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Centered polygonal number

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46: 1102: 423: 409: 416: 3598: 430: 1067: 1062: 1057: 1041: 1036: 1031: 1026: 1010: 1005: 1000: 995: 990: 974: 969: 964: 959: 943: 938: 933: 877: 872: 856: 851: 846: 830: 825: 779: 1093: 1088: 1072: 1046: 1015: 979: 948: 922: 917: 898: 893: 882: 861: 835: 814: 809: 795: 790: 784: 774: 768: 754: 1083: 1078: 1052: 1021: 985: 954: 928: 912: 907: 888: 867: 841: 820: 804: 763: 702: 686: 681: 676: 660: 655: 650: 645: 640: 624: 619: 614: 598: 566: 550: 545: 540: 524: 492: 713: 707: 697: 691: 671: 665: 635: 629: 609: 603: 593: 587: 577: 571: 561: 555: 535: 529: 519: 513: 503: 497: 487: 481: 471: 29:, each formed by a central dot, surrounded by polygonal layers of dots with a constant number of sides. Each side of a polygonal layer contains one more dot than each side in the previous layer; so starting from the second polygonal layer, each layer of a centered 1546: 125:
is the series rank, starting with 0 for the initial 1. For example, each centered square number in the series is four times the previous triangular number, plus 1. This can be formalized by the expression
1451: 1231: 1362: 177: 119: 1588: 1700: 367:
The following diagrams show a few examples of centered polygonal numbers and their geometric construction. Compare these diagrams with the diagrams in
348: 335: 322: 302: 279: 263: 239: 223: 207: 191: 1693: 2500: 1686: 2495: 1669: 2510: 2490: 45: 3203: 2783: 2505: 3289: 2605: 1541:{\displaystyle {\frac {2\pi }{k{\sqrt {1-{\frac {8}{k}}}}}}\tan \left({\frac {\pi }{2}}{\sqrt {1-{\frac {8}{k}}}}\right)} 2955: 2274: 2067: 2990: 2960: 2635: 2625: 3131: 2545: 2279: 2259: 2821: 1164: 2985: 3080: 2703: 2460: 2269: 2251: 2145: 2135: 2125: 1611: 1101: 258: 218: 186: 2965: 3622: 3208: 2753: 2374: 2160: 2155: 2150: 2140: 1418: 1410: 317: 297: 274: 234: 2193: 1367:
which tells us that 10 is both triangular and centered triangular, 25 is both square and centered square, etc.
1312: 2450: 3319: 3284: 3070: 2980: 2854: 2829: 2738: 2728: 2340: 2322: 2242: 129: 71: 1559: 3579: 2849: 2723: 2354: 2130: 1910: 1837: 1438: 1406: 202: 2834: 2688: 2615: 1770: 3543: 3183: 3476: 3370: 3334: 3075: 2798: 2778: 2595: 2264: 2052: 2024: 3198: 3062: 3057: 3025: 2788: 2763: 2758: 2733: 2663: 2659: 2590: 2480: 2312: 2108: 2077: 49: 3597: 3601: 3355: 3350: 3264: 3238: 3136: 3115: 2887: 2768: 2718: 2640: 2610: 2550: 2317: 2297: 2228: 1941: 744:                 2485: 422: 408: 3495: 3440: 3294: 3269: 3243: 3020: 2698: 2693: 2620: 2600: 2585: 2307: 2289: 2208: 2198: 2183: 1961: 1946: 1665: 1642: 1422: 65: 1645: 3531: 3324: 2910: 2882: 2872: 2864: 2748: 2713: 2708: 2675: 2369: 2332: 2223: 2218: 2213: 2203: 2175: 2062: 2014: 2009: 1966: 1905: 1378: 368: 415: 3507: 3396: 3329: 3255: 3178: 3152: 2970: 2683: 2540: 2475: 2445: 2435: 2430: 2096: 2004: 1951: 1795: 1735: 333:
centered hendecagonal numbers 1, 12, 34, 67, 111, 166, 232, 309, 397, 496, 606, 727, ... (
26: 346:
centered dodecagonal numbers 1, 13, 37, 73, 121, 181, 253, 337, 433, 541, 661, 793, ... (
3512: 3380: 3365: 3229: 3193: 3168: 3044: 3015: 3000: 2877: 2773: 2743: 2470: 2425: 2302: 1900: 1895: 1890: 1862: 1847: 1760: 1745: 1723: 1710: 1612:
centered polygonal numbers in OEIS wiki, content "Table of related formulae and values"
311: 3616: 3435: 3419: 3360: 3314: 3010: 2995: 2905: 2630: 2188: 2057: 2019: 1976: 1857: 1842: 1832: 1790: 1780: 1755: 1626: 1414: 291: 3471: 3460: 3375: 3213: 3188: 3105: 3005: 2975: 2950: 2934: 2839: 2806: 2555: 2529: 2440: 2379: 1956: 1852: 1785: 1765: 1740: 1371: 3430: 3305: 3110: 2574: 2465: 2420: 2415: 2165: 2072: 1971: 1800: 1775: 1750: 1622: 357: 3567: 3548: 2844: 2455: 1066: 1061: 1056: 1040: 1035: 1030: 1025: 1009: 1004: 999: 994: 989: 973: 968: 963: 958: 942: 937: 932: 876: 871: 855: 850: 845: 829: 824: 778: 288: 1678: 1092: 1087: 1071: 1045: 1014: 978: 947: 921: 916: 897: 892: 881: 860: 834: 813: 808: 794: 789: 783: 773: 767: 753: 3173: 3100: 3092: 2897: 2811: 1929: 1650: 1434: 1082: 1077: 1051: 1020: 984: 953: 927: 911: 906: 887: 866: 840: 819: 803: 762: 429: 3274: 1389:-gonal number), many centered polygonal numbers are primes. In fact, if 3279: 2938: 1282:
Just as is the case with regular polygonal numbers, the first centered
1150:−1)th triangular number around a central point; therefore, the 738:            732:            701: 685: 680: 675: 659: 654: 649: 644: 639: 623: 618: 613: 597: 565: 549: 544: 539: 523: 491: 1100: 712: 706: 696: 690: 670: 664: 634: 628: 608: 602: 592: 586: 576: 570: 560: 554: 534: 528: 518: 512: 502: 496: 486: 480: 470: 44: 1425:(and not equal to 3), thus both of them cannot be prime numbers. 3565: 3529: 3493: 3457: 3417: 3042: 2931: 2657: 2572: 2527: 2404: 2094: 2041: 1993: 1927: 1879: 1817: 1721: 1682: 247:), which are exactly the difference of consecutive cubes, i.e. 16:
Class of series of figurate numbers, each having a central dot
320:
1, 11, 31, 61, 101, 151, 211, 281, 361, 451, 551, 661, ... (
352: 339: 326: 306: 300:
1, 10, 28, 55, 91, 136, 190, 253, 325, 406, 496, 595, ... (
283: 267: 243: 227: 211: 195: 277:
1, 9, 25, 49, 81, 121, 169, 225, 289, 361, 441, 529, ... (
261:
1, 8, 22, 43, 71, 106, 148, 197, 253, 316, 386, 463, ... (
1664:(2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 88–89. 237:
1, 7, 19, 37, 61, 91, 127, 169, 217, 271, 331, 397, ... (
221:
1, 6, 16, 31, 51, 76, 106, 141, 181, 226, 276, 331, ... (
205:
1, 5, 13, 25, 41, 61, 85, 113, 145, 181, 221, 265, ... (
189:
1, 4, 10, 19, 31, 46, 64, 85, 109, 136, 166, 199, ... (
1562: 1454: 1315: 1167: 132: 74: 52:
that centered octa­gonal numbers are odd squares
3389: 3343: 3303: 3254: 3228: 3161: 3145: 3124: 3091: 3056: 2896: 2863: 2820: 2797: 2674: 2362: 2353: 2331: 2288: 2250: 2241: 2174: 2116: 2107: 68:, plus 1. This can be formalized by the expression 1582: 1540: 1356: 1225: 171: 113: 1226:{\displaystyle C_{k,n}={\frac {kn}{2}}(n-1)+1.} 1405:-gonal numbers which are primes (assuming the 1694: 1401:≠ 9, then there are infinitely many centered 8: 750: 467: 3562: 3526: 3490: 3454: 3414: 3088: 3053: 3039: 2928: 2671: 2654: 2569: 2524: 2401: 2359: 2247: 2113: 2104: 2091: 2038: 1995:Possessing a specific set of other numbers 1990: 1924: 1876: 1814: 1718: 1701: 1687: 1679: 1134:As can be seen in the above diagrams, the 1569: 1563: 1561: 1521: 1513: 1503: 1477: 1469: 1455: 1453: 1357:{\displaystyle {\frac {k^{2}}{2}}(k-1)+1} 1322: 1316: 1314: 1187: 1172: 1166: 1142:-gonal number can be obtained by placing 444: 375: 133: 131: 75: 73: 1662:The Oxford Mathematics Study Dictionary 1604: 1306:-gonal can be found using the formula: 172:{\displaystyle {\frac {4n(n+1)}{2}}+1} 114:{\displaystyle {\frac {kn(n+1)}{2}}+1} 1632:The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences 1583:{\displaystyle {\frac {\pi ^{2}}{8}}} 7: 1381:(except the trivial case, i.e. each 1298:-gonal. The next number to be both 37:more dots than the previous layer. 1286:-gonal number is 1. Thus, for any 14: 3596: 3204:Perfect digit-to-digit invariant 1091: 1086: 1081: 1076: 1070: 1065: 1060: 1055: 1050: 1044: 1039: 1034: 1029: 1024: 1019: 1013: 1008: 1003: 998: 993: 988: 983: 977: 972: 967: 962: 957: 952: 946: 941: 936: 931: 926: 920: 915: 910: 905: 896: 891: 886: 880: 875: 870: 865: 859: 854: 849: 844: 839: 833: 828: 823: 818: 812: 807: 802: 793: 788: 782: 777: 772: 766: 761: 752: 711: 705: 700: 695: 689: 684: 679: 674: 669: 663: 658: 653: 648: 643: 638: 633: 627: 622: 617: 612: 607: 601: 596: 591: 585: 575: 569: 564: 559: 553: 548: 543: 538: 533: 527: 522: 517: 511: 501: 495: 490: 485: 479: 469: 428: 421: 414: 407: 60:-gonal number in the series is 1345: 1333: 1267:-gonal number is equal to the 1214: 1202: 154: 142: 96: 84: 1: 2043:Expressible via specific sums 1635:. San Diego: Academic Press. 1244:+1)-th consecutive centered 182:These series consist of the 3132:Multiplicative digital root 1646:"Centered polygonal number" 259:centered heptagonal numbers 219:centered pentagonal numbers 187:centered triangular numbers 3639: 1419:centered nonagonal numbers 1411:centered octagonal numbers 1158:-gonal number is equal to 722:Centered hexagonal numbers 318:centered decagonal numbers 310:), which include all even 298:centered nonagonal numbers 275:centered octagonal numbers 235:centered hexagonal numbers 23:centered polygonal numbers 3592: 3575: 3561: 3539: 3525: 3503: 3489: 3467: 3453: 3426: 3413: 3209:Perfect digital invariant 3052: 3038: 2946: 2927: 2784:Superior highly composite 2670: 2653: 2581: 2568: 2536: 2523: 2411: 2400: 2103: 2090: 2048: 2037: 2000: 1989: 1937: 1923: 1886: 1875: 1828: 1813: 1731: 1717: 287:), which are exactly the 25:are a class of series of 2822:Euler's totient function 2606:Euler–Jacobi pseudoprime 1881:Other polynomial numbers 1105:As the sum of the first 2636:Somer–Lucas pseudoprime 2626:Lucas–Carmichael number 2461:Lazy caterer's sequence 439:Centered square numbers 203:centered square numbers 33:-gonal number contains 2511:Wedderburn–Etherington 1911:Lucky numbers of Euler 1584: 1542: 1407:Bunyakovsky conjecture 1358: 1236:The difference of the 1227: 1126: 356:), which are also the 173: 115: 53: 2799:Prime omega functions 2616:Frobenius pseudoprime 2406:Combinatorial numbers 2275:Centered dodecahedral 2068:Primary pseudoperfect 1585: 1543: 1359: 1228: 1104: 174: 116: 48: 3258:-composition related 3058:Arithmetic functions 2660:Arithmetic functions 2596:Elliptic pseudoprime 2280:Centered icosahedral 2260:Centered tetrahedral 1560: 1452: 1313: 1302:-gonal and centered 1294:-gonal and centered 1275:-gonal number plus ( 1165: 130: 72: 3184:Kaprekar's constant 2704:Colossally abundant 2591:Catalan pseudoprime 2491:Schröder–Hipparchus 2270:Centered octahedral 2146:Centered heptagonal 2136:Centered pentagonal 2126:Centered triangular 1726:and related numbers 1122:− (n−1) 64:times the previous 3602:Mathematics portal 3544:Aronson's sequence 3290:Smarandache–Wellin 3047:-dependent numbers 2754:Primitive abundant 2641:Strong pseudoprime 2631:Perrin pseudoprime 2611:Fermat pseudoprime 2551:Wolstenholme prime 2375:Squared triangular 2161:Centered decagonal 2156:Centered nonagonal 2151:Centered octagonal 2141:Centered hexagonal 1660:F. Tapson (1999). 1643:Weisstein, Eric W. 1580: 1538: 1445:-gonal numbers is 1429:Sum of reciprocals 1423:triangular numbers 1354: 1248:-gonal numbers is 1223: 1127: 1117:-th hex number is 169: 111: 54: 3610: 3609: 3588: 3587: 3557: 3556: 3521: 3520: 3485: 3484: 3449: 3448: 3409: 3408: 3405: 3404: 3224: 3223: 3034: 3033: 2923: 2922: 2919: 2918: 2865:Aliquot sequences 2676:Divisor functions 2649: 2648: 2621:Lucas pseudoprime 2601:Euler pseudoprime 2586:Carmichael number 2564: 2563: 2519: 2518: 2396: 2395: 2392: 2391: 2388: 2387: 2349: 2348: 2237: 2236: 2194:Square triangular 2086: 2085: 2033: 2032: 1985: 1984: 1919: 1918: 1871: 1870: 1809: 1808: 1578: 1531: 1529: 1511: 1490: 1487: 1485: 1441:for the centered 1331: 1200: 1099: 1098: 719: 718: 436: 435: 161: 103: 66:triangular number 3630: 3623:Figurate numbers 3600: 3563: 3532:Natural language 3527: 3491: 3459:Generated via a 3455: 3415: 3320:Digit-reassembly 3285:Self-descriptive 3089: 3054: 3040: 2991:Lucas–Carmichael 2981:Harmonic divisor 2929: 2855:Sparsely totient 2830:Highly cototient 2739:Multiply perfect 2729:Highly composite 2672: 2655: 2570: 2525: 2506:Telephone number 2402: 2360: 2341:Square pyramidal 2323:Stella octangula 2248: 2114: 2105: 2097:Figurate numbers 2092: 2039: 1991: 1925: 1877: 1815: 1719: 1703: 1696: 1689: 1680: 1675: 1656: 1655: 1636: 1614: 1609: 1589: 1587: 1586: 1581: 1579: 1574: 1573: 1564: 1547: 1545: 1544: 1539: 1537: 1533: 1532: 1530: 1522: 1514: 1512: 1504: 1491: 1489: 1488: 1486: 1478: 1470: 1464: 1456: 1379:polygonal number 1363: 1361: 1360: 1355: 1332: 1327: 1326: 1317: 1232: 1230: 1229: 1224: 1201: 1196: 1188: 1183: 1182: 1125: 1095: 1090: 1085: 1080: 1074: 1069: 1064: 1059: 1054: 1048: 1043: 1038: 1033: 1028: 1023: 1017: 1012: 1007: 1002: 997: 992: 987: 981: 976: 971: 966: 961: 956: 950: 945: 940: 935: 930: 924: 919: 914: 909: 900: 895: 890: 884: 879: 874: 869: 863: 858: 853: 848: 843: 837: 832: 827: 822: 816: 811: 806: 797: 792: 786: 781: 776: 770: 765: 756: 726: 725: 715: 709: 704: 699: 693: 688: 683: 678: 673: 667: 662: 657: 652: 647: 642: 637: 631: 626: 621: 616: 611: 605: 600: 595: 589: 579: 573: 568: 563: 557: 552: 547: 542: 537: 531: 526: 521: 515: 505: 499: 494: 489: 483: 473: 443: 442: 432: 425: 418: 411: 374: 373: 369:Polygonal number 355: 342: 329: 309: 286: 270: 246: 230: 214: 198: 178: 176: 175: 170: 162: 157: 134: 120: 118: 117: 112: 104: 99: 76: 27:figurate numbers 3638: 3637: 3633: 3632: 3631: 3629: 3628: 3627: 3613: 3612: 3611: 3606: 3584: 3580:Strobogrammatic 3571: 3553: 3535: 3517: 3499: 3481: 3463: 3445: 3422: 3401: 3385: 3344:Divisor-related 3339: 3299: 3250: 3220: 3157: 3141: 3120: 3087: 3060: 3048: 3030: 2942: 2941:related numbers 2915: 2892: 2859: 2850:Perfect totient 2816: 2793: 2724:Highly abundant 2666: 2645: 2577: 2560: 2532: 2515: 2501:Stirling second 2407: 2384: 2345: 2327: 2284: 2233: 2170: 2131:Centered square 2099: 2082: 2044: 2029: 1996: 1981: 1933: 1932:defined numbers 1915: 1882: 1867: 1838:Double Mersenne 1824: 1805: 1727: 1713: 1711:natural numbers 1707: 1672: 1659: 1641: 1640: 1621: 1618: 1617: 1610: 1606: 1601: 1565: 1558: 1557: 1502: 1498: 1465: 1457: 1450: 1449: 1431: 1318: 1311: 1310: 1189: 1168: 1163: 1162: 1146:copies of the ( 1132: 1118: 1109:hex numbers is 1075: 1049: 1018: 982: 951: 925: 885: 864: 838: 817: 787: 771: 724: 710: 694: 668: 632: 606: 590: 574: 558: 532: 516: 500: 484: 441: 401: 399: 394: 392: 387: 385: 380: 378: 347: 334: 321: 312:perfect numbers 301: 278: 262: 238: 222: 206: 190: 135: 128: 127: 77: 70: 69: 43: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3636: 3634: 3626: 3625: 3615: 3614: 3608: 3607: 3605: 3604: 3593: 3590: 3589: 3586: 3585: 3583: 3582: 3576: 3573: 3572: 3566: 3559: 3558: 3555: 3554: 3552: 3551: 3546: 3540: 3537: 3536: 3530: 3523: 3522: 3519: 3518: 3516: 3515: 3513:Sorting number 3510: 3508:Pancake number 3504: 3501: 3500: 3494: 3487: 3486: 3483: 3482: 3480: 3479: 3474: 3468: 3465: 3464: 3458: 3451: 3450: 3447: 3446: 3444: 3443: 3438: 3433: 3427: 3424: 3423: 3420:Binary numbers 3418: 3411: 3410: 3407: 3406: 3403: 3402: 3400: 3399: 3393: 3391: 3387: 3386: 3384: 3383: 3378: 3373: 3368: 3363: 3358: 3353: 3347: 3345: 3341: 3340: 3338: 3337: 3332: 3327: 3322: 3317: 3311: 3309: 3301: 3300: 3298: 3297: 3292: 3287: 3282: 3277: 3272: 3267: 3261: 3259: 3252: 3251: 3249: 3248: 3247: 3246: 3235: 3233: 3230:P-adic numbers 3226: 3225: 3222: 3221: 3219: 3218: 3217: 3216: 3206: 3201: 3196: 3191: 3186: 3181: 3176: 3171: 3165: 3163: 3159: 3158: 3156: 3155: 3149: 3147: 3146:Coding-related 3143: 3142: 3140: 3139: 3134: 3128: 3126: 3122: 3121: 3119: 3118: 3113: 3108: 3103: 3097: 3095: 3086: 3085: 3084: 3083: 3081:Multiplicative 3078: 3067: 3065: 3050: 3049: 3045:Numeral system 3043: 3036: 3035: 3032: 3031: 3029: 3028: 3023: 3018: 3013: 3008: 3003: 2998: 2993: 2988: 2983: 2978: 2973: 2968: 2963: 2958: 2953: 2947: 2944: 2943: 2932: 2925: 2924: 2921: 2920: 2917: 2916: 2914: 2913: 2908: 2902: 2900: 2894: 2893: 2891: 2890: 2885: 2880: 2875: 2869: 2867: 2861: 2860: 2858: 2857: 2852: 2847: 2842: 2837: 2835:Highly totient 2832: 2826: 2824: 2818: 2817: 2815: 2814: 2809: 2803: 2801: 2795: 2794: 2792: 2791: 2786: 2781: 2776: 2771: 2766: 2761: 2756: 2751: 2746: 2741: 2736: 2731: 2726: 2721: 2716: 2711: 2706: 2701: 2696: 2691: 2689:Almost perfect 2686: 2680: 2678: 2668: 2667: 2658: 2651: 2650: 2647: 2646: 2644: 2643: 2638: 2633: 2628: 2623: 2618: 2613: 2608: 2603: 2598: 2593: 2588: 2582: 2579: 2578: 2573: 2566: 2565: 2562: 2561: 2559: 2558: 2553: 2548: 2543: 2537: 2534: 2533: 2528: 2521: 2520: 2517: 2516: 2514: 2513: 2508: 2503: 2498: 2496:Stirling first 2493: 2488: 2483: 2478: 2473: 2468: 2463: 2458: 2453: 2448: 2443: 2438: 2433: 2428: 2423: 2418: 2412: 2409: 2408: 2405: 2398: 2397: 2394: 2393: 2390: 2389: 2386: 2385: 2383: 2382: 2377: 2372: 2366: 2364: 2357: 2351: 2350: 2347: 2346: 2344: 2343: 2337: 2335: 2329: 2328: 2326: 2325: 2320: 2315: 2310: 2305: 2300: 2294: 2292: 2286: 2285: 2283: 2282: 2277: 2272: 2267: 2262: 2256: 2254: 2245: 2239: 2238: 2235: 2234: 2232: 2231: 2226: 2221: 2216: 2211: 2206: 2201: 2196: 2191: 2186: 2180: 2178: 2172: 2171: 2169: 2168: 2163: 2158: 2153: 2148: 2143: 2138: 2133: 2128: 2122: 2120: 2111: 2101: 2100: 2095: 2088: 2087: 2084: 2083: 2081: 2080: 2075: 2070: 2065: 2060: 2055: 2049: 2046: 2045: 2042: 2035: 2034: 2031: 2030: 2028: 2027: 2022: 2017: 2012: 2007: 2001: 1998: 1997: 1994: 1987: 1986: 1983: 1982: 1980: 1979: 1974: 1969: 1964: 1959: 1954: 1949: 1944: 1938: 1935: 1934: 1928: 1921: 1920: 1917: 1916: 1914: 1913: 1908: 1903: 1898: 1893: 1887: 1884: 1883: 1880: 1873: 1872: 1869: 1868: 1866: 1865: 1860: 1855: 1850: 1845: 1840: 1835: 1829: 1826: 1825: 1818: 1811: 1810: 1807: 1806: 1804: 1803: 1798: 1793: 1788: 1783: 1778: 1773: 1768: 1763: 1758: 1753: 1748: 1743: 1738: 1732: 1729: 1728: 1722: 1715: 1714: 1708: 1706: 1705: 1698: 1691: 1683: 1677: 1676: 1671:0-19-914-567-9 1670: 1657: 1638: 1616: 1615: 1603: 1602: 1600: 1597: 1596: 1595: 1577: 1572: 1568: 1554: 1553: 1536: 1528: 1525: 1520: 1517: 1510: 1507: 1501: 1497: 1494: 1484: 1481: 1476: 1473: 1468: 1463: 1460: 1430: 1427: 1415:square numbers 1385:is the second 1365: 1364: 1353: 1350: 1347: 1344: 1341: 1338: 1335: 1330: 1325: 1321: 1234: 1233: 1222: 1219: 1216: 1213: 1210: 1207: 1204: 1199: 1195: 1192: 1186: 1181: 1178: 1175: 1171: 1131: 1128: 1097: 1096: 903: 901: 800: 798: 759: 757: 749: 748: 745: 742: 739: 736: 733: 730: 723: 720: 717: 716: 583: 582:    580: 509: 508:    506: 477: 476:    474: 466: 465: 462: 461:    459: 456: 455:    453: 450: 449:    447: 440: 437: 434: 433: 426: 419: 412: 404: 403: 396: 389: 382: 362: 361: 344: 331: 315: 295: 272: 256: 232: 216: 200: 168: 165: 160: 156: 153: 150: 147: 144: 141: 138: 110: 107: 102: 98: 95: 92: 89: 86: 83: 80: 56:Each centered 42: 39: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3635: 3624: 3621: 3620: 3618: 3603: 3599: 3595: 3594: 3591: 3581: 3578: 3577: 3574: 3569: 3564: 3560: 3550: 3547: 3545: 3542: 3541: 3538: 3533: 3528: 3524: 3514: 3511: 3509: 3506: 3505: 3502: 3497: 3492: 3488: 3478: 3475: 3473: 3470: 3469: 3466: 3462: 3456: 3452: 3442: 3439: 3437: 3434: 3432: 3429: 3428: 3425: 3421: 3416: 3412: 3398: 3395: 3394: 3392: 3388: 3382: 3379: 3377: 3374: 3372: 3371:Polydivisible 3369: 3367: 3364: 3362: 3359: 3357: 3354: 3352: 3349: 3348: 3346: 3342: 3336: 3333: 3331: 3328: 3326: 3323: 3321: 3318: 3316: 3313: 3312: 3310: 3307: 3302: 3296: 3293: 3291: 3288: 3286: 3283: 3281: 3278: 3276: 3273: 3271: 3268: 3266: 3263: 3262: 3260: 3257: 3253: 3245: 3242: 3241: 3240: 3237: 3236: 3234: 3231: 3227: 3215: 3212: 3211: 3210: 3207: 3205: 3202: 3200: 3197: 3195: 3192: 3190: 3187: 3185: 3182: 3180: 3177: 3175: 3172: 3170: 3167: 3166: 3164: 3160: 3154: 3151: 3150: 3148: 3144: 3138: 3135: 3133: 3130: 3129: 3127: 3125:Digit product 3123: 3117: 3114: 3112: 3109: 3107: 3104: 3102: 3099: 3098: 3096: 3094: 3090: 3082: 3079: 3077: 3074: 3073: 3072: 3069: 3068: 3066: 3064: 3059: 3055: 3051: 3046: 3041: 3037: 3027: 3024: 3022: 3019: 3017: 3014: 3012: 3009: 3007: 3004: 3002: 2999: 2997: 2994: 2992: 2989: 2987: 2984: 2982: 2979: 2977: 2974: 2972: 2969: 2967: 2964: 2962: 2961:ErdƑs–Nicolas 2959: 2957: 2954: 2952: 2949: 2948: 2945: 2940: 2936: 2930: 2926: 2912: 2909: 2907: 2904: 2903: 2901: 2899: 2895: 2889: 2886: 2884: 2881: 2879: 2876: 2874: 2871: 2870: 2868: 2866: 2862: 2856: 2853: 2851: 2848: 2846: 2843: 2841: 2838: 2836: 2833: 2831: 2828: 2827: 2825: 2823: 2819: 2813: 2810: 2808: 2805: 2804: 2802: 2800: 2796: 2790: 2787: 2785: 2782: 2780: 2779:Superabundant 2777: 2775: 2772: 2770: 2767: 2765: 2762: 2760: 2757: 2755: 2752: 2750: 2747: 2745: 2742: 2740: 2737: 2735: 2732: 2730: 2727: 2725: 2722: 2720: 2717: 2715: 2712: 2710: 2707: 2705: 2702: 2700: 2697: 2695: 2692: 2690: 2687: 2685: 2682: 2681: 2679: 2677: 2673: 2669: 2665: 2661: 2656: 2652: 2642: 2639: 2637: 2634: 2632: 2629: 2627: 2624: 2622: 2619: 2617: 2614: 2612: 2609: 2607: 2604: 2602: 2599: 2597: 2594: 2592: 2589: 2587: 2584: 2583: 2580: 2576: 2571: 2567: 2557: 2554: 2552: 2549: 2547: 2544: 2542: 2539: 2538: 2535: 2531: 2526: 2522: 2512: 2509: 2507: 2504: 2502: 2499: 2497: 2494: 2492: 2489: 2487: 2484: 2482: 2479: 2477: 2474: 2472: 2469: 2467: 2464: 2462: 2459: 2457: 2454: 2452: 2449: 2447: 2444: 2442: 2439: 2437: 2434: 2432: 2429: 2427: 2424: 2422: 2419: 2417: 2414: 2413: 2410: 2403: 2399: 2381: 2378: 2376: 2373: 2371: 2368: 2367: 2365: 2361: 2358: 2356: 2355:4-dimensional 2352: 2342: 2339: 2338: 2336: 2334: 2330: 2324: 2321: 2319: 2316: 2314: 2311: 2309: 2306: 2304: 2301: 2299: 2296: 2295: 2293: 2291: 2287: 2281: 2278: 2276: 2273: 2271: 2268: 2266: 2265:Centered cube 2263: 2261: 2258: 2257: 2255: 2253: 2249: 2246: 2244: 2243:3-dimensional 2240: 2230: 2227: 2225: 2222: 2220: 2217: 2215: 2212: 2210: 2207: 2205: 2202: 2200: 2197: 2195: 2192: 2190: 2187: 2185: 2182: 2181: 2179: 2177: 2173: 2167: 2164: 2162: 2159: 2157: 2154: 2152: 2149: 2147: 2144: 2142: 2139: 2137: 2134: 2132: 2129: 2127: 2124: 2123: 2121: 2119: 2115: 2112: 2110: 2109:2-dimensional 2106: 2102: 2098: 2093: 2089: 2079: 2076: 2074: 2071: 2069: 2066: 2064: 2061: 2059: 2056: 2054: 2053:Nonhypotenuse 2051: 2050: 2047: 2040: 2036: 2026: 2023: 2021: 2018: 2016: 2013: 2011: 2008: 2006: 2003: 2002: 1999: 1992: 1988: 1978: 1975: 1973: 1970: 1968: 1965: 1963: 1960: 1958: 1955: 1953: 1950: 1948: 1945: 1943: 1940: 1939: 1936: 1931: 1926: 1922: 1912: 1909: 1907: 1904: 1902: 1899: 1897: 1894: 1892: 1889: 1888: 1885: 1878: 1874: 1864: 1861: 1859: 1856: 1854: 1851: 1849: 1846: 1844: 1841: 1839: 1836: 1834: 1831: 1830: 1827: 1822: 1816: 1812: 1802: 1799: 1797: 1794: 1792: 1791:Perfect power 1789: 1787: 1784: 1782: 1781:Seventh power 1779: 1777: 1774: 1772: 1769: 1767: 1764: 1762: 1759: 1757: 1754: 1752: 1749: 1747: 1744: 1742: 1739: 1737: 1734: 1733: 1730: 1725: 1720: 1716: 1712: 1704: 1699: 1697: 1692: 1690: 1685: 1684: 1681: 1673: 1667: 1663: 1658: 1653: 1652: 1647: 1644: 1639: 1634: 1631: 1628: 1627:Simon Plouffe 1624: 1620: 1619: 1613: 1608: 1605: 1598: 1593: 1575: 1570: 1566: 1556: 1555: 1551: 1534: 1526: 1523: 1518: 1515: 1508: 1505: 1499: 1495: 1492: 1482: 1479: 1474: 1471: 1466: 1461: 1458: 1448: 1447: 1446: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1428: 1426: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1412: 1409:). Since all 1408: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1392: 1388: 1384: 1380: 1376: 1373: 1368: 1351: 1348: 1342: 1339: 1336: 1328: 1323: 1319: 1309: 1308: 1307: 1305: 1301: 1297: 1293: 1289: 1285: 1280: 1278: 1274: 1270: 1266: 1263:-th centered 1262: 1257: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1240:-th and the ( 1239: 1220: 1217: 1211: 1208: 1205: 1197: 1193: 1190: 1184: 1179: 1176: 1173: 1169: 1161: 1160: 1159: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1129: 1124: 1121: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1103: 1094: 1089: 1084: 1079: 1073: 1068: 1063: 1058: 1053: 1047: 1042: 1037: 1032: 1027: 1022: 1016: 1011: 1006: 1001: 996: 991: 986: 980: 975: 970: 965: 960: 955: 949: 944: 939: 934: 929: 923: 918: 913: 908: 904: 902: 899: 894: 889: 883: 878: 873: 868: 862: 857: 852: 847: 842: 836: 831: 826: 821: 815: 810: 805: 801: 799: 796: 791: 785: 780: 775: 769: 764: 760: 758: 755: 751: 746: 743: 740: 737: 734: 731: 728: 727: 721: 714: 708: 703: 698: 692: 687: 682: 677: 672: 666: 661: 656: 651: 646: 641: 636: 630: 625: 620: 615: 610: 604: 599: 594: 588: 584: 581: 578: 572: 567: 562: 556: 551: 546: 541: 536: 530: 525: 520: 514: 510: 507: 504: 498: 493: 488: 482: 478: 475: 472: 468: 463: 460: 457: 454: 451: 448: 445: 438: 431: 427: 424: 420: 417: 413: 410: 406: 405: 397: 390: 383: 376: 372: 370: 365: 359: 354: 350: 345: 341: 337: 332: 328: 324: 319: 316: 313: 308: 304: 299: 296: 293: 290: 285: 281: 276: 273: 269: 265: 260: 257: 254: 250: 245: 241: 236: 233: 229: 225: 220: 217: 213: 209: 204: 201: 197: 193: 188: 185: 184: 183: 180: 166: 163: 158: 151: 148: 145: 139: 136: 124: 108: 105: 100: 93: 90: 87: 81: 78: 67: 63: 59: 51: 47: 40: 38: 36: 32: 28: 24: 19: 3335:Transposable 3199:Narcissistic 3106:Digital root 3026:Super-Poulet 2986:Jordan–PĂłlya 2935:prime factor 2840:Noncototient 2807:Almost prime 2789:Superperfect 2764:Refactorable 2759:Quasiperfect 2734:Hyperperfect 2575:Pseudoprimes 2546:Wall–Sun–Sun 2481:Ordered Bell 2451:Fuss–Catalan 2363:non-centered 2313:Dodecahedral 2290:non-centered 2176:non-centered 2117: 2078:Wolstenholme 1823:× 2 ± 1 1820: 1819:Of the form 1786:Eighth power 1766:Fourth power 1661: 1649: 1637:: Fig. M3826 1633: 1630: 1607: 1591: 1549: 1442: 1432: 1402: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1386: 1382: 1377:cannot be a 1374: 1372:prime number 1369: 1366: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1290:, 1 is both 1287: 1283: 1281: 1276: 1272: 1271:-th regular 1268: 1264: 1260: 1258: 1253: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1235: 1155: 1154:th centered 1151: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1138:th centered 1135: 1133: 1123: 1119: 1114: 1110: 1106: 366: 363: 358:star numbers 252: 248: 181: 122: 61: 57: 55: 34: 30: 22: 20: 18: 3356:Extravagant 3351:Equidigital 3306:permutation 3265:Palindromic 3239:Automorphic 3137:Sum-product 3116:Sum-product 3071:Persistence 2966:ErdƑs–Woods 2888:Untouchable 2769:Semiperfect 2719:Hemiperfect 2380:Tesseractic 2318:Icosahedral 2298:Tetrahedral 2229:Dodecagonal 1930:Recursively 1801:Prime power 1776:Sixth power 1771:Fifth power 1751:Power of 10 1709:Classes of 1623:Neil Sloane 1439:reciprocals 364:and so on. 3568:Graphemics 3441:Pernicious 3295:Undulating 3270:Pandigital 3244:Trimorphic 2845:Nontotient 2694:Arithmetic 2308:Octahedral 2209:Heptagonal 2199:Pentagonal 2184:Triangular 2025:SierpiƄski 1947:Jacobsthal 1746:Power of 3 1741:Power of 2 1599:References 1417:, and all 1370:Whereas a 393:pentagonal 379:triangular 3325:Parasitic 3174:Factorion 3101:Digit sum 3093:Digit sum 2911:Fortunate 2898:Primorial 2812:Semiprime 2749:Practical 2714:Descartes 2709:Deficient 2699:Betrothed 2541:Wieferich 2370:Pentatope 2333:pyramidal 2224:Decagonal 2219:Nonagonal 2214:Octagonal 2204:Hexagonal 2063:Practical 2010:Congruent 1942:Fibonacci 1906:Loeschian 1651:MathWorld 1567:π 1519:− 1506:π 1496:⁡ 1475:− 1462:π 1421:are also 1413:are also 1340:− 1209:− 400:hexagonal 314:except 6, 3617:Category 3397:Friedman 3330:Primeval 3275:Repdigit 3232:-related 3179:Kaprekar 3153:Meertens 3076:Additive 3063:dynamics 2971:Friendly 2883:Sociable 2873:Amicable 2684:Abundant 2664:dynamics 2486:Schröder 2476:Narayana 2446:Eulerian 2436:Delannoy 2431:Dedekind 2252:centered 2118:centered 2005:Amenable 1962:Narayana 1952:Leonardo 1848:Mersenne 1796:Powerful 1736:Achilles 1629:(1995). 1130:Formulas 398:centered 391:centered 384:centered 377:centered 121:, where 41:Examples 3570:related 3534:related 3498:related 3496:Sorting 3381:Vampire 3366:Harshad 3308:related 3280:Repunit 3194:Lychrel 3169:Dudeney 3021:StĂžrmer 3016:Sphenic 3001:Regular 2939:divisor 2878:Perfect 2774:Sublime 2744:Perfect 2471:Motzkin 2426:Catalan 1967:Padovan 1901:Leyland 1896:Idoneal 1891:Hilbert 1863:Woodall 402:number 395:number 388:number 381:number 353:A003154 351::  340:A069125 338::  327:A062786 325::  307:A060544 305::  292:squares 284:A016754 282::  268:A069099 266::  244:A003215 242::  228:A005891 226::  212:A001844 210::  196:A005448 194::  3436:Odious 3361:Frugal 3315:Cyclic 3304:Digit- 3011:Smooth 2996:Pronic 2956:Cyclic 2933:Other 2906:Euclid 2556:Wilson 2530:Primes 2189:Square 2058:Polite 2020:Riesel 2015:Knödel 1977:Perrin 1858:Thabit 1843:Fermat 1833:Cullen 1756:Square 1724:Powers 1668:  1625:& 1113:, the 386:square 3477:Prime 3472:Lucky 3461:sieve 3390:Other 3376:Smith 3256:Digit 3214:Happy 3189:Keith 3162:Other 3006:Rough 2976:Giuga 2441:Euler 2303:Cubic 1957:Lucas 1853:Proth 1590:, if 1548:, if 1397:≠ 8, 1393:≄ 3, 1279:-1). 1256:+1). 255:− 1), 50:Proof 3431:Evil 3111:Self 3061:and 2951:Blum 2662:and 2466:Lobb 2421:Cake 2416:Bell 2166:Star 2073:Ulam 1972:Pell 1761:Cube 1666:ISBN 1433:The 1259:The 349:OEIS 336:OEIS 323:OEIS 303:OEIS 280:OEIS 264:OEIS 240:OEIS 224:OEIS 208:OEIS 192:OEIS 21:The 3549:Ban 2937:or 2456:Lah 1594:= 8 1552:≠ 8 1493:tan 1437:of 1435:sum 747:37 464:25 458:13 289:odd 251:− ( 3619:: 1648:. 1252:(2 1221:1. 741:19 452:5 446:1 371:. 343:), 330:), 271:), 231:), 215:), 199:), 179:. 1821:a 1702:e 1695:t 1688:v 1674:. 1654:. 1592:k 1576:8 1571:2 1550:k 1535:) 1527:k 1524:8 1516:1 1509:2 1500:( 1483:k 1480:8 1472:1 1467:k 1459:2 1443:k 1403:k 1399:k 1395:k 1391:k 1387:p 1383:p 1375:p 1352:1 1349:+ 1346:) 1343:1 1337:k 1334:( 1329:2 1324:2 1320:k 1304:k 1300:k 1296:k 1292:k 1288:k 1284:k 1277:n 1273:k 1269:n 1265:k 1261:n 1254:n 1250:k 1246:k 1242:n 1238:n 1218:+ 1215:) 1212:1 1206:n 1203:( 1198:2 1194:n 1191:k 1185:= 1180:n 1177:, 1174:k 1170:C 1156:k 1152:n 1148:n 1144:k 1140:k 1136:n 1120:n 1115:n 1111:n 1107:n 735:7 729:1 360:, 294:, 253:n 249:n 167:1 164:+ 159:2 155:) 152:1 149:+ 146:n 143:( 140:n 137:4 123:n 109:1 106:+ 101:2 97:) 94:1 91:+ 88:n 85:( 82:n 79:k 62:k 58:k 35:k 31:k

Index

figurate numbers

Proof
triangular number
centered triangular numbers
OEIS
A005448
centered square numbers
OEIS
A001844
centered pentagonal numbers
OEIS
A005891
centered hexagonal numbers
OEIS
A003215
centered heptagonal numbers
OEIS
A069099
centered octagonal numbers
OEIS
A016754
odd
squares
centered nonagonal numbers
OEIS
A060544
perfect numbers
centered decagonal numbers
OEIS

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