186:
650:. Pigtail catheter is a non-selective catheter with multiple side holes that can deliver large volumes of contrast into a blood vessel for imaging purposes. Cobra catheter is a selective catheter used to catheterise downgoing vessels in the abdomen. Cobra catheters move forward by pushing and are removed by pulling. Sidewinder catheter is a selective catheter is used to navigate the aorta. Headhunter, Newton, Simmons, Bentson, and Berenstein catheters are used to navigate the into one of the three branches of the
558:. These materials are often used in combination with each other and are frequently layered on top of stainless steel braiding, laser-cut stainless steel tubing, or other scaffold-like structures to impart desirable handling characteristics to the catheter, all dependent on the intended application. For example, the materials and the architectures used to manufacture vascular catheters for neurological applications might differ significantly from catheters destined for cardiovascular use.
585:
42:
194:
399:
541:. Silicone is one of the most common implantable choice because it is inert and unreactive to body fluids and a range of medical fluids with which it might come into contact. On the other hand, the polymer is weak mechanically, and a number of serious fractures have occurred in catheters. For example, silicone is used in
658:. Whereas endothelial cell sampling through endovascular sampling with coils, stents, stent retrievers, or guidewires suffer from poor selectivity and a low or highly variable cell yield, a micro-3D-printed device adapted for endovascular techniques can harvest endothelial cells for transcriptomic analysis.
699:
There is no difference in achieving adequacy of blood flow, period of catheter usage, infection, and thromboembolism risk whether the dialysis catheter has step-tip, split-tip, or symmetrical tip. Palidrome catheter is superior to
Permcath catheter in terms of maximum blood flow, dialysis adequacy,
468:
in 1959. Central venous catheterization allows for continuous administration of medications, fluids and blood products to a large vein, particularly in critically ill patients. Cardiac catheterization is the insertion of a catheter into one of the chambers of the heart, which is used for imaging,
123:
materials serving a broad range of functions. Catheters are medical devices that can be inserted in the body to treat diseases or perform a surgical procedure. Catheters are manufactured for specific applications, such as cardiovascular, urological, gastrointestinal, neurovascular and ophthalmic
143:
Catheters can be inserted into a body cavity, duct, or vessel, brain, skin or adipose tissue. Functionally, they allow drainage, administration of fluids or gases, access by surgical instruments, and also perform a wide variety of other tasks depending on the type of catheter. Special types of
1815:
Ali, Ronan; Lecturer in Adult
Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad; Greenbaum, Adam B; Director, Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, US; Kugelmass, Aaron D; Chief of Cardiology and Medical
712:
In interventional procedures, Teflon catheters (which are hydrophobic) have higher risk of thrombus formation when compared to polyurethene catheters. The longer the duration of the catheter left inside the body, the higher the risk of thrombus formation. Larger catheters increase the risk of
553:
Depending on the mechanical characteristics required, assorted polymers and polymer-metal composites can be used to build catheters used for interventional purposes. Common materials include polyamide (nylon), polyether block amide, polyuerathane, polyethylene terephthalate, and
433:
According to a footnote in his letter in Volume 4 of the Papers of
Benjamin Franklin (1959), Franklin credits Francesco Roncelli-Pardino from 1720 as the inventor of a flexible catheter. In fact, Franklin claims the flexible catheter may have been designed even earlier.
716:"Any foreign object in the body carries an infection risk, and a catheter can serve as a superhighway for bacteria to enter the bloodstream or body", according to Milisa Manojlovich, a professor at the University of Michigan School of Nursing.
475:
invented the modern disposable catheter in the 1940s. Prior to this, some reusable catheters consisted of braided cotton tubes, which were varnished, heat-treated and polished. As these were primarily produced in France, the advent of
685:, and cutting balloon angioplasty that contains 3 to 4 small blades on its surface (endotomes) that helps to control the distribution of balloon dilatation more uniformly and cut through resistant stenosis due to fibrous scar tissue.
135:
catheter) though catheters are available in varying levels of stiffness depending on the application. A catheter left inside the body, either temporarily or permanently, may be referred to as an "indwelling catheter" (for example, a
991:
Dragatin, Christian; Polus, Florine; Bodenlenz, Manfred; Calonder, Claudio; Aigner, Birgit; Tiffner, Katrin Irene; Mader, Julia
Katharina; Ratzer, Maria; Woessner, Ralph; Pieber, Thomas Rudolf; Cheng, Yi (November 23, 2015).
429:
invented the flexible catheter in 1752 when his brother John suffered from bladder stones. Franklin's catheter was made of metal with segments hinged together with a wire enclosed to provide rigidity during insertion.
680:
on the surface to prevent smooth muscle cells proliferation of the vessel walls, thus reducing the likehood of vessel blockage in the future, high pressure balloons that can open stubborn vessel stenoses in veins and
144:
catheters, also called probes, are used in preclinical or clinical research for sampling of lipophilic and hydrophilic compounds, protein-bound and unbound drugs, neurotransmitters, peptides and proteins, antibodies,
1108:"Corrigendum to "Time-resolved hypothalamic open flow micro-perfusion reveals normal leptin transport across the blood–brain barrier in leptin resistant mice" [Molecular Metabolism 13 (2018) 77–82]"
2040:
Sandell, Mikael; Chireh, Arvin; Spyrou, Argyris; Grankvist, Rikard; Al-Saadi, Jonathan; Jonsson, Stefan; van der
Wijngaart, Wouter; Stemme, Göran; Holmin, Staffan; Roxhed, Niclas (August 21, 2022).
1049:
Kolbinger, Frank; Loesche, Christian; Valentin, Marie-Anne; Jiang, Xiaoyu; Cheng, Yi; Jarvis, Philip; Peters, Thomas; Calonder, Claudio; Bruin, Gerard; Polus, Florine; Aigner, Birgit (March 2017).
576:
To enhance ease of insertion, some catheters have a lubricious surface coating to lessen friction. A lubricious coating creates a smooth, slippery film making the catheter easier to insert.
1749:
493:
Other reusable catheters consisted of red rubber tubes. Although sterilized prior to reuse, they still posed a high risk of infection and often led to the spread of disease.
1858:
1862:
1592:"Diagnosis, prevention and treatment of haemodialysis catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI): a position statement of European Renal Best Practice (ERBP)"
2349:
2791:
830:
Altendorfer-Kroath, Thomas; Schimek, Denise; Eberl, Anita; Rauter, Günther; Ratzer, Maria; Raml, Reingard; Sinner, Frank; Birngruber, Thomas (January 2019).
1527:
573:
elastomer outermost layer which provides extra support for the catheter and preserve the curvature of the catheter while passing through tortuous vessels.
1252:
1285:
1106:
Kleinert, Maximilian; Kotzbeck, Petra; Altendorfer-Kroath, Thomas; Birngruber, Thomas; Tschöp, Matthias H.; Clemmensen, Christoffer (December 2019).
441:
for the purpose of cardiac catheterization in 1844. The procedure involved entering a horse's ventricles via the jugular vein and carotid artery.
2273:
1969:
2171:
Li M, Zhang Z, Yu Y, Chen H, Li X, Ma J, Dong Z (March 2014). "Clinical application of long-term
Palindrome catheter in hemodialysis patients".
137:
2124:"A systematic review and meta-analysis of the comparison of performance among step-tip, split-tip, and symmetrical-tip hemodialysis catheters"
465:
1230:
936:
Ellmerer, Martin; Schaupp, Lukas; Brunner, Gernot A.; Sendlhofer, Gerald; Wutte, Andrea; Wach, Paul; Pieber, Thomas R. (February 1, 2000).
425:
The earliest invention of the flexible catheter was during the 18th century. Extending his inventiveness to his family's medical problems,
569:
braid wire outer layer which helps to provide support for the catheter and prevent kinking while travelling through blood vessels, and
2342:
1564:
1392:
814:
1943:
2784:
2106:
1919:
1574:
185:
107:
832:"Comparison of cerebral Open Flow Microperfusion and Microdialysis when sampling small lipophilic and small hydrophilic substances"
3112:
457:
676:
procedures such as plain balloon catheters that is useful in passing tight vessel stenosis, drug coated balloons that contains
233:
is used instead. The suprapubic catheter is inserted through the lower part of the abdomen directly into the urinary bladder.
1641:"Retention and strength of silicone-rubber catheters. A report of five cases of retention and analysis of catheter strength"
2335:
994:"Secukinumab distributes into dermal interstitial fluid of psoriasis patients as demonstrated by open flow microperfusion"
2970:
2829:
2777:
1735:
1816:
Director, Heart and
Vascular Program, Baystate Medical Center, 759 Chestnut Street, Springfield, Massachusetts, US. E:
2975:
1590:
Vanholder, R.; Canaud, B.; Fluck, R.; Jadoul, M.; Labriola, L.; Marti-Monros, A.; Tordoir, J.; Van Biesen, W. (2010).
611:. Puncture needle retracted. Obturator engaged. Used for example in steady advancement of the catheter on a guidewire.
784:"catheter noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage notes | Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary at"
3062:
268:
1266:
719:
Catheters can be difficult to clean, and therefore harbor antibiotic resistant or otherwise pathogenic bacteria.
293:
177:, meaning "to thrust into" or "to send down" because the catheter allowed fluid to be "sent down" from the body.
2248:
1640:
621:. Locking string is pulled (bottom center) and then wrapped and attached to the superficial end of the catheter.
3005:
2822:
643:
1545:
1244:
938:"Measurement of interstitial albumin in human skeletal muscle and adipose tissue by open-flow microperfusion"
3090:
3047:
1245:"Didusch Site - Milestones - Relief in a Tube: Catheters Remain a Steadfast Treatment for Urinary Disorders"
562:
538:
453:
449:
350:
272:
214:
1700:"Spontaneous Rupture of a Silicone Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Presenting Outflow Failure and Peritonitis"
3057:
2861:
2467:
2252:
1466:
763:
501:
346:
289:
783:
410:
Ancient
Chinese used onion stalks, the Romans, Hindus, and Greeks used tubes of wood or precious metals.
3015:
2927:
1852:
1743:
1321:
738:
682:
589:
461:
322:
230:
218:
1976:
3020:
2894:
2671:
361:
264:
2769:
891:"Direct access to interstitial fluid in adipose tissue in humans by use of open-flow microperfusion"
3025:
2715:
2610:
2539:
2436:
2358:
1821:"A Review of Available Angioplasty Guiding Catheters, Wires and Balloons – Making the Right Choice"
1051:"β-Defensin 2 is a responsive biomarker of IL-17A–driven skin pathology in patients with psoriasis"
885:
Schaupp, L.; Ellmerer, M.; Brunner, G. A.; Wutte, A.; Sendlhofer, G.; Trajanoski, Z.; Skrabal, F.;
639:
638:
is then injected through the catheter to visualise the vessels via various imaging methods such as
635:
545:
where fractures have been reported, often requiring surgery to remove the tip left in the bladder.
301:
3142:
3067:
2980:
2702:
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2079:
2063:
2002:
1880:
1448:
1313:
1088:
1031:
973:
867:
336:
285:
1947:
1226:
140:). A permanently inserted catheter may be referred to as a "permcath" (originally a trademark).
3105:
2960:
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2748:
2743:
2441:
2413:
2311:
2229:
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426:
297:
116:
1301:
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2421:
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2014:
1832:
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75:
1820:
584:
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2710:
2534:
2529:
2122:
Ling XC, Lu HP, Loh EW, Lin YK, Li YS, Lin CH, Ko YC, Wu MY, Lin YF, Tam KW (April 2019).
701:
566:
522:
340:
210:
807:
Catheters: Types, applications and potential complications (medical devices and equipment
2294:
Millward, Steven F. (September 2000). "Percutaneous
Nephrostomy: A Practical Approach".
700:
and annual patency rate. Similar to
Permcath, Palidrome catheter has high infection and
654:. Yashiro Catheter is a selective, hydrophilic catheter designed for optimal entry into
561:
Guiding catheters (catheters that guides angioplasty balloons and stents) is made up of
2801:
2615:
2579:
2388:
1789:
1764:
1616:
1591:
1380:
1189:
1164:
1140:
733:
542:
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308:
222:
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41:
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2720:
2477:
2431:
2426:
2083:
1698:
Agarwal, Shaleen; Gandhi, Mamatha; Kashyap, Randeep; Liebman, Scott (March 1, 2011).
1656:
937:
890:
886:
651:
365:
157:
120:
2157:
1452:
1317:
1092:
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977:
953:
906:
871:
831:
2904:
2899:
2884:
2851:
2622:
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2482:
2393:
2274:"Nobody wants to talk about catheters. Our silence could prove fatal | Mosaic"
847:
655:
530:
477:
414:
403:
382:
378:
249:
145:
1765:"Broken Piece of Silicone Suction Catheter in Upper Alimentary Tract of a Neonate"
1212:
1180:
1107:
713:
thrombus formation around the catheter, because they can block the flow of blood.
1123:
189:
In-line suction catheter used in ventilator circuit for delivering air into lungs
3100:
3052:
2955:
2950:
2856:
2844:
2817:
2648:
2584:
2569:
2457:
1817:
1165:"Urinary catheters: history, current status, adverse events and research agenda"
753:
743:
673:
647:
631:
328:
281:
277:
256:
237:
2018:
1492:
1067:
1050:
193:
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2834:
2366:
2140:
2123:
1836:
1163:
Feneley, Roger C. L.; Hopley, Ian B.; Wells, Peter N. T. (November 17, 2015).
677:
616:. Both obturator and puncture needle retracted, when the catheter is in place.
398:
260:
2225:
2075:
2067:
1844:
1780:
1723:
1664:
1607:
1436:
1131:
1076:
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961:
914:
855:
3010:
2839:
2643:
2551:
2489:
2216:
2199:
2001:
Golowa, Yosef S.; Kalva, Sanjeeva P.; D'Othee, Bertrand Janne (April 2009).
1412:
606:. Both puncture needle and obturator engaged, allowing for direct insertion.
555:
2315:
2184:
2149:
2058:
2041:
2026:
1798:
1731:
1715:
1625:
1504:
1444:
1366:
1309:
1198:
1149:
1084:
1027:
969:
863:
2233:
2200:"Arterial Thrombus Formation During Clinical Percutaneous Catheterization"
2003:"Use of a Yashiro Catheter to Facilitate Complex Visceral Catheterization"
1672:
922:
2687:
2589:
2546:
497:
370:
332:
65:
17:
480:
threatened the supply chain. Sheridan was dubbed the "Catheter King" by
2942:
2638:
2524:
2499:
2462:
2398:
2375:
2327:
1270:
728:
518:
374:
243:
226:
1428:
1010:
993:
201:
Placement of a catheter into a particular part of the body may allow:
54:
27:
Medical tubes inserted in the body to extract or administer substances
2876:
2809:
2504:
1676:
748:
634:
procedures. Diagnostic catheters direct wires through blood vessels.
357:
312:
236:
drainage of urine from the kidney by percutaneous (through the skin)
486:
magazine in 1988. He also invented the modern "disposable" plastic
2692:
2472:
1639:
McKenzie, J. M.; Flahiff, C. M.; Nelson, C. L. (October 1, 1993).
758:
570:
534:
526:
397:
206:
192:
184:
1763:
Mirza, Bilal; Saleem, Muhammad; Sheikh, Afzal (August 14, 2010).
1385:
Grossman's Cardiac Catheterization, Angiography, and Intervention
2494:
316:
2773:
2331:
2198:
Formanek, Gustave; Frech, Robert S.; Amplatz, Kurt (May 1970).
1563:
Engineers, NPCS Board of Consultants & (January 1, 2014).
592:
pigtail catheter with locking string, obturator (also called
169:
160:
942:
American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism
895:
American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism
437:
An early modern application of the catheter was employed by
87:
96:
90:
2249:"Catheters: Big source of infection, but often overlooked"
248:
pigtail catheter: used to drain air from around the lung (
124:
procedures. The process of inserting a catheter is called
1546:"David Sheridan, 95; Dropout Invented Key Medical Device"
84:
565:(PTFE) innermost layer which is lubricious, followed by
469:
diagnosis, and the placement of devices such as stents.
2099:
Chapman and Nakielny's Guide to Radiological Procedures
1411:
Smith, Reston N.; Nolan, Jerry P. (November 11, 2013).
1355:
Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh
1914:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 239.
1348:"Benjamin Franklin's place in the history of medicine"
1215:. U.S. National Library of Medicine. November 6, 2019.
521:
are used for the construction of catheters, including
108:
81:
1566:
Handbook on Medical and Surgical Disposable Products
99:
93:
3083:
2996:
2989:
2941:
2913:
2875:
2808:
2731:
2701:
2680:
2662:
2631:
2603:
2560:
2517:
2450:
2412:
2374:
2365:
2042:"Endovascular Device for Endothelial Cell Sampling"
500:, catheters that are not in use may be filled with
364:, and other breathing gases into the lungs using a
131:
In most uses, a catheter is a thin, flexible tube (
78:
34:
1748:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
1493:"Cardiac Catheterization Risks and Complications"
1491:Manda, Yugandhar R.; Baradhi, Krishna M. (2023),
242:drainage of fluid collections, e.g. an abdominal
2296:Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology
2007:Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology
1467:"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1956"
1267:"Benjamin Franklin: In Search of a Better World"
1499:, Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing,
1169:Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology
1903:
1901:
1874:
1872:
1269:. Minnesota Historical Society. Archived from
2785:
2343:
413:The ancient Egyptians created catheters from
339:, or around a major nerve bundle such as the
8:
1857:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1975:. Merit Medical. p. 21. Archived from
1908:Davies, AH; Brophy, CM (October 10, 2005).
1810:
1808:
1229:. Advantage Business Media. June 16, 2015.
549:Catheters used in interventional procedures
2993:
2792:
2778:
2770:
2371:
2350:
2336:
2328:
1942:Bakal, CW; Flacke, S (December 23, 2015).
1861:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1055:Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
40:
2215:
2139:
2057:
1788:
1615:
1188:
1139:
1066:
1009:
672:There are also balloon catheters used in
377:or other medications, with the use of an
1302:10.7326/0003-4819-143-11-200512060-00012
583:
148:and nanocarriers, enzymes and vesicles.
1881:"Catheter-Based Technology and Devices"
1522:
1520:
775:
452:, work which led to the development of
1850:
1741:
1255:from the original on January 17, 2015.
1233:from the original on October 24, 2017.
138:peripherally inserted central catheter
31:
2276:. Mosaicscience.com. November 7, 2018
1970:"Angiography peripheral intervention"
1944:"Diagnostic Catheters and Guidewires"
1569:. Niir Project Consultancy Services.
1406:
1404:
1387:. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
345:transfer of fertilized embryos, from
7:
630:There are various catheters used in
533:, polyethylene terephthalate (PET),
2800:Tests and procedures involving the
2173:Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases
1879:Themes, U. F. O. (June 20, 2016).
1284:Hirschmann, J.V. (December 2005).
197:Single-use urinary catheter, 40 cm
25:
1738:from the original on May 8, 2018.
1704:Peritoneal Dialysis International
294:cardiac electrophysiology testing
3113:Extracorporeal shockwave therapy
1825:Interventional Cardiology Review
1657:10.2106/00004623-199310000-00011
1286:"Benjamin Franklin and Medicine"
1213:"MedlinePlus: Urinary catheters"
786:. Oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com
74:
1946:. Radiology Key. Archived from
1718:(inactive September 12, 2024).
954:10.1152/ajpendo.2000.278.2.e352
907:10.1152/ajpendo.1999.276.2.e401
889:; Wach, P. (February 1, 1999).
836:Journal of Neuroscience Methods
490:now used routinely in surgery.
229:. When the urethra is damaged,
848:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2018.09.024
456:as a treatment, for which he,
450:central venous catheterization
1:
2308:10.1016/S1051-0443(07)61322-0
2247:Laura Bailey (July 1, 2019).
1181:10.3109/03091902.2015.1085600
2971:Artificial urinary sphincter
2830:Percutaneous nephrolithotomy
2046:Advanced NanoBiomed Research
1769:APSP Journal of Case Reports
1227:"MedTech Memoirs: Catheters"
1124:10.1016/j.molmet.2019.11.001
168:) comes from the Greek verb
2976:Urethral bulking injections
2128:Journal of Vascular Surgery
1290:Annals of Internal Medicine
3159:
3063:Voiding cystourethrography
2097:Watson N, Jones H (2018).
2019:10.1016/j.jvir.2009.01.014
1413:"Central venous catheters"
1249:www.urologichistory.museum
1068:10.1016/j.jaci.2016.06.038
692:
665:
362:volatile anesthetic agents
269:peripheral venous catheter
231:suprapubic catheterisation
170:
161:
2141:10.1016/j.jvs.2018.09.029
2101:. Elsevier. p. 231.
1837:10.15420/icr.2012.7.2.100
1579:– via Google Books.
580:Interventional procedures
51:
39:
3006:Urinary tract ultrasound
998:Experimental Dermatology
805:Diggery, Robert (2012).
644:projectional radiography
588:Various settings of a 6
539:thermoplastic elastomers
466:Nobel Prize for Medicine
3091:Urinary catheterization
3048:Radioisotope renography
2217:10.1161/01.CIR.41.5.833
563:polytetrafluoroethylene
351:artificial insemination
273:central venous catheter
215:urinary catheterization
3058:Retrograde urethrogram
2862:Kidney transplantation
2604:Retracting and viewing
2253:University of Michigan
2059:10.1002/anbr.202200023
1716:10.3747/pdi.2010.00123
1608:10.1093/ndtplus/sfq041
764:Catheter lock solution
622:
596:) and puncture needle.
502:catheter lock solution
407:
347:in vitro fertilization
321:direct measurement of
307:direct measurement of
219:intermittent catheters
198:
190:
2928:Suprapubic cystostomy
1679:on September 23, 2016
739:French catheter scale
683:arteriovenous fistula
587:
462:Dickinson W. Richards
454:cardiac catherization
401:
323:intracranial pressure
196:
188:
46:Catheter disassembled
2895:Ureterosigmoidostomy
2672:Yankauer suction tip
2632:Examination and prep
2359:Surgical instruments
1645:J Bone Joint Surg Am
1327:on December 17, 2019
1112:Molecular Metabolism
626:Diagnostic catheters
331:medication into the
265:parenteral nutrition
2437:Metzenbaum scissors
1950:on February 3, 2022
1528:"David S. Sheridan"
1346:Huth, E.J. (2007).
1273:on August 12, 2011.
640:computed tomography
636:Radiocontrast agent
402:Catheters from the
349:, or sperm, during
302:Seldinger technique
3068:Urodynamic testing
2981:Cystourethrography
2575:Aortic cross-clamp
689:Dialysis catheters
623:
594:stiffening cannula
408:
373:administration of
356:administration of
337:subarachnoid space
327:administration of
290:balloon sinuplasty
286:balloon septostomy
255:administration of
199:
191:
3130:
3129:
3126:
3125:
3106:Laser lithotripsy
2961:Urethral sounding
2890:Urinary diversion
2767:
2766:
2749:Periodontal probe
2744:Hypodermic needle
2513:
2512:
2442:Tenotomy scissors
2414:Surgical scissors
1982:on April 14, 2021
1651:(10): 1505–1507.
1550:Los Angeles Times
1429:10.1136/bmj.f6570
1061:(3): 923–932.e8.
1011:10.1111/exd.12863
695:Dialysis catheter
662:Balloon catheters
513:Urinary catheters
488:endotracheal tube
473:David S. Sheridan
458:André F. Cournand
427:Benjamin Franklin
394:Ancient inventors
353:, into the uterus
298:catheter ablation
225:inserted through
156:"Catheter" (from
62:
61:
16:(Redirected from
3150:
2994:
2794:
2787:
2780:
2771:
2754:Surgical stapler
2595:Pennington clamp
2422:Bandage scissors
2404:Von Graefe knife
2372:
2352:
2345:
2338:
2329:
2319:
2286:
2285:
2283:
2281:
2270:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2259:
2244:
2238:
2237:
2219:
2195:
2189:
2188:
2168:
2162:
2161:
2143:
2134:(4): 1282–1292.
2119:
2113:
2112:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2061:
2037:
2031:
2030:
1998:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1981:
1974:
1966:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1955:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1928:
1911:Vascular surgery
1905:
1896:
1895:
1893:
1891:
1876:
1867:
1866:
1856:
1848:
1812:
1803:
1802:
1792:
1760:
1754:
1753:
1747:
1739:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1675:. Archived from
1636:
1630:
1629:
1619:
1587:
1581:
1580:
1560:
1554:
1553:
1542:
1536:
1535:
1524:
1515:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1488:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1477:
1463:
1457:
1456:
1408:
1399:
1398:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1352:
1343:
1337:
1336:
1334:
1332:
1326:
1320:. Archived from
1281:
1275:
1274:
1263:
1257:
1256:
1241:
1235:
1234:
1223:
1217:
1216:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1192:
1160:
1154:
1153:
1143:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1070:
1046:
1040:
1039:
1013:
988:
982:
981:
948:(2): E352–E356.
933:
927:
926:
901:(2): E401–E408.
882:
876:
875:
827:
821:
820:
809:. Nova Science.
802:
796:
795:
793:
791:
780:
668:Balloon catheter
448:first performed
406:, 1st century AD
173:
172:
164:
163:
111:
106:
105:
102:
101:
98:
95:
92:
89:
86:
83:
80:
55:edit on Wikidata
44:
32:
21:
3158:
3157:
3153:
3152:
3151:
3149:
3148:
3147:
3133:
3132:
3131:
3122:
3096:Kidney dialysis
3079:
3043:Abdominal x-ray
2985:
2937:
2909:
2871:
2804:
2798:
2768:
2763:
2759:Surgical suture
2727:
2697:
2676:
2658:
2627:
2599:
2556:
2509:
2446:
2408:
2361:
2356:
2326:
2293:
2290:
2289:
2279:
2277:
2272:
2271:
2267:
2257:
2255:
2246:
2245:
2241:
2197:
2196:
2192:
2170:
2169:
2165:
2121:
2120:
2116:
2109:
2096:
2095:
2091:
2052:(10): 2200023.
2039:
2038:
2034:
2000:
1999:
1995:
1985:
1983:
1979:
1972:
1968:
1967:
1963:
1953:
1951:
1941:
1940:
1936:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1907:
1906:
1899:
1889:
1887:
1878:
1877:
1870:
1849:
1814:
1813:
1806:
1762:
1761:
1757:
1740:
1697:
1696:
1692:
1682:
1680:
1638:
1637:
1633:
1589:
1588:
1584:
1577:
1562:
1561:
1557:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1532:Washington Post
1526:
1525:
1518:
1509:
1507:
1490:
1489:
1485:
1475:
1473:
1465:
1464:
1460:
1410:
1409:
1402:
1395:
1379:
1378:
1374:
1350:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1330:
1328:
1324:
1283:
1282:
1278:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1243:
1242:
1238:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1211:
1210:
1206:
1162:
1161:
1157:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1048:
1047:
1043:
990:
989:
985:
935:
934:
930:
884:
883:
879:
829:
828:
824:
817:
804:
803:
799:
789:
787:
782:
781:
777:
772:
725:
710:
708:Adverse effects
702:thromboembolism
697:
691:
670:
664:
628:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
582:
567:stainless steel
551:
543:Foley catheters
523:silicone rubber
515:
510:
446:Werner Forssman
423:
396:
391:
341:brachial plexus
211:urinary bladder
183:
154:
126:catheterization
109:
77:
73:
58:
47:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3156:
3154:
3146:
3145:
3135:
3134:
3128:
3127:
3124:
3123:
3121:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3109:
3108:
3098:
3093:
3087:
3085:
3081:
3080:
3078:
3077:
3076:
3075:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3034:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3008:
3002:
3000:
2991:
2987:
2986:
2984:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2947:
2945:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2919:
2917:
2911:
2910:
2908:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2881:
2879:
2873:
2872:
2870:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2848:
2847:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2826:
2825:
2814:
2812:
2806:
2805:
2802:urinary system
2799:
2797:
2796:
2789:
2782:
2774:
2765:
2764:
2762:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2735:
2733:
2729:
2728:
2726:
2725:
2724:
2723:
2718:
2711:Surgical drain
2707:
2705:
2699:
2698:
2696:
2695:
2690:
2684:
2682:
2678:
2677:
2675:
2674:
2668:
2666:
2660:
2659:
2657:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2635:
2633:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2625:
2620:
2619:
2618:
2616:Senn retractor
2607:
2605:
2601:
2600:
2598:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2580:Foerster clamp
2577:
2572:
2566:
2564:
2558:
2557:
2555:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2543:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2521:
2519:
2515:
2514:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2486:
2485:
2480:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2454:
2452:
2448:
2447:
2445:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2418:
2416:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2380:
2378:
2369:
2363:
2362:
2357:
2355:
2354:
2347:
2340:
2332:
2325:
2324:External links
2322:
2321:
2320:
2302:(8): 955–964.
2288:
2287:
2265:
2239:
2210:(5): 833–839.
2190:
2163:
2114:
2107:
2089:
2032:
2013:(4): 557–559.
1993:
1961:
1934:
1920:
1897:
1868:
1804:
1755:
1710:(2): 204–206.
1690:
1631:
1602:(3): 234–246.
1582:
1575:
1555:
1552:. May 4, 2004.
1537:
1534:. May 7, 2004.
1516:
1483:
1471:NobelPrize.org
1458:
1400:
1394:978-0781755672
1393:
1372:
1338:
1276:
1258:
1236:
1218:
1204:
1175:(8): 459–470.
1155:
1098:
1041:
1004:(2): 157–159.
983:
928:
877:
822:
816:978-1621006305
815:
797:
774:
773:
771:
768:
767:
766:
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
734:Foley catheter
731:
724:
721:
709:
706:
693:Main article:
690:
687:
666:Main article:
663:
660:
627:
624:
581:
578:
550:
547:
514:
511:
509:
506:
464:would win the
439:Claude Bernard
422:
419:
395:
392:
390:
387:
386:
385:
368:
354:
343:
325:
319:
309:blood pressure
305:
275:
253:
246:
240:
234:
223:Foley catheter
182:
179:
153:
150:
60:
59:
52:
49:
48:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3155:
3144:
3141:
3140:
3138:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3107:
3104:
3103:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3088:
3086:
3082:
3074:
3071:
3070:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3013:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3003:
3001:
2999:
2995:
2992:
2988:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2966:Urethroplasty
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2948:
2946:
2944:
2940:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2920:
2918:
2916:
2912:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2882:
2880:
2878:
2874:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2846:
2843:
2842:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2824:
2821:
2820:
2819:
2816:
2815:
2813:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2795:
2790:
2788:
2783:
2781:
2776:
2775:
2772:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2734:
2730:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2716:Jackson-Pratt
2714:
2713:
2712:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2704:
2700:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2685:
2683:
2679:
2673:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2665:
2661:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2636:
2634:
2630:
2624:
2621:
2617:
2614:
2613:
2612:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2602:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2563:
2559:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2527:
2526:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2516:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2475:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2455:
2453:
2449:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2432:Mayo scissors
2430:
2428:
2427:Iris scissors
2425:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2417:
2415:
2411:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2381:
2379:
2377:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2353:
2348:
2346:
2341:
2339:
2334:
2333:
2330:
2323:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2297:
2292:
2291:
2275:
2269:
2266:
2254:
2250:
2243:
2240:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2194:
2191:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2167:
2164:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2118:
2115:
2110:
2108:9780702071669
2104:
2100:
2093:
2090:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2036:
2033:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
1997:
1994:
1978:
1971:
1965:
1962:
1949:
1945:
1938:
1935:
1923:
1921:9781852332884
1917:
1913:
1912:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1886:
1882:
1875:
1873:
1869:
1864:
1860:
1854:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1811:
1809:
1805:
1800:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1759:
1756:
1751:
1745:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1694:
1691:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1635:
1632:
1627:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1586:
1583:
1578:
1576:9789381039281
1572:
1568:
1567:
1559:
1556:
1551:
1547:
1541:
1538:
1533:
1529:
1523:
1521:
1517:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1487:
1484:
1472:
1468:
1462:
1459:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1407:
1405:
1401:
1396:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1376:
1373:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1349:
1342:
1339:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1296:(11): 830–4.
1295:
1291:
1287:
1280:
1277:
1272:
1268:
1262:
1259:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1240:
1237:
1232:
1228:
1222:
1219:
1214:
1208:
1205:
1200:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1159:
1156:
1151:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1102:
1099:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1045:
1042:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
987:
984:
979:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
932:
929:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
887:Pieber, T. R.
881:
878:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
826:
823:
818:
812:
808:
801:
798:
785:
779:
776:
769:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
726:
722:
720:
717:
714:
707:
705:
703:
696:
688:
686:
684:
679:
675:
669:
661:
659:
657:
653:
652:arch of aorta
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
625:
620:
615:
610:
605:
600:
595:
591:
586:
579:
577:
574:
572:
568:
564:
559:
557:
548:
546:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
512:
507:
505:
503:
499:
494:
491:
489:
485:
484:
479:
474:
470:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
442:
440:
435:
431:
428:
420:
418:
416:
411:
405:
400:
393:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
369:
367:
366:tracheal tube
363:
359:
355:
352:
348:
344:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
324:
320:
318:
314:
310:
306:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
276:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
251:
247:
245:
241:
239:
235:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
203:
202:
195:
187:
180:
178:
176:
167:
159:
151:
149:
147:
146:nanoparticles
141:
139:
134:
129:
127:
122:
121:medical grade
118:
114:
113:
104:
71:
67:
56:
50:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
2905:Ureteroscopy
2900:Ureterolysis
2885:Ureterostomy
2852:Renal biopsy
2823:percutaneous
2738:
2623:Rib spreader
2394:Liston knife
2299:
2295:
2280:November 13,
2278:. Retrieved
2268:
2258:February 16,
2256:. Retrieved
2242:
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2203:
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1996:
1984:. Retrieved
1977:the original
1964:
1952:. Retrieved
1948:the original
1937:
1925:. Retrieved
1910:
1888:. Retrieved
1885:Thoracic Key
1884:
1853:cite journal
1828:
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1381:Baim, Donald
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718:
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698:
671:
656:celiac trunk
629:
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575:
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531:polyurethane
516:
495:
492:
481:
478:World War II
471:
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436:
432:
424:
412:
409:
404:Roman Empire
383:insulin pump
379:infusion set
371:subcutaneous
300:. Often the
250:pneumothorax
200:
174:
165:
155:
142:
132:
130:
125:
115:) is a thin
69:
63:
29:
3101:Lithotripsy
3053:Cystography
3016:Intravenous
2956:Urethrotomy
2951:Urethropexy
2857:Nephrectomy
2845:Nephroscopy
2818:Nephrostomy
2681:Measurement
2649:Head mirror
2585:Gomco clamp
2570:Allis clamp
2540:Obstetrical
2458:Bone cutter
2204:Circulation
1986:February 4,
1954:February 3,
1927:February 3,
842:: 394–401.
754:Jejunostomy
744:Gastrostomy
674:angioplasty
648:fluoroscopy
632:angiography
601:. Overview.
517:A range of
496:To prevent
335:space, the
329:anaesthetic
282:angiography
278:angioplasty
257:intravenous
238:nephrostomy
3118:Urinalysis
3073:Cystometry
3038:CT urogram
3021:Retrograde
2933:Cystoscopy
2923:Cystectomy
2867:Nephropexy
2835:Nephrotomy
2367:Dissecting
1890:August 15,
1831:(2): 100.
1497:StatPearls
1331:January 2,
770:References
678:paclitaxel
556:polyimides
261:medication
119:made from
3143:Catheters
3026:Antegrade
3011:Pyelogram
2840:Endoscopy
2644:Endoscope
2611:Retractor
2552:Tenaculum
2490:Osteotome
2468:Dermatome
2226:0009-7322
2084:251730092
2076:2699-9307
2068:2699-9307
1845:1756-1477
1781:2218-8185
1724:0896-8608
1665:0021-9355
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1132:2212-8778
1077:0091-6749
1020:0906-6705
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915:0193-1849
856:0165-0270
508:Materials
444:In 1929,
209:from the
205:Draining
175:kathíemai
152:Etymology
18:Catheters
3137:Category
2739:Catheter
2703:Drainage
2688:Calipers
2654:Speculum
2590:Hemostat
2562:Clamping
2547:Hemostat
2518:Grasping
2389:RF knife
2316:10997456
2185:24685735
2158:85497739
2150:30905366
2027:19243973
1819:(2012).
1799:22953251
1775:(1): 8.
1736:Archived
1732:21427251
1626:30792802
1596:NDT Plus
1510:July 16,
1505:30285356
1476:July 16,
1453:16939469
1445:24217269
1383:(2005).
1367:18447203
1318:32882591
1310:16330795
1253:Archived
1231:Archived
1199:26383168
1150:31767178
1093:30272491
1085:27502297
1036:34556907
1028:26439798
978:11616153
970:10662720
872:52883354
864:30266621
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519:polymers
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333:epidural
304:is used.
259:fluids,
217:, using
171:καθίεμαι
166:kathetḗr
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2998:Imaging
2990:General
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2664:Suction
2639:Dilator
2535:Debakey
2530:Bulldog
2525:Forceps
2500:Rongeur
2478:Cranial
2463:Curette
2376:Scalpel
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1790:3417984
1683:May 12,
1673:8408139
1617:6371390
1190:4673556
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389:History
375:insulin
267:with a
244:abscess
227:urethra
162:καθετήρ
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313:artery
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1980:(PDF)
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