246:
76:
22:
333:
241:
on the sale of the house, and since they all later left him legacies (in total by 1820, £250 and £30 a year), they may well have encouraged their friends to buy coal from him. In the phrase of the day, he had "connections". In addition, it is probably no coincidence that the
Phillipps' estate at
236:
Following the deaths of Sir John in 1764, and his wife in 1788, and the sale of
Norbiton Place by their son, Picton used a legacy of £100 from Lady Phillipps to set up in business as a coal merchant in nearby Kingston. The move from servant to tradesman was a common one; Picton was presumably
340:
Picton left a portrait of himself in his will (along with several other paintings), but its whereabouts is not known. It emerged in 2007 that the portrait of Picton depicted in a mural of
Kingston's history, commissioned by the Council, was actually of either
227:
of 1772 (when Picton was in his late teens), which ruled that no person could be a slave in
England itself. By the time of the case, most black servants seem already to have been regarded and treated as free, at least by the time they reached adulthood.
280:
for the same offence. Picton appealed the decision using the services of a London attorney, who challenged the conviction on the grounds that the magistrate's record of the year of the offence was incorrectly recorded. The
316:
Picton was successful in business and became rich. While this was in contrast to the majority of black people in
Britain at the time, some did achieve status and prosperity, for example the writer and abolitionist
876:
237:
well-known to the owners and upper servants of the many large houses in the area after nearly thirty years at
Norbiton. The three unmarried Phillipps daughters had moved to nearby
289:" and not material to the validity of the case, so the conviction was upheld. Picton's race was not mentioned in either the judgement or the report of the appeal that appeared in
527:
206:, which was then a significant site for mining coal. It is possible that he chose this particular surname as a result of his short residence at Picton Castle from summer 1762.
187:
896:
242:
Picton was a centre of coal mining; he may well have sourced his supplies from them, to mutual advantage, and perhaps had already been involved in managing their affairs.
792:
300:, perhaps marking his retirement aged 52 from active trade. He was by then described in deeds as a "gentleman" and by 1816 he bought a house with a large garden in
906:
272:
with an unlicensed gun and fined five pounds. The fine was relatively trivial for Picton and someone of lower social status may have faced execution or
871:
190:; they have a favourite black, who has been with them a great many years and is remarkably sensible", "sensible" at this period meaning "possessing
305:
845:
730:
329:. Other successful black businessmen worked as publicans and lodging-house keepers, providing some evidence of black upward social mobility.
886:
574:
757:
522:
816:
673:
467:
354:
282:
722:
414:) held that Charlotte Howe, a former slave, was not entitled to pay for her previous work, in the absence of a specific contract.
668:
462:
261:. Picton lived here for the first years of his business, initially renting, but in 1795 buying it and other property including a
695:
557:
550:
891:
141:
83:
52:
626:
776:
217:
was ambiguous when Picton arrived, but they were certainly not regarded or treated in the same way as enslaved people in
901:
881:
113:
47:, he was presumably enslaved by the time he was about six years old. He was subsequently brought to England by a
713:
642:
129:
402:
During Picton's time in
Kingston, the area also gave rise to a significant legal case related to slavery in
175:
91:
140:
by the age of six and brought him back to
England. The officer gave him to the Welsh politician and lawyer
277:
210:
67:. Picton eventually left the Philipps' family service and became a wealthy coal merchant in Kingston.
866:
861:
428:
273:
254:
238:
121:
60:
182:
style. He quickly became a favourite of the family, especially
Elizabeth. When Picton was about 33,
796:
761:
630:
411:
385:
125:
117:
364:
status; the
Kingston High Street one is Grade II* and the Thames Ditton one is II. Both display
223:
136:
officer, serving as part of the occupational force, purchased a young boy who had been sold into
829:
812:
726:
718:
609:
591:
137:
664:
647:
458:
290:
194:". He had clearly achieved an unusual status in the household. Picton took his surname from
780:
561:
531:
361:
346:
342:
326:
318:
245:
218:
109:
75:
308:. He was evidently a very large man as a four-wheeled trolley was needed for the coffin.
159:
After his baptism, the Philipps family arranged for Picton to enter their household as a
518:
423:
407:
332:
183:
160:
87:
349:. He is not known to have married, and all his bequests were to friends, including 16
855:
350:
301:
214:
199:
195:
156:
and christened "Cesar". He would not adopt the surname 'Picton' until later in life.
699:
554:
494:
258:
133:
48:
21:
808:
396:
365:
191:
51:
officer in 1761 and given as a servant to the Anglo-Welsh politician and lawyer
44:
40:
495:"PICTON, CESAR (c. 1755 - 1836), coal merchant | Dictionary of Welsh Biography"
304:
for an above-average £4,000. He died in 1836 at the age of 81 and is buried in
773:
286:
105:
79:
793:
Africans in Georgian London: Cesar Picton and his World in Film and Records
575:"The Black Must Be Discharged – The Abolitionists' Debt to Lord Mansfield"
360:
Both his former homes, in Kingston High Street and in Thames Ditton, have
296:
In 1807 Picton let his Kingston properties and moved to a rented house in
297:
269:
171:
145:
56:
322:
153:
152:. Philipps, along with his wife Elizabeth, arranged for the boy to be
179:
167:
164:
64:
610:
Reports of Cases Argued and Determined in the Court of King’s Bench
331:
262:
244:
203:
186:
wrote in a letter of 1788: "I was in Kingston with the sisters of
74:
20:
149:
463:"Picton House, Kingston upon Thames (Grade II*) (1080069)"
353:. Although Picton lived through the main period of the British
714:
Reconstructing the Black past: Blacks in Britain, c. 1780–1830
524:
2451. To the Countess of Ossory, Strawberry Hill, 19 Oct. 1788
97:
The person who would become known as Cesar Picton was born
25:
Plaque on Picton House, Kingston, summarising Picton's life
596:. Victoria County History, London, 1911. pp. 501–516.
265:
onto the Thames for unloading the coal, and a malthouse.
696:
Cesar Picton, A Black Merchant In 18th Century Kingston
669:"Picton House, Thames Ditton (Grade II) (1190732)"
536:
The Letters of Horace Walpole, Fourth Earl of Orford
120:led to Senegambia, which was a major region of the
877:Burials at All Saints Church, Kingston upon Thames
376:between 1981 and 1985 when it was headquarters of
391:Picton is a character in the children's novel
221:. The situation was clarified considerably by
633:. 15 April 2015. Retrieved 11 September 2015.
453:
451:
449:
447:
445:
443:
429:Black British people, 17th and 18th centuries
8:
811:(4 October 2007). Jupiter Williams. Hodder.
783:Amari Plastics. Retrieved 17 September 2015.
372:, although the Kingston building was called
593:A History of the County of Surrey: Volume 3
144:in November 1761 along with the gifts of a
897:Senegalese emigrants to the United Kingdom
357:movement, no involvement by him is known.
702:on 8 January 2007. Retrieved 3 June 2007.
564:on 15 July 2004. Retrieved 25 March 2007.
541:(London: Richard Bentley ad Son). p. 107.
253:His original premises at 52 High Street,
439:
306:All Saints Church, Kingston upon Thames
627:Cesar Picton’s Conviction for Poaching
7:
489:
487:
485:
907:18th-century English businesspeople
717:, (reprint), Routledge. pp. 5, 77.
202:, the Philipps's country estate in
758:"Cesar Picton, Slave to Gentleman"
674:National Heritage List for England
468:National Heritage List for England
380:A meeting and reception room, the
39:– 1836) was a British merchant of
14:
268:In 1801 Picton was convicted for
872:People from Kingston upon Thames
830:R v Inhabitants of Thames Ditton
404:R v Inhabitants of Thames Ditton
521:(1891). Cunningham, Peter, ed.
142:Sir John Philipps, 6th Baronet
84:Sir John Philipps, 6th Baronet
53:Sir John Philipps, 6th Baronet
1:
799:. Retrieved 10 September 2015
98:
33:
887:Black British former slaves
573:Usherwood, Stephen. (1981)
16:British merchant (1755–1836
923:
742:I came, I saw, I blundered
700:Archived from the original
607:East, Edward Hyde (1817).
580:Volume: 31 Issue: 3. 1981.
555:Archived from the original
114:British capture of Senegal
833:(1785) 99 ER 891. p. 300.
410:(previously the judge in
651:. 4 February 1802. p. 3.
388:is named in his honour.
130:Kingdom of Great Britain
108:, mostly likely into an
653:(subscription required)
779:24 August 2015 at the
711:*Myers, Norma (1996).
629:. History department,
598:Accessed 30 March 2020
551:"Archaeology in Wales"
337:
250:
249:Picton House, Kingston
232:Tradesman to gentleman
211:legal status of slaves
94:
26:
892:British former slaves
746:The Kingston Informer
616:(second ed.). p. 198.
590:Malden, H.E. (1911).
366:commemorative plaques
336:Cesar Picton memorial
335:
248:
78:
24:
560:4 April 2007 at the
530:4 March 2016 at the
285:held that this was "
255:Kingston Upon Thames
122:Atlantic slave trade
90:after a portrait by
61:Kingston upon Thames
902:18th-century slaves
846:Jane Austen's World
797:Kingston University
774:Our History | Amari
762:Your Local Guardian
744:page 1 lead story,
631:Kingston University
386:Kingston University
378:Amari Plastics Ltd.
368:, and are known as
55:, mostly living in
643:"Law Intelligence"
625:Chater, Kathleen.
338:
251:
224:Somerset v Stewart
95:
27:
882:English merchants
848:feature on Picton
731:978-0-7146-4575-9
43:descent. Born in
914:
834:
826:
820:
806:
800:
790:
784:
771:
765:
764:. 31 March 2012.
755:
749:
748:, 23 March 2007.
739:
733:
709:
703:
692:
686:
685:
683:
681:
665:Historic England
661:
655:
654:
648:The Morning Post
640:
634:
623:
617:
605:
599:
597:
587:
581:
571:
565:
548:
542:
516:
510:
509:
507:
505:
491:
480:
479:
477:
475:
459:Historic England
455:
412:Somersett's Case
393:Jupiter Williams
291:The Morning Post
170:(which cost ten
148:and non-British
118:Seven Years' War
103:
100:
38:
35:
922:
921:
917:
916:
915:
913:
912:
911:
852:
851:
842:
837:
827:
823:
807:
803:
791:
787:
781:Wayback Machine
772:
768:
756:
752:
740:
736:
710:
706:
694:Benge, Howard.
693:
689:
679:
677:
663:
662:
658:
652:
641:
637:
624:
620:
606:
602:
589:
588:
584:
572:
568:
562:Wayback Machine
549:
545:
532:Wayback Machine
519:Walpole, Horace
517:
513:
503:
501:
499:biography.wales
493:
492:
483:
473:
471:
457:
456:
441:
437:
420:
406:of 1785, where
399:, set in 1800.
347:Ignatius Sancho
343:Olaudah Equiano
327:Ignatius Sancho
319:Olaudah Equiano
314:
257:backs onto the
234:
219:British America
213:brought to the
112:. In 1758, the
101:
73:
36:
17:
12:
11:
5:
920:
918:
910:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
869:
864:
854:
853:
850:
849:
841:
840:External links
838:
836:
835:
821:
817:978-0340944066
801:
785:
766:
750:
734:
704:
687:
656:
635:
618:
600:
582:
566:
543:
511:
481:
438:
436:
433:
432:
431:
426:
424:List of slaves
419:
416:
408:Lord Mansfield
351:mourning rings
313:
310:
274:transportation
233:
230:
184:Horace Walpole
110:Islamic family
88:John Faber Jr.
72:
69:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
919:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
859:
857:
847:
844:
843:
839:
832:
831:
825:
822:
818:
814:
810:
805:
802:
798:
794:
789:
786:
782:
778:
775:
770:
767:
763:
759:
754:
751:
747:
743:
738:
735:
732:
728:
724:
723:0-7146-4575-3
720:
716:
715:
708:
705:
701:
697:
691:
688:
676:
675:
670:
666:
660:
657:
650:
649:
644:
639:
636:
632:
628:
622:
619:
615:
612:
611:
604:
601:
595:
594:
586:
583:
579:
578:History Today
576:
570:
567:
563:
559:
556:
552:
547:
544:
540:
537:
533:
529:
526:
525:
520:
515:
512:
500:
496:
490:
488:
486:
482:
470:
469:
464:
460:
454:
452:
450:
448:
446:
444:
440:
434:
430:
427:
425:
422:
421:
417:
415:
413:
409:
405:
400:
398:
394:
389:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
358:
356:
352:
348:
344:
334:
330:
328:
324:
320:
311:
309:
307:
303:
302:Thames Ditton
299:
294:
292:
288:
284:
279:
275:
271:
266:
264:
260:
256:
247:
243:
240:
239:Hampton Court
231:
229:
226:
225:
220:
216:
215:British Isles
212:
207:
205:
201:
200:Pembrokeshire
197:
196:Picton Castle
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
166:
162:
157:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
93:
92:Thomas Hudson
89:
85:
81:
77:
70:
68:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
31:
23:
19:
828:
824:
809:Martin, S.I.
804:
788:
769:
753:
745:
741:
737:
712:
707:
690:
678:. Retrieved
672:
659:
646:
638:
621:
613:
608:
603:
592:
585:
577:
569:
546:
538:
535:
523:
514:
502:. Retrieved
498:
472:. Retrieved
466:
403:
401:
392:
390:
381:
377:
373:
370:Picton House
369:
359:
355:abolitionist
339:
315:
295:
283:King's Bench
267:
259:River Thames
252:
235:
222:
208:
188:Lord Milford
163:, clad in a
158:
134:British Army
96:
49:British Army
41:West African
30:Cesar Picton
29:
28:
18:
867:1836 deaths
862:1755 births
397:S.I. Martin
382:Picton Room
374:Amari House
325:shopkeeper
192:sensibility
116:during the
102: 1755
45:West Africa
37: 1755
856:Categories
287:surplusage
106:Senegambia
71:Early life
474:29 August
278:Australia
172:shillings
80:Mezzotint
777:Archived
558:Archived
528:Archived
418:See also
321:and the
298:Tolworth
270:poaching
176:sixpence
161:page boy
154:baptised
146:parakeet
126:occupied
124:, to be
57:Norbiton
680:15 June
504:26 July
323:Mayfair
178:) in a
138:slavery
128:by the
815:
729:
721:
362:listed
312:Legacy
180:rococo
174:and a
168:turban
165:velvet
65:Surrey
435:Notes
384:, at
263:wharf
204:Wales
86:, by
59:near
813:ISBN
727:ISBN
719:ISBN
682:2014
506:2024
476:2015
209:The
150:duck
132:. A
395:by
345:or
276:to
104:in
82:of
63:in
858::
795:.
760:.
725:,
698:.
671:.
667:.
645:.
553:.
539:IX
534:.
497:.
484:^
465:.
461:.
442:^
293:.
198:,
99:c.
34:c.
819:.
684:.
614:2
508:.
478:.
32:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
