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which mostly consisted of jars and objects made of clay. These objects were left by those visiting the tombs, who would bring food and wine for their consumption during the visit. However, they did not wish to carry these containers home from this place of death, so they would break them. At the time
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influences. Due to the time period, many of the features of the catacombs of Kom El
Shoqafa merge Roman, Greek and Egyptian cultural points; some statues are Egyptian in style, yet bear Roman clothes and hair style whilst other features share a similar style. A circular staircase, which was often
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There are three huge stone sarcophagi with non-removable covers along the sides of the chamber. It's assumed that bodies were inserted in them from behind, using a passageway which runs around the outside of the funeral chamber. There is a hallway with 91 inch deep walls in the central tomb
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The catacombs lie beneath the western necropolis of
Alexandria and consist of three levels cut through solid rock, the third level was completely underwater until recent restorations. The catacombs have a six-pillared central shaft which opens off the vestibule. On the left is a
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have been found, along with other human and animal remains which were added later. It is believed that the catacombs were only intended for a single family, but it is unclear why the site was expanded in order to house numerous other individuals.
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chamber, with carved recesses, each providing burial space for three mummies. The sarcophagi are decorated with garlands and heads of Greek mythology gods. Each sarcophagus has associated a relief panel. The central panel shows the jackal-headed
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emperors (2nd century CE). The facility was then used as a burial chamber from the 2nd century to the 4th century, before being rediscovered in 1900 when a donkey accidentally fell into the access shaft. To date, three
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Another feature of the catacombs is the Hall of
Caracalla, which contains the bones of horses which were the tombs created for the horses of the
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used to transport deceased bodies down the middle of it, leads down into the tombs that were tunneled into the bedrock during the age of the
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wall, which was made at an unknown date. This leads to the Hall of
Caracalla in which the bones of horses and humans were found.
411:"Environmental's Design Role in the Reviving and Preserving of Architectural Heritage Case Study (Catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa)"
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323:, with the head carved in the lifelike manner of the classic Hellenes. The woman's figure is also rigidly posed but bears the
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The catacombs were named Kom El
Shoqafa, meaning Mound of Shards, because the area used to contain a mound of shards of
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Visual Style and
Constructing Identity in the Hellenistic World: Nemrud Dağ and Commagene under Antiochos I
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in the form of a snake is flanking both sides of the entrance to the inner tomb. Each snake wears a Roman
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494:"The catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa, the Mound of Shards, Part III: The Hall of Caracalla (Nebengrab)"
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At the front of the tomb chamber there is a temple-like façade consisting of two columns topped by
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consists of a series of
Alexandrian tombs, statues and archaeological objects of the Pharaonic
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wearing Roman soldier garb, who mummifies a body lying on a lion bed. Below the bed are three
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Coexistence of different styles for different subjects: Egyptian funerary scene with
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A Dictionary of Names, Nicknames and
Surnames, of Persons, Places and Things
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in Greek style (bottom). Persephone tomb in Kom el-Shoqafa, 2nd century CE.
161:'Mound of Shards') is a historical archaeological site located in
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A Phenomenological
Approach to the Kom el-Shuqafa Catacombs
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Visitors can reach the first level through a breach in the
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of the discovery, heaps of these broken plates were found.
515:"The catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa in Alexandria, Egypt"
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with a relief of a central winged sun-disk flanked by
542:"Catacombs of Kom ash-Shuqqafa in Alexandria, Egypt"
469:"Catacombs of Kom ash-Shuqqafa in Alexandria, Egypt"
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389:Decorated sarcophagus and panel with Apus-bull
566:"Catacombs of Kom el Shoqafa Travel and Tour"
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593:. Cambridge University Press. p. 203.
375:Central panel with Anubis mummifying a body
267:, in Egyptian style (top), and myth of the
287:leaves of ancient Egypt and supporting an
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415:Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences
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587:Versluys, Miguel John (29 June 2017).
361:Entrance of the principal tomb chamber
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431:– via Elsevier Science Direct.
311:and is topped by a shield showing a
636:2nd-century establishments in Egypt
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656:Tourist attractions in Alexandria
409:Ali, May A.Malek (14 July 2016).
517:. Vantage Travel. Archived from
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171:Seven Wonders of the Middle Ages
651:1900 archaeological discoveries
568:. Travel and Tour. October 2011
492:Zahraa Adel Awed (2006-05-18).
169:, and is considered one of the
347:Gallery principal tomb chamber
339:. The lateral panels show the
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641:Archaeological sites in Egypt
428:10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.06.015
16:Archaeological site in Egypt
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132:catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa
20:Catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa
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321:Ancient Egyptian sculpture
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619:Retrieved 24 March 2020.
307:as well as the Egyptian
26:Lofus Kiramaikos (Greek)
442:Latham, Edward (1904).
269:Abduction of Persephone
151:Maqābir Kūm al-Shuqāfah
65:31.178558°N 29.892954°E
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255:Principal tomb chamber
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70:31.178558; 29.892954
121:Beginning date
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521:on January 1, 2015
343:receiving a gift.
295:falcons. A carved
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600:978-1-108-21088-1
208:emperor Caracalla
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140:مقابر كوم الشقافة
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519:the original
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498:. Retrieved
496:. Tour Egypt
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476:. Retrieved
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337:canopic jars
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303:and a Greek
297:Agathodaemon
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235:Painted tomb
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666:Necropoleis
421:: 132–144.
220:terra cotta
210:in 215 CE.
186:Hellenistic
124:2nd century
68: /
630:Categories
551:2017-09-17
500:2008-01-22
478:2017-09-17
396:References
289:architrave
242:triclinium
200:sarcophagi
188:and early
184:cult with
178:necropolis
163:Alexandria
107:necropolis
85:Alexandria
56:29°53′35″E
53:31°10′43″N
646:Catacombs
341:Apis-bull
214:Catacombs
145:romanized
572:July 19,
525:July 19,
454:01038938
317:hieratic
301:Caduceus
285:acanthus
195:Antonine
182:funerary
116:100 feet
81:Location
309:Pschent
305:Thyrsus
277:papyrus
249:rotunda
159:
147::
597:
452:
333:Anubis
313:Medusa
283:, and
265:Anubis
227:Layout
136:Arabic
113:Height
293:Horus
281:lotus
167:Egypt
89:Egypt
595:ISBN
574:2012
527:2012
450:OCLC
176:The
157:lit.
130:The
99:Tomb
95:Type
423:doi
419:225
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134:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
