Knowledge (XXG)

Complete partial order

Source đź“ť

494:'s algebraic approach). There are interesting theorems that concern a set of deductive systems being a directed-complete partial ordering. Also, a set of deductive systems can be chosen to have a least element in a natural way (so that it can be also a pointed dcpo), because the set of all consequences of the empty set (i.e. “the set of the logically provable/logically valid sentences”) is (1) a deductive system (2) contained by all deductive systems. 223: 709: 631: 735: 657: 878: 1149: 135: 918: 898: 843: 560: 536: 507:
has a supremum. As a corollary, an ordered set is a pointed dcpo if and only if every (possibly empty) chain has a supremum, i.e., if and only if it is
266:
of the respective (approximative) computations. This intuition, in the context of denotational semantics, was the motivation behind the development of
262:
Requiring the existence of directed suprema can be motivated by viewing directed sets as generalized approximation sequences and suprema as
1041:
Tarski, Alfred: Bizonyítás és igazság / Válogatott tanulmányok. Gondolat, Budapest, 1990. (Title means: Proof and truth / Selected papers.)
421:.) This order is a pointed dcpo, where the least element is the nowhere-defined partial function (with empty domain). In fact, ≤ is also 1293: 285: 1303: 1186: 1026: 928:
Directed completeness alone is quite a basic property that occurs often in other order-theoretic investigations, using for instance
1157: 94:
and every pair of elements has an upper bound in the subset.) In the literature, dcpos sometimes also appear under the label
1144: 920:
has a fixed point. This theorem, in turn, can be used to prove that Zorn's lemma is a consequence of the axiom of choice.
487: 281:. However, this concept occurs far less frequently in practice, since one usually can work on the dual order explicitly. 508: 44: 163: 940: 40: 1170: 1189:, where the Knaster–Tarski theorem, formulated over pointed dcpo's, is given to prove as exercise 4.3-5 on page 90. 815: 1250: 773: 1083: 330:
can be turned into a pointed dcpo by adding a least element ⊥ and introducing a flat order with ⊥ â‰¤ 
776: 746: 575: 443: 312: 274: 48: 664: 1322: 822: 36: 1066: 601: 504: 472: 429: 374: 308: 288:
of a partially ordered set, every partially ordered set can be extended uniquely to a minimal dcpo.
418: 146: 714: 636: 1227: 993: 465: 848: 1299: 1182: 1022: 795: 742: 1289: 1259: 1211: 1199: 977: 591: 539: 483: 422: 350: 320: 301: 256: 233: 17: 1271: 1223: 989: 120: 1267: 1219: 1153: 1140: 1054: 1010: 985: 929: 512: 450: 425:. This example also demonstrates why it is not always natural to have a greatest element. 315:, is a dcpo. Together with the empty filter it is also pointed. If the order has binary 145:
is also used, because of the characterization of pointed dcpos as posets in which every
968:
Markowsky, George (1976), "Chain-complete posets and directed sets with applications",
944: 933: 903: 883: 828: 750: 545: 521: 1316: 1231: 491: 316: 267: 237: 225:) has a supremum that belongs to the poset. The same notion can be extended to other 114: 52: 1050: 997: 240:
is also a dcpo (with the same basis). An ω-cpo (dcpo) with a basis is also called a
436: 83: 1120: 476: 461: 226: 28: 1173:
sometimes referred to as "Pataraia’s theorem". For example, see Section 4.1 of
772:
is pointed. Thus the complete partial orders with Scott-continuous maps form a
35:
is variously used to refer to at least three similar, but distinct, classes of
1245: 1174: 1014: 490:
closed under consequence (for defining notion of consequence, let us use e.g.
1263: 1181:(1987), 2nd edition, Jacques Loeckx and Kurt Sieber, John Wiley & Sons, 765: 454: 137:). Formulated differently, a pointed dcpo has a supremum for every directed 91: 1175:"Realizability at Work: Separating Two Constructive Notions of Finiteness" 595:
if it maps directed sets to directed sets while preserving their suprema:
563: 87: 319:, then this construction (including the empty filter) actually yields a 1215: 981: 232:
Every dcpo is an ω-cpo, since every ω-chain is a directed set, but the
432: 794:
is continuous then this fixed-point is equal to the supremum of the
393:
agree on all inputs for which they are both defined. (Equivalently,
845:
is a function from a dcpo to itself with the property that
503:
An ordered set is a dcpo if and only if every non-empty
277:
notion of a directed-complete partial order is called a
939:
Directed completeness relates in various ways to other
741:
Note that every continuous function between dcpos is a
756:
The set of all continuous functions between two dcpos
71:, has several possible meanings depending on context. 906: 886: 851: 831: 717: 667: 639: 604: 548: 524: 166: 123: 90:. (A subset of a partial order is directed if it is 1084:"Iwamura's Lemma, Markowsky's Theorem and ordinals" 912: 892: 872: 837: 745:. This notion of continuity is equivalent to the 729: 703: 651: 625: 554: 530: 217: 129: 218:{\displaystyle x_{1}\leq x_{2}\leq x_{3}\leq ...} 43:. Complete partial orders play a central role in 1021:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Prop 2.2.14, pp. 20. 963: 961: 959: 686: 674: 1298:(Second ed.). Cambridge University Press. 1019:Handbook of Logic in Computer Science, volume 3 1248:(1951), "Beweisstudien zum Satz von M. Zorn", 1177:(2016) by Bezem et al. See also Chapter 4 of 1146:The lambda calculus, its syntax and semantics 768:, this is again a dcpo, and pointed whenever 8: 1082:Goubault-Larrecq, Jean (February 23, 2015). 160:). These are posets in which every ω-chain ( 1119:Goubault-Larrecq, Jean (January 28, 2018). 1065:See online in p. 24 exercises 5–6 of §5 in 905: 885: 850: 830: 716: 666: 638: 603: 547: 523: 236:is not true. However, every ω-cpo with a 197: 184: 171: 165: 122: 307:For any poset, the set of all non-empty 297:Every finite poset is directed complete. 1179:The foundations of program verification 955: 538:is a pointed dcpo if and only if every 251:is never used to mean a poset in which 103:pointed directed-complete partial order 255:subsets have suprema; the terminology 570:Continuous functions and fixed-points 417:are identified with their respective 7: 1069: 1202:(1949), "Sur le thĂ©orème de Zorn", 821:Another fixed point theorem is the 704:{\displaystyle f(\sup D)=\sup f(D)} 1295:Introduction to Lattices and Order 124: 25: 790:, ⊥) has a least fixed-point. If 782:Every order-preserving self-map 1169:This is a strengthening of the 764:is denoted . Equipped with the 633:is directed for every directed 626:{\displaystyle f(D)\subseteq Q} 279:filtered-complete partial order 76:directed-complete partial order 861: 855: 698: 692: 680: 671: 614: 608: 518:Alternatively, an ordered set 39:, characterized by particular 1: 1108:. Harper and Row. p. 33. 1055:A Course in Universal Algebra 457:sets, ordered by restriction. 381:is a subset of the domain of 346:and no other order relations. 286:Dedekind–MacNeille completion 74:A partially ordered set is a 730:{\displaystyle D\subseteq P} 652:{\displaystyle D\subseteq P} 244:ω-cpo (or continuous dcpo). 152:A related notion is that of 143:chain-complete partial order 45:theoretical computer science 18:Chain-complete partial order 814:(⊥), …) of ⊥ (see also the 357:can be ordered by defining 304:are also directed complete. 1339: 873:{\displaystyle f(x)\geq x} 816:Kleene fixed-point theorem 259:is used for this concept. 1251:Mathematische Nachrichten 1053:and H.P. Sankappanavar: 154:ω-complete partial order 109:, sometimes abbreviated 1264:10.1002/mana.3210040138 468:, ordered by inclusion. 449:The set of all partial 41:completeness properties 1171:Knaster–Tarski theorem 914: 894: 874: 839: 747:topological continuity 731: 705: 653: 627: 556: 532: 249:complete partial order 219: 131: 65:complete partial order 49:denotational semantics 37:partially ordered sets 33:complete partial order 1210:(6): 434–437 (1951), 1204:Archiv der Mathematik 1017:, Maibaum TS (1994). 915: 895: 875: 840: 823:Bourbaki-Witt theorem 732: 706: 654: 628: 557: 533: 511:. Proofs rely on the 482:Let us use the term “ 220: 132: 130:{\displaystyle \bot } 1121:"Markowsky or Cohn?" 1068:. Or, on paper, see 904: 884: 849: 829: 715: 665: 637: 602: 546: 522: 473:specialization order 430:linearly independent 284:By analogy with the 164: 121: 113:), is a dcpo with a 1104:Cohn, Paul Moritz. 970:Algebra Universalis 786:of a pointed dcpo ( 711:for every directed 453:on a collection of 1216:10.1007/bf02036949 1152:2004-08-23 at the 982:10.1007/bf02485815 945:chain completeness 910: 890: 870: 835: 825:, stating that if 727: 701: 649: 623: 592:(Scott) continuous 581:between two dcpos 552: 528: 385:and the values of 353:on some given set 334:and s â‰¤  215: 127: 1200:Bourbaki, Nicolas 1106:Universal Algebra 1051:Stanley N. Burris 913:{\displaystyle f} 893:{\displaystyle x} 838:{\displaystyle f} 743:monotone function 555:{\displaystyle P} 531:{\displaystyle P} 499:Characterizations 351:partial functions 302:complete lattices 141:subset. The term 117:(usually denoted 96:up-complete poset 82:) if each of its 16:(Redirected from 1330: 1309: 1290:Priestley, H. A. 1276: 1274: 1242: 1236: 1234: 1196: 1190: 1167: 1161: 1141:Barendregt, Henk 1138: 1132: 1131: 1129: 1127: 1116: 1110: 1109: 1101: 1095: 1094: 1092: 1090: 1079: 1073: 1063: 1057: 1048: 1042: 1039: 1033: 1032: 1007: 1001: 1000: 965: 943:notions such as 930:algebraic posets 919: 917: 916: 911: 899: 897: 896: 891: 879: 877: 876: 871: 844: 842: 841: 836: 774:cartesian closed 736: 734: 733: 728: 710: 708: 707: 702: 658: 656: 655: 650: 632: 630: 629: 624: 561: 559: 558: 553: 540:order-preserving 537: 535: 534: 529: 484:deductive system 451:choice functions 423:bounded complete 321:complete lattice 313:subset inclusion 257:complete lattice 224: 222: 221: 216: 202: 201: 189: 188: 176: 175: 149:has a supremum. 136: 134: 133: 128: 84:directed subsets 21: 1338: 1337: 1333: 1332: 1331: 1329: 1328: 1327: 1313: 1312: 1306: 1287: 1284: 1279: 1244: 1243: 1239: 1198: 1197: 1193: 1168: 1164: 1154:Wayback Machine 1139: 1135: 1125: 1123: 1118: 1117: 1113: 1103: 1102: 1098: 1088: 1086: 1081: 1080: 1076: 1064: 1060: 1049: 1045: 1040: 1036: 1029: 1009: 1008: 1004: 967: 966: 957: 953: 926: 902: 901: 882: 881: 847: 846: 827: 826: 810: (⊥)), … 766:pointwise order 749:induced by the 713: 712: 663: 662: 635: 634: 600: 599: 572: 544: 543: 520: 519: 513:axiom of choice 501: 460:The set of all 428:The set of all 401:if and only if 365:if and only if 349:The set of all 294: 193: 180: 167: 162: 161: 119: 118: 61: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 1336: 1334: 1326: 1325: 1315: 1314: 1311: 1310: 1304: 1283: 1280: 1278: 1277: 1237: 1191: 1162: 1133: 1111: 1096: 1074: 1058: 1043: 1034: 1027: 1002: 954: 952: 949: 934:Scott topology 925: 922: 909: 889: 869: 866: 863: 860: 857: 854: 834: 751:Scott topology 739: 738: 726: 723: 720: 700: 697: 694: 691: 688: 685: 682: 679: 676: 673: 670: 660: 648: 645: 642: 622: 619: 616: 613: 610: 607: 571: 568: 551: 527: 509:chain-complete 500: 497: 496: 495: 486:” as a set of 480: 469: 458: 447: 426: 373:, i.e. if the 347: 324: 305: 298: 293: 290: 214: 211: 208: 205: 200: 196: 192: 187: 183: 179: 174: 170: 126: 67:, abbreviated 60: 57: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1335: 1324: 1321: 1320: 1318: 1307: 1305:0-521-78451-4 1301: 1297: 1296: 1291: 1288:Davey, B.A.; 1286: 1285: 1281: 1273: 1269: 1265: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1252: 1247: 1241: 1238: 1233: 1229: 1225: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1205: 1201: 1195: 1192: 1188: 1187:0-471-91282-4 1184: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1166: 1163: 1159: 1158:North-Holland 1155: 1151: 1148: 1147: 1142: 1137: 1134: 1122: 1115: 1112: 1107: 1100: 1097: 1085: 1078: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1062: 1059: 1056: 1052: 1047: 1044: 1038: 1035: 1030: 1028:9780198537625 1024: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1006: 1003: 999: 995: 991: 987: 983: 979: 975: 971: 964: 962: 960: 956: 950: 948: 946: 942: 937: 935: 931: 923: 921: 907: 887: 867: 864: 858: 852: 832: 824: 819: 817: 813: 809: 805: 801: 797: 793: 789: 785: 780: 778: 775: 771: 767: 763: 759: 754: 752: 748: 744: 724: 721: 718: 695: 689: 683: 677: 668: 661: 646: 643: 640: 620: 617: 611: 605: 598: 597: 596: 594: 593: 588: 584: 580: 577: 569: 567: 565: 549: 541: 525: 516: 514: 510: 506: 498: 493: 492:Alfred Tarski 489: 485: 481: 478: 474: 470: 467: 463: 459: 456: 452: 448: 445: 442:, ordered by 441: 438: 434: 431: 427: 424: 420: 416: 412: 408: 405: âŠ†  404: 400: 397: â‰¤  396: 392: 388: 384: 380: 376: 372: 368: 364: 361: â‰¤  360: 356: 352: 348: 345: 341: 337: 333: 329: 325: 322: 318: 314: 311:, ordered by 310: 306: 303: 299: 296: 295: 291: 289: 287: 282: 280: 276: 271: 269: 268:domain theory 265: 260: 258: 254: 250: 245: 243: 239: 235: 230: 228: 227:cardinalities 212: 209: 206: 203: 198: 194: 190: 185: 181: 177: 172: 168: 159: 155: 150: 148: 144: 140: 116: 115:least element 112: 108: 104: 99: 97: 93: 89: 85: 81: 77: 72: 70: 66: 58: 56: 54: 53:domain theory 50: 46: 42: 38: 34: 31:, the phrase 30: 19: 1323:Order theory 1294: 1255: 1249: 1240: 1207: 1203: 1194: 1178: 1165: 1145: 1136: 1124:. Retrieved 1114: 1105: 1099: 1087:. Retrieved 1077: 1061: 1046: 1037: 1018: 1005: 976:(1): 53–68, 973: 969: 941:completeness 938: 927: 820: 811: 807: 803: 802: (⊥), 799: 791: 787: 783: 781: 769: 761: 757: 755: 740: 590: 586: 582: 578: 573: 562:has a least 542:self-map of 517: 502: 462:prime ideals 439: 437:vector space 414: 410: 406: 402: 398: 394: 390: 386: 382: 378: 370: 366: 362: 358: 354: 343: 339: 335: 331: 327: 283: 278: 272: 263: 261: 252: 248: 246: 241: 231: 229:of chains. 157: 153: 151: 142: 138: 110: 107:pointed dcpo 106: 102: 100: 95: 79: 75: 73: 68: 64: 62: 32: 26: 1258:: 434–438, 1246:Witt, Ernst 477:sober space 59:Definitions 29:mathematics 1282:References 1126:January 6, 1089:January 6, 1011:Abramsky S 589:is called 479:is a dcpo. 338:for every 326:Every set 247:Note that 242:continuous 1232:117826806 1070:Tar:BizIg 1015:Gabbay DM 865:≥ 722:⊆ 644:⊆ 618:⊆ 488:sentences 455:non-empty 444:inclusion 204:≤ 191:≤ 178:≤ 125:⊥ 92:non-empty 63:The term 1317:Category 1292:(2002). 1150:Archived 998:16718857 932:and the 924:See also 880:for all 806: ( 796:iterates 777:category 576:function 564:fixpoint 369:extends 292:Examples 234:converse 139:or empty 88:supremum 1272:0039776 1224:0047739 990:0398913 900:, then 475:of any 433:subsets 309:filters 1302:  1270:  1230:  1222:  1185:  1160:(1984) 1025:  996:  988:  419:graphs 409:where 375:domain 264:limits 86:has a 1228:S2CID 994:S2CID 951:Notes 505:chain 464:of a 435:of a 317:meets 238:basis 158:ω-cpo 147:chain 47:: in 1300:ISBN 1183:ISBN 1128:2024 1091:2024 1023:ISBN 798:(⊥, 760:and 585:and 471:The 466:ring 413:and 389:and 300:All 275:dual 273:The 111:cppo 80:dcpo 51:and 1260:doi 1212:doi 978:doi 947:. 818:). 687:sup 675:sup 377:of 342:in 253:all 69:cpo 27:In 1319:: 1268:MR 1266:, 1254:, 1226:, 1220:MR 1218:, 1206:, 1156:, 1143:, 1013:, 992:, 986:MR 984:, 972:, 958:^ 936:. 779:. 753:. 574:A 566:. 515:. 270:. 101:A 98:. 55:. 1308:. 1275:. 1262:: 1256:4 1235:. 1214:: 1208:2 1130:. 1093:. 1072:. 1031:. 980:: 974:6 908:f 888:x 868:x 862:) 859:x 856:( 853:f 833:f 812:f 808:f 804:f 800:f 792:f 788:P 784:f 770:Q 762:Q 758:P 737:. 725:P 719:D 699:) 696:D 693:( 690:f 684:= 681:) 678:D 672:( 669:f 659:. 647:P 641:D 621:Q 615:) 612:D 609:( 606:f 587:Q 583:P 579:f 550:P 526:P 446:. 440:V 415:g 411:f 407:g 403:f 399:g 395:f 391:g 387:f 383:g 379:f 371:f 367:g 363:g 359:f 355:S 344:S 340:s 336:s 332:s 328:S 323:. 213:. 210:. 207:. 199:3 195:x 186:2 182:x 173:1 169:x 156:( 105:( 78:( 20:)

Index

Chain-complete partial order
mathematics
partially ordered sets
completeness properties
theoretical computer science
denotational semantics
domain theory
directed subsets
supremum
non-empty
least element
chain
cardinalities
converse
basis
complete lattice
domain theory
dual
Dedekind–MacNeille completion
complete lattices
filters
subset inclusion
meets
complete lattice
partial functions
domain
graphs
bounded complete
linearly independent
subsets

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

↑