4070:
893:
142:
2602:
3720:
262:. These monuments, which first appeared in the ninth century, usually (though not always) take the form of a ringed cross on a stepped or pyramidal base. The form has obvious structural advantages, reducing the length of unsupported side arms. There are a number of theories as to its origin in Ireland and Britain. Some scholars consider the ring a holdover from earlier wooden crosses, which may have required struts to support the crossarm. Others have seen it as deriving from indigenous Bronze Age art featuring a wheel or disc around a head, or from early
869:
197:
2964:
2842:
3710:
3202:
2770:
181:
220:
3652:
2912:
3234:
3037:
593:
3772:
3402:
3322:
3312:
3292:
3132:
3057:
2954:
698:
881:
3982:
3644:
3392:
3272:
2720:
110:
3442:
3254:
3007:
4202:
2632:
668:
3634:
3584:
908:
3500:
4090:
3802:
3782:
3700:
3214:
2642:
638:
4238:
653:
2977:
608:
623:
4142:
3047:
2987:
2882:
4182:
4050:
3740:
3382:
3302:
3112:
2832:
2802:
2790:
2750:
2622:
3690:
3526:
3432:
3282:
2934:
2892:
2740:
2710:
2692:
4192:
4172:
3822:
3792:
3244:
3224:
3122:
2924:
2874:
2780:
2612:
3594:
3554:
3264:
3182:
3172:
3067:
2997:
2902:
2662:
161:
4162:
4002:
3992:
3762:
3614:
3192:
4152:
4122:
3730:
3482:
3472:
3462:
126:
1944:
3972:
3750:
3372:
3352:
3332:
4132:
3962:
3536:
3452:
2540:
1819:
3546:
3162:
3142:
2944:
232:
4110:
4040:
3670:
3516:
3412:
3077:
4226:
4030:
3564:
2854:
578:
3574:
3362:
3342:
3017:
2864:
2730:
3812:
3680:
3087:
2682:
722:
3660:
3604:
3422:
3152:
3102:
3027:
2812:
40:
2822:
2760:
2672:
1789:
4100:
3624:
4060:
2702:
2652:
4080:
861:
White supremacist use of the long and short Celtic cross represents only a small minority of the symbol's use. The symbol in both forms is used by non-extremists in contexts such as
Christianity, neo-Paganism, and Irish patriotism. The vast majority of uses of the Celtic cross are not associated with
559:
New versions of the high cross were designed for fashionable cemetery monuments in
Victorian Dublin in the 1860s. From Dublin, the revival spread to the rest of the country and beyond. Since the Celtic Revival, the ringed cross became an emblem of Celtic identity, in addition to its more traditional
377:
to give pagan followers an idea of the importance of the cross. By linking it with the idea of the life-giving properties of the sun, these two ideas were linked to appeal to pagans. Other interpretations claim that placing the cross on top of the circle represents Christ's supremacy over the pagan
303:, an Irish monastery off the Scottish coast. The Ahenny group is generally earlier. However, it is possible that St. Johns Cross at Iona was the first high cross; Iona's influence as a center of pilgrimage may have led this cross to inspire the Ahenny group as well as other ringed crosses in
314:, an early medieval Irish alphabet. Standing crosses in Ireland and areas under Irish influence tend to be shorter and more massive than their Anglo-Saxon equivalents, which have mostly lost their headpieces. Irish examples with a head in cross form include the Cross of
681:
Since its revival in the 1850s, the Celtic cross has been used extensively as grave markers, straying from medieval usage, when the symbol was typically used for a public monument. The Celtic cross now appears in various retail items. Both the
628:
613:
4069:
745:, and other white supremacist groups. In general, white supremacists use a version of the symbol with a square cross as opposed to the traditional elongated cross. This symbol forms part of the logo of
547:
of the mid-19th century led to an increased use and creation of Celtic crosses in
Ireland. In 1853, casts of several historical high crosses were exhibited at the Dublin Industrial Exhibition. In 1857,
86:
with a nimbus surrounding the intersection of the arms and stem. Scholars have debated its exact origins, but it is related to earlier crosses featuring rings. The form gained new popularity during the
892:
180:
830:. The field was dominated by Catholic scout movements, the leaders of which were put in charge of Secretariat-General of Youth. In 1941, the symbol of Doncœur, now named
141:
196:
4205:
1852:
710:
2577:
868:
781:
687:
839:
1724:
1609:
1552:
1503:
1428:
1365:
1338:
1306:
95:
and other motifs from
Insular art, became popular for funerary monuments and other uses, and has remained so, spreading well beyond Ireland.
1237:
772:
571:
in
Scotland from 1899 to 1940 and popularised use of the Celtic cross in jewelry. Using the Celtic cross in fashion is still popular today.
4283:
4210:
2484:
637:
592:
373:, though there are no examples from this early period. It has often been claimed that Patrick combined the symbol of Christianity with the
295:
It is not clear where the first high crosses originated. The first examples date to about the ninth century and occur in two groups: at
109:
2499:
1912:
1805:
776:
1845:
1764:
1742:
1669:
1582:
405:
250:
similar to older
Continental forms appeared in Ireland, England and Scotland in incised stone slab artwork and artifacts like the
203:
2570:
880:
752:
It is suggested that adoption of the symbol in the context of right-wing politics is linked with the activity of Jesuit priest
160:
2316:
564:
652:
549:
667:
125:
2509:
2418:
354:
and
Scotland, and further south in England, where they merge with the similar Anglo-Saxon cross making tradition, in the
4288:
3719:
3637:
3425:
2494:
1838:
907:
847:
489:
56:
1659:
622:
607:
556:. These two events stimulated interest in the Celtic cross as a symbol for a renewed sense of heritage within Ireland.
4273:
2337:
815:, should consist of a circle, representing the material world, supported by a square Christian cross intersecting it.
683:
659:
219:
91:
of the 19th century; the name "Celtic cross" is a convention dating from that time. The shape, usually decorated with
1205:
771:
in general elections caused the mobilisation of right-wing forces, with Doncœur playing a major role in formation of
697:
577:
3385:
3205:
3060:
2601:
2563:
644:
1644:
Cadet et cadettes de la Légion: mouvement de jeunesse d'action civique et sociale / Jeunesse légionnaire d'Algérie
1907:
1793:
1063:
411:
2841:
2021:
3285:
2895:
2586:
2519:
1542:
974:
270:. However, Michael W. Herren, Shirley Ann Brown, and others believe it originates in earlier ringed crosses in
72:
3709:
3489:
4303:
3775:
3753:
3355:
2769:
2635:
2242:
2156:
2095:
2067:
827:
787:
2963:
4293:
4263:
4114:
4043:
3765:
3445:
3295:
2280:
2166:
956:
807:
526:
4278:
4155:
3785:
3651:
3165:
2911:
2845:
2513:
2433:
2385:
798:
399:
3415:
3201:
3036:
1927:
3321:
826:
relied on pre-existing organisations to implement its youth policy according to the principles of the
4268:
3587:
3475:
3465:
3395:
3365:
3010:
2645:
2330:
2036:
1267:
899:
792:
746:
370:
4201:
3981:
3643:
4298:
4230:
3854:
3733:
3455:
3441:
3375:
3335:
3325:
3253:
2743:
2504:
2390:
2302:
2110:
1861:
1626:
315:
187:
3233:
753:
338:, which may be the earliest to survive in good condition. Surviving, free-standing crosses are in
3916:
3849:
3607:
3405:
2625:
2438:
2365:
2161:
1971:
1148:
1140:
980:
913:
768:
730:
3771:
3633:
3401:
3311:
3291:
3131:
3056:
2953:
1572:
1445:
4237:
4089:
3781:
3391:
2719:
4135:
4125:
4073:
3703:
3693:
3567:
3557:
3217:
3145:
3040:
3006:
2753:
2723:
2453:
2400:
2253:
2221:
2201:
2062:
2057:
2031:
1991:
1953:
1897:
1760:
1738:
1720:
1665:
1605:
1578:
1548:
1499:
1424:
1361:
1334:
1302:
1185:
319:
147:
60:
3805:
3271:
3080:
2763:
2631:
2605:
2524:
2375:
2352:
2265:
2196:
2120:
2105:
1981:
1932:
1870:
1748:
1457:
1394:
1132:
842:, a veteran organisation which the government hoped could be transformed to function as the
819:
802:
283:
275:
236:
4181:
3583:
3381:
2621:
3911:
3801:
3723:
3699:
3627:
3213:
3095:
3050:
2990:
2957:
2891:
2885:
2733:
2713:
2709:
2641:
2544:
2428:
2408:
2206:
2186:
2077:
2052:
1996:
1884:
1824:
1209:
843:
706:
691:
484:
335:
288:
92:
52:
3195:
2001:
254:. However, the shape achieved its greatest popularity by its use in the monumental stone
4191:
3791:
2976:
4141:
3921:
3901:
3896:
3886:
3844:
3839:
3795:
3713:
3553:
3519:
3305:
3263:
3257:
3181:
3115:
3046:
3020:
2986:
2881:
2867:
2835:
2773:
2655:
2615:
2489:
2270:
2236:
2176:
2006:
1917:
1770:
835:
544:
355:
279:
251:
247:
88:
4161:
4049:
3991:
3761:
3739:
3613:
3301:
3111:
2831:
2801:
2789:
2749:
1717:
Christ in Celtic
Christianity: Britain and Ireland from the Fifth to the Tenth Century
1685:
1179:
758:
4257:
3938:
3891:
3815:
3743:
3683:
3435:
3237:
3185:
3155:
3090:
2980:
2937:
2825:
2695:
2685:
2360:
2309:
2285:
2216:
2191:
2090:
1753:
Early
Christian symbolism in Great Britain and Ireland before the thirteenth century.
1152:
1025:
1013:
436:
366:
323:
304:
271:
171:
4151:
4121:
3729:
3689:
3525:
3471:
3461:
3431:
3281:
2933:
2739:
2691:
4171:
3995:
3933:
3906:
3881:
3876:
3859:
3821:
3749:
3673:
3597:
3371:
3351:
3331:
3275:
3247:
3243:
3223:
3135:
3125:
3121:
3105:
2927:
2923:
2915:
2905:
2873:
2815:
2779:
2611:
2323:
2231:
2226:
2181:
2171:
2140:
2135:
1902:
1628:
National regeneration in Vichy France: the appeals to renewal and sirens of decline
1420:
Les Scouts de France: l'évolution du mouvement des origines aux années quatre-vingt
1051:
1031:
992:
986:
962:
855:
851:
823:
674:
584:
442:
362:. By about A.D. 1200 the initial wave of cross building came to an end in Ireland.
327:
263:
240:
132:
64:
4131:
4109:
3593:
3535:
3451:
3171:
3066:
2996:
2901:
2661:
1642:
554:
Illustrations of the Most
Interesting of the Sculptured Crosses of Ancient Ireland
231:
1599:
1493:
1476:
1418:
1355:
1328:
1296:
1221:
4242:
4001:
3975:
3948:
3864:
3545:
3345:
3227:
3191:
3175:
3161:
3141:
3070:
3000:
2805:
2675:
2665:
2443:
2413:
2130:
2026:
1976:
1922:
1057:
1046:
417:
359:
351:
347:
259:
83:
79:
4039:
3669:
3515:
3481:
3411:
3076:
4195:
4103:
4093:
4005:
3971:
3871:
3563:
3529:
3030:
2967:
2853:
2380:
2115:
2085:
2016:
1814:
1382:
1202:
1189:
1004: – Free-standing Christian cross made of stone and often richly decorated
1001:
931:
501:
475:
255:
224:
167:
68:
1022: – Tall wooden pole erected as a part of various European folk festivals
4225:
4175:
3961:
3663:
3573:
3485:
3421:
3361:
3341:
3016:
2863:
2729:
2370:
2211:
2100:
2011:
1966:
1801:
1383:"Les jésuites et la jeunesse catholique en France dans l'entre-deux-guerres"
1123:
Werner, Martin (1990). "On the Origin of the Form of the Irish High Cross".
1068:
738:
599:
423:
374:
31:
17:
3811:
3679:
3086:
2943:
2821:
2681:
1461:
690:
have used versions of the Celtic cross in their logos and advertising. The
358:
for example. Most examples in Britain were destroyed during the Protestant
3659:
3603:
3151:
3101:
3026:
2811:
1788:
1647:(in French). Légion française des combattants Union provinciale (Algérie).
846:
of the state. Then it was used as insignia of Equipes nationales, a youth
721:
365:
Popular legend in Ireland says that the Christian cross was introduced by
4185:
4165:
4145:
4063:
3617:
3539:
2857:
2468:
2448:
2423:
1961:
1943:
1074:
1007:
968:
764:
742:
343:
339:
116:
4029:
2759:
2671:
1399:
737:
in Norway in the 1930s and 1940s, and more recently it has been used by
39:
4099:
4083:
4053:
3985:
3965:
3952:
3623:
3315:
1986:
1019:
927:
1830:
1144:
3577:
2947:
2458:
1527:. Lectures poétiques et mystiques de l'øeuvre de Péguy (84): 211–228.
494:
393:
387:
296:
151:
4059:
2701:
2651:
1601:
Youth Mobilization in Vichy Indochina and Its Legacies, 1940 to 1970
977: – Variations on the religious symbol through Christian history
801:, he founded its local equivalent, Cadets. Doncœur, inspired by the
4079:
1520:
1136:
2463:
2275:
2125:
734:
720:
696:
457:
430:
311:
230:
218:
38:
71:
erected across the islands, especially in regions evangelised by
59:
or ring that emerged in Ireland, France and Great Britain in the
4033:
3928:
1037:
568:
331:
300:
267:
2559:
1834:
854:
appropriated the symbol as an emblem of the far-right movement
694:
since 1954 have used a flag with a Celtic cross in the centre.
4012:
4009:
983: – Stone cross set up where a murder or accident happened
1387:
Histoire@Politique: Revue du Centre d'histoire de Sciences Po
701:
Snow-covered Celtic cross in a Presbyterian memorial garden
2555:
1060: – Type of Christian monument found in Central Europe
1028: – Ornate slab of stone from ancient Northern Europe
350:, and Wales. Other stone crosses are found in the former
1495:
Paul Doncœur, s.j. (1880-1961): un croisé dans le siècle
834:, was adopted as an emblem for Cadets of the LĂ©gion in
965: – Type of Christian stone cross found in Germany
467:
Notable high crosses with the Celtic shape in Scotland
382:
Notable high crosses with the Celtic shape in Ireland:
729:
A version of the Celtic cross is used as a symbol by
1521:"Péguy, un maître du Père Doncoeur et de ses Cadets"
1010: – Sacred, pillar-like object in Saxon paganism
997:
Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
282:. The "cosmological cross" is an important motif in
67:, it became widespread through its use in the stone
4021:
3947:
3832:
3507:
2593:
2477:
2399:
2351:
2294:
2252:
2149:
2076:
2045:
1952:
1883:
1077: – Ancient Eurasian icon and later Nazi symbol
563:Modern interest in the symbol increased because of
1042:Pages displaying short descriptions with no spaces
1357:Religious Differences in France: Past and Present
767:in France. In 1924, the victory of anti-clerical
4206:Descriptions in antiquity of the execution cross
1224:, Alexander Ritchie website, accessed 20 Nov 208
1212:, Celtic Arts website, accessed 22 November 2008
1715:Herren, Michael W.; Brown, Shirley Ann (2002).
1298:Knight-Monks of Vichy France: Uriage, 1940-1945
1238:"A Look at Racist Skinhead Symbols and Tattoos"
989: – Cross associated with Coptic Christians
874:A Celtic Cross Flag used by White Supremacists
2571:
1846:
1071: – Circle containing four or more spokes
75:, from the ninth through the 12th centuries.
8:
1118:
1116:
850:institution founded in 1942. After the war,
1165:
1107:
1095:
811:, decided that the symbol of the movement,
292:, known in Ireland by the seventh century.
2578:
2564:
2556:
2258:
1853:
1839:
1831:
705:A Celtic cross is often used to represent
310:A variety of crosses bear inscriptions in
1398:
930:, the Celtic cross is represented by the
186:Modern Celtic cross of a war monument in
1203:Stephen Walker, "Celtic Revival Crosses"
1034: – Cross enclosed in a ring or halo
959: – Ancient Armenian national symbol
27:Christian cross superimposed on a circle
1446:"Le pèlerinage du Puy, 12-15 août 1942"
1088:
898:White Pride World Wide symbol, logo of
864:
688:Northern Ireland national football team
573:
451:Clonmacnoise South Cross, County Offaly
448:Clonmacnoise North Cross, County Offaly
274:. Crosses with a ring representing the
258:, a distinctive and widespread form of
105:
1735:An introduction to Irish high crosses.
1450:Revue d'histoire de l'Église de France
1354:Long, Kathleen Perry (25 March 2006).
1232:
1230:
445:Cross of the Scriptures, County Offaly
1755:Whiting, London 1887. Neuauflage als
1566:
1564:
1536:
1534:
1412:
1410:
1322:
1320:
1318:
1290:
1288:
1262:
1260:
1258:
797:, a Catholic organisation within the
763:, a prominent figure of the interwar
223:Early forms: cross slab, St. Madoes,
7:
4211:List of tallest crosses in the world
2485:Federation of Old Cornwall Societies
82:, the Celtic cross is essentially a
1498:(in French). Les Editions du Cerf.
1054: – Symbol representing the Sun
278:developed from the writings of the
2500:Royal Cornwall Polytechnic Society
1661:L' Algérie sous le régime de Vichy
1544:Histoire de la jeunesse sous Vichy
971: – Georgian symbol of the Sun
567:. The two worked on the island of
25:
1574:France: The Dark Years, 1940-1944
1222:"A Brief History of the Ritchies"
711:US Department of Veterans Affairs
4236:
4224:
4200:
4190:
4180:
4170:
4160:
4150:
4140:
4130:
4120:
4108:
4098:
4088:
4078:
4068:
4058:
4048:
4038:
4028:
4000:
3990:
3980:
3970:
3960:
3820:
3810:
3800:
3790:
3780:
3770:
3760:
3748:
3738:
3728:
3718:
3708:
3698:
3688:
3678:
3668:
3658:
3650:
3642:
3632:
3622:
3612:
3602:
3592:
3582:
3572:
3562:
3552:
3544:
3534:
3524:
3514:
3498:
3480:
3470:
3460:
3450:
3440:
3430:
3420:
3410:
3400:
3390:
3380:
3370:
3360:
3350:
3340:
3330:
3320:
3310:
3300:
3290:
3280:
3270:
3262:
3252:
3242:
3232:
3222:
3212:
3200:
3190:
3180:
3170:
3160:
3150:
3140:
3130:
3120:
3110:
3100:
3085:
3075:
3065:
3055:
3045:
3035:
3025:
3015:
3005:
2995:
2985:
2975:
2962:
2952:
2942:
2932:
2922:
2910:
2900:
2890:
2880:
2872:
2862:
2852:
2840:
2830:
2820:
2810:
2800:
2788:
2778:
2768:
2758:
2748:
2738:
2728:
2718:
2708:
2700:
2690:
2680:
2670:
2660:
2650:
2640:
2630:
2620:
2610:
2600:
2538:
1942:
1817:
1787:
906:
891:
879:
867:
840:Légion Française des Combattants
666:
651:
636:
621:
606:
591:
576:
420:County Wicklow St. Kevin's Cross
195:
179:
159:
140:
124:
108:
1423:(in French). Editions du Cerf.
1301:. McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP.
773:Fédération Nationale Catholique
519:Notable Celtic crosses in India
326:, the Cross of the Scriptures,
2317:Come, all ye jolly tinner boys
786:. The same year, impressed by
725:White nationalist Celtic cross
565:Alexander and Euphemia Ritchie
1:
2510:Royal Institution of Cornwall
1777:Habelt, Bonn, 3 Baende, 1991.
598:Decorative Celtic cross with
583:Ornamental Celtic cross with
509:Govan Old Parish Church Cross
2495:Institute of Cornish Studies
1775:The high crosses of Ireland.
1757:The High Crosses of Ireland.
1625:Lackerstein, Debbie (2007).
490:Massacre of Glencoe Monument
4284:National symbols of Ireland
2338:The Song of the Western Men
1810:. 29:16 minutes in. BBC 1.
1577:. Oxford University Press.
1417:Laneyrie, Philippe (1985).
1242:Southern Poverty Law Center
1178:Langdon, Arthur G. (1896).
717:White supremacist symbolism
684:Gaelic Athletic Association
660:Flag of the Church in Wales
235:Early forms: pillar stone,
4320:
1759:Felinfach: Llanerch 1992,
1692:(in French). 12 April 2013
1664:(in French). Odile Jacob.
1481:. Paris: l'Art catholique.
886:Neo-nazi Celtic cross flag
858:, founded by him in 1949.
838:, a youth movement within
645:Irish Football Association
204:Cimetière du Père-Lachaise
29:
4219:
3496:
2533:
2261:
1939:
1908:Cornish kilts and tartans
1868:
1686:"Entretien: Pierre Sidos"
1658:Cantier, Jacques (2002).
1541:Giolitto, Pierre (1991).
1327:Bouzard, Thierry (2006).
1064:Stone crosses in Cornwall
330:and those in Scotland at
4006:Staurogram/Monogrammatic
2520:Movyans Skolyow Meythrin
2058:Cornish pilot-gig racing
1571:Jackson, Julian (2001).
1519:Avon, Dominique (1998).
1492:Avon, Dominique (2001).
1444:Avon, Dominique (1997).
975:Christian cross variants
30:Not to be confused with
4231:Christianity portal
2243:The Pirates of Penzance
2157:List of Cornish writers
2068:Rugby union in Cornwall
1475:Doncoeur, Paul (1924).
1166:Herren & Brown 2002
1108:Herren & Brown 2002
1096:Herren & Brown 2002
506:St Gordian's Kirk Cross
202:Modern Celtic cross at
4044:Armenian eternity sign
2616:Anchored/Saint Clement
2167:Cornwall Film Festival
1525:L'Amitié Charles Péguy
1462:10.3406/rhef.1997.1288
1295:Hellman, John (1993).
1272:Anti-Defamation League
1208:1 October 2016 at the
1016: – Heraldic cross
995: – Y-shaped cross
969:Georgian eternity sign
957:Armenian eternity sign
808:The Ball and the Cross
726:
702:
643:Original crest of the
527:Mateer Memorial Church
500:St. Martin's Cross at
412:Dysert O'Dea Monastery
244:
228:
100:Celtic cross monuments
44:
4156:Shield of the Trinity
3238:Portate/Saint Gilbert
2514:Royal Cornwall Museum
2434:Jack the Giant Killer
2386:Prayer Book Rebellion
1807:Seven Ages of Britain
1598:Raffin, Anne (2005).
1381:Colon, David (2008).
1333:(in French). Pardès.
799:German Youth Movement
724:
700:
631:headstone emblem 46
560:religious symbolism.
400:Carndonagh high cross
234:
222:
43:A Celtic cross symbol
42:
3929:Rood/Triumphal cross
3366:Saint James/Santiago
3316:Saltire/Saint Andrew
2991:Grapevine/Saint Nino
2331:Hail to the Homeland
1796:at Wikimedia Commons
1360:. Penn State Press.
862:white supremacists.
4289:Nationalist symbols
4196:Triskelion/Triskele
3638:Cuthbert's pectoral
3061:Jerusalem (Kingdom)
3051:Jerusalem/Crusaders
2545:Cornwall portal
2505:Royal Cornwall Show
2391:Radyo an Gernewegva
2303:Bro Goth agan Tasow
2281:Fisherman's Friends
2111:Cornish Gilliflower
1862:Culture of Cornwall
1604:. Lexington Books.
1400:10.3917/hp.004.0007
1181:Old Cornish Crosses
1168:, pp. 199–200.
1098:, pp. 193–195.
828:National Revolution
709:, including by the
616:headstone emblem 41
454:Kells, County Meath
299:in Ireland, and at
188:Limburg-Dietkirchen
4274:Crosses by culture
2366:Cornish literature
2162:Tristan and Iseult
1972:Chewidden Thursday
1928:Saint Piran's Flag
981:Conciliation cross
914:National-anarchist
803:G. K. Chesterton's
769:Cartel des Gauches
731:white supremacists
727:
703:
390:, County Tipperary
245:
229:
115:Croix celtique de
73:Irish missionaries
45:
4251:
4250:
4166:Sunwheel swastika
3549:Blanc croix rouge
2553:
2552:
2454:Mermaid of Zennor
2347:
2346:
2222:Rosamunde Pilcher
2202:Daphne du Maurier
2101:Cornish cream tea
2063:Cornish wrestling
2037:Tom Bawcock's Eve
1992:Kernewek Lowender
1913:Jonathan Trelawny
1876:Gonisogeth Kernow
1802:"Age of Conquest"
1792:Media related to
1726:978-0-85115-889-1
1719:. Boydell Press.
1611:978-0-7391-1146-8
1554:978-2-262-00800-0
1547:. Paris: Perrin.
1505:978-2-204-06562-7
1430:978-2-204-02318-4
1367:978-0-271-09083-2
1340:978-2-86714-380-9
1330:La croix celtique
1308:978-0-7735-0973-3
733:. It was used by
472:Campbeltown Cross
426:, County Kilkenny
322:, the crosses at
320:Ardboe High Cross
131:Early crosses at
61:Early Middle Ages
16:(Redirected from
4311:
4241:
4240:
4229:
4228:
4204:
4194:
4184:
4174:
4164:
4154:
4144:
4134:
4124:
4112:
4102:
4092:
4082:
4072:
4062:
4052:
4042:
4032:
4004:
3994:
3984:
3974:
3964:
3824:
3814:
3804:
3794:
3784:
3774:
3764:
3752:
3742:
3732:
3722:
3712:
3702:
3692:
3682:
3672:
3662:
3654:
3646:
3636:
3626:
3618:Cross cramponnée
3616:
3606:
3596:
3586:
3576:
3566:
3556:
3548:
3538:
3528:
3518:
3502:
3501:
3484:
3476:Syriac (Western)
3474:
3466:Syriac (Eastern)
3464:
3454:
3446:Serbian Orthodox
3444:
3434:
3424:
3414:
3404:
3394:
3384:
3374:
3364:
3354:
3344:
3334:
3324:
3314:
3304:
3296:Russian Orthodox
3294:
3284:
3274:
3266:
3256:
3246:
3236:
3226:
3216:
3204:
3194:
3184:
3174:
3164:
3154:
3144:
3134:
3124:
3114:
3104:
3089:
3079:
3069:
3059:
3049:
3039:
3029:
3019:
3009:
2999:
2989:
2979:
2966:
2956:
2946:
2936:
2926:
2914:
2904:
2894:
2884:
2876:
2866:
2856:
2844:
2834:
2824:
2814:
2804:
2792:
2782:
2772:
2762:
2752:
2742:
2732:
2722:
2712:
2704:
2694:
2684:
2674:
2664:
2654:
2644:
2634:
2624:
2614:
2604:
2580:
2573:
2566:
2557:
2543:
2542:
2541:
2525:Akademi Kernewek
2376:Beunans Meriasek
2266:Cornish bagpipes
2259:
2197:Barbara Hepworth
2106:Cornish fairings
1947:
1946:
1933:Scillonian Cross
1855:
1848:
1841:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1821:
1820:
1811:
1800:David Dimbleby.
1791:
1749:J. Romilly Allen
1730:
1702:
1701:
1699:
1697:
1682:
1676:
1675:
1655:
1649:
1648:
1639:
1633:
1632:
1622:
1616:
1615:
1595:
1589:
1588:
1568:
1559:
1558:
1538:
1529:
1528:
1516:
1510:
1509:
1489:
1483:
1482:
1472:
1466:
1465:
1456:(211): 395–434.
1441:
1435:
1434:
1414:
1405:
1404:
1402:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1351:
1345:
1344:
1324:
1313:
1312:
1292:
1283:
1282:
1280:
1278:
1264:
1253:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1234:
1225:
1219:
1213:
1200:
1194:
1193:
1175:
1169:
1163:
1157:
1156:
1120:
1111:
1105:
1099:
1093:
1043:
1040: – Crucifix
998:
945:
942:
939:
937:
910:
895:
883:
871:
848:civilian service
824:Vichy government
796:
785:
762:
670:
655:
640:
625:
610:
595:
580:
481:Inchbraoch Cross
460:, County Kildare
433:, County Donegal
402:, County Donegal
284:Coelius Sedulius
276:celestial sphere
237:Gallarus Oratory
199:
183:
163:
150:war memorial in
144:
128:
112:
21:
4319:
4318:
4314:
4313:
4312:
4310:
4309:
4308:
4254:
4253:
4252:
4247:
4243:Arts portal
4235:
4223:
4215:
4017:
3943:
3828:
3503:
3499:
3494:
3166:Order of Christ
2958:Globus cruciger
2774:Catherine wheel
2589:
2584:
2554:
2549:
2539:
2537:
2529:
2473:
2429:Cruel Coppinger
2409:Beast of Bodmin
2395:
2343:
2290:
2248:
2207:William Golding
2187:Charles Causley
2145:
2096:Cornish cheeses
2072:
2053:Cornish hurling
2041:
1997:Montol Festival
1948:
1941:
1937:
1879:
1864:
1859:
1825:Cornwall portal
1823:
1818:
1816:
1799:
1784:
1733:H. Richardson:
1727:
1714:
1711:
1706:
1705:
1695:
1693:
1684:
1683:
1679:
1672:
1657:
1656:
1652:
1641:
1640:
1636:
1624:
1623:
1619:
1612:
1597:
1596:
1592:
1585:
1570:
1569:
1562:
1555:
1540:
1539:
1532:
1518:
1517:
1513:
1506:
1491:
1490:
1486:
1474:
1473:
1469:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1431:
1416:
1415:
1408:
1380:
1379:
1375:
1368:
1353:
1352:
1348:
1341:
1326:
1325:
1316:
1309:
1294:
1293:
1286:
1276:
1274:
1266:
1265:
1256:
1246:
1244:
1236:
1235:
1228:
1220:
1216:
1210:Wayback Machine
1201:
1197:
1177:
1176:
1172:
1164:
1160:
1122:
1121:
1114:
1106:
1102:
1094:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1041:
996:
952:
943:
940:
935:
934:
924:
917:
911:
902:
896:
887:
884:
875:
872:
790:
779:
756:
719:
707:Presbyterianism
692:Church in Wales
677:
671:
662:
656:
647:
641:
632:
626:
617:
611:
602:
596:
587:
581:
541:
536:
529:, Kerala, India
512:Weem, Aberfeldy
485:Kildalton Cross
336:Kildalton Cross
289:Carmen Paschale
217:
212:
211:
210:
207:
200:
191:
184:
175:
164:
155:
145:
136:
129:
120:
113:
102:
101:
53:Christian cross
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4317:
4315:
4307:
4306:
4304:Celtic crosses
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4256:
4255:
4249:
4248:
4246:
4245:
4233:
4220:
4217:
4216:
4214:
4213:
4208:
4198:
4188:
4178:
4168:
4158:
4148:
4138:
4128:
4126:Solomon's knot
4118:
4106:
4096:
4086:
4076:
4066:
4056:
4046:
4036:
4025:
4023:
4019:
4018:
4016:
4015:
3998:
3988:
3978:
3968:
3957:
3955:
3945:
3944:
3942:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3925:
3924:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3868:
3867:
3862:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3836:
3834:
3830:
3829:
3827:
3826:
3818:
3808:
3798:
3796:Teutonic Order
3788:
3778:
3768:
3758:
3757:
3756:
3736:
3726:
3716:
3706:
3696:
3686:
3676:
3666:
3656:
3648:
3640:
3630:
3620:
3610:
3608:Coptic (Early)
3600:
3590:
3580:
3570:
3560:
3550:
3542:
3532:
3522:
3511:
3509:
3505:
3504:
3497:
3495:
3493:
3492:
3478:
3468:
3458:
3448:
3438:
3428:
3418:
3408:
3398:
3388:
3378:
3368:
3358:
3348:
3338:
3328:
3318:
3308:
3298:
3288:
3278:
3268:
3260:
3250:
3240:
3230:
3220:
3210:
3209:
3208:
3188:
3178:
3168:
3158:
3148:
3138:
3128:
3118:
3108:
3098:
3093:
3083:
3073:
3063:
3053:
3043:
3033:
3023:
3013:
3011:Greek Orthodox
3003:
2993:
2983:
2973:
2972:
2971:
2950:
2940:
2930:
2920:
2919:
2918:
2898:
2888:
2878:
2870:
2868:Cruciform halo
2860:
2850:
2849:
2848:
2828:
2818:
2808:
2798:
2797:
2796:
2776:
2766:
2756:
2746:
2736:
2726:
2716:
2706:
2698:
2688:
2678:
2668:
2658:
2648:
2646:Archiepiscopal
2638:
2628:
2618:
2608:
2597:
2595:
2591:
2590:
2585:
2583:
2582:
2575:
2568:
2560:
2551:
2550:
2548:
2547:
2534:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2490:Gorsedh Kernow
2487:
2481:
2479:
2475:
2474:
2472:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2405:
2403:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2357:
2355:
2349:
2348:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2341:
2334:
2327:
2320:
2313:
2306:
2298:
2296:
2292:
2291:
2289:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2271:Brenda Wootton
2268:
2262:
2256:
2250:
2249:
2247:
2246:
2239:
2237:Minack Theatre
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2177:St Ives School
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2153:
2151:
2147:
2146:
2144:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2082:
2080:
2074:
2073:
2071:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2049:
2047:
2043:
2042:
2040:
2039:
2034:
2032:St Piran's Day
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2007:Nickanan Night
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1958:
1956:
1950:
1949:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1918:Michael An Gof
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1898:Cornish chough
1895:
1889:
1887:
1881:
1880:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1860:
1858:
1857:
1850:
1843:
1835:
1829:
1828:
1813:
1812:
1797:
1794:Celtic crosses
1783:
1782:External links
1780:
1779:
1778:
1771:Peter Harbison
1768:
1746:
1731:
1725:
1710:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1677:
1670:
1650:
1634:
1617:
1610:
1590:
1583:
1560:
1553:
1530:
1511:
1504:
1484:
1467:
1436:
1429:
1406:
1373:
1366:
1346:
1339:
1314:
1307:
1284:
1268:"Celtic Cross"
1254:
1226:
1214:
1195:
1184:. J. Pollard.
1170:
1158:
1137:10.2307/767104
1112:
1110:, p. 199.
1100:
1087:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1078:
1072:
1066:
1061:
1055:
1049:
1044:
1035:
1029:
1023:
1017:
1011:
1005:
999:
990:
984:
978:
972:
966:
960:
953:
951:
948:
923:
920:
919:
918:
912:
905:
903:
897:
890:
888:
885:
878:
876:
873:
866:
832:croix celtique
820:Fall of France
765:scout movement
718:
715:
679:
678:
672:
665:
663:
657:
650:
648:
642:
635:
633:
627:
620:
618:
612:
605:
603:
597:
590:
588:
582:
575:
545:Celtic Revival
540:
539:Celtic Revival
537:
535:
532:
531:
530:
523:
522:
520:
517:
514:
513:
510:
507:
504:
498:
492:
487:
482:
479:
473:
469:
468:
465:
462:
461:
455:
452:
449:
446:
440:
439:, County Louth
434:
429:Kloster Fahan
427:
421:
415:
414:, County Clare
409:
408:, County Sligo
403:
397:
391:
356:Ruthwell Cross
305:Pictish stones
280:Church Fathers
264:Coptic crosses
252:Ardagh chalice
248:Ringed crosses
216:
213:
209:
208:
201:
194:
192:
185:
178:
176:
165:
158:
156:
146:
139:
137:
130:
123:
121:
114:
107:
104:
103:
99:
98:
97:
89:Celtic Revival
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4316:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4294:Stone crosses
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4264:Christian art
4262:
4261:
4259:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4221:
4218:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4203:
4199:
4197:
4193:
4189:
4187:
4183:
4179:
4177:
4173:
4169:
4167:
4163:
4159:
4157:
4153:
4149:
4147:
4143:
4139:
4137:
4133:
4129:
4127:
4123:
4119:
4117:
4116:
4111:
4107:
4105:
4101:
4097:
4095:
4091:
4087:
4085:
4081:
4077:
4075:
4071:
4067:
4065:
4061:
4057:
4055:
4051:
4047:
4045:
4041:
4037:
4035:
4031:
4027:
4026:
4024:
4020:
4014:
4011:
4007:
4003:
3999:
3997:
3993:
3989:
3987:
3983:
3979:
3977:
3973:
3969:
3967:
3963:
3959:
3958:
3956:
3954:
3950:
3946:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3923:
3920:
3919:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3857:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3837:
3835:
3831:
3823:
3819:
3817:
3813:
3809:
3807:
3803:
3799:
3797:
3793:
3789:
3787:
3783:
3779:
3777:
3773:
3769:
3767:
3763:
3759:
3755:
3751:
3747:
3746:
3745:
3741:
3737:
3735:
3731:
3727:
3725:
3721:
3717:
3715:
3711:
3707:
3705:
3701:
3697:
3695:
3691:
3687:
3685:
3681:
3677:
3675:
3671:
3667:
3665:
3661:
3657:
3653:
3649:
3645:
3641:
3639:
3635:
3631:
3629:
3625:
3621:
3619:
3615:
3611:
3609:
3605:
3601:
3599:
3595:
3591:
3589:
3585:
3581:
3579:
3575:
3571:
3569:
3565:
3561:
3559:
3555:
3551:
3547:
3543:
3541:
3537:
3533:
3531:
3527:
3523:
3521:
3517:
3513:
3512:
3510:
3506:
3491:
3490:Saint Anthony
3487:
3483:
3479:
3477:
3473:
3469:
3467:
3463:
3459:
3457:
3453:
3449:
3447:
3443:
3439:
3437:
3433:
3429:
3427:
3423:
3419:
3417:
3413:
3409:
3407:
3403:
3399:
3397:
3393:
3389:
3387:
3386:Saint Patrick
3383:
3379:
3377:
3373:
3369:
3367:
3363:
3359:
3357:
3353:
3349:
3347:
3346:Saint Florian
3343:
3339:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3327:
3323:
3319:
3317:
3313:
3309:
3307:
3303:
3299:
3297:
3293:
3289:
3287:
3283:
3279:
3277:
3273:
3269:
3265:
3261:
3259:
3255:
3251:
3249:
3245:
3241:
3239:
3235:
3231:
3229:
3225:
3221:
3219:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3198:
3197:
3193:
3189:
3187:
3183:
3179:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3167:
3163:
3159:
3157:
3153:
3149:
3147:
3143:
3139:
3137:
3133:
3129:
3127:
3123:
3119:
3117:
3113:
3109:
3107:
3103:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3082:
3078:
3074:
3072:
3068:
3064:
3062:
3058:
3054:
3052:
3048:
3044:
3042:
3038:
3034:
3032:
3028:
3024:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3012:
3008:
3004:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2992:
2988:
2984:
2982:
2978:
2974:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2960:
2959:
2955:
2951:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2939:
2935:
2931:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2917:
2913:
2909:
2908:
2907:
2903:
2899:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2859:
2855:
2851:
2847:
2843:
2839:
2838:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2817:
2813:
2809:
2807:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2786:
2785:
2781:
2777:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2745:
2741:
2737:
2735:
2731:
2727:
2725:
2721:
2717:
2715:
2711:
2707:
2703:
2699:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2677:
2673:
2669:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2647:
2643:
2639:
2637:
2633:
2629:
2627:
2623:
2619:
2617:
2613:
2609:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2594:In modern use
2592:
2588:
2581:
2576:
2574:
2569:
2567:
2562:
2561:
2558:
2546:
2536:
2535:
2532:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2515:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2478:Organisations
2476:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2402:
2398:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2361:Anglo-Cornish
2359:
2358:
2356:
2354:
2350:
2339:
2335:
2332:
2328:
2325:
2321:
2318:
2314:
2311:
2310:Camborne Hill
2307:
2304:
2300:
2299:
2297:
2293:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2263:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2251:
2245:
2244:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2217:H. C. McNeile
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2192:Newlyn School
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2152:
2148:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2121:Hog's pudding
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2091:Clotted cream
2089:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2081:
2079:
2075:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2044:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1955:
1951:
1945:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1903:Cornish heath
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1888:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1863:
1856:
1851:
1849:
1844:
1842:
1837:
1836:
1833:
1826:
1815:
1809:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1795:
1790:
1786:
1785:
1781:
1776:
1772:
1769:
1766:
1765:0-7661-9262-8
1762:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1747:
1744:
1743:0-85342-941-3
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1722:
1718:
1713:
1712:
1708:
1691:
1690:Revue Charles
1687:
1681:
1678:
1673:
1671:9782738110572
1667:
1663:
1662:
1654:
1651:
1646:
1645:
1638:
1635:
1631:(PhD thesis).
1630:
1629:
1621:
1618:
1613:
1607:
1603:
1602:
1594:
1591:
1586:
1584:9780198207061
1580:
1576:
1575:
1567:
1565:
1561:
1556:
1550:
1546:
1545:
1537:
1535:
1531:
1526:
1522:
1515:
1512:
1507:
1501:
1497:
1496:
1488:
1485:
1480:
1479:
1471:
1468:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1440:
1437:
1432:
1426:
1422:
1421:
1413:
1411:
1407:
1401:
1396:
1392:
1389:(in French).
1388:
1384:
1377:
1374:
1369:
1363:
1359:
1358:
1350:
1347:
1342:
1336:
1332:
1331:
1323:
1321:
1319:
1315:
1310:
1304:
1300:
1299:
1291:
1289:
1285:
1273:
1269:
1263:
1261:
1259:
1255:
1243:
1239:
1233:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1218:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1204:
1199:
1196:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1182:
1174:
1171:
1167:
1162:
1159:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1131:(1): 98–110.
1130:
1126:
1119:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1104:
1101:
1097:
1092:
1089:
1082:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1026:Picture stone
1024:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1014:Maltese cross
1012:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
994:
991:
988:
985:
982:
979:
976:
973:
970:
967:
964:
961:
958:
955:
954:
949:
947:
933:
929:
921:
915:
909:
904:
901:
894:
889:
882:
877:
870:
865:
863:
859:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
816:
814:
810:
809:
804:
800:
794:
789:
783:
778:
774:
770:
766:
760:
755:
750:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
723:
716:
714:
712:
708:
699:
695:
693:
689:
685:
676:
669:
664:
661:
654:
649:
646:
639:
634:
630:
624:
619:
615:
609:
604:
601:
594:
589:
586:
579:
574:
572:
570:
566:
561:
557:
555:
551:
550:Henry O'Neill
546:
538:
533:
528:
525:
524:
521:
518:
516:
515:
511:
508:
505:
503:
499:
496:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
480:
477:
474:
471:
470:
466:
464:
463:
459:
456:
453:
450:
447:
444:
441:
438:
437:Monasterboice
435:
432:
428:
425:
422:
419:
416:
413:
410:
407:
404:
401:
398:
396:County Tyrone
395:
392:
389:
386:
385:
384:
383:
379:
376:
372:
371:Saint Declan
368:
367:Saint Patrick
363:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
324:Monasterboice
321:
317:
313:
308:
306:
302:
298:
293:
291:
290:
285:
281:
277:
273:
272:Christian art
269:
266:based on the
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
242:
238:
233:
226:
221:
215:Early history
214:
205:
198:
193:
189:
182:
177:
173:
172:Monasterboice
169:
162:
157:
153:
149:
143:
138:
134:
127:
122:
118:
111:
106:
96:
94:
90:
85:
81:
76:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
51:is a form of
50:
41:
37:
33:
19:
4279:High crosses
4113:
3996:Signum manus
3949:Christograms
3917:Processional
3850:Conciliation
3776:Saint Julian
3588:Consecration
3426:Saint Thomas
3406:Saint Philip
3356:Saint George
2793:
2783:
2626:Anuradhapura
2324:Delkiow Sivy
2241:
2232:D. M. Thomas
2227:Derek Tangye
2182:W. J. Burley
2172:Tate St Ives
2141:Cornish Yarg
2136:Stargazy pie
2002:Mummer's Day
1893:Celtic cross
1892:
1875:
1874:
1806:
1774:
1756:
1752:
1734:
1716:
1709:Bibliography
1694:. Retrieved
1689:
1680:
1660:
1653:
1643:
1637:
1627:
1620:
1600:
1593:
1573:
1543:
1524:
1514:
1494:
1487:
1477:
1470:
1453:
1449:
1439:
1419:
1390:
1386:
1376:
1356:
1349:
1329:
1297:
1275:. Retrieved
1271:
1245:. Retrieved
1241:
1217:
1198:
1180:
1173:
1161:
1128:
1124:
1103:
1091:
1052:Solar symbol
1032:Ringed cross
993:Forked cross
987:Coptic cross
963:Basalt cross
944:CELTIC CROSS
925:
860:
856:Jeune Nation
852:Pierre Sidos
844:single party
831:
817:
812:
806:
754:Paul Doncœur
751:
728:
704:
680:
675:Isle of Skye
673:Flag of the
585:Celtic knots
562:
558:
553:
542:
534:Modern times
443:Clonmacnoise
381:
380:
369:or possibly
364:
346:'s cross at
342:, including
328:Clonmacnoise
309:
294:
287:
256:high crosses
246:
241:County Kerry
133:Clonmacnoise
78:A staple of
77:
69:high crosses
65:ringed cross
63:. A type of
55:featuring a
49:Celtic cross
48:
46:
36:
18:Celtic Cross
4269:Insular art
4136:Scientology
3976:IX monogram
3833:By function
3766:Saint Alban
3568:Carolingian
3456:Short Sword
3416:Saint Piran
3396:Saint Peter
3336:Saint David
3218:Patriarchal
3071:Latin/Roman
2896:Evangelists
2676:Balkenkreuz
2666:Arrow/Barby
2444:King Arthur
2414:Blunderbore
2131:Saffron bun
2027:Picrous Day
1977:Furry Dance
1923:Saint Piran
1696:4 September
1058:Stone cross
1047:Shaft cross
813:croix cadet
791: [
780: [
757: [
418:Glendalough
360:Reformation
352:Northumbria
348:Perranporth
260:Insular art
84:Latin cross
80:Insular art
4299:Celtic art
4258:Categories
3806:Two-barred
3508:Historical
3376:Saint John
3326:Saint Chad
3267:Resistance
3081:Macedonian
2970:'s variant
2968:Archbishop
2764:Canterbury
2636:Archangels
2381:Bewnans Ke
2295:Folk songs
2116:Hevva cake
2086:Cloam oven
2022:'Obby 'Oss
2017:Noze looan
1190:1008359745
1083:References
1002:High cross
932:code point
900:Stormfront
818:After the
777:Ligue DRAC
747:Stormfront
600:triquetras
552:published
502:Iona Abbey
476:Iona Abbey
227:, Scotland
225:Perthshire
168:high cross
3953:Chrismons
3912:Preaching
3754:Quarterly
3724:Nestorian
3664:Gammadion
3647:Engrailed
2886:Ethiopian
2734:Byzantine
2714:Bulgarian
2401:Mythology
2371:Ordinalia
2212:Alan Kent
2012:Nos Lowen
1967:Allantide
1954:Festivals
1153:192024681
1069:Sun cross
941:🕈
788:Quickborn
739:neo-Nazis
424:Killamery
406:Drumcliff
375:sun cross
243:, Ireland
190:, Germany
174:, Ireland
154:, England
148:Kingswood
135:, Ireland
93:interlace
32:Sun cross
4186:Swastika
4146:Shamrock
4074:Kolovrat
4064:Irminsul
4022:See also
3922:Lalibela
3902:Pectoral
3897:Necklace
3887:Memorial
3855:Heraldry
3845:Blessing
3704:Lorraine
3674:Jewelled
3520:Avellane
3258:Quadrate
3146:Novgorod
3116:Maronite
3041:Jeremiah
3021:Huguenot
2858:Crucifix
2836:Crosslet
2806:Cercelée
2754:Camargue
2724:Burgundy
2656:Armenian
2469:Spriggan
2449:Lyonesse
2424:Cormoran
2353:Language
1962:AberFest
1393:(4): 7.
1206:Archived
1075:Swastika
1008:Irminsul
950:See also
743:Klansmen
686:and the
344:St Piran
340:Cornwall
334:and the
286:'s poem
119:, France
117:Lugasson
4094:Mjölnir
4084:Lauburu
4054:Ichthys
3986:Labarum
3966:Chi Rho
3939:Wayside
3892:Mission
3816:Victory
3786:Templar
3744:Pierced
3734:Peñalba
3694:Lazarus
3684:Katanga
3655:Erminée
3436:Serbian
3286:Russian
3206:Fitchée
3186:Patonce
3156:Occitan
3091:Maltese
2981:Gnostic
2938:Fourchy
2826:Cossack
2794:Variant
2744:Calvary
2696:Bottony
2686:Bolnisi
2606:Alcoraz
2587:Crosses
2439:Knocker
2078:Cuisine
1987:Guldize
1982:Golowan
1885:Symbols
1871:Cornish
1020:Maypole
936:U+1F548
928:Unicode
922:Unicode
836:Algeria
497:1 Cross
478:Crosses
206:, Paris
3934:Summit
3907:Plague
3882:Mercat
3877:Market
3860:Nordic
3825:Voided
3598:Coptic
3578:Chouan
3558:Brigid
3276:Ringed
3248:Potent
3196:Pattée
3136:Nordic
3126:Moline
3106:Marian
3096:Marada
2948:Fylfot
2928:Forked
2916:Fitchy
2906:Fleury
2877:Double
2846:Fitchy
2816:Coptic
2784:Celtic
2705:Branch
2464:Piskie
2459:Owlman
2286:Crowns
2046:Sports
1763:
1741:
1737:1990,
1723:
1668:
1608:
1581:
1551:
1502:
1478:Cadets
1427:
1364:
1337:
1305:
1277:31 May
1247:31 May
1188:
1151:
1145:767104
1143:
938:
805:novel
495:Meigle
394:Ardboe
388:Ahenny
297:Ahenny
152:Surrey
57:nimbus
3865:Pisan
3840:Altar
3714:Neith
3628:Crown
3540:Black
3306:Salem
3228:Pommy
3176:Papal
3001:Greek
2419:Bucca
2276:Dalla
2254:Music
2126:Pasty
1149:S2CID
1141:JSTOR
1125:Gesta
795:]
784:]
761:]
735:Nazis
458:Moone
431:Fahan
378:sun.
316:Kells
312:ogham
4115:Rota
4104:Rose
4034:Ankh
3872:High
3530:Aviz
3031:Iron
2150:Arts
1761:ISBN
1739:ISBN
1721:ISBN
1698:2023
1666:ISBN
1606:ISBN
1579:ISBN
1549:ISBN
1500:ISBN
1425:ISBN
1362:ISBN
1335:ISBN
1303:ISBN
1279:2020
1249:2020
1186:OCLC
1038:Rood
916:star
775:and
658:The
629:USVA
614:USVA
569:Iona
543:The
332:Iona
301:Iona
268:ankh
47:The
4176:Sun
4013:Rho
4010:Tau
3486:Tau
1458:doi
1395:doi
1133:doi
926:In
170:at
4260::
3951:,
1873::
1804:.
1773::
1751::
1688:.
1563:^
1533:^
1523:.
1454:83
1452:.
1448:.
1409:^
1385:.
1317:^
1287:^
1270:.
1257:^
1240:.
1229:^
1147:.
1139:.
1129:29
1127:.
1115:^
946:.
822:,
793:de
782:fr
759:fr
749:.
741:,
713:.
318:,
307:.
239:,
166:A
4008:/
3488:/
2579:e
2572:t
2565:v
2516:)
2512:(
2340:"
2336:"
2333:"
2329:"
2326:"
2322:"
2319:"
2315:"
2312:"
2308:"
2305:"
2301:"
1854:e
1847:t
1840:v
1767:.
1745:.
1729:.
1700:.
1674:.
1614:.
1587:.
1557:.
1508:.
1464:.
1460::
1433:.
1403:.
1397::
1391:4
1370:.
1343:.
1311:.
1281:.
1251:.
1192:.
1155:.
1135::
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
