564:
850:
934:
389:
648:
1056:. Scientists who study these insects have occasionally called the gynosome a "female penis" and insisted to drop the definition of penis as "the male copulatory organ". Motivations for using the term “female penis” include that such a term "is easier to understand and much more eye-catching" and that the gynosome have "analogous features" with male penises. Meanwhile, critics have argued that it does not fit the intromittent organ definition of "a structure that enters the female genital tract and deposits sperm".
355:
663:
997:
717:
67:
573:
697:
680:
3050:
Bates, Paul J. J.; Ratrimomanarivo, Fanja H.; Harrison, David L.; Goodman, Steven M. (December 2006). "A description of a new species of
Pipistrellus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from Madagascar with a review of related Vespertilioninae from the island".
585:
have a corkscrew-shaped penis while female ducks have corkscrew vaginas with many blind pockets evolved for difficult penetration and to prevent becoming pregnant. This reduced the likelihood of fertilization by unwanted aggressors in favor of fitter
1050:. Species of this genus have sex-reversed genitalia: females have penis-like organs called gynosomes that are inserted into vagina-like openings of males during mating. A similar female structure has also been described in the closely related
2166:
Riedelsheimer, B., Unterberger, P., Künzle, H. and U. Welsch. 2007. Histological study of the cloacal region and associated structures in the hedgehog tenrec
Echinops telfairi. Mammalian Biology 72(6):
2910:
1930:
1251:
2321:
Yoshizawa K, Ferreira R.L., Yao I, Lienhard C & Kamimura Y. "Independent origins of female penis and its coevolution with male vagina in cave insects (Psocodea: Prionoglarididae)".
563:
1169:
420:
began to abandon the aquatic environment. In fact, the necessity to overcome the absence of a liquid phase in which to release the gametes was achieved through the transition to
1968:
1770:
1479:
397:
3774:"A new genus and species of rodent from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae: Oryzomyini), with comments on oryzomyine biogeography"
1872:
632:, not blood. It is usually partially feathered and in some species features spines and brush-like filaments, and in a flaccid state, curls up inside the cloaca.
1731:
628:
also has a penis. A bird penis is different in structure from mammal penises, being an erectile expansion of the cloacal wall (in ducks) and being erected by
2560:
2914:
4273:
4268:
1676:
1653:
1323:
4174:"Phylogenetic relationships of oryzomyine rodents (Muroidea: Sigmodontinae): separate and combined analyses of morphological and molecular data"
3972:
The
Complete Guide to the Care of Macropods: A Comprehensive Guide to the Handrearing, Rehabilitation and Captive Management of Kangaroo Species
4104:"Comparative gross morphology of male accessory glands among Neotropical Muridae (Mammalia: Rodentia) with comments on systematic implications"
4085:
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4036:
4008:
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3952:
3924:
3894:
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3838:
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3737:
3709:
3681:
3653:
3625:
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3474:
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3393:
3366:
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3308:
3280:
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3231:
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3005:
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2940:
2864:
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2738:
2710:
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2142:
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1962:
1924:
1897:
1839:
1805:
1764:
1725:
1686:
1647:
1512:
1473:
1443:
1416:
1355:
1303:
1193:"Mating behaviour in the sea slug Elysia timida (Opisthobranchia, Sacoglossa): hypodermic injection, sperm transfer and balanced reciprocity"
1163:
2424:
895:, closely resemble the male hyena's genitalia, but can be distinguished from the male by the female's greater thickness and more rounded
2441:
1829:
4224:
849:
2030:
3604:
2892:
2836:
2401:
Yoshizawa K, Ferreira R.L., Lienhard C & Kamimura Y. (2019). "Why Did a Female Penis Evolve in a Small Group of Cave
Insects?".
2181:
1866:
1389:
1261:
2048:
2756:
2665:
933:
4133:(Rodentia: Muridae) from eastern Ecuador, with remarks on mammalian diversity and biogeography in the Cordillera Oriental"
1277:
269:
2460:
Hayssen V. (2020). "Misconceptions about
Conception and Other Fallacies: Historical Bias in Reproductive Biology".
4137:
2308:
1289:
280:
4189:
4146:
1581:"Explosive eversion and functional morphology of the duck penis supports sexual conflict in waterfowl genitalia"
2564:
973:
803:
363:
3412:"The glans penis in Neotropical cricetines (Family Muridae) with comments on classification of muroid rodents"
3251:
The safari companion: a guide to watching
African mammals, including hoofed mammals, carnivores, and primates
3064:
4283:
1295:
839:
517:
647:
388:
2157:
Gadow, H. On the systematic position of
Notoryctes typhlops. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1892, 361–370 (1892).
1856:
1715:
421:
135:
49:
31:
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509:
with each other, but were created several times independently of each other in the course of evolution.
1319:
299:
as "the Yard, made up of two nervous Bodies, the
Channel, Nut, Skin, and Fore-skin, etc." According to
2828:
Chasing
Kangaroos: A Continent, a Scientist, and a Search for the World's Most Extraordinary Creature
2329:
732:
As with any other bodily attribute, the length and girth of the penis can be highly variable between
210:
111:
337:φαλλος) is sometimes used to describe the penis, although "phallus" originally was used to describe
4278:
1530:"Resurrecting embryos of the tuatara, Sphenodon punctatus, to resolve vertebrate phallus evolution"
662:
482:
107:
319:
4201:
4160:
3068:
2409:
2079:
2022:
506:
474:
279:. Prior to the adoption of the Latin word in English, the penis was referred to as a "yard". The
229:
45:
2279:"A new genus of Sensitibillini from Brazilian caves (Psocodea: 'Psocoptera': Prionoglarididae)"
4220:
4081:
4060:
4032:
4004:
3976:
3948:
3920:
3890:
3862:
3834:
3806:
3733:
3705:
3677:
3649:
3621:
3600:
3572:
3544:
3498:
3470:
3442:
3389:
3362:
3334:
3304:
3276:
3255:
3227:
3199:
3134:
3087:
3029:
3001:
2964:
2936:
2888:
2860:
2832:
2804:
2762:
2734:
2706:
2671:
2643:
2615:
2587:
2539:
2384:
2376:
2300:
2224:
2177:
2138:
2111:
2071:
2014:
1958:
1952:
1920:
1893:
1862:
1835:
1801:
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1754:
1721:
1682:
1643:
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1508:
1502:
1469:
1463:
1439:
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1385:
1351:
1299:
1257:
1232:
1214:
1159:
1083:
996:
843:
400:
4075:
3361:. Washington, D.C. : Smithsonian Institution Libraries and National Science Foundation.
2930:
2728:
1887:
1692:
1637:
1406:
1379:
1345:
4193:
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4115:
3785:
3423:
3060:
2535:
2366:
2356:
2290:
2214:
2206:
2063:
2006:
1608:
1592:
1551:
1543:
1222:
1204:
914:
654:
292:
159:
90:
3221:
988:
are intromittent organs (to introduce sperm into the female) developed from modified fins.
66:
4248:
3184:
2505:
2347:
2341:
Yoshizawa, Kazunori; Ferreira, Rodrigo L.; Kamimura, Yoshitaka; Lienhard, Charles (2014).
1991:
1534:
1019:
835:
753:
404:
265:
2245:
Elements of
Herpetology, and of Ichthyology: Prepared for the Use of Schools and Colleges
913:
usually have bifurcated penises that are retracted into a preputial sheath in the male's
2481:
2468:
4263:
3913:
3249:
2219:
2194:
1613:
1580:
1556:
1529:
1227:
1192:
922:
869:
334:
72:
3358:
Mammals of the Soviet Union. Vol. II, part 1b, Carnivores (Mustelidae and Procyonidae)
2730:
Veterinary Notes for Horse Owners: An Illustrated Manual of Horse Medicine and Surgery
2087:
1033:. The male copulatory organ of various lower invertebrate animals is often called the
4257:
3790:
3773:
3356:
3327:
3156:
1794:
1678:
The Illustrated Encyclopedia of European Birds: An Essential Guide to Birds of Europe
1375:
1371:
904:
900:
873:
813:
799:
741:
625:
597:
494:
371:
206:
4205:
4164:
3072:
2083:
2026:
716:
3802:
The Rise of Placental Mammals: Origins and Relationships of the Major Extant Clades
889:
885:
865:
621:
604:(also present on the female), but not a penis. Among bird species with a penis are
467:
463:
237:
218:
102:
3329:
Asdell's Patterns of Mammalian Reproduction: A Compendium of Species-Specific Data
1796:
Asdell's Patterns of Mammalian Reproduction: A Compendium of Species-Specific Data
4214:
4054:
4028:
Anatomy and Physiology for Veterinary Technicians and Nurses: A Clinical Approach
4026:
3998:
3970:
3942:
3884:
3856:
3828:
3800:
3754:
3727:
3699:
3671:
3643:
3615:
3594:
3566:
3538:
3519:
3492:
3464:
3436:
3383:
3298:
3270:
3193:
3192:
Elbroch, Lawrence Mark; Kresky, Michael Raymond; Evans, Jonah Wy (7 April 2012).
3128:
3109:
3081:
3023:
2995:
2958:
2882:
2854:
2826:
2798:
2772:
2699:
2681:
2637:
2609:
2581:
2529:
2243:
2132:
2105:
1914:
1433:
1153:
1117:
1005:
819:
765:
605:
572:
529:
521:
498:
427:
Among amniotes, the development of an erectile penis occurred independently for
367:
38:
17:
1579:
Brennan, Patricia L. R.; Clark, Christopher J.; Prum, Richard O. (2010-05-07).
1281:
696:
2486:
Vilené: se dit un animal qui a la marque du sexe d'un autre émail que le corps
2361:
2342:
2010:
1052:
1041:
1011:
949:
823:
807:
773:
707:
452:
354:
245:
233:
214:
202:
85:
2442:"The retired taxonomist and the gynosome – the discovery of the female penis"
2380:
2304:
2277:
Lienhard, Charles; Oliveira do Carmo, Thais; Lopes Ferreira, Rodrigo (2010).
1604:
1218:
2343:"Female Penis, Male Vagina, and Their Correlated Evolution in a Cave Insect"
2295:
1102:
1046:
965:
938:
918:
910:
448:
375:
315:
307:
249:
198:
3466:
The ontogeny of social behavior in the gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis)
2388:
2259:
2228:
2210:
2018:
1622:
1596:
1565:
1547:
1236:
1209:
300:
4108:
Miscellaneous Publications of the University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
3416:
Miscellaneous Publications of the University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
2881:
Jones, Menna E.; Dickman, Chris R.; Archer, Mike; Archer, Michael (2003).
2075:
2067:
4119:
3427:
2561:"The Stallion: Breeding Soundness Examination & Reproductive Anatomy"
1127:
1107:
1096:
1071:
1030:
1015:
953:
877:
769:
617:
513:
432:
417:
413:
241:
2176:
Lutz, Dick (2005), Tuatara: A Living Fossil, Salem, Oregon: DIMI PRESS,
2049:"Penile spines of the domestic cat: their endocrine-behavior relations"
985:
969:
854:
791:
is present in most placentals but absent in humans, cattle and horses.
788:
777:
761:
737:
723:
613:
609:
593:
540:
525:
328:
94:
4103:
3411:
2371:
2278:
925:
are the only mammals in which the penis is located inside the cloaca.
679:
248:, there are morphological variants with specific terminology, such as
4197:
4155:
1122:
1112:
1065:
1026:
961:
945:
881:
827:
757:
733:
601:
533:
490:
486:
444:
440:
436:
428:
4128:
524:, a series of muscular contractions delivers semen, containing male
3269:
Frandson, Rowen D.; Wilke, W. Lee; Fails, Anna Dee (30 June 2009).
3083:
The Biology and management of an extinct species: Père David's deer
2131:
Armati, Patricia J.; Dickman, Chris R.; Hume, Ian D. (2006-08-17).
37:
This article is about penises in general. For the human organ, see
4173:
2482:"Armorial général; précédé d'un Dictionnaire des termes du blason"
1992:"Mammalian sexual differentiation: lessons from the spotted hyena"
995:
957:
932:
896:
892:
848:
834:
The internal structures of the penis consist mainly of cavernous,
669:
629:
502:
478:
456:
311:
261:
123:
4216:
Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference
1990:
Glickman, SE; Cunha, GR; Drea, CM; Conley, AJ; Place, NJ (2006).
318:
for it, a particularly common and enduring one being "cock". See
3726:
Lukefahr, Steven D.; Cheeke, Peter R.; Patton, Nephi M. (2013).
1040:
In 2010, entomologist Charles Linehard described a new genus of
781:
752:
penises, which become erect by straightening without expanding.
582:
232:, but not to all. As an example, the intromittent organ of most
2994:
Austin, Colin Russell; Short, Roger Valentine (21 March 1985).
516:
is the stiffening and rising of the penis, which occurs during
3883:
Schatten, Heide; Constantinescu, Gheorghe M. (21 March 2008).
703:
686:
168:
141:
3568:
East African Mammals: An Atlas of Evolution in Africa. Vol. I
2884:
Predators With Pouches: The Biology of Carnivorous Marsupials
2260:"Penis | Description, Anatomy, & Physiology | Britannica"
2195:"Turtle and mammal penis designs are anatomically convergent"
520:, though it can also happen in non-sexual situations. During
462:
Over time, birds have lost this organ, with the exception of
903:
have barbed penises, with about 120–150 one millimetre long
306:
As with nearly any aspect of the body involved in sexual or
4190:
10.1206/0003-0090(2006)296[0001:PROORM]2.0.CO;2
4147:
10.1206/0003-0082(2003)421<0001:ansotr>2.0.co;2
3941:
Skinner, J. D.; Chimimba, Christian T. (15 November 2005).
822:: the free end of the penis. The penile glans is absent in
44:"Penile" and "Penes" redirect here. For the community, see
4000:
Primate Encounters: Models of Science, Gender, and Society
3997:
Strum, Shirley C.; Fedigan, Linda Marie (15 August 2000).
3799:
Rose, Kenneth D.; Archibald, J. David (22 February 2005).
3617:
Veterinary Anatomy of Domestic Mammals: Textbook and Atlas
2667:
Horse Conformation: Structure, Soundness, and Performance
2423:
Yoshizawa K, Ferreira R.L., Kamimura Y & Lienhard C.
1756:
Promiscuity: An Evolutionary History of Sperm Competition
174:
3065:
10.3161/1733-5329(2006)8[299:ADOANS]2.0.CO;2
3022:
Bassert, Joanna M.; McCurnin, Dennis M. (1 April 2013).
2419:
2417:
2104:
Tyndale-Biscoe, C. Hugh; Renfree, Marilyn (1987-01-30).
1889:
Sexual Selection and the Origins of Human Mating Systems
952:
have a penis, while male specimens of the reptile order
543:(mammals, birds and reptiles) likely possessed a penis.
532:, from the penis. Ejaculation is usually accompanied by
3438:
Zoobiquity: What Animals Can Teach Us About Being Human
3325:
Hayssen, Virginia Douglass; Tienhoven, Ari Van (1993).
3025:
McCurnin's Clinical Textbook for Veterinary Technicians
2997:
Reproduction in Mammals: Volume 4, Reproductive Fitness
1585:
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
303:, this term meant (among other senses) "rod" or "bar".
275:, and the Greek word πέος = "penis" from Indo-European
4213:
Wilson, Don E.; Reeder, DeeAnn M. (16 November 2005).
3435:
Horowitz, Barbara N.; Bowers, Kathryn (12 June 2012).
1152:
Janet Leonard; Alex Cordoba-Aguilar R (18 June 2010).
976:, turtle and mammal penises have a similar structure.
3596:
East African Mammals: An Atlas of Evolution in Africa
3223:
The ecology and conservation of large African mammals
1858:
Functional Anatomy and Physiology of Domestic Animals
1828:
Chenoweth, Peter J.; Lorton, Steven P. (2022-02-03).
1792:
Virginia Douglass Hayssen; Ari Van Tienhoven (1993).
1435:
The Evolution of Primary Sexual Characters in Animals
1155:
The Evolution of Primary Sexual Characters in Animals
177:
171:
3772:
Percequillo, A.R.; Weksler, M.; Costa, L.P. (2011).
3111:
The sex life of wild animals: a North American study
2913:. Iowa State University Biology Dept. Archived from
1347:
Jacobson's Organ: And the Remarkable Nature of Smell
1029:, the structure analogous to a penis is known as an
287:
used in this sense from 1379, and notes that in his
165:
3195:
Field Guide to Animal Tracks and Scat of California
2727:Hayes, M. Horace; Rossdale, Peter D. (March 1988).
2528:Walker, Donald F.; Vaughan, John T. (1 June 1980).
794:In mammals, the penis is divided into three parts:
162:
122:
117:
101:
84:
79:
59:
4178:Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History
4053:Peter J Chenoweth; Steven Lorton (30 April 2014).
3915:Female Choices: Sexual Behavior of Female Primates
3912:
3326:
2698:
2583:Equine Clinical Medicine, Surgery and Reproduction
1793:
2563:. University of Wisconsin-Madison. Archived from
1191:Schmitt, V.; Anthes, N.; Michiels, N. K. (2007).
816:: the part of the penis extending from the roots.
740:. In many mammals, the penis is retracted into a
505:. The penises of different animal groups are not
3614:König, Horst Erich; Liebich, Hans-Georg (2007).
3537:Khanna, Dev Raj; Yadav, P. R. (1 January 2005).
1086:'s anatomy, especially if coloured differently.
972:must use their cloacae for reproduction. Due to
240:, a specialized arm, and male spiders use their
3080:Beck, Benjamin B.; Wemmer, Christen M. (1983).
2242:Ruschenberger, William Samuel Waithman (1846).
1916:Veterinary Genetics and Reproductive Physiology
1528:Sanger TJ, Gredler ML, Cohn MJ (October 2015).
984:In some fish, the gonopodium, andropodium, and
4080:. University of California Press. p. 41.
3944:The Mammals of the Southern African Sub-region
2929:Stonehouse, Bernard; Gilmore, Desmond (1977).
2831:. Grove/Atlantic, Incorporated. pp. 60–.
2580:Munroe, Graham; Weese, Scott (15 March 2011).
1432:Cordoba-Aguilar, Alex; Leonard, Janet (2010).
1099: – female homolog to the penis
756:are present in some prepuces. The penis bears
1438:. Oxford University Press. pp. 216–221.
884:, which is blocked by the false scrotum. The
8:
4025:Sturtz, Robin; Asprea, Lori (30 July 2012).
3756:Natural History Bulletin of the Siam Society
3521:Journal of the Mammalogical Society of Japan
1468:. University of Chicago Press. p. 583.
412:The external genital organs appeared in the
310:functions, the penis is the subject of many
4056:Animal Andrology: Theories and Applications
2608:Budras, Klaus Dieter; Sack (1 March 2012).
1457:
1455:
1381:Wolves: Behaviour, Ecology and Conservation
370:is aimed backward during urination. Tigers
322:for a list of alternative words for penis.
4074:Verts, B. J.; Carraway, Leslie N. (1998).
2911:"Discoveries about Marsupial Reproduction"
65:
4154:
3789:
3778:Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
2758:Modern Horse Breeding: A Guide for Owners
2370:
2360:
2294:
2218:
1957:. Cornell University Press. p. 116.
1759:. Harvard University Press. p. 102.
1612:
1555:
1504:Mammalogy: Adaptation, Diversity, Ecology
1226:
1208:
888:and pseudo-scrotum, which are actually a
3355:Heptner, V. G.; Sludskii, A. A. (2002).
2697:Evans, James Warren (15 February 1990).
1405:Dunlop, Jason A.; Penney, David (2012).
868:have a structure at the base called the
3645:Modern Text Book Of Zoology Vertebrates
2248:. Grigg & Elliot. pp. 129–145.
1144:
539:The last common ancestor of all living
3698:Linzey, Donald W. (28 December 2011).
3272:Anatomy and Physiology of Farm Animals
3180:
3169:
3159:. Chicago: A. N. Marquis & Company
2501:
2490:
2047:Aronson, L. R.; Cooper, M. L. (1967).
1465:Hyman's Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy
1462:Marvalee H. Wake (15 September 1992).
748:penises, which expand while erect, or
139:
56:
2639:Fertility and Obstetrics in the Horse
2425:"A Transgender Brazilian Cave Insect"
2107:Reproductive Physiology of Marsupials
1482:from the original on 31 December 2013
1411:. Siri Scientific Press. p. 44.
341:, pictorial or carved, of the penis.
7:
3491:Jackson, Hartley H. (January 1961).
2853:Hunsaker, Don II (2 December 2012).
2531:Bovine and equine urogenital surgery
1675:MobileReference (15 December 2009).
1172:from the original on 11 October 2013
1082:) indicates that part of an animate
744:when not erect. Mammals have either
416:, about 410 million years ago, when
27:Primary sexual organ of male animals
3670:Krause, William J. (1 March 2008).
3410:Hooper, E.T.; Musser, G.G. (1964).
3127:Carnaby, Trevor (22 January 2007).
2462:Integrative and Comparative Biology
2440:Hollier J & Hollier A. (2020).
1734:from the original on 7 January 2014
1639:Comparative Vertebrate Reproduction
1501:Feldhamer, George A. (2007-09-07).
403:with urine and secretions from the
260:The word "penis" is taken from the
186:
3565:Kingdon, Jonathan (January 1984).
3220:Eltringham, Stewart Keith (1979).
3198:. University of California Press.
1971:from the original on 26 March 2014
1919:. Churchill Livingstone Elsevier.
1773:from the original on 26 March 2014
1656:from the original on 26 March 2014
25:
4102:Voss, R.S.; Linzey, A.V. (1981).
3673:An Atlas of Opossum Organogenesis
3303:. T&N Children's Publishing.
3886:Comparative Reproductive Biology
3855:Sarkar, Amita (1 January 2003).
3791:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00643.x
3463:Horwich, Robert H. (June 1972).
3388:. University of Illinois Press.
2957:Tyndale-Biscoe, C. Hugh (2005).
2803:(4 ed.). Cengage Learning.
2797:Parker, Rick (13 January 2012).
2311:from the original on 2014-11-03.
2199:Proceedings. Biological Sciences
2036:from the original on 2013-02-22.
1875:from the original on 2018-03-20.
1714:Frank B. Gill (6 October 2006).
964:, have two paired organs called
880:instead of directly through the
715:
695:
678:
661:
646:
571:
562:
387:
353:
158:
4274:Mammal male reproductive system
4269:Animal male reproductive system
4003:. University of Chicago Press.
3599:. University of Chicago Press.
3571:. University of Chicago Press.
3382:Hoffmeister, Donald F. (2002).
2636:England, Gary (15 April 2008).
1933:from the original on 2014-03-26
1892:. John OUP Oxford. p. 68.
1855:William O. Reece (2009-03-04).
1384:. University of Chicago Press.
1326:from the original on 2011-06-06
1256:. JP Medical Ltd. p. 101.
221:, but not in all male animals.
3947:. Cambridge University Press.
3861:. Discovery Publishing House.
3543:. Discovery Publishing House.
3000:. Cambridge University Press.
2484:. G. B. van Goor zonen: XXXI.
2410:doi.org/10.1002/bies.201900005
2330:doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2018.0533
2137:. Cambridge University Press.
2110:. Cambridge University Press.
1350:. W. W. Norton & Company.
853:Genitorinary system of a male
620:(ducks, geese and swans). The
1:
4249:Kinsey Institute on the penis
3155:Brehm, Alfred Edmund (1895).
1320:"Online Etymology Dictionary"
1253:Male Reproductive Dysfunction
283:cites an example of the word
3919:. Cornell University Press.
3833:. Cornell University Press.
3830:The North American Porcupine
3333:. Cornell University Press.
3254:. Chelsea Green Publishing.
3130:Beat About the Bush: Mammals
3028:. Elsevier Health Sciences.
2516:General and cited references
1800:. Cornell University Press.
1720:. Macmillan. pp. 414–.
1344:Watson, Lyall (2000-04-17).
501:, also for the excretion of
213:. Such organs occur in both
3911:Small, Meredith F. (1993).
3858:Sexual Behaviour In Animals
3497:. Univ of Wisconsin Press.
2469:doi.org/10.1093/icb/icaa035
1158:. Oxford University Press.
1070:Pizzles are represented in
1000:The spine-covered penis of
838:, which is a collection of
776:mammals (mammals without a
401:Dogs mark their territories
4300:
3593:Kingdon, Jonathan (1984).
1831:Manual of Animal Andrology
1063:
876:inserts his penis through
43:
36:
29:
4138:American Museum Novitates
4031:. John Wiley & Sons.
3889:. John Wiley & Sons.
3275:. John Wiley & Sons.
3157:"Brehm's Life of Animals"
2935:. University Park Press.
2932:The Biology of marsupials
2856:The Biology of Marsupials
2642:. John Wiley & Sons.
2362:10.1016/j.cub.2014.03.022
2011:10.1016/j.tem.2006.09.005
1861:. John Wiley & Sons.
1291:Oxford English Dictionary
905:backwards-pointing spines
878:the female's pseudo-penis
872:. During copulation, the
281:Oxford English Dictionary
268:". Some derive that from
134:
64:
3676:. Universal-Publishers.
3648:. Rastogi Publications.
3297:Geist, Valerius (1993).
2733:. Simon & Schuster.
2664:Equine Research (2004).
2480:Rietstap, J. B. (1884).
2283:Revue Suisse de Zoologie
1886:Dixson, Alan F. (2009).
1636:Julian Lombardi (1998).
974:evolutionary convergence
528:known as sperm cells or
3248:Estes, Richard (1998).
2296:10.5962/bhl.part.117600
2264:Encyclopædia Britannica
1999:Trends Endocrinol Metab
1296:Oxford University Press
842:separated by sheets of
592:Most male birds (e.g.,
407:in front of the penis.
374:their territories with
4077:Land Mammals of Oregon
3969:Staker, Lynda (2006).
3642:Kotpal, R. L. (2010).
3179:Cite journal requires
3108:Burns, Eugene (1953).
3086:. Noyes Publications.
2825:Flannery, Tim (2008).
2761:. Globe Pequot Press.
2755:McBane, Susan (2001).
2500:Cite journal requires
2211:10.1098/rsbl.2004.0161
2205:(Suppl 5): S293–S295.
1597:10.1098/rspb.2009.2139
1548:10.1098/rsbl.2015.0694
1210:10.1186/1742-9994-4-17
1074:, where the adjective
1008:
941:
862:
802:): these begin at the
422:internal fertilization
345:Evolution and function
136:Anatomical terminology
50:Penes (disambiguation)
48:. For other uses, see
32:Penis (disambiguation)
3620:. Schattauer Verlag.
3053:Acta Chiropterologica
2614:. Manson Publishing.
2586:. Manson Publishing.
2193:Kelly, D. A. (2004).
2068:10.1002/ar.1091570111
1753:Tim Birkhead (2000).
1002:Callosobruchus analis
999:
936:
852:
110:, sometimes with the
4172:Weksler, M. (2006).
3827:Roze, Uldis (2009).
3494:Mammals of Wisconsin
3441:. Doubleday Canada.
2963:. Csiro Publishing.
2917:on September 5, 2012
2887:. Csiro Publishing.
2859:. Elsevier Science.
2611:Anatomy of the Horse
1250:Basu, S. C. (2011).
1197:Frontiers in Zoology
497:and, in the case of
112:genitourinary system
30:For other uses, see
3524:. The Society. 1986
3385:Mammals of Illinois
2909:King, Anna (2001).
1951:R. F. Ewer (1998).
1913:Susan Long (2006).
1681:. MobileReference.
1591:(1686): 1309–1314.
1294:(second ed.).
808:pelvic ischial arch
289:Physical Dictionary
230:intromittent organs
108:Reproductive system
4129:"A new species of
4127:Voss, R.S (2003).
3701:Vertebrate Biology
3540:Biology Of Mammals
2960:Life of Marsupials
1322:. Etymonline.com.
1014:are the only male
1009:
942:
863:
787:A bone called the
475:intromittent organ
244:. Even within the
46:Penile, Louisville
4087:978-0-520-21199-5
4066:978-1-78064-316-8
4038:978-1-118-40585-7
4010:978-0-226-77754-2
3982:978-0-9775751-0-7
3954:978-0-521-84418-5
3926:978-0-8014-8305-9
3896:978-0-470-39025-2
3868:978-81-7141-746-9
3840:978-0-8014-4646-7
3812:978-0-8018-8022-3
3739:978-1-78064-012-9
3729:Rabbit Production
3711:978-1-4214-0040-2
3683:978-1-58112-969-4
3655:978-81-7133-891-7
3627:978-3-7945-2485-3
3578:978-0-226-43718-7
3550:978-81-7141-934-0
3504:978-0-299-02150-4
3476:978-3-489-68036-9
3448:978-0-385-67061-6
3395:978-0-252-07083-9
3368:978-90-04-08876-4
3340:978-0-8014-1753-5
3310:978-1-55971-208-8
3282:978-0-8138-1394-3
3261:978-1-890132-44-6
3233:978-0-333-23580-5
3205:978-0-520-95164-8
3140:978-1-77009-240-2
3093:978-0-8155-0938-7
3035:978-1-4557-2884-8
3007:978-0-521-31984-3
2970:978-0-643-06257-3
2942:978-0-8391-0852-8
2866:978-0-323-14620-3
2810:978-1-111-13877-6
2768:978-1-58574-389-6
2740:978-0-671-76561-3
2712:978-0-7167-1811-6
2705:. W. H. Freeman.
2677:978-1-59228-487-0
2649:978-0-470-75041-4
2621:978-3-8426-8368-6
2593:978-1-84076-608-0
2545:978-0-8121-0284-0
2536:Lea & Febiger
2467:(3): p. 683-791:
2144:978-1-139-45742-2
2117:978-0-521-33792-2
1964:978-0-8014-8493-3
1926:978-0-7506-8877-2
1899:978-0-19156-973-9
1841:978-1-78924-350-5
1807:978-0-8014-1753-5
1766:978-0-674-00666-9
1727:978-0-7167-4983-7
1688:978-1-60501-557-6
1649:978-0-7923-8336-9
1514:978-0-8018-8695-9
1475:978-0-226-87013-7
1445:978-0-19971-703-3
1418:978-0-95677-954-0
1357:978-0-393-24493-9
1305:978-0-19-861186-8
1165:978-0-19-971703-3
844:connective tissue
766:placental mammals
477:used to transfer
295:defined the word
150:
149:
145:
16:(Redirected from
4291:
4237:
4235:
4233:
4209:
4168:
4158:
4123:
4098:
4096:
4094:
4070:
4049:
4047:
4045:
4021:
4019:
4017:
3993:
3991:
3989:
3975:. Lynda Staker.
3965:
3963:
3961:
3937:
3935:
3933:
3918:
3907:
3905:
3903:
3879:
3877:
3875:
3851:
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3151:
3149:
3147:
3133:. Jacana Media.
3123:
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3119:
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2877:
2875:
2873:
2849:
2847:
2845:
2821:
2819:
2817:
2784:
2782:
2780:
2771:. Archived from
2751:
2749:
2747:
2723:
2721:
2719:
2704:
2693:
2691:
2689:
2680:. Archived from
2660:
2658:
2656:
2632:
2630:
2628:
2604:
2602:
2600:
2576:
2574:
2572:
2556:
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2256:
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2222:
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2174:
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2164:
2158:
2155:
2149:
2148:
2128:
2122:
2121:
2101:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2086:. Archived from
2053:
2044:
2038:
2037:
2035:
1996:
1987:
1981:
1980:
1978:
1976:
1948:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1938:
1910:
1904:
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1877:
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1750:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1711:
1705:
1704:
1702:
1700:
1695:on 26 March 2014
1691:. Archived from
1672:
1666:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1633:
1627:
1626:
1616:
1576:
1570:
1569:
1559:
1542:(10): 20150694.
1525:
1519:
1518:
1498:
1492:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1459:
1450:
1449:
1429:
1423:
1422:
1408:Fossil Arachnids
1402:
1396:
1395:
1368:
1362:
1361:
1341:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1331:
1316:
1310:
1309:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1247:
1241:
1240:
1230:
1212:
1188:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1149:
917:when not erect.
915:urogenital sinus
780:) separates the
754:Preputial glands
746:musculocavernous
719:
699:
682:
665:
655:hamadryas baboon
650:
575:
566:
493:) for potential
481:into the female
473:The penis is an
405:preputial glands
391:
357:
320:WikiSaurus:penis
293:Steven Blankaart
228:applies to many
201:that is used to
188:
184:
183:
180:
179:
176:
173:
170:
167:
164:
142:edit on Wikidata
91:Genital tubercle
69:
57:
21:
18:Cat's penis
4299:
4298:
4294:
4293:
4292:
4290:
4289:
4288:
4254:
4253:
4245:
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4231:
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4212:
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4126:
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4092:
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4015:
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3553:
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3400:
3398:
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3324:
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3311:
3296:
3287:
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3247:
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3210:
3208:
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3191:
3178:
3168:
3162:
3160:
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3145:
3143:
3141:
3126:
3117:
3115:
3107:
3098:
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3079:
3049:
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3038:
3036:
3021:
3012:
3010:
3008:
2993:
2989:
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2745:
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2717:
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2713:
2696:
2687:
2685:
2678:
2670:. Lyons Press.
2663:
2654:
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2650:
2635:
2626:
2624:
2622:
2607:
2598:
2596:
2594:
2579:
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2527:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2499:
2489:
2479:
2478:
2474:
2459:
2455:
2451:(3): p. 122-125
2439:
2435:
2422:
2415:
2400:
2396:
2348:Current Biology
2340:
2339:
2335:
2323:Biology Letters
2320:
2316:
2276:
2275:
2271:
2266:. January 2024.
2258:
2257:
2253:
2241:
2240:
2236:
2192:
2191:
2187:
2175:
2171:
2165:
2161:
2156:
2152:
2145:
2130:
2129:
2125:
2118:
2103:
2102:
2098:
2090:
2051:
2046:
2045:
2041:
2033:
1994:
1989:
1988:
1984:
1974:
1972:
1965:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1936:
1934:
1927:
1912:
1911:
1907:
1900:
1885:
1884:
1880:
1869:
1854:
1853:
1849:
1842:
1827:
1826:
1822:
1812:
1810:
1808:
1791:
1790:
1786:
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1774:
1767:
1752:
1751:
1747:
1737:
1735:
1728:
1713:
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1708:
1698:
1696:
1689:
1674:
1673:
1669:
1659:
1657:
1650:
1635:
1634:
1630:
1578:
1577:
1573:
1535:Biology Letters
1527:
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1403:
1399:
1392:
1378:, eds. (2003).
1370:
1369:
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1137:
1132:
1092:
1068:
1062:
994:
982:
937:Hemipenes of a
931:
923:marsupial moles
840:blood sinusoids
836:erectile tissue
784:and the penis.
730:
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728:
727:
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720:
712:
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691:
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674:
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590:
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578:
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568:
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554:
549:
447:(turtles), and
410:
409:
408:
399:
394:
393:
392:
381:
380:
379:
365:
360:
359:
358:
347:
339:representations
325:The Latin word
258:
209:animals during
161:
157:
146:
75:
53:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4297:
4295:
4287:
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4284:Urinary system
4281:
4276:
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4266:
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4255:
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4244:
4243:External links
4241:
4239:
4238:
4226:978-0801882210
4225:
4210:
4169:
4141:(3421): 1–47.
4124:
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3811:
3796:
3784:(2): 357–390.
3769:
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3232:
3217:
3204:
3189:
3181:|journal=
3152:
3139:
3124:
3105:
3092:
3077:
3059:(2): 299–324.
3047:
3034:
3019:
3006:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2982:
2969:
2954:
2941:
2926:
2906:
2893:
2878:
2865:
2850:
2837:
2822:
2809:
2800:Equine Science
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2785:
2775:on 7 July 2014
2767:
2752:
2739:
2724:
2711:
2694:
2684:on 7 July 2014
2676:
2661:
2648:
2633:
2620:
2605:
2592:
2577:
2557:
2544:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2511:
2502:|journal=
2472:
2453:
2433:
2413:
2394:
2355:(9): 1006–10.
2333:
2314:
2289:(4): 611–635.
2269:
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2096:
2093:on 2017-06-20.
2039:
2005:(9): 349–356.
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1954:The Carnivores
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1376:Boitani, Luigi
1372:Mech, L. David
1363:
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1304:
1280:, ed. (1989).
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1064:Main article:
1061:
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927:
870:bulbus glandis
866:Canine penises
846:(trabeculae).
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806:border of the
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518:sexual arousal
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73:Asian elephant
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3805:. JHU Press.
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3226:. Macmillan.
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2567:on 2007-07-16
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1507:. JHU Press.
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1278:Simpson, John
1273:
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1263:9789350252208
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901:Domestic cats
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856:
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747:
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739:
736:of different
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705:
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688:
681:
671:
664:
656:
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626:Anseranatidae
623:
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546:
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495:fertilization
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483:genital tract
480:
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368:tiger's penis
364:
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270:Indo-European
267:
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255:
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227:
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219:invertebrates
216:
212:
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207:hermaphrodite
204:
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155:
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137:
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83:
78:
74:
68:
63:
58:
55:
51:
47:
40:
33:
19:
4230:. Retrieved
4215:
4181:
4177:
4136:
4130:
4111:
4107:
4091:. Retrieved
4076:
4055:
4042:. Retrieved
4027:
4014:. Retrieved
3999:
3986:. Retrieved
3971:
3958:. Retrieved
3943:
3930:. Retrieved
3914:
3900:. Retrieved
3885:
3872:. Retrieved
3857:
3844:. Retrieved
3829:
3816:. Retrieved
3801:
3781:
3777:
3761:. Retrieved
3755:
3743:. Retrieved
3728:
3715:. Retrieved
3700:
3687:. Retrieved
3672:
3659:. Retrieved
3644:
3631:. Retrieved
3616:
3595:
3582:. Retrieved
3567:
3554:. Retrieved
3539:
3526:. Retrieved
3520:
3508:. Retrieved
3493:
3480:. Retrieved
3469:. P. Parey.
3465:
3452:. Retrieved
3437:
3419:
3415:
3399:. Retrieved
3384:
3372:. Retrieved
3357:
3344:. Retrieved
3328:
3314:. Retrieved
3299:
3286:. Retrieved
3271:
3250:
3237:. Retrieved
3222:
3209:. Retrieved
3194:
3172:cite journal
3161:. Retrieved
3144:. Retrieved
3129:
3116:. Retrieved
3110:
3097:. Retrieved
3082:
3056:
3052:
3039:. Retrieved
3024:
3011:. Retrieved
2996:
2974:. Retrieved
2959:
2946:. Retrieved
2931:
2919:. Retrieved
2915:the original
2898:. Retrieved
2883:
2870:. Retrieved
2855:
2842:. Retrieved
2827:
2814:. Retrieved
2799:
2777:. Retrieved
2773:the original
2757:
2744:. Retrieved
2729:
2716:. Retrieved
2700:
2686:. Retrieved
2682:the original
2666:
2653:. Retrieved
2638:
2625:. Retrieved
2610:
2597:. Retrieved
2582:
2569:. Retrieved
2565:the original
2549:. Retrieved
2530:
2493:cite journal
2485:
2475:
2464:
2461:
2456:
2448:
2445:
2436:
2429:The Winnower
2428:
2405:
2402:
2397:
2352:
2346:
2336:
2325:
2322:
2317:
2286:
2282:
2272:
2263:
2254:
2244:
2237:
2202:
2198:
2188:
2172:
2162:
2153:
2133:
2126:
2106:
2099:
2088:the original
2059:
2055:
2042:
2002:
1998:
1985:
1973:. Retrieved
1953:
1946:
1935:. Retrieved
1915:
1908:
1888:
1881:
1857:
1850:
1830:
1823:
1811:. Retrieved
1795:
1787:
1775:. Retrieved
1755:
1748:
1736:. Retrieved
1716:
1709:
1697:. Retrieved
1693:the original
1677:
1670:
1658:. Retrieved
1642:. Springer.
1638:
1631:
1588:
1584:
1574:
1539:
1533:
1523:
1503:
1496:
1484:. Retrieved
1464:
1434:
1427:
1407:
1400:
1380:
1366:
1346:
1339:
1328:. Retrieved
1314:
1290:
1283:
1272:
1252:
1245:
1200:
1196:
1186:
1174:. Retrieved
1154:
1147:
1079:
1075:
1069:
1051:
1045:
1039:
1034:
1024:
1020:have a penis
1010:
1001:
983:
956:, which are
950:crocodilians
943:
909:
890:masculinized
886:pseudo-penis
864:
858:
833:
793:
786:
760:part of the
750:fibroelastic
749:
745:
731:
639:
622:magpie goose
591:
555:
538:
511:
472:
468:Anseriformes
464:Paleognathae
461:
426:
411:
338:
326:
324:
305:
296:
288:
284:
276:
272:
259:
238:hectocotylus
225:
223:
197:) is a male
194:
190:
153:
151:
128:
71:Penis of an
54:
3300:Elk Country
3041:18 February
2976:18 February
2872:18 February
2816:18 February
2779:18 February
2655:18 February
2599:18 February
2062:(1): 71–8.
1717:Ornithology
1118:Palpal bulb
1006:bean weevil
824:chimpanzees
722:Penis of a
702:Penis of a
685:Penis of a
668:Penis of a
653:Penis of a
606:paleognaths
547:Vertebrates
530:spermatozoa
522:ejaculation
234:Cephalopoda
215:vertebrates
118:Identifiers
39:Human penis
4279:Sex organs
4258:Categories
4131:Thomasomys
3374:2013-11-08
3163:2013-11-08
3114:. Rinehart
2921:2012-11-22
2790:Marsupials
2372:2115/56857
2134:Marsupials
1937:2013-11-08
1738:5 December
1699:5 December
1660:5 December
1330:2011-05-28
1135:References
1053:Afrotrogla
1012:Harvestmen
919:Monotremes
911:Marsupials
708:Great Dane
507:homologous
499:placentals
453:crocodiles
449:archosaurs
445:testudines
378:in urine.
376:pheromones
372:scent-mark
316:euphemisms
314:words and
301:Wiktionary
264:word for "
246:Vertebrata
211:copulation
205:female or
203:inseminate
4198:2246/5777
4184:: 1–149.
4156:2246/2850
2701:The Horse
2403:BioEssays
2381:0960-9822
2305:0035-418X
2056:Anat. Rec
1605:0962-8452
1219:1742-9994
1140:Citations
1103:Diphallia
1047:Neotrogla
1042:barkflies
1016:arachnids
966:hemipenes
939:gold tegu
774:testicond
600:) have a
433:squamates
418:tetrapods
308:excretory
291:of 1684,
256:Etymology
250:hemipenes
242:pedipalps
224:The term
199:sex organ
86:Precursor
4206:86057173
4165:62795333
4114:: 1–41.
4059:. CABI.
3732:. CABI.
3422:: 1–57.
3073:85825521
2431:3/9/2014
2389:24746797
2309:Archived
2229:15503998
2167:330-341.
2084:13070242
2031:Archived
2027:18227659
2019:17010637
1969:Archived
1931:Archived
1873:Archived
1834:. CABI.
1771:Archived
1732:Archived
1654:Archived
1623:20031991
1566:26510679
1480:Archived
1324:Archived
1282:"penis,
1237:17610714
1170:Archived
1128:Testicle
1108:Fascinus
1097:Clitoris
1090:See also
1072:heraldry
1060:Heraldry
1031:aedeagus
1025:In male
986:claspers
970:Tuataras
954:Squamata
929:Reptiles
770:perineum
618:Anatidae
610:tinamous
594:roosters
541:amniotes
514:erection
414:Devonian
95:amniotes
4232:20 July
4093:20 July
4044:22 July
4016:22 July
3988:19 July
3960:19 July
3932:23 July
3902:23 July
3874:20 July
3846:25 July
3818:22 July
3745:20 July
3717:20 July
3689:20 July
3661:23 July
3633:23 July
3584:22 July
3556:20 July
3510:22 July
3482:23 July
3454:25 July
3401:22 July
3346:23 July
3239:20 July
3146:19 July
3118:23 July
3013:22 July
2948:25 July
2718:23 July
2688:23 July
2551:23 July
2446:Antenna
2220:1810052
2076:6030760
1975:23 July
1813:23 July
1777:23 July
1614:2871948
1557:4650183
1486:23 July
1228:1934903
1176:20 July
1076:pizzled
1044:called
1027:insects
962:lizards
946:turtles
855:raccoon
828:bonobos
798:Roots (
789:baculum
778:scrotum
762:urethra
742:prepuce
738:species
734:mammals
724:giraffe
636:Mammals
614:ratites
598:turkeys
526:gametes
485:(i.e.,
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429:mammals
329:phallus
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