42:
145:
are mild enough to allow those affected to eventually function independently in society, others are not. Some infants, children, and adults die, others remain totally disabled, and an even larger population is partially disabled, functioning well below normal capacity throughout life.
132:
cells divide to form new generations of cells; cell migration, the process in which nerve cells move from their place of origin to the place where they will remain for life; cell differentiation, the process during which cells acquire individual characteristics; and
140:
Damage to the developing nervous system is a major cause of chronic, disabling disorders and, sometimes, death in infants, children, and even adults. The degree to which damage to the developing nervous system harms the mind and body varies enormously. Many
499:
464:
445:
372:
150:
545:
397:
368:
360:
128:
of the embryo. Four main processes are responsible for the development of the nervous system: cell proliferation, the process in which
120:. Early in development, this plate of cells forms the neural tube, a narrow sheath that closes between the third and fourth weeks of
369:
https://web.archive.org/web/20080920160408/http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/cephalic_disorders/detail_cephalic_disorders.htm
105:) join prematurely. Most cephalic disorders are caused by a disturbance that occurs very early in the development of the
361:
https://web.archive.org/web/20051001003618/http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/cephalic_disorders/cephalic_disorders.htm
153:(NINDS) is currently "conducting and supporting research on normal and abnormal brain and nervous system development."
405:
518:
343:
376:
503:
247:
63:
41:
186:
97:. Some cephalic disorders occur when the cranial sutures (the fibrous joints that connect the
30:
458:
454:
277:
35:
73:
Cephalic disorders are not necessarily caused by a single factor, but may be influenced by
198:
307:
234:
216:
113:
67:
55:
539:
338:
333:
301:
295:
283:
265:
210:
512:
508:
259:
228:
222:
204:
192:
180:
523:
315:
253:
174:
125:
102:
289:
271:
142:
90:
66:
conditions that stem from damage to, or abnormal development of, the budding
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
134:
121:
94:
86:
82:
328:
78:
74:
437:
468:
449:
117:
112:
The human nervous system develops from a small, specialized plate of
402:
The
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
129:
106:
98:
167:
93:
taken by the mother, maternal infection, or exposure to
373:
National
Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
151:
National
Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
427:
431:
85:deficiencies, or by environmental exposures during
29:
24:
367:Portions of this article were based on the page:
8:
428:
40:
21:
16:Group of congenital brain or skull defects
137:, a natural process in which cells die.
389:
546:Congenital disorders of nervous system
170:codes are listed below per disorder.
7:
14:
398:"Cephalic Disorders Fact Sheet"
162:More common cephalic disorders
1:
562:
356:
344:Positional plagiocephaly
377:public domain resource
124:to form the brain and
116:on the surface of the
242:Less common cephalies
62: 'head') are
52:Cephalic disorders
533:
532:
187:Holoprosencephaly
49:
48:
25:Cephalic disorder
19:Medical condition
553:
429:
417:
416:
414:
413:
404:. Archived from
394:
359:
278:Craniosynostosis
109:nervous system.
45:
44:
36:Medical genetics
22:
561:
560:
556:
555:
554:
552:
551:
550:
536:
535:
534:
529:
528:
440:
426:
421:
420:
411:
409:
396:
395:
391:
386:
355:
352:
325:
244:
199:Hydranencephaly
164:
159:
39:
20:
17:
12:
11:
5:
559:
557:
549:
548:
538:
537:
531:
530:
527:
526:
515:
496:
461:
441:
436:
435:
433:
432:Classification
425:
424:External links
422:
419:
418:
388:
387:
385:
382:
364:
363:
351:
348:
347:
346:
341:
336:
331:
324:
321:
320:
319:
313:
312:
311:
308:Trigonocephaly
305:
299:
293:
287:
275:
269:
263:
257:
251:
243:
240:
239:
238:
235:Schizencephaly
232:
226:
220:
217:Megalencephaly
214:
208:
202:
196:
190:
184:
178:
163:
160:
158:
155:
68:nervous system
47:
46:
33:
27:
26:
18:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
558:
547:
544:
543:
541:
525:
521:
520:
516:
514:
510:
506:
505:
501:
497:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
470:
466:
462:
460:
456:
452:
451:
447:
443:
442:
439:
434:
430:
423:
408:on 2008-09-20
407:
403:
399:
393:
390:
383:
381:
380:
378:
374:
370:
362:
358:
354:
353:
349:
345:
342:
340:
339:MOMO syndrome
337:
335:
334:Encephalocele
332:
330:
327:
326:
322:
317:
314:
309:
306:
303:
302:Scaphocephaly
300:
297:
296:Plagiocephaly
294:
291:
288:
285:
284:Brachycephaly
282:
281:
279:
276:
273:
270:
267:
266:Micrencephaly
264:
261:
258:
255:
252:
249:
246:
245:
241:
236:
233:
230:
227:
224:
221:
218:
215:
212:
211:Lissencephaly
209:
206:
203:
200:
197:
194:
191:
188:
185:
182:
179:
176:
173:
172:
171:
169:
161:
156:
154:
152:
147:
144:
138:
136:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
110:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
71:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
43:
37:
34:
32:
28:
23:
517:
498:
463:
444:
410:. Retrieved
406:the original
401:
392:
366:
365:
260:Macrocephaly
229:Porencephaly
223:Microcephaly
205:Iniencephaly
193:Ethmocephaly
181:Colpocephaly
165:
148:
143:disabilities
139:
111:
81:conditions,
72:
59:
51:
50:
316:Polycephaly
254:Exencephaly
175:Anencephaly
126:spinal cord
83:nutritional
412:2008-07-30
384:References
290:Oxycephaly
272:Otocephaly
91:medication
89:, such as
75:hereditary
64:congenital
54:(from
135:apoptosis
122:pregnancy
95:radiation
87:pregnancy
31:Specialty
540:Category
329:Cyclopia
323:See also
280:(Q75.0)
248:Acephaly
524:D009421
371:at the
357:Note 1:
318:(Q89.4)
310:(Q75.0)
304:(Q75.0)
298:(Q67.3)
292:(Q75.0)
286:(Q75.0)
274:(Q18.2)
262:(Q75.3)
256:(Q00.0)
250:(Q00.0)
237:(Q04.6)
231:(Q04.6)
219:(Q04.5)
213:(Q04.3)
207:(Q00.2)
201:(Q04.3)
195:(Q04.2)
189:(Q04.2)
183:(Q04.8)
177:(Q00.0)
101:of the
79:genetic
168:ICD-10
118:embryo
60:κεφαλή
38:
350:Notes
268:(Q02)
225:(Q02)
157:Types
130:nerve
114:cells
107:fetal
103:skull
99:bones
58:
56:Greek
519:MeSH
504:9-CM
459:LA05
455:LA00
166:The
149:The
513:742
509:740
500:ICD
494:Q89
490:Q75
486:Q67
482:Q18
478:Q04
474:Q00
465:ICD
446:ICD
375:'s
77:or
542::
522::
507::
492:,
488:,
484:,
480:,
472::
469:10
457:,
453::
450:11
400:.
70:.
511:-
502:-
476:-
467:-
448:-
438:D
415:.
379:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
