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260:. On the upper part of the body, however, the pleats are wavy, diagonal or curved. This contrast in the garment representation is also followed by the body’s contrapuntal posture, so that the statue does not show any rigidity, but looks perfectly mobile and almost real. The entire statue is as if it is animated by a gradual shift to the right starting from the solid stance of the feet and progressing sequentially through the body passing the hips, chest and head to end up at its gaze. The hands are spread out holding the reins, with the long and thin fingers tightening – together with the reins – a cylindrical object, the riding crop.
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232:'s description of the Spartan Monument from Delphi having an "unusual blue and glossy patina, due to peculiarities of the air inside the sanctuary." After a century of indoor exposure the Charioteer has turned greenish, although the lower torso still preserves a bluish coloration. The statue is almost intact except that his left forearm and some details on the head are missing including the copper inlays on the lips and most of the silver eyelashes and headband. The statue is one of the few Greek bronzes to preserve the inlaid glass eyes. Greek bronzes were
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Most bronze statues from ancient times have long been melted down for their raw materials or were naturally corroded, but the
Charioteer survived because it was buried under a rock-fall at Delphi, which probably destroyed the site in 373 B.C.. Some freestanding bronze statues, however, including the
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Unusually for this era, the
Charioteer is clothed head to foot. Most athletes at this time would have competed, and been depicted nude. The young man would certainly have been of a lower status than his master Polyzalos, and Honour and Fleming have speculated that he may have been a household slave
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cities were very wealthy compared with most of the cities of mainland Greece, and their rulers could afford the most magnificent offerings to the gods, as well as the best horses and drivers. It is unlikely, however, the statue itself comes from Sicily. The name of the sculptor is unknown, but for
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The
Charioteer is not portrayed during the race, as in this case his movement would be more intense, but in the end of the race, after his victory, when – being calm and full of happiness – he makes the victory lap in the hippodrome. His attractive gemstone eyes evoke what Classical period Greeks
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of the
Archaic period, but the pose is still very rigid when compared with later works of the Classical period. One departure from the Archaic style is that the head is inclined slightly to one side. The naturalistic rendering of his feet was greatly admired in ancient times. The introverted
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were chosen for their lightness, but also needed to be tall, so they were frequently teenagers. It seems that it represents a teenager from a noble family of his time; aristocratic chariot racers selected their drivers from glorious noble families in the
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after the statue, whose robes it closely resembled. These gowns are considered important pieces of early 20th century fashion and art objects in their own right. A Delphos gown was, in 2003, the only fashion garment in the collection of the
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It was originally part of a larger group of statuary, including the chariot, at least four horses and possibly two grooms. Some fragments of the horses were found with the statue. The masterpiece has been associated with the sculptor
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called ethos and greatness. His motion is instantaneous, but also eternal. In spite of the great victory, there are no shouts, but a inner power. The face and the body do not have any instability; those have a great self-confidence.
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of either 478 or 474 BC, which were held at Delphi in honor of
Pythean Apollo. It has also been suggested that the complex was actually commemorating the victory of Polyzalos' brother, Hieron, at the same games in analogy to his
252:), reaching down to his ankles. A wide belt tightens the tunic high above the waist, while two other bands pass as suspenders over the shoulders, under the arms and criss-cross in the back. This is the
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which keeps the garment from billowing in the wind during the race. The deep vertical pleats in the lower part of the tunic emphasize the
Charioteer’s solid posture, resembling also the fluting of an
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471:, Institute of Classical Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of London, Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies, Monograph, BICS Supplement 138 (London), pp. 24-35, pls 16-30.
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Mircea, Magda, Frank, Walter A. (Summer 2005). "Plutarch's Report on the Blue Patina of Bronze
Statues at Delphi: A Scientific Explanation".
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charioteer, have been rediscovered in the 20th century. On discovery the figure exhibited a bluish appearance which correlates with
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in sections and then assembled. When discovered, the statue was in three pieces—head and upper torso, lower torso, and right arm.
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An inscription on the limestone base of the statue shows that it was dedicated by
Polyzalus, the
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The figure is of a very young man, as is shown by his soft side-curls. Like modern jockeys,
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The statue was set up at Delphi, Greece to commemorate one of two victories of the tyrant
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Greek Large-Scale Bronze
Statuary: The Late Archaic and Classical Periods
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485:(in Italian). Alessandria: Edizioni dell'Orso. pp. 124–5.
421:. 5th edn. Revised and expanded by Anthony F. Janson. London:
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Cumming, Valerie; Cunnington, C.W.; Cunnington, P.E. (2010).
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stylistic reasons it is believed that the statue was cast in
459:. 7th edn. London: Laurence King Publishing, pp. 132-135.
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In about 1907, some ten years after the discovery of the
248:. The Charioteer wears the customary long tunic (the
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Ancient Greek bronze statues of the classical period
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Iscrizioni Greche
Arcaiche di Sicilia e Magna Grecia
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Detail of the statue's head, showing the inlaid eyes
289:expression does away with the old 'Archaic smile'.
268:whom it was not appropriate to depict in the nude.
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513:Journal of the American Institute for Conservation
280:is classed as "Early Classical" or "Severe" (see
177:, as a tribute to Apollo for helping him win the
635:Objects of design from the Museum of Modern Art
750:Collection of the Delphi Archaeological Museum
564:, Β. Γιαννίκος - Β. Καλδής Ο.Ε., 1984, p. 144.
82:driver was found in 1896 at the Sanctuary of
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735:Archaeological discoveries in Central Greece
684:Delphi: The Bellybutton of the Ancient World
525:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
284:). The statue is more naturalistic than the
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373:Detail of the statue's head and arm
361:Fragments and drawing of Charioteer
78:. The life-size (1.8m) statue of a
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608:The dictionary of fashion history
560:Βαγγέλη Πεντάζου - Μαρίας Σαρλά,
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141:who lived and worked in Sicily,
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710:1896 archaeological discoveries
145:, as well as with the sculptor
578:; photographs by Neil (1993).
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611:. Oxford: Berg. p. 64.
385:Back view of the Charioteer.
92:Delphi Archaeological Museum
74:, and an example of ancient
760:Sculptures of men in Greece
740:Bronze sculptures in Greece
677:University of Saskatchewan.
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725:Ancient Greek athletic art
687:. BBC 4. 21:42 minutes in
574:Martin, Richard; Selkirk,
116:of Gela in Sicily and his
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632:Antonelli, Paola (2003).
303:Mariano Fortuny y Madrazo
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129:after his victory at the
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16:Ancient bronze sculpture
455:and J. Fleming, (2009)
189:Design and completeness
720:Ancient chariot racing
481:Arena, Renato (1998).
467:; Dafas, K. A., 2019.
457:A World History of Art
397:Position in the museum
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662:Charioteer of Delphi.
496:"Western Sculpture".
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312:Museum of Modern Art
216:Charioteer of Delphi
173:, a Greek colony in
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500:. October 11, 2015.
498:Britannica Academic
423:Thames & Hudson
276:Stylistically, the
90:. It is now in the
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548:2015-04-08 at the
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453:Honour, H.
431:0500237018
425:, p. 142.
403:References
299:Charioteer
278:Charioteer
218:, (3:38),
98:Background
282:Greek art
183:hexameter
114:Polyzalus
104:Sculpture
52:Heniokhos
671:Archived
546:Archived
254:analavos
230:Plutarch
151:Sicilian
417:(1995)
318:Gallery
147:Calamis
127:ex voto
120:in the
118:chariot
80:chariot
60:Ἡνίοχος
691:23 Nov
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562:Δελφοί
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286:kouroi
250:xystís
175:Sicily
167:tyrant
156:Athens
149:. The
88:Delphi
84:Apollo
68:statue
62:, the
40:, head
272:Style
56:Greek
693:2010
640:ISBN
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586:ISBN
527:link
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234:cast
171:Gela
106:and
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44:The
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