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711:. Padding can be on the seat of the chair only, on the seat and back, or also on any arm rests or foot rest the chair may have. Padding will not shift the weight to different parts of the body (unless the chair is so soft that the shape is altered). However, padding does distribute the weight by increasing the area of contact between the chair and the body, and thus reducing the amount of pressure at any given point. By contrast, a hard wood chair feels hard because the contact point between the occupant and the chair is small. In lieu of padding, flexible materials, such as wicker, may be used instead with similar effects of distributing the weight.
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277:. Scholars disagree on the reasons for the adoption of the chair. The most common theories are that the chair was an outgrowth of indigenous Chinese furniture, that it evolved from a camp stool imported from Central Asia, that it was introduced to China by Christian missionaries in the 7th century, and that the chair came to China from India as a form of Buddhist monastic furniture. In modern China, unlike
1247:. The work is an assemblage of a manufactured chair, the photo of said chair, and the dictionary definition of the word chair. This work changes each time it is installed, since the location selects and photographs the chair for installation. A dominating part of Kosuth’s work is the impersonal aspect of all the parts since his artistic hand is not easily seen in the pre-made objects presented.
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197:, and in many other settings. In keeping with this historical connotation of the "chair" as the symbol of authority, committees, boards of directors, and academic departments all have a 'chairman' or 'chair'. Endowed professorships are referred to as chairs. It was not until the 16th century that chairs became common. Until then, people sat on
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254:, they were covered with costly materials, magnificent patterns and supported upon representations of the legs of beasts or the figures of captives. Generally speaking, the higher ranked an individual was, the taller and more sumptuous was the chair he sat on and the greater the honor. On state occasions, the pharaoh sat on a
1209:(chairs), lacquer, canvas, rope, and paint. It is an early work showing his and his wife Jeanne Claude’s iconic style of partially or wholly hiding objects within wrapped cloth and ropes. Their work developed into large-scale public site-specific artworks and environmental art, which the pair are most well known for. For
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awards the best player in a particular section a "chair" or "principal seat" based on ability. The first chair of the section plays the solos, and in string sections, determines the bowings. In professional orchestras, the first chair player receives higher pay. It is also common for this position to
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The 20th century saw an increasing use of technology in chair construction with such things as all-metal folding chairs, metal-legged chairs, the
Slumber Chair, moulded plastic chairs and ergonomic chairs. The recliner became a popular form, at least in part due to radio and television. In the 1930s,
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Chairs can be made from wood, metal, or other strong materials, like stone or acrylic. In some cases, multiple materials are used to construct a chair; for example, the legs and frame may be made from metal and the seat and back may be made from plastic. Chairs may have hard surfaces of wood, metal,
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are necessarily reclined. Research has shown that the best seated posture is a reclined posture of 100°–110°. In order to recline, the back-rest may be independently adjustable. A reclining seat and back will reduce the load on the occupant's back muscles. In general, if the occupant is supposed to
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Additional anthropometric measurements may be relevant to designing a chair. Hip breadth is used for chair width and armrest width. The buttock-knee length is used to determine "leg room" between rows of chairs. "Seat pitch" is the distance between rows of seats. In some airplanes and stadiums the
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In rare cases, chairs are made out of unusual materials, especially as a form of art or experimentation. Raimonds
Cirulis, a Latvian interior designer, created a volcanic hanging chair that is handmade out of volcanic rock. Peter Brenner, a Dutch-born German designer, has created a chair made from
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rest height is used to determine the height of the armrests. Armrests should support the forearm and not the sensitive elbow area. Hence in some chair designs, the armrest is not continuous to the chair back, but is missing in the elbow area. Armrests further have the function of making entry and
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Large institutions that make bulk purchases will reference these standards within their own even more detailed criteria for purchase. Governments will often issue standards for purchases by government agencies (e.g. Canada's
Canadian General Standards Board CAN/CGSB 44.15M on "Straight Stacking
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that the chair ceased to be a privilege of state and became a standard item of furniture for anyone who could afford to buy it. Once the idea of privilege faded the chair speedily came into general use. Almost at once the chair began to change every few years to reflect the fashions of the day.
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are cushions for chairs. They contain cotton or foam for padding. Some are decorative. In cars, they may be used to increase the height of the driver. Orthopedic back-rests provide support for the back. Car seats sometimes have built-in and adjustable lumbar supports. These can also be used on
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is a temporary fabric cover for a side chair. They are typically rented for formal events such as wedding receptions to increase the attractiveness of the chairs and decor. The chair covers may come with decorative chair ties, a ribbon to be tied as a bow behind the chair. Covers for sofas and
485:
For someone seated, the popliteal height is the distance from the underside of the foot to the underside of the thigh at the knees. It is sometimes called the "stool height". The term "sitting height" is reserved for the height to the top of the head when seated. For
American men, the median
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popliteal height is 16.3 inches (41 cm) and for
American women it is 15.0 inches (38 cm). The popliteal height, after adjusting for heels, clothing and other issues, is used to determine the height of the chair seat. Mass-produced chairs are typically 17 inches (43 cm) high.
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For someone seated, the buttock popliteal length is the horizontal distance from the back most part of the buttocks to the back of the lower leg. This anthropometric measurement is used to determine the seat depth. Mass-produced chairs are typically 15–17 inches (38–43 cm) deep.
261:
The average
Egyptian family seldom had chairs, and if they did, it was usually only the master of the household who sat on a chair. Among the better off, the chairs might be painted to look like the ornate inlaid and carved chairs of the rich, but the craftsmanship was usually poor.
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There may be cases where padding is not desirable, such as chairs that are intended primarily for outdoor use. Where padding is not desirable, contouring may be used instead. A contoured seat pan attempts to distribute weight without padding. By matching the shape of the occupant's
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in 1819, and observed chairs engrossed with gold in the empire. In the 1800s, chairs became more common in
American households and usually there was a chair provided for every family member to sit down to dinner. By the 1830s, factory-manufactured “fancy chairs” like those by
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are mats meant to cover different types of flooring. They are usually made from plastic. This allows chairs on wheels to roll easily over the carpet and protects the carpet or floor. They come in various shapes, some specifically sized to fit partially under a desk.
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exhibited a chair sculpture at San
Francisco Art Institute. The chair had spikes that retracted when a credit card was inserted to download a seating license. Later other museums and galleries were equipped with the "Pay to Sit" chair, with a global central seating
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Chairs may be rated by the length of time that they may be used comfortably – an 8-hour chair, a 24-hour chair, and so on. Such chairs are specified for tasks which require extended periods of sitting, such as for receptionists or supervisors of a control panel.
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Different types of chairs can have a variety of seating positions, depending on the intended task. Typically, chairs intended for people completing work or dining can only recline very slightly (otherwise the occupant is too far away from the desk or table).
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A dining room chair is a specific type of design, used around a dining room table. It can be found in most ordinary residential homes, and also may appear in formal settings, such as any formal event or reception that includes a formal meal or banquet.
400:. The back may extend above the height of the occupant's head, which can optionally contain a headrest. Chairs can also be made from more creative materials, such as recycled materials like cutlery and wooden play bricks, pencils, plumbing tubes, rope,
1143:. An ottoman is a short stool that is intended to be used as a footrest but can sometimes be used as a stool. If matched to a glider chair, the ottoman may be mounted on swing arms so that the ottoman rocks back and forth with the main glider.
1213:, Christo plays with the identity of the object by concealing parts and revealing others. There are multiple variations of this work and similar ones involving chairs displayed at museums around the world, including a similar work titled
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be known as "first stand" or "first desk", a reference to the portable lectern on which the musicians put their sheet music. However, the person who is first chair in the first violin section is usually referred to as the
184:
The chair has been used since antiquity, although for many centuries it was a symbolic article of state and dignity rather than an article for ordinary use. "The chair" is still used as the emblem of authority in the
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A work chair is a specialized chair, adapted to the needs of a particular profession or setting. For example, a designing chair will be used for designers who sit at high easels; it will usually have added height.
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standard ASTM F1912-98. ISO 7174 specifies stability of rocking and tilting chairs. ASTM F1858-98 specifies plastic lawn chairs. ASTM E1822-02b defines the combustibility of chairs when they are stacked.
978:
The
Business and Institutional Furniture Manufacturer's Association (BIFMA) defines ANSI/BIFMA X5.1 (titled: General-Purpose Office Chairs – Tests) for testing of commercial-grade chairs. It requires:
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couches are also available for homes with small children and pets. In the second half of the 20th century, some people used custom clear plastic covers for expensive sofas and chairs to protect them.
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A wide variety of chairs have emerged throughout the ages, some based on formal usages, and others based on domestic needs, and some based on needs within the workplace or various professions.
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adds an additional body part, the knees, to support the weight of the body. A sit-stand chair distributes most of the weight of the occupant to the feet. Many chairs are padded or have
959:, "Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) – Part 5: Workstation layout and postural requirements", is the most common one for modern chair design.
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has created several chairs as art forms such as "Honey-pop": honey-comb paper chair (2001), "Pane chair": natural fiber chair (2006), and "Venus": natural crystal chair (2007).
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The specification further defines heavier "proof" loads that chairs must withstand. Under these higher loads, the chair may be damaged, but it must not fail catastrophically.
205:, and stools, which were the ordinary seats of everyday life. The number of chairs which have survived from an earlier date is exceedingly limited; most examples are of
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sit for a long time, weight needs to be taken off the seat area and thus "easy" chairs intended for long periods of sitting are generally at least slightly reclined.
448:. This is done by having an easily adjustable seat height. A seat that is higher results in dangling feet and increased pressure on the underside of the knees ("
1235:. Made of painted sheet metal, Picasso’s sculptural chair exemplifies what many artists love about the chair as a subject: the contrast of form and function.
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found that sitting on the edge of a high stool with feet on the floor is less harmful for the lower back than sitting up straight on a conventional chair.
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The back of the chair will support some of the weight of the occupant, reducing the weight on other parts of the body. Some back-rests support only the
424:(how comfortable it is for the occupant), as well as non-ergonomic functional requirements such as size, stacking ability, folding ability, weight,
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or ineffectual). The address was controversial, with critics describing it as bizarre and supporters describing it as poignant. Japanese designer
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452:"). It may also result in no weight on the feet which means more weight elsewhere. A lower seat may shift too much weight to the "seat bones" ("
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Polypropylene (molded plastic) seats and stainless steel legs in Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil. This type of material is very useful in seaside areas.
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that turns. It also introduced the first mass-produced plastic chairs such as the Bofinger chair in 1966. Technological advances led to molded
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leg room (the seat pitch less the thickness of the seat at thigh level) is so small that it is sometimes insufficient for the average person.
235:, were made of carved wood, and were much lower than today's chairs – chair seats were sometimes only 10 inches (25 cm) high. In ancient
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1258:, exhibited at San Francisco Art Institute, 2001, comprises spikes that retract when a credit card is inserted to download a seating license.
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1401:, and a colloquial expression to describe people shuffling from seat to seat, around different locations, or from one job title to another.
70:, typically designed for one person and consisting of one or more legs, a flat or slightly angled seat and a back-rest. It may be made of
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plastic, or other materials, or some or all of these hard surfaces may be covered with upholstery or padding. The design may be made of
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If someone "nearly fell off their chair" after being informed about something, it was because they were very shocked or surprised.
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Some chairs have foot rests. Around 15% of women and 2% of men need foot rests, even at the 16-inch (41 cm) chair height. A
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to form the seat, usually in a pattern of four trapezoids meeting in the center, and on rare occasions, in elaborate patterns
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seat cycle strength of 100,000 repetitions of 125 pounds (57 kg) dropped from 2 inches (51 mm) above the seat
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Some chairs have two curved bands of wood (also known as rockers) attached to the bottom of the legs. They are called
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or other simple chair may have a simple straight or curved bar near the bottom for the sitter to place their feet on.
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Open center seats where a soft material is attached to the tops of chair legs or between stretchers to form the seat
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If present, armrests will support part of the body weight through the arms if the arms are resting on the armrests.
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Chair seats vary widely in construction and may or may not match construction of the chair's back (back-rest).
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Ford (aldenta.com), Designed by Tina Roth Eisenberg (swiss-miss com) and built by John (29 September 2020).
596:, or sick-chair, because it was intended for people who were too ill to stand or sit without extra support.
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1301:. The first sitting session was free, with a database of persons who had already used their free session.
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in wood, constructed of 5.5 tons of wood, 12 metres (39 ft) high standing across the street from the
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590:, the terms for chairs with and without armrests, respectively. In Germany, an armchair was once called a
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are attached to the body of the chair in order to give height adjustment and more comfort to the user.
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Chair, Steel" or CAN/CGSB 44.232-2002 on "Task Chairs for Office Work with Visual Display Terminal").
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1175:. They are counter-weighted so as to not slide off the arms under the weight of the remote controls.
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is one used by employees within an office. Modern office chairs are usually adjustable and wheeled.
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in chairs at that time was rare. It was not until the 12th century that chairs became widespread in
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In American slang, to say someone will "get the chair" is to say that they will be executed by an
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leg strength of 75 pounds (34 kg) applied one inch (25 mm) from the bottom of the leg
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seat strength of 225 pounds (102 kg) dropped from six inches (150 mm) above the seat
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355:. Mechanical technology incorporated into the chair enabled adjustable chairs, especially for
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are attached to the feet of chairs to prevent them from scratching or snagging on the floor.
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is upholstered and features a mechanism that lowers the chair's back and raises into place a
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Padded leather, generally a flat wood base covered in padding and contained in soft leather
513:, China: with a fairly low seat and the back inclined at about 45 degrees from the vertical
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can be draped over the arm of easy chairs or sofas and used to hold remote controls for
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measurements. The two most relevant anthropometric measurement for chair design is the
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A chair may or may not have armrests; chairs with armrests are termed "armchairs". In
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is a prestigious appointment for a professor, paid for by a dedicated funding source.
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typically have at least shoulder-height back-rests to shift weight to the shoulders.
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2257:"Christo: Early Works, 1958–1963, rue de Ponthieu, Paris, June 10–October 8, 2022"
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is a cloth covering for a headrest to protect the fabric and enable easy washing.
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desk and Loop that transforms into two interlocking chairs when expanded (2015).
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Ergonomic design distributes the weight of the occupant to various parts of the
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The earliest images of chairs in China are from 6th-century Buddhist murals and
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Tape, wide fabric tape woven into seat, seen in lawn chairs and some old chairs
547:" neck injuries in rear-end collisions where the head is jerked back suddenly.
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chair stability if weight is transferred completely to the front or back legs
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2434:"Collection #2 "Progressland" Curated by Andrew Zuckerman | Chamber | Artsy"
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Actual chair dimensions are determined by measurements of the human body or
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exit from the chair easier (but from the side it becomes more difficult).
239:, chairs appear to have been of great richness and splendor. Fashioned of
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1686:"Anthropocene: why the chair should be the symbol for our sedentary age"
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308:, Roebuck, and Co. allowed families to purchase machined sets. With the
2154:. Fifth series. Vol. V. Boston: Little and Gay. 1874. p. 105.
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support the head as well and are important in vehicles for preventing "
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1760:"From Benches to Barstools: A History of Chairs, Posture, and Society"
17:
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There are multiple specific standards for different types of chairs.
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region, while shoulder height back-rests support the entire back and
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Chairs vary in design. An armchair has armrests fixed to the seat; a
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Design considerations for chairs have been codified into standards.
327:
The modern movement of the 1960s produced new forms of chairs: the
2358:"Invisible Obama: The Backlash for Mitt Romney and Clint Eastwood"
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A chair is the highest officer of an organized group, such as the
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In place of a built-in footrest, some chairs come with a matching
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900:, heavy paper, strong grasses, or hand twisted while wrapped with
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Ergonomic Living: How to Create a User-Friendly Home & Office
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lollipop sugar – 60 pounds (27 kg) of confectioners' sugar.
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Ergonomic Workplace Design for Health, Wellness and Productivity
251:
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1980:"A Chair Made From Lollipop Sugar, Customized With Your Licks"
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de Dampierre, F. (2006). Chairs: A History. Harry N. Abrams.
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are attached to the feet of chairs to give more mobility.
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with holes for decoration; a low back or gaps can provide
320:
were commercially available to help people suffering from
54:, covered in modern red morocco leather, height: 97.2 cm,
1312:
addressed an empty chair, as if it represented President
846:
Center seats where a solid material forms the chair seat
564:, weight is distributed and maximum pressure is reduced.
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Solid wood, may or may not be shaped to human contours
176:
in colour, often described as the world's most common
1463:, the central vertical element of a wooden chair back
30:
This article is about furniture. For other uses, see
2553:
Fiell, C. (2005). 1000 Chairs. (25th ed.). Taschen.
2331:
Goldie, Peter; Schellekens, Elisabeth, eds. (2009).
2004:. Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety
1953:"Hanging chair made out of Volcanic Rock – Bornrich"
1879:"Definitions for Massage Actions for Massage Chairs"
1804:. Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety
1744:The Impact of Buddhism on Chinese Material Culture
878:Wicker, woven to provide a surface with give to it
1754:
1752:
1746:, Princeton University Press, 2003, pp. 222–248.
288:In Europe, it was owing in great measure to the
285:, it is no longer common to sit at floor level.
258:, often with a little footstool in front of it.
2409:"Ian Stell Online Shop | Shop Design at Pamono"
2107:The Chair: Rethinking Culture, Body, and Design
1857:. Guinness World Records Limited. p. 149.
112:comes from the early 13th-century English word
97:has legs fixed to two long curved slats; and a
78:, or synthetic materials, and may be padded or
1280:. It has broken leg symbolizing opposition to
982:chair back strength of 150 pounds (68 kg)
616:The difference between leg room and seat pitch
359:use. Motors embedded in the chair resulted in
8:
1720:. Ancient Egyptian Furniture. Archived from
933:Metal, Metal mesh or wire woven to form seat
220:Chairs were in existence since at least the
101:has wheels fixed to an axis under the seat.
2307:"Joseph Kosuth. One and Three Chairs. 1965"
1712:
1710:
1708:
1425:for an extended list of types, such as the
1243:, 1965, is a conceptual artwork created by
1048:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
753:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
123:
1929:. BornRich: Home of Luxur. Archived from
1927:"Hanging chair made out of Volcanic Rock"
1112:Learn how and when to remove this message
858:Stuffed fabric, similar to padded leather
817:Learn how and when to remove this message
428:, stain resistance, and artistic design.
1905:"26 Chairs Made from Recycled Materials"
1787:The Monthly Review, Or, Literary Journal
1661:. The University of Utah. Archived from
1568:"Is This the World's Most Famous Chair?"
1390:in a company or non-profit organization.
852:Wood slats, often seen on outdoor chairs
2023:Inkeles, Gordon; Schenke, Iris (2010).
1684:Cregan-Reid, Vybarr (26 October 2018).
1472:
948:Highly decorated carved-back chairs in
884:Fabric, simple covering without support
420:Chair design considers intended usage,
324:and other diseases to navigate stairs.
1335:that transform into chairs, including
1220:In the same year that Christo created
331:(originally called the Hardoy chair),
2481:
2479:
1881:. About.com Furniture. Archived from
509:The type of chair popular in western
312:, chairs became much more available.
7:
2539:. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). 1911.
2057:Alan Hedge, ed. (2017). "15.5.1.4".
1046:adding citations to reliable sources
881:Leather, may be tooled with a design
751:adding citations to reliable sources
122:("chair, seat, throne"), from Latin
2563:Miller, J. (2009). Chairs. Conran.
2459:"Nearly/Almost Fall off your Chair"
1306:2012 Republican National Convention
861:Metal seats of solid or open design
592:
231:). They were covered with cloth or
1978:LaBarre, Suzanne (19 April 2011).
347:chairs, as well as chairs made of
25:
1853:Glenday, Craig (September 2015).
1834:from the original on 15 June 2021
1331:Ian Stell creates steel and wood
168:chair is a lightweight stackable
27:Piece of furniture for sitting on
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1762:. Random History. Archived from
1018:
723:
582:, a distinction is made between
2356:Tina Daunt (5 September 2012).
1955:. 21 March 2012. Archived from
1824:"Inclinator Company Of America"
1639:. The Free Dictionary By Farlex
1483:. The Free Dictionary By Farlex
299:visited the main Palace of the
82:in various colors and fabrics.
1304:In a performance piece at the
222:Early Dynastic Period of Egypt
1:
2518:The dictionary definition of
2333:Philosophy and conceptual art
2110:. W. W. Norton. p. 176.
2002:"What is an ergonomic chair?"
1802:"What is an ergonomic chair?"
1659:"What is an "Endowed Chair?""
1547:"Online Etymology Dictionary"
1408:. Alternatively, it can be a
225:
151:
44:
1907:. Home-Designing. March 2009
1593:"Architecture of the Palace"
940:Standards and specifications
440:Seats with adjustable height
2335:. Oxford: Clarendon Press
2029:. Touchstone. p. 115.
1855:Guinness World Records 2016
1412:for other harsh punishment.
1194:As sculptural and art forms
966:are specified by ISO 6875.
2605:
1316:(meant to be construed as
571:
135:
56:Metropolitan Museum of Art
29:
2083:"Basic Body Measurements"
1339:(2016) that turns into a
2148:"International Vanities"
1132:Lounge chair and ottoman
2536:Encyclopædia Britannica
2236:Cleveland Museum of Art
118:
2362:The Hollywood Reporter
1617:. The House of Commons
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269:, but the practice of
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32:Chair (disambiguation)
2104:Cranz, Galen (2000).
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947:
841:Some systems include:
832:
698:
636:
615:
608:Seat size and legroom
527:Back and head support
508:
439:
416:Design and ergonomics
374:
310:Industrial Revolution
297:Thomas Edward Bowdich
163:
145:
42:
2463:Cambridge Dictionary
2137:Hedge, chapter 1.3.3
1828:disabilitymuseum.org
1790:. 1819. p. 291.
1270:monumental sculpture
1240:One and Three Chairs
1042:improve this section
747:improve this section
489:Researchers such as
454:ischial tuberosities
402:corrugated cardboard
375:Metal chairs in the
337:egg-shaped pod chair
138:History of the chair
2286:Musée Picasso Paris
2194:on 8 September 2006
1595:. www.parliament.uk
1451:Riding-like sitting
1329:industrial designer
1254:Chair sculpture by
1169:Remote control bags
896:Rush, wrapped from
247:, or of carved and
1742:Kieschnick, John.
1724:on 21 October 2008
1615:"Speaker's Chairs"
1456:Seating assignment
1388:Board of Directors
1386:, the head of the
1384:chair of the board
1333:kinetic sculptures
1260:
1215:Two Wrapped Chairs
1135:
953:
835:
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639:
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442:
385:
182:
158:
116:, from Old French
60:
2438:www.artsy.netnull
2342:978-0-19-956825-3
2282:"Collection Page"
2093:on 30 March 2009.
2068:978-1-4665-9843-0
1864:978-1-910561-01-0
1461:Splat (furniture)
1337:Roll Bottom Chair
1274:Palace of Nations
1122:
1121:
1114:
1096:
970:are specified by
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819:
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661:Dining room chair
480:buttock popliteal
392:materials, or be
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1505:. Dictionary.com
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1375:In academia, an
1322:Tokujin Yoshioka
1158:kitchen chairs.
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476:popliteal height
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968:Bean bag chairs
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681:
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663:
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637:A rocking chair
631:
629:Types of chairs
610:
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503:
501:Reclining angle
434:
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329:butterfly chair
228:
172:chair, usually
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2152:The Living Age
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1959:on 9 July 2015
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1830:. April 1933.
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1423:List of chairs
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1406:electric chair
1402:
1397:" is a common
1395:Musical chairs
1391:
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1310:Clint Eastwood
1295:license server
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864:Molded plastic
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705:kneeling chair
699:Kneeling chair
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572:Main article:
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472:anthropometric
450:popliteal fold
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361:massage chairs
301:Ashanti Empire
229: 3100 BC
207:ecclesiastical
191:United Kingdom
136:Main article:
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2549:0-8109-5484-2
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2530:"Chair"
2526:
2524:at Wiktionary
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1377:endowed chair
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1364:in the US or
1363:
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1245:Joseph Kosuth
1242:
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1231:
1228:also created
1227:
1226:Pablo Picasso
1223:
1222:Wrapped Chair
1218:
1216:
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1211:Wrapped Chair
1208:
1207:found objects
1205:in 1961 with
1204:
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1062:
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1032:
1027:This section
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732:This section
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679:Rocking chair
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2263:. 2022-06-01
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1571:
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1541:
1529:. Retrieved
1525:"Wheelchair"
1519:
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1497:
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1475:
1435:swivel chair
1336:
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1314:Barack Obama
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36:
2188:state.tx.us
1982:. Co.DESIGN
1718:"Furniture"
1637:"Professor"
1552:14 February
1446:Chair squat
1347:In language
1341:secretariat
1297:located in
1288:. In 2001,
1217:from 1961.
1148:chair cover
1102:August 2024
1010:Accessories
807:August 2024
495:Galen Cranz
458:Gas springs
432:Seat height
398:ventilation
318:stair lifts
290:Renaissance
211:seigneurial
155: 1300
80:upholstered
48: 1772
2578:Categories
2443:10 October
2418:10 October
2413:pamono.com
2393:10 October
2267:2024-01-10
1697:9 November
1572:TreeHugger
1503:"Recliner"
1481:"Armchair"
1468:References
1441:Chair pose
1427:lift chair
1399:party game
1290:Steve Mann
1282:land mines
1256:Steve Mann
1162:Chair mats
1155:Chair pads
1072:newspapers
777:newspapers
670:Work chair
491:Mary Blade
426:durability
422:ergonomics
335:, and the
128:("seat").
99:wheelchair
2589:Furniture
2496:22 August
2468:22 August
2388:swissmiss
2367:7 January
2316:9 January
2291:9 January
2241:9 January
2170:bifma.org
1357:orchestra
1327:New York
1029:does not
734:does not
541:Headrests
537:shoulders
367:Materials
343:and wood
333:bean bags
105:Etymology
2261:Gagosian
1838:13 April
1832:Archived
1417:See also
1410:metaphor
1201:created
957:ISO 9241
918:Splint,
902:cattails
709:cushions
584:fauteuil
568:Armrests
562:buttocks
545:whiplash
482:length.
406:PVC pipe
383:, France
353:polymers
345:laminate
217:origin.
166:Monobloc
125:cathedra
91:footrest
87:recliner
52:mahogany
2487:"Chair"
2198:21 July
2166:"BIFMA"
2087:cdc.gov
1986:21 July
1963:21 July
1577:11 June
1368:in the
1299:Toronto
1199:Christo
1140:ottoman
1086:scholar
1061:"Chair"
1050:removed
1035:sources
928:hickory
914:Rawhide
791:scholar
766:"Chair"
755:removed
740:sources
574:Armrest
555:Padding
394:drilled
349:leather
341:plywood
271:sitting
233:leather
203:benches
189:in the
180:chair.
178:plastic
132:History
119:chaiere
43:Chair,
2584:Chairs
2567:
2557:
2547:
2339:
2123:6 June
2114:
2065:
2042:5 June
2033:
2008:13 May
1937:13 May
1911:13 May
1889:13 May
1861:
1808:13 May
1770:13 May
1728:13 May
1669:13 May
1643:13 May
1621:13 May
1599:13 May
1531:13 May
1509:13 May
1487:13 May
1366:leader
1278:Geneva
1233:Chaise
1088:
1081:
1074:
1067:
1059:
950:Mexico
891:Caning
869:marble
793:
786:
779:
772:
764:
588:chaise
580:French
533:lumbar
404:, and
390:porous
357:office
256:throne
249:gilded
215:feudal
199:chests
195:Canada
114:chaere
18:Chairs
2521:chair
1268:is a
1129:Eames
1093:JSTOR
1079:books
798:JSTOR
784:books
715:Seats
601:Elbow
511:Hubei
465:stool
381:Paris
322:Polio
306:Sears
283:Japan
279:Korea
275:China
267:stele
245:ivory
241:ebony
237:Egypt
174:white
110:Chair
76:metal
64:chair
2565:ISBN
2555:ISBN
2545:ISBN
2498:2016
2470:2016
2445:2020
2420:2020
2395:2020
2369:2016
2337:ISBN
2318:2024
2311:MoMA
2293:2024
2243:2024
2200:2017
2125:2021
2112:ISBN
2063:ISBN
2044:2021
2031:ISBN
2010:2012
1988:2017
1965:2017
1939:2012
1913:2012
1891:2012
1859:ISBN
1840:2022
1810:2012
1772:2012
1730:2012
1699:2018
1671:2012
1645:2012
1623:2012
1601:2012
1579:2017
1554:2017
1533:2012
1511:2012
1489:2012
1284:and
1262:The
1065:news
1033:any
1031:cite
972:ANSI
908:Reed
898:rush
770:news
738:any
736:cite
586:and
493:and
478:and
456:").
446:body
252:wood
243:and
193:and
164:The
146:The
93:; a
72:wood
68:seat
1355:An
1318:MIA
1276:in
1184:An
1044:by
926:or
924:oak
920:ash
749:by
649:An
351:or
281:or
213:or
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1429:,
1370:UK
1308:,
1230:La
1224:,
1146:A
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703:A
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226:c.
209:,
201:,
152:c.
150:,
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