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Cesare Battisti (militant)

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235: 1772:, informing him of the "emotion and understandable reactions" raised in his country, in public opinion and among political forces by this "grave decision". Italian Justice Minister, Angelino Alfano, has asked Brazilian authorities to reconsider this decision "in the light of international cooperation against terrorism". Lula answered Napolitano, mentioning that Genro's decision is founded on the Brazilian constitution and on the UN 1951 Convention on Refugee Status and is an act of sovereignty of Brazil. 1692:
received effective assistance during the proceedings from several lawyers specially appointed by him. Hence, the Italian and subsequently the French authorities had been entitled to conclude that the applicant had unequivocally waived his right to appear and be tried in person. The French authorities had therefore taken due account of all the circumstances of the case and of the Court's case-law in granting the extradition request made by the Italian authorities: manifestly ill-founded.
1935:, application no. 29731/96; and also article 6 of ECHR, the juridical ground of Battisti's claim against extradition, doesn't prescribe a new trial. ECHR establishes that there is not an absolute right to a new trial after a trial in absentia. Battisti's claim concerned the defendant's knowledge of the trial, and Battisti's lawyers argued that the defendant had not been in a position to know that in Italy there was a trial against him, and therefore his rights had been violated. 2168:"Considérant que la circonstance que certaines des charges retenues contre M. Battisti, et qui ont donné lieu aux condamnations précitées, reposent pour partie sur des déclarations de témoins " repentis ", n'est pas contraire à l'ordre public français et ne constitue pas une méconnaissance, par les autorités italiennes, des stipulations de l'article 6 de la convention européenne de sauvegarde des droits de l'homme et des libertés fondamentales (...)" 1206: 51: 2109:
quotation: "Nell'aprile '91 la Chambre d'Accusation lo dichiarò non estradabile in base alla dottrina Mitterrand che garantiva protezione ai latitanti per motivi politici. La magistratura francese bollò le prove a suo carico come "contraddittorie" e "degne di una giustizia militare"." Original French
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officers in Santa Cruz de La Sierra, Bolivia, and returned to Italy to start serving his sentence. On 25 March 2019, Battisti acknowledged his responsibilities in the crimes attributed to him, pleading guilty. He was imprisoned in the Costantino Satta Correctional Facility, a maximum security prison
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On 29 December 2010, unofficial reports in Italy and Brazil said President Lula was about to announce he was denying extradition of Battisti, just three days short before the end of his presidential term. The official announcement did take place on 31 December, hours before the end of Lula's time in
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On 5 February 2005, the European Parliament adopted a resolution in which it expressed its trust "that the re-examination of the decision on the extradition of Cesare Battisti will take into account the judgment delivered by an EU Member State in full compliance with the principle of the rule of law
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Until 25 March 2019, Cesare Battisti denied having committed any of the murders he had been sentenced for; on that date he admitted to the chief prosecutor of Milan (Francesco Greco) involvement in four killings. The circumstances of his sentence have been questioned. A movement claiming Battisti's
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In March 2015, a federal judge ruled null and void a decision to grant him a permanent visa as this would conflict with Brazilian law, and ordered his deportation. The judge stressed that the deportation should not be confused with extradition, as it does not require that Battisti be surrendered to
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the circumstance that some of the charges held against Mr Battisti, which led to the cited sentences, are partly based on statements by "repented" witnesses, is not contrary to French public order and does not constitute an infringement by Italian authorities of the requirements of Article 6 of the
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stated on 2 July 2004 that he would not oppose the French justice system's decision to extradite him. Perben confirmed Paris' new position: "There is no ambiguity. There has been a change of attitude from France, and I support it", (in reference to the "Mitterrand doctrine"), among other reasons
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The applicant had patently been informed of the accusation against him and of the progress of the proceedings before the Italian courts, notwithstanding the fact that he had absconded. Furthermore, the applicant, who had deliberately chosen to remain on the run after escaping from prison, had
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and considers Battisti to be responsible for the shooting. "It's not about the person of Cesare Battisti," he declared to the national press agency ANSA, "It's in order that everyone understands that, sooner or later, those who have committed such serious crimes should pay for their faults."
1494:". Many Italian political activists had fled to France during the 1970s-1980s. Trusting in this declaration, Battisti returned to France in 1990, where he was arrested at Italy's request in 1991, when his sentence was confirmed in the Court of Cassation. He thus passed five months in 1761:. Battisti's request for asylum was first denied by the National Committee for Refugees, in a decision taken by simple majority. His defense appealed to the Minister of Justice, who granted in January 2009 refugee status, a decision which divided Brazilian public opinion. 1375:
The murder of Torregiani and Sabbadin had been decided upon by the PAC because both of them had previously killed left-wing militants. Torregiani was killed in revenge in front of his 13-year-old son, who was also accidentally shot by his father. The son was left
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Cesare Battisti was arrested and jailed in Italy on 26 February 1979, then sentenced to 12 and a half years in prison for participation in an "armed group" ("partecipazione a banda armata"). He was sentenced on the grounds of material evidence and
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ordered his arrest. He fled justice after this and escaped to Bolivia, where he was finally arrested on 12 January 2019. He was extradited to Italy the day after, where he is currently serving a sentence of life imprisonment.
1625:(the French Supreme Court in administrative law), ruling ultimately for Battisti's extradition, affirmed clearly that the Italian legislation did not conflict with the French principles of law. The Conseil established that: 1293:
repeal of the Mitterrand doctrine in 2002, Battisti fled to Brazil under a false identity to avoid a possible extradition, where he lived as a free man until an order of extradition issued in December 2018. He then fled to
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in The Hague. In March 2015 a federal judge ruled null and void the decision to grant him a permanency visa as it would conflict with Brazilian law, ordering his deportation. On 14 September, the sixth section of the
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and his testimony, which helped him reduce his sentence, implicated Battisti and an accomplice in the four assassinations claimed by the PAC. Battisti's trial was thus reopened in 1987, and he was sentenced
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On 10 February 2004, the French government arrested Battisti at Italy's request and planned to extradite him to Italy. On 30 June 2004, the Paris Court of Appeal approved his extradition. An appeal to the
1725:, but also stated that the Brazilian constitution gives the president personal powers to deny the extradition if he chooses to, effectively putting the final decision in the hands of Brazilian President 2823: 1462:
in 1988 for two assassinations (Santoro and DIGOS agent Campagna) and complicity in murder in the two others (jeweler Torregiani and butcher Sabbadin). The court sentenced him in 1995, on appeal, to a
1593:, among the 200 Italians involved in Court cases dealing with political violence requested by Italy, had been extradited (in August 2002). He was eventually sentenced to 22 years in prison. Minister 1514:
if that person had not been in a condition to adequately defend himself during his trial. The court also declared the evidence against Battisti as "contradictory" and "worthy of a military justice."
2621: 3273: 1265:". Battisti was sentenced to life imprisonment in Italy for four homicides (two policemen, a jeweller and a butcher). He fled first to France in 1981, where he received protection under the 2849: 3268: 1400:" (defendants who testified against their former accomplice) who benefitted from lighter sentences for their testimony. The status of "collaboratore di giustizia", also popularly known as 941: 2039: 1881:(that is, defendants testifying against other defendants in order to benefit from a reduced sentence. Those peculiar witnesses are also used by French justice, i.e. art. 132–78 French 2895: 2709: 1360:); jeweler Pierluigi Torregiani, who had shot and killed a robber in an act of self-defense (on 16 February 1979 in Milan); Lino Sabbadin, a butcher and member of the neo-fascist 2542: 1968: 1279:
and sentenced to 12 years for being a member of an armed group and for the material killing of two people and instigating another two homicides, based on testimony from
2597: 1944:(USM, the largest trade union of French judges) has supported the fairness of the Italian trial in absentia and has also confirmed the legality of Battisti's sentence. 2520: 936: 2432: 2304: 3193: 2783: 2395: 1372:
agent Andrea Campagna, who had participated in the first arrests in the Torregiani case (on 19 April 1979 in Milan). The PAC also engaged in several robberies.
1234: 507: 3253: 2104: 1927:(LDH), consider that France's decision to extradite Battisti was illegal, since Battisti would not have the right to a new trial after having been judged 3263: 2498: 512: 2809: 3258: 2935: 1873:(Battisti's French lawyers have not used this peculiar charge, the violation of article 3 ECHR, in their rejected claim to ECtHR), and the misuse of 1857:
innocence is active in the media and in public opinion (especially in France and Italy). Among the most vocal supporters of Battisti are the writers
1896:, however, claims that he should not be extradited, as he would not be granted the right to a new trial. In France, supporters of Battisti, such as 3233: 3223: 3178: 3173: 2237: 1618:
Still claiming innocence, Cesare Battisti failed to check in at the local police station while on parole, and went underground on 21 August 2004.
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Four assassinations were committed by the PAC: Antonio Santoro, a prison guard accused by the PAC of mistreatment of prisoners (on 6 June 1978 in
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On 8 June 2011, the Brazilian Supreme Court ruled that Lula's decision is final. Italian authorities announced their intention to appeal to the
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Most of public opinion in Italy disagrees with those views, and Battisti's arrest in Brazil has been commented upon favourably in the media.
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group which conducted armed struggle, and which had a "horizontal", decentralized structure, opposed to the centralist organization of the
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analysis and graphological expertises used in Italian court cases do in fact exonerate Battisti, contrary to what the courts considered.
1687:(ECtHR), in its December 2006 decision, rejected Battisti's claim that France's extradition decision was illegitimate. The Court stated: 1612: 1486:
had indicated that "leftist Italian activists who were not indicted for violent crimes and had given up terrorist activity would not be
903: 878: 3228: 1713:, in a controversial decision which was much criticized in Italy, even in Brazil and the international press. On 5 February 2009, the 1536:
In 1997, jointly with other left-wing Italians who had fled to France and were accused of taking part in violent crimes, he asked the
961: 579: 1611:"except in case of exceptional gravity"; facts between 1982 and 1993 would be "examined on a case-by-case basis", in function of the 2201: 1901: 1635: 1529:("Good wave"), took as their setting and backdrop the Parisian world of Italian fugitives from justice. Another major novel, titled 524: 2416: 2374: 1869:. They consider that the trials conducted in Italy were marked by irregularities. These alleged irregularities involved the use of 1729:. On 31 December 2010, on Lula's last effective day as president, the decision not to allow extradition was officially announced. 3188: 2761: 1338: 1251: 1227: 1005: 978: 921: 898: 544: 31: 2980: 1717:
adopted a resolution in support of Italy and held a minute of silence in memory to Battisti's victims. On 18 November 2009, the
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of the First Region (seated in BrasĂ­lia) declared the deportation of Battisti illegal. In December 2018, Brazilian President
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had quashed, on procedural grounds, the case against Battisti's accomplice, who had also been accused by Pietro Mutti.
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Italy, but rather to the country from which he entered Brazil, or any other country that will agree to receive him.
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he was attending in 1971, engaged in petty crime, and then moved on to more serious offenses. In 1976, he moved to
1877:: according to Battisti's supporters, witnesses against Battisti were either affected by mental troubles, or were 2169: 1736:
after the Brazilian Constitutional Court denied Italy's request to extradite him. Italy planned to appeal to the
1622: 1599: 1589: 1567: 888: 644: 1479: 1420: 851: 534: 1676:, judicial sources declared that wiretaps suggested DSSA members had been planning to kidnap Cesare Battisti. 2285: 3288: 2341: 1742: 1361: 1295: 1050: 956: 841: 836: 379: 3168: 2932: 1841: 1483: 3067: 1750: 1718: 1436: 1262: 1010: 883: 559: 234: 3075: 2061: 1990: 1866: 1584: 1435:, and organised the first Graphic Arts Biennal in Mexico. Battisti began to write at the suggestion of 659: 519: 1649: 3163: 2119: 1608: 1541: 1148: 1075: 554: 299: 2875: 3208: 3144: 2011: 1886: 1862: 1789: 1714: 1705:
on 18 March 2007 by Brazilian and French police officers. Later, the Brazilian Minister of Justice
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for the assassination of the prison guard Santoro, was arrested in 1982. He sought the status of
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Brazil: Italy calls release of convicted terrorist 'humiliation' and pledges Intl. Court appeal
2355: 2178: 1845: 1449: 1284: 1273: 1255: 1173: 926: 754: 634: 439: 414: 359: 304: 294: 198: 2433:"Justiça decide por liberdade do ativista Cesare Battisti, condenado na Itália - Brasil - iG" 2602: 1607:, the Perben-Castelli agreement was divided in three parts: all events before 1982 would be 1594: 1210: 1179: 1163: 1158: 983: 739: 729: 686: 676: 591: 434: 424: 409: 399: 384: 344: 334: 329: 259: 50: 3071: 2939: 2735: 2630: 2420: 2399: 2378: 2329: 2308: 2272: 2206: 2147: 2130: 2084: 2043: 2015: 1972: 1905: 1897: 1784: 1780: 1710: 1672: 1153: 858: 759: 706: 569: 549: 497: 479: 429: 289: 279: 2211: 2411: 2369: 2984: 2850:"Cesare Battisti ora ammette i 4 omicidi: "Era una guerra"Perché resta un irriducibile" 1702: 1576: 1495: 1138: 1128: 1085: 1070: 1032: 973: 766: 749: 744: 649: 624: 454: 444: 404: 369: 309: 284: 274: 269: 249: 1757:
After Brazil granted him refugee status through a decision of its Minister of Justice
1427:, which is still active. He also participated in the creation of the Book Festival of 17: 3157: 1920:
right-of-center party, has called for a new trial, as have members of the left-wing.
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interview as she expressed her condolences with the families of Battisti's victims.
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After his release in 1991, Battisti lived in Paris, where he wrote his first novel,
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enacted in Italy "went against the French principles of law," which, along with the
1100: 3139: 2810:"Italian fugitive captured in Bolivia nearly three decades after murder conviction" 2696: 1746: 1639: 1346: 1055: 1020: 734: 696: 389: 364: 349: 1615:(ECHR) principle and of the "conditions in which the trials took place in Italy". 1423:, Mexico, very shortly afterwards. While in Mexico, he founded a literary review, 2077: 1349:(BR). The organization, which counted approximately 60 members, had its roots in 2928: 2900: 2598:"Senador italiano defende "boicote turĂ­stico" ao Brasil apĂłs asilo a terrorista" 1858: 1776: 1758: 1722: 1706: 1487: 1065: 951: 691: 681: 449: 339: 324: 1793:
that Bruni herself asked Lula to refuge Battisti. Bruni denied this claim on a
2521:"Fux manda prender Cesare Battisti e abre caminho para extradição do italiano" 1377: 1133: 1095: 826: 796: 791: 701: 619: 564: 2455:"Leia acórdão de decisão que assegurou liberdade do italiano Cesare Battisti" 2357:
Comissão de Direitos Humanos diz que refúgio a Battisti segue a Constituição
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A Itália dos anos de chumbo e a questão do asilo político a Cesare Battisti
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European Human Rights and fundamental liberties safeguard convention (...).
1250:(born 18 December 1954) is an Italian former member of the terrorist group 2880: 2694:"Lula sparks diplomatic spat with Italy over refusal to extradite killer" 1824: 1597:
signed Persichetti's extradition decree in 1994; it was validated by the
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Carla Bruni nega participação em decisão brasileira de refugiar Battisti
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Presidente da Itália manda "carta de pesar" a Lula pelo asilo a Battisti
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Ministério da Justiça recebe abaixo-assinado apoiando refúgio a Battisti
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Criticism was also based on speculations about the influence exerted by
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group active in Italy in the late 1970s during the period known as the "
2916:"Battisti admite participação em assassinatos, mas se recusa a delatar" 1874: 1870: 1829: 1549: 1428: 1310: 1299: 1190: 2572:"Terrorista. Cesare Battisti arriva in Italia: lo aspetta l'ergastolo" 2148:
Clarisse Vernhes, « Paris prĂŞte Ă  extrader d’autres «brigadistes»
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Leia íntegra da carta do presidente Lula enviada ao governo da Itália
1733: 1660:, NATO's "stay-behind" paramilitary organization involved in Italy's 1657: 1572: 1498:
and then was freed after the extradition request was rejected by the
1365: 1330: 1254:(PAC), who is currently imprisoned after years on the run. PAC was a 664: 2784:"Cesare Battisti se casa com brasileira em cerimĂ´nia sem luxo em SP" 1510:(ECtHR), prohibited in particular extradition of a person sentenced 1904:, an "electoral feat", closely timed by the then Interior Minister 1832:; however, in 2022 he was transferred to a regular penitentiary in 1533:("Last bullets"), takes place in Italy during the "years of lead". 1447:
Pietro Mutti, one of the leaders of the PAC who had been sentenced
2933:« Cesare Battisti: A la recherche de la justice perdue Â» 1833: 1416: 1411:
PAC militants organised Battisti's escape on 4 October 1981, from
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On 12 January 2019, Battisti was arrested by an Italian team of
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In June 2015 Battisti married Joice Lima, a Brazilian citizen.
2499:"Michel Temer assina decreto de extradição de Cesare Battisti" 1794: 1634:
In July 2005, the Italian press revealed the existence of the
2543:"PolĂ­cia Federal faz buscas por Cesare Battisti em Rio Preto" 2392:
Italy to contest Battisti Brazil release: News24: World: News
2876:"Declassificato regime carcerario Battisti, detenuto comune" 2710:"STF rejeita reclamação da Itália no caso Battisti - Yahoo!" 2202:"Up to 200 Italian police 'ran parallel anti-terror force'" 1652:, two leaders of the National Union of the Police Forces ( 101:
Convicted; incarcerated at Casa Circondariale di Oristano
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Cesare Battisti conquista condição de refugiado político
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Question au gouvernement: Extradition de Cesare Battisti
2477:"TRF mantém liminar: Battisti tem liberdade assegurada" 1988:, interview with public prosecutor Armando Spataro, in 2238:"Texts adopted - Thursday, 5 February 2009 - Contents" 1900:, have called the 2007 arrest, a few weeks before the 1302:, where he was arrested in 2019 by an Italian team of 2368:Última Instância, revista jurídica. 21 January 2009. 2232: 2230: 2078:
Cesare Battisti: dire la vérité, respecter les droits
2658:"Bruni denies asked Brazil not to extradite Italian" 942:
Communist Party of Italy (Marxist–Leninist) Red Line
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Torregiani: A Cesare Battisti chiederei solo perche
1985:«La culpabilitĂ© de Battisti repose sur des preuves» 194: 186: 150: 105: 97: 89: 60: 41: 1836:. The transferring was strongly criticized by the 1721:considered the refugee status illegal and allowed 1565:was filed against this opinion and another to the 1502:on 29 May 1991. French justice concluded that the 3274:Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Italy 2896:"Cesare Battisti trasferito nel carcere di Parma" 1749:signed the order to extradite Battisti after the 3269:Italian prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment 3135:Audio interview of Battisti, by Isabelle Sommier 3066:(1999, short story anthology with works also by 2120:Richard MalliĂ©, deputy of the Bouches-du-RhĂ´ne, 1664:and various alleged activist acts. According to 2762:"JF/DF determina deportação de Cesare Battisti" 2340:Ăšltima Instância, revista jurĂ­dica. 21.012009. 2319:Centro de MĂ­dia Independente, 14 January 2009: 1627: 1808:saying Brazil breached an extradition treaty. 1636:Department of Anti-terrorism Strategic Studies 2007: 2005: 2003: 1848:) and by the families of Battisti's victims. 1228: 8: 1656:). Both claimed they were former members of 2566: 2564: 2549:(in Brazilian Portuguese). 14 December 2018 2110:quotation: "dignes d'une justice militaire" 1962:L'appello: "Battisti in Italia e in galera" 937:Communist Party of Italy (Marxist–Leninist) 1840:(particularly the right-wing to far-right 1732:Battisti was released on 9 June 2011 from 1439:and collaborated with various newspapers. 1235: 1221: 209: 49: 38: 2918:(in Brazilian Portuguese). 26 March 2019. 2298:Le Journal du Dimanche. 14 January 2008. 2091:(LDH), public statement of 17 March 2007 2017:Valerio Evangelisti rĂ©pond Ă  50 questions 1885:). Battisti's supporters also claim that 1783:, on Genro's decision. Brazilian Senator 1337:, and took part in the activities of the 140:(2015⁠–⁠2017) 123:(1983⁠–⁠1997) 1580:"because of the European construction". 2790:(in Brazilian Portuguese). 27 June 2015 2610:from the original on 26 September 2017. 1953: 1638:(DSSA), a "parallel police" created by 1521:("The shadow clothes"). Two thrillers, 874:Italian General Confederation of Labour 221: 190:Two murders, and accomplice in two more 2812:. The Globe and Mail. 13 January 2019. 1923:Defenders of Battisti, among whom the 3194:Fugitives wanted on terrorism charges 2143: 2141: 2073: 2071: 2069: 1490:to Italy"; this became known as the " 7: 2106:Cesare Battisti, no all'estradizione 1353:, a district in the south of Milan. 1321:Cesare Battisti was born in 1954 at 2699:, Friday 31 December 2010 18.54 GMT 2678:Folha de S.Paulo. 25 January 2009. 2641:Folha de S.Paulo. 23 January 2009. 2354:Folha de S.Paulo, 14 January 2009. 1613:European Convention of Human Rights 1306:officers and extradited to Italy. 27:Italian former terrorist and author 3254:Italian people convicted of murder 2736:"Italy takes extradition to Hague" 2712:. 16 December 2011. Archived from 2410:Italy Global Nation, 9 June 2011. 1313:author, having written 15 novels. 25: 3264:Prisoners and detainees of Brazil 2664:. 25 January 2009. Archived from 2620:Gazeta do Povo, 17 January 2009. 2224:(URL accessed on 22 January 2007) 1779:, spouse of the French President 1603:the following year. According to 93:1.73 m (5 ft 8 in) 3259:Italian people imprisoned abroad 2904:(in Italian). 29 September 2022. 2884:(in Italian). 29 September 2022. 1902:April 2007 presidential election 1339:Armed Proletarians for Communism 1252:Armed Proletarians for Communism 1204: 979:Movement of Unitarian Communists 922:Armed Proletarians for Communism 899:Unified Communist Party of Italy 545:Portella della Ginestra massacre 233: 2962:, 27 April 2006, Preface p. 13 2301:Battisti: BrĂ©sil, terre d'asile 932:Communist Party of Italy (2014) 575:Assassination of Sergio Ramelli 3234:21st-century Italian novelists 3224:20th-century Italian novelists 3179:People from Cisterna di Latina 3174:20th-century Italian criminals 2262:European Court of Human Rights 1941:Union syndicale des magistrats 1806:International Court of Justice 1738:International Court of Justice 1685:European Court of Human Rights 1508:European Court of Human Rights 879:Italian Marxist–Leninist Party 869:Italian Communist Party (2016) 1: 3284:People extradited from Brazil 3184:Italian expatriates in Brazil 2578:(in Italian). 14 January 2019 2200:Philips, John (5 July 2005). 1768:wrote to Brazilian President 1621:On 18 March 2005, the French 3249:People convicted in absentia 2175:"DĂ©cision du Conseil d'Etat" 1408:enacted during this period. 847:Communist Refoundation Party 787:Proletarian internationalism 172: 165: 158: 131:Joice Lima Passos dos Santos 2856:(in Italian). 25 March 2019 2830:(in Italian). 26 March 2019 1697:Arrest and asylum in Brazil 1645:New Italian Social Movement 1590:UnitĂ  Comuniste Combattenti 994:Party of Italian Communists 989:Party of the Christian Left 832:Communist Alternative Party 540:Third De Gasperi government 3305: 2057:Battisti persiste et signe 1879:collaboratori di giustizia 1709:granted him the status of 1504:anti-terrorist legislation 1455:collaboratore di giustizia 1406:anti-terrorist legislation 1397:collaboratori di giustizia 894:Trotskyist League of Italy 29: 3229:20th-century male writers 2389:news24.com, 9 June 2011. 2103:Vantaggiato, Iaia (2009) 1770:Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva 1727:Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva 1701:Battisti was arrested in 1466:. Two years earlier, the 645:Italian road to socialism 204: 182: 48: 2419:4 September 2011 at the 2210:. London. Archived from 2129:11 December 2006 at the 1680:in the European Union". 1571:against the extradition 1421:Puerto Escondido, Oaxaca 1364:(on the same date, near 1317:Youth and PAC membership 1006:Popular Democratic Front 904:Workers' Communist Party 535:Red Republic of Caulonia 508:XVII Congress of the PSI 3189:Urban guerrilla warfare 3020:Nouvel an, nouvelle vie 2629:20 January 2009 at the 2398:10 October 2018 at the 2377:15 October 2009 at the 2328:18 January 2009 at the 2307:18 January 2009 at the 1971:1 November 2013 at the 1751:Brazilian Supreme Court 1743:Regional Federal Courts 1719:Brazilian Supreme Court 1587:, former member of the 1525:("The red shadow") and 1362:Italian Social Movement 1016:Proletarian Unity Party 957:Italian Communist Party 513:I Congress of the PCd'I 380:Giangiacomo Feltrinelli 3244:Brazil–Italy relations 3239:France–Italy relations 3086:Jamais plus sans fusil 2946:, n°30 (January 2006) 2242:www.europarl.europa.eu 1894:Rifondazione Comunista 1838:centre-right coalition 1694: 1648:neofascist party, and 1632: 1385:First trial and escape 1283:. He was sentenced to 969:The Left – The Rainbow 18:Cesare Battisti (1954) 2287:The madness of asylum 2271:June 9, 2007, at the 2042:21 March 2007 at the 1689: 1437:Paco Ignacio Taibo II 1404:, was established by 1011:Proletarian Democracy 916:Defunct organisations 884:Network of Communists 816:Current organisations 3137:, 11 February 2004, 3104:Le Cargo sentimental 3058:Dernières cartouches 2978:Affaire Battisti in 2668:on 11 February 2009. 2083:11 June 2007 at the 1916:, candidate for the 1912:conservative party. 1908:, candidate for the 1819:Extradition to Italy 1542:Oscar Luigi Scalfaro 1531:Dernières cartouches 1482:President of France 1211:Communism portal 1149:Democratic socialism 555:Manifesto of the 101 300:Giuseppe Di Vittorio 30:For other uses, see 3279:Communist terrorism 3068:Jean-Jacques Busino 2938:7 July 2011 at the 2854:Corriere della Sera 2716:on 16 December 2011 2606:. 16 January 2009. 2479:. 14 September 2015 2457:. 25 September 2015 2435:. 15 September 2015 2214:on 21 November 2008 2089:Human Rights League 2012:Valerio Evangelisti 1925:Human Rights League 1863:Valerio Evangelisti 1790:Corriere della Sera 1715:European Parliament 1662:strategy of tension 1492:Mitterrand doctrine 1484:François Mitterrand 1415:prison. He fled to 1287:in 1995. After the 1267:Mitterrand doctrine 1144:Christian socialism 1081:Quaderni piacentini 822:Anticapitalist Left 630:Christian communism 615:Anarchist communism 597:Historic Compromise 585:Mitterrand doctrine 355:Pier Paolo Pasolini 320:Galvano Della Volpe 3219:Terrorism in Italy 3199:Italian communists 3098:Avenida RevoluciĂłn 3014:Les habits d'ombre 3010:Travestito da uomo 2981:"Affaire Battisti" 2523:. 13 December 2018 2501:. 14 December 2018 1933:Krombach v. France 1867:Bernard-Henri LĂ©vy 1766:Giorgio Napolitano 1764:Italian President 1563:Court of Cassation 1538:President of Italy 1519:Les Habits d'ombre 1500:Paris Appeal Court 1468:Court of Cassation 1343:autonomist Marxist 1323:Cisterna di Latina 1186:Socialism in Italy 1169:Italian neorealism 1124:Anarchism in Italy 859:Communist Struggle 782:Passive revolution 777:Organic centralism 530:Italian Resistance 525:Aventine Secession 520:Proština rebellion 465:Oliviero Diliberto 375:Giorgio Napolitano 265:Costantino Lazzari 78:Cisterna di Latina 3214:Italian assassins 3204:Anti-revisionists 3076:Jean-Bernard Pouy 2958:Cesare Battisti, 2124:, 26 October 2004 2062:Guillame Perrault 1846:Brothers of Italy 1711:political refugee 1605:RFI radio station 1585:Paolo Persichetti 1583:As of 2007, only 1552:without success. 1394:provided by two " 1245: 1244: 1174:Politics of Italy 927:Autonomia Operaia 755:Cultural hegemony 635:Council communism 440:Ernesto Screpanti 415:Fausto Bertinotti 360:Enrico Berlinguer 305:Palmiro Togliatti 295:Bruno Fortichiari 208: 207: 199:Life imprisonment 114:Laurence Battisti 16:(Redirected from 3296: 3150: 3116:L'eau du diamant 3028:(Italian title: 2997: 2996: 2994: 2992: 2983:. 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He left the 1318: 1315: 1285:life in prison 1243: 1242: 1240: 1239: 1232: 1225: 1217: 1214: 1213: 1200: 1199: 1196: 1195: 1194: 1193: 1183: 1176: 1171: 1166: 1161: 1156: 1151: 1146: 1141: 1139:Christian left 1136: 1131: 1129:Bandiera Rossa 1126: 1120: 1118:Related topics 1117: 1116: 1113: 1112: 1109: 1108: 1103: 1098: 1093: 1088: 1086:Quaderni Rossi 1083: 1078: 1073: 1071:Il Politecnico 1068: 1063: 1058: 1053: 1047: 1044: 1043: 1040: 1039: 1036: 1035: 1033:Workers' Power 1030: 1023: 1018: 1013: 1008: 1003: 1002: 1001: 991: 986: 981: 976: 974:Lotta Continua 971: 966: 965: 964: 954: 949: 944: 939: 934: 929: 924: 918: 915: 914: 911: 910: 907: 906: 901: 896: 891: 889:People's Union 886: 881: 876: 871: 866: 864:Countercurrent 861: 856: 855: 854: 844: 839: 834: 829: 824: 818: 815: 814: 811: 810: 807: 806: 799: 794: 789: 784: 779: 774: 769: 767:Euroscepticism 764: 763: 762: 752: 750:Class conflict 747: 745:Antimilitarism 742: 737: 732: 726: 723: 722: 719: 718: 715: 714: 709: 704: 699: 694: 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Index

Cesare Battisti (1954)
Cesare Battisti

Cisterna di Latina
Latina
Life imprisonment
a series
Communism
Italy

Emilio Covelli
Carlo Cafiero
Errico Malatesta
Costantino Lazzari
Luigi Galleani
Egidio Gennari
Nicola Bombacci
Amadeo Bordiga
Antonio Gramsci
Bruno Fortichiari
Giuseppe Di Vittorio
Palmiro Togliatti
Ruggero Grieco
Onorato Damen
Galvano Della Volpe
Luigi Longo
Altiero Spinelli
Alessandro Natta
Nilde Iotti
Raniero Panzieri

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