1372:
1359:
1358:
1348:
1339:
1333:
1332:
1324:
1318:
1312:
1306:
1305:
1295:
1286:(8): 2065–2079.
1271:
1265:
1264:
1262:
1238:
1232:
1231:
1221:
1203:
1171:
1165:
1164:
1135:
1129:
1128:
1120:
1114:
1113:
1103:
1093:
1062:
790:cyclic compounds
786:hydrogen sulfide
744:terpene alcohols
728:Batesian mimicry
702:of silphids for
290:. There are two
259:
249:
230:
207:Staphyliniformia
138:
137:
115:
105:
42:
38:Temporal range:
32:
21:
4002:
4001:
3997:
3996:
3995:
3993:
3992:
3991:
3972:Beetle families
3957:
3956:
3955:
3950:
3942:
3940:
3932:
3927:
3919:
3914:
3906:
3901:
3893:
3888:
3880:
3875:
3867:
3862:
3854:
3849:
3841:
3836:
3828:
3823:
3815:
3810:
3802:
3797:
3789:
3784:
3776:
3771:
3763:
3758:
3750:
3745:
3737:
3735:
3727:
3722:
3714:
3709:
3700:
3699:
3694:
3685:
3684:
3679:
3666:
3656:
3651:
3630:
3572:
3523:
3505:(clown beetles)
3476:
3447:(betsy beetles)
3355:Scarabaeiformia
3345:
3302:
3277:
3209:(click beetles)
3185:(Texas beetles)
3161:
3132:
3128:Ptilodactylidae
3053:(cedar beetles)
3029:
2990:
2973:Trictenotomidae
2859:Mycetophagidae
2776:
2755:
2692:
2691:
2689:
2681:
2633:Phloeostichidae
2584:Lamingtoniidae
2576:Laemophloeidae
2524:Cryptophagidae
2488:
2379:
2362:Thanerocleridae
2325:Phloiophilidae
2312:Metaxina ornata
2277:Chaetosomatidae
2235:
2168:
2147:
2105:(auger beetles)
2086:Bostrichiformia
2076:
2058:
2054:Torridincolidae
2038:(skiff beetles)
2036:Hydroscaphidae
2027:
2005:
1998:Trachypachidae
1943:(tiger beetles)
1901:
1883:
1833:
1819:
1775:
1768:
1737:
1728:
1723:
1681:
1680:
1676:
1646:
1645:
1638:
1600:
1599:
1595:
1567:
1566:
1562:
1528:
1527:
1523:
1485:
1484:
1480:
1471:
1467:
1445:
1444:
1440:
1431:
1424:
1415:
1411:
1403:
1396:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1374:
1373:
1362:
1346:
1341:
1340:
1336:
1326:
1325:
1321:
1313:
1309:
1273:
1272:
1268:
1240:
1239:
1235:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1137:
1136:
1132:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1055:
990:N. surinamensis
949:
896:
857:
852:
806:
770:
740:aliphatic acids
712:
650:
645:
596:
531:
511:One species of
433:to 45 mm.
426:
332:
304:burying beetles
288:burying beetles
284:carrion beetles
274:is a family of
255:
229:
132:
106:
104:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
40:
39:
36:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4000:
3998:
3990:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3977:Staphylinoidea
3974:
3969:
3959:
3958:
3952:
3951:
3949:
3948:
3938:
3925:
3912:
3899:
3886:
3873:
3860:
3847:
3834:
3821:
3812:Fauna Europaea
3808:
3795:
3782:
3769:
3756:
3743:
3733:
3720:
3707:
3692:
3676:
3674:
3668:
3667:
3662:
3653:
3652:
3647:
3644:
3643:
3640:
3639:
3636:
3635:
3632:
3631:
3629:
3628:
3625:(rove beetles)
3623:Staphylinidae
3620:
3612:
3604:
3596:
3591:
3582:
3580:
3578:Staphylinoidea
3574:
3573:
3571:
3570:
3565:
3560:Hydrophilidae
3557:
3552:
3547:
3539:
3533:
3531:
3529:Hydrophiloidea
3525:
3524:
3522:
3521:
3516:
3508:
3499:
3497:
3488:
3482:
3481:
3478:
3477:
3475:
3474:
3471:(hide beetles)
3466:
3458:
3455:(rain beetles)
3450:
3442:
3434:
3431:(stag beetles)
3426:
3418:
3410:
3402:
3394:
3386:
3384:Bolboceratidae
3381:
3368:
3366:
3357:
3351:
3350:
3347:
3346:
3344:
3343:
3338:
3330:
3318:
3312:
3310:
3304:
3303:
3301:
3300:
3291:Rhinorhipidae
3287:
3285:
3283:Rhinorhipoidea
3279:
3278:
3276:
3275:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3249:
3241:
3233:
3225:
3220:
3212:
3204:
3196:
3188:
3180:
3171:
3169:
3163:
3162:
3160:
3159:
3151:
3142:
3140:
3134:
3133:
3131:
3130:
3125:
3117:
3109:
3101:
3096:Heteroceridae
3093:
3085:
3077:
3069:
3064:
3059:Chelonariidae
3056:
3051:Callirhipidae
3048:
3045:(pill beetles)
3039:
3037:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3027:
3022:
3013:
3011:
3002:
2996:
2995:
2992:
2991:
2989:
2988:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2962:
2957:Tenebrionidae
2954:
2946:
2938:
2930:
2922:
2914:
2906:
2898:
2893:
2885:
2880:
2872:
2864:
2856:
2848:
2840:
2832:
2824:
2819:
2811:
2803:
2795:
2786:
2784:
2782:Tenebrionoidea
2778:
2777:
2775:
2774:
2765:
2763:
2757:
2756:
2754:
2753:
2745:
2740:Curculionidae
2737:
2732:
2724:
2716:
2708:
2699:
2697:
2687:Curculionoidea
2683:
2682:
2680:
2679:
2674:
2666:
2658:
2650:
2648:Protocucujidae
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2622:
2614:
2606:
2601:
2593:
2581:
2573:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2547:
2542:
2540:Cybocephalidae
2537:
2529:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2498:
2496:
2490:
2489:
2487:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2463:
2455:
2450:
2442:
2440:Discolomatidae
2437:
2429:
2424:Coccinellidae
2421:
2413:
2408:Bothrideridae
2405:
2400:
2395:
2389:
2387:
2385:Coccinelloidea
2381:
2380:
2378:
2377:
2372:Trogossitidae
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2322:
2317:
2305:
2297:
2292:
2290:Lophocateridae
2287:
2279:
2274:
2266:
2258:
2245:
2243:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2205:(leaf beetles)
2203:Chrysomelidae
2200:
2191:
2189:
2187:Chrysomeloidea
2180:
2174:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2166:
2157:
2155:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2145:
2137:
2132:Nosodendridae
2129:
2124:Jacobsoniidae
2121:
2116:
2113:(skin beetles)
2108:
2099:
2097:
2088:
2078:
2077:
2071:
2064:
2063:
2060:
2059:
2057:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2032:
2029:
2028:
2022:
2015:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2004:
2003:
1995:
1987:
1982:Meru phyllisae
1975:
1970:
1962:
1954:
1946:
1938:
1930:
1925:
1916:
1914:
1903:
1902:
1896:
1889:
1888:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1881:
1876:
1874:Micromalthidae
1871:
1859:
1851:
1838:
1835:
1834:
1828:
1821:
1820:
1818:
1817:
1811:
1805:
1799:
1793:
1787:
1780:
1777:
1776:
1769:
1767:
1766:
1759:
1752:
1744:
1735:
1734:
1727:
1726:External links
1724:
1722:
1721:
1694:(3): 297–305.
1674:
1655:(2): 335–346.
1636:
1609:(3): 939–954.
1593:
1580:(1): 266–271.
1560:
1521:
1478:
1465:
1438:
1422:
1409:
1406:on 2013-06-15.
1382:
1360:
1334:
1319:
1307:
1266:
1253:(4): 686–704.
1233:
1166:
1130:
1115:
1056:
1054:
1051:
948:
945:
895:
892:
856:
853:
851:
848:
805:
802:
794:chemoreceptors
769:
766:
758:. The species
750:irritating to
711:
708:
649:
646:
644:
641:
595:
592:
535:holometabolous
530:
527:
428:Silphidae are
425:
422:
331:
328:
312:organic matter
308:sexton beetles
267:
266:
242:
241:
237:
236:
224:
220:
219:
217:Staphylinoidea
214:
210:
209:
204:
200:
199:
194:
190:
189:
184:
180:
179:
174:
170:
169:
164:
160:
159:
154:
150:
149:
144:
140:
139:
126:
125:
117:
116:
108:
107:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
44:
43:
37:
26:
24:
18:Carrion beetle
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3999:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3964:
3962:
3945:
3939:
3935:
3930:
3926:
3922:
3917:
3913:
3909:
3904:
3900:
3896:
3891:
3887:
3883:
3878:
3874:
3870:
3865:
3861:
3857:
3852:
3848:
3844:
3839:
3835:
3831:
3826:
3822:
3818:
3813:
3809:
3805:
3800:
3796:
3792:
3787:
3783:
3779:
3774:
3770:
3766:
3761:
3757:
3753:
3748:
3744:
3740:
3734:
3730:
3725:
3721:
3717:
3712:
3708:
3703:
3697:
3693:
3688:
3682:
3678:
3677:
3675:
3673:
3669:
3665:
3660:
3650:
3645:
3627:
3621:
3619:
3613:
3611:
3605:
3603:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3584:
3583:
3581:
3579:
3575:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3534:
3532:
3530:
3526:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3511:Sphaeritidae
3509:
3507:
3501:
3500:
3498:
3496:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3483:
3473:
3467:
3465:
3461:Scarabaeidae
3459:
3457:
3451:
3449:
3443:
3441:
3435:
3433:
3427:
3425:
3419:
3417:
3411:
3409:
3403:
3401:
3399:(dor beetles)
3395:
3393:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3370:
3369:
3367:
3365:
3364:Scarabaeoidea
3361:
3358:
3356:
3352:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3313:
3311:
3309:
3305:
3299:
3296:
3289:
3288:
3286:
3284:
3280:
3274:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3250:
3248:
3242:
3240:
3234:
3232:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3213:
3211:
3205:
3203:
3199:Cerophytidae
3197:
3195:
3189:
3187:
3181:
3179:
3173:
3172:
3170:
3168:
3164:
3158:
3154:Rhipiceridae
3152:
3150:
3144:
3143:
3141:
3139:
3135:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3118:
3116:
3110:
3108:
3102:
3100:
3094:
3092:
3088:Eulichadidae
3086:
3084:
3078:
3076:
3070:
3068:
3067:Cneoglossidae
3065:
3063:
3057:
3055:
3049:
3047:
3041:
3040:
3038:
3036:
3032:
3026:
3025:Schizopodidae
3023:
3021:
3015:
3014:
3012:
3010:
3006:
3003:
3001:
3000:Elateriformia
2997:
2987:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2965:Tetratomidae
2963:
2961:
2955:
2953:
2947:
2945:
2939:
2937:
2931:
2929:
2923:
2921:
2917:Ripiphoridae
2915:
2913:
2907:
2905:
2901:Pyrochroidae
2899:
2897:
2896:Pterogeniidae
2894:
2892:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2873:
2871:
2865:
2863:
2857:
2855:
2849:
2847:
2841:
2839:
2835:Melandryidae
2833:
2831:
2825:
2823:
2822:Chalcodryidae
2820:
2818:
2812:
2810:
2804:
2802:
2796:
2794:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2783:
2779:
2773:
2767:
2766:
2764:
2762:
2758:
2752:
2748:Nemonychidae
2746:
2744:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2725:
2723:
2717:
2715:
2709:
2707:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2688:
2684:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2667:
2665:
2659:
2657:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2643:Propalticidae
2641:
2639:
2638:Priasilphidae
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2623:
2621:
2617:Passandridae
2615:
2613:
2611:(sap beetles)
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2582:
2580:
2574:
2572:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2530:
2528:
2522:
2520:
2519:Cavognathidae
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2500:
2499:
2497:
2495:
2491:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2464:
2462:
2456:
2454:
2453:Eupsilobiidae
2451:
2449:
2445:Endomychidae
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2432:Corylophidae
2430:
2428:
2422:
2420:
2414:
2412:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2382:
2376:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2347:Protopeltidae
2345:
2343:
2342:Prionoceridae
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2306:
2304:
2298:
2296:
2295:Mauroniscidae
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2267:
2265:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2247:
2246:
2244:
2242:
2238:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2216:Megalopodidae
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2201:
2199:
2195:Cerambycidae
2193:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2175:
2165:
2161:Derodontidae
2159:
2158:
2156:
2154:
2153:Derodontoidea
2150:
2144:
2138:
2136:
2130:
2128:
2122:
2120:
2119:Endecatomidae
2117:
2115:
2109:
2107:
2103:Bostrichidae
2101:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2095:Bostrichoidea
2092:
2089:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2069:
2065:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2049:Sphaeriusidae
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2034:
2033:
2030:
2026:
2020:
2016:
2002:
1996:
1994:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1963:
1961:
1955:
1953:
1947:
1945:
1941:Cicindelidae
1939:
1937:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1918:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1894:
1890:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1860:
1858:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1840:
1839:
1836:
1832:
1826:
1822:
1816:
1812:
1810:
1806:
1804:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1792:
1788:
1786:
1782:
1781:
1778:
1773:
1765:
1760:
1758:
1753:
1751:
1746:
1745:
1742:
1738:
1733:
1730:
1729:
1725:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1678:
1675:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1643:
1641:
1637:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1597:
1594:
1588:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1564:
1561:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1525:
1522:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1494:(1): 97–107.
1493:
1489:
1482:
1479:
1475:
1469:
1466:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1442:
1439:
1435:
1429:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1413:
1410:
1402:
1395:
1394:
1386:
1383:
1378:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1361:
1357:(3): 435–447.
1356:
1352:
1345:
1338:
1335:
1330:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1311:
1308:
1303:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1270:
1267:
1261:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1237:
1234:
1229:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1170:
1167:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1153:10.1649/982.1
1150:
1146:
1142:
1134:
1131:
1126:
1119:
1116:
1111:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1076:(88): 1–972.
1075:
1074:
1069:
1061:
1058:
1052:
1050:
1048:
1047:Poecilochirus
1044:
1043:Poecilochirus
1040:
1039:Poecilochirus
1036:
1035:Poecilochirus
1032:
1027:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
999:
997:
996:
991:
987:
983:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
954:
946:
944:
942:
938:
934:
930:
925:
923:
919:
915:
911:
907:
906:
905:Poecilochirus
901:
893:
891:
889:
888:
883:
882:
881:Aclypea opaca
876:
872:
870:
866:
862:
854:
850:Relationships
849:
847:
845:
841:
837:
832:
830:
826:
822:
821:Shakespearean
818:
814:
810:
803:
801:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
767:
765:
763:
762:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
732:parental care
729:
725:
721:
717:
709:
707:
705:
701:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
671:decomposition
668:
660:
659:
654:
647:
642:
640:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
607:
606:
600:
593:
591:
588:
587:parental care
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
567:metamorphosis
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
528:
526:
524:
520:
519:
514:
509:
507:
503:
499:
495:
494:
489:
485:
484:
479:
478:
473:
472:
467:
466:
461:
460:
455:
454:
449:
448:
443:
439:
434:
431:
423:
421:
419:
415:
407:
402:
398:
396:
395:invertebrates
392:
387:
382:
380:
376:
375:
369:
365:
361:
360:Nicrophorinae
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
329:
327:
325:
321:
317:
316:parental care
313:
309:
305:
301:
300:Nicrophorinae
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
265:
262:
258:
252:
248:
247:Nicrophorinae
243:
238:
233:
228:
225:
222:
221:
218:
215:
213:Superfamily:
212:
211:
208:
205:
202:
201:
198:
195:
192:
191:
188:
185:
182:
181:
178:
175:
172:
171:
168:
165:
162:
161:
158:
155:
152:
151:
148:
145:
142:
141:
136:
131:
127:
124:
123:
118:
114:
109:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
33:
30:
19:
3671:
3614:
3550:Helophoridae
3542:Georissidae
3537:Epimetopidae
3453:Pleocomidae
3437:Ochodaeidae
3421:Hybosoridae
3405:Glaphyridae
3397:Geotrupidae
3375:
3372:Belohinidae
3333:Eucinetidae
3324:
3321:Decliniidae
3294:
3252:Phengodidae
3191:Cantharidae
3146:Dascillidae
3138:Dascilloidea
3120:Psephenidae
3112:Lutrochidae
3104:Limnichidae
3017:Buprestidae
3009:Buprestoidea
2949:Synchroidae
2933:Scraptiidae
2925:Salpingidae
2888:Prostomidae
2875:Oedemeridae
2851:Mordellidae
2769:Lymexylidae
2761:Lymexyloidea
2711:Attelabidae
2703:Anthribidae
2661:Smicripidae
2625:Phalacridae
2609:Nitidulidae
2604:Myraboliidae
2596:Monotomidae
2587:
2568:Kateretidae
2545:Cyclaxyridae
2505:
2502:Agapythidae
2466:Latridiidae
2416:Cerylonidae
2403:Anamorphidae
2337:Phycosecidae
2328:
2311:
2308:Metaxinidae
2261:Biphyllidae
2252:
2221:Orsodacnidae
2178:Cucujiformia
2111:Dermestidae
1981:
1920:Amphizoidae
1865:
1845:
1831:Archostemata
1815:Holometabola
1813:Superorder:
1807:Infraclass:
1736:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1677:
1652:
1648:
1606:
1602:
1596:
1577:
1573:
1563:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1524:
1491:
1487:
1481:
1473:
1468:
1451:
1447:
1441:
1436:. Volume 13.
1433:
1417:
1412:
1401:the original
1392:
1385:
1376:
1354:
1350:
1337:
1328:
1322:
1310:
1283:
1279:
1269:
1250:
1246:
1236:
1183:
1179:
1169:
1144:
1140:
1133:
1124:
1118:
1071:
1060:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1028:
1013:. Silphidae
1007:coleopterans
1000:
993:
989:
986:O. inaequale
985:
950:
932:
926:
903:
897:
885:
879:
877:
873:
858:
833:
807:
771:
759:
713:
664:
656:
610:
603:
594:Reproduction
532:
522:
516:
512:
510:
505:
501:
497:
491:
487:
481:
475:
469:
463:
457:
451:
445:
441:
437:
435:
427:
417:
411:
405:
386:Daohugou Bed
383:
372:
333:
307:
303:
287:
283:
279:
271:
270:
245:
240:Subfamilies
226:
203:Infraorder:
120:
29:
3851:iNaturalist
3696:Wikispecies
3594:Hydraenidae
3568:Spercheidae
3555:Hydrochidae
3519:Synteliidae
3503:Histeridae
3495:Histeroidea
3445:Passalidae
3413:Glaresidae
3270:Throscidae
3230:(fireflies)
3228:Lampyridae
3215:Eucnemidae
3207:Elateridae
3167:Elateroidea
2983:Zopheridae
2867:Mycteridae
2798:Anthicidae
2669:Sphindidae
2653:Silvanidae
2563:Hobartiidae
2550:Erotylidae
2479:Mycetaeidae
2474:Murmidiidae
2458:Euxestidae
2352:Rentoniidae
2226:Oxypeltidae
2211:Disteniidae
2044:Lepiceridae
1973:Hygrobiidae
1965:Haliplidae
1949:Dytiscidae
1928:Aspidytidae
1147:(4): 9–15.
1031:Parasitidae
982:sclerotized
855:With humans
829:procreation
809:Competition
804:Competition
752:cockroaches
724:aposematism
575:Oviposition
529:Development
513:Nicrophorus
292:subfamilies
3987:Scavengers
3961:Categories
3615:Silphidae
3607:Ptiliidae
3599:Leiodidae
3586:Agyrtidae
3429:Lucanidae
3308:Scirtoidea
3244:Omethidae
3223:Jurasaidae
3072:Dryopidae
3043:Byrrhidae
3035:Byrrhoidea
2727:Brentidae
2532:Cucujidae
2514:Boganiidae
2494:Cucujoidea
2367:Thymalidae
2357:Rhadalidae
2300:Melyridae
2269:Byturidae
2231:Vesperidae
2140:Ptiniidae
1990:Noteridae
1957:Gyrinidae
1933:Carabidae
1862:Jurodidae
1854:Cupedidae
1801:Subclass:
1791:Arthropoda
1772:Coleoptera
1053:References
973:arthropods
957:Coleoptera
941:copulation
700:competitor
625:pheromones
539:life cycle
430:ubiquitous
414:Paracelsus
391:vertebrate
336:Coleoptera
193:Suborder:
187:Coleoptera
167:Arthropoda
3967:Silphidae
3729:Silphidae
3716:Silphidae
3702:Silphidae
3672:Silphidae
3469:Trogidae
3463:(scarabs)
3341:Scirtidae
3316:Clambidae
2909:Pythidae
2843:Meloidae
2790:Aderidae
2693:(weevils)
2558:Helotidae
2484:Teredidae
2398:Alexiidae
2282:Cleridae
2241:Cleroidea
2074:Polyphaga
2072:Suborder
2025:Myxophaga
2023:Suborder
1978:Meruidae
1897:Suborder
1879:Ommatidae
1829:Suborder
1803:Pterygota
1783:Kingdom:
1631:206976798
1280:Evolution
1210:0027-8424
1019:predators
929:nematodes
865:carcasses
798:nocturnal
788:and some
782:evolution
774:carcasses
748:topically
356:Silphinae
352:Agyrtidae
296:Silphinae
272:Silphidae
261:Latreille
257:Silphinae
232:Latreille
227:Silphidae
197:Polyphaga
153:Kingdom:
147:Eukaryota
35:Silphidae
3760:BugGuide
3736:BioLib:
3681:Wikidata
3236:Lycidae
3080:Elmidae
2978:Ulodidae
2814:Boridae
2719:Belidae
2320:Peltidae
1913:families
1899:Adephaga
1809:Neoptera
1789:Phylum:
1785:Animalia
1774:families
1716:16228053
1708:22914911
1669:86084430
1623:29270839
1555:26073189
1516:41821139
1302:18507741
1228:25225362
1161:85841685
1110:21594053
1023:dipteran
977:evidence
953:forensic
937:nematode
869:detritus
861:nuisance
836:brooding
716:predator
704:detritus
695:detritus
683:detritus
559:detritus
223:Family:
163:Phylum:
157:Animalia
143:Domain:
3944:4779669
3687:Q303626
2827:Ciidae
2735:Caridae
1797:Insecta
1795:Class:
1770:Extant
1508:9480676
1219:4191754
1188:Bibcode
1101:3088472
1078:Bibcode
1073:ZooKeys
1011:carrion
965:carcass
922:carrion
914:carrion
910:carrion
825:carcass
817:maggots
813:carrion
710:Defense
687:carcass
675:carrion
667:carrion
637:carrion
633:carrion
621:carrion
617:maggots
613:carcass
579:carcass
555:carrion
553:on the
551:instars
368:carrion
364:carrion
340:carrion
276:beetles
183:Order:
177:Insecta
173:Class:
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918:larvae
778:elytra
736:elytra
679:maggot
583:larvae
563:pupate
547:larvae
346:, and
263:, 1806
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1627:S2CID
1551:S2CID
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1404:(PDF)
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1157:S2CID
900:mites
844:brood
840:brood
756:flies
571:imago
418:silva
344:fungi
251:Kirby
3903:NCBI
3877:ITIS
3843:4762
3838:GBIF
3799:EPPO
3791:8614
3752:1078
3747:BOLD
3739:5320
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1607:2017
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1298:PMID
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988:and
754:and
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648:Food
358:and
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298:and
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