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created for us certain 'standards' or 'norms', usually 'tacit' (and also, at a more general level, 'values', more general concepts of what is humanly good and bad); the standards, norms and/or values lead to readiness to notice only certain features of our situations, they determine what 'facts' are relevant; the facts noticed are evaluated against the norms, a process which leads to our taking regulatory action and modifies the norms or standards, so that future experiences will be evaluated differently.
41:
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372:, Captain Vickers held a barrier for some hours against heavy German bomb attacks from front and flank. Regardless of the fact that his own retreat would be cut off, he had ordered a second barrier to be built behind him in order to ensure the safety of the trench. Finally he was severely wounded, but not before his magnificent courage and determination had enabled the second barrier to be completed. A critical situation was thus saved.
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282:, where his father Charles Henry Vickers ran a successful lace business, Vickers & Hine Ltd. He described his first day of school as "school introduced me to the anguish reserved both for the non-conformist who wishes to conform and the awkward who long to excel in dexterity". He attended Bramcote, a preparatory school near Scarborough and then
550:. On the inside jacket cover he muses 'The Industrial band-wagon rolls ever faster onwards, remaking the world we live in and with it ourselves. Are we in the driving seat or merely passengers – or even under the wheels? What part does human decision making play in directing or controlling the process?'.
660:
Geoffrey
Vickers continued corresponding with Peter Checkland in the years before Vickers' death and discussed the relationship between systems ideas and real-world experience. From those discussions Checkland created the model of the appreciative process, that may be used as a basis for making sense
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I find it surprising that we have no accepted word to describe the activity of attaching meaning to communication or the code by which we do so, a code which is constantly confirmed, developed or changed by use. I have for many years referred to this mental activity as "appreciation'; and to the code
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which creates for all of us, individually and socially, our appreciated world....The appreciative settings condition new experience but are modified by the new experience. Such circular relations
Vickers takes to be the common facts of social life, but we fail to see this clearly, he argues, because
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He later described his home as "a place of unalloyed happiness. The only stresses of the time came from the external world of school or the internal world of awakening conflict and confusion ... I remember nothing desired that was satisfied by spending money of mine and nothing that was denied for
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Vickers suggests replacing the goal-setting and goal-seeking with feedback models in which personal, institutional or cultural activity consists in maintaining desired relationships and eluding undesired ones. The process is a cyclical one which operates like this: Our previous experiences have
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Vickers argues that our human experience develops within us 'readiness to notice particular aspects of our situation, to discriminate them in particular ways and to measure them against particular standards of comparison...' These readinesses are organized into an
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Vickers coined the term "appreciative system" in his 1968 article "Science and the
Appreciative System" to refer to "the activity of attaching meaning to communication or the code by which we do so". In "Human Systems are Different" (1983) Vickers explained:
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lack of money ... we moved by bicycle and bus, played in each other's gardens and stayed in farmhouses". He described his father as "the best and most lovable man I ever knew; and he seemed to combine the two superlatives without the slightest effort".
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624:; and to the state of that code at any time as its "appreciative setting'. I call it a system because, although tolerant of ambiguity and even inconsistency, it is sensitive to them and tries to reconcile them.
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I'm interested in
Systems from the personal up to the very large, human, social systems, I'm also interested in systems of concepts and values through which we see all the others which I call appreciative
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Between 1955 and 1958 he took part in the 'Round Table on Man and
Industry', a project sponsored by the School of Social Work at the University of Toronto, the conclusions of which were published in
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528:. At the time of creation on 1 January 1947 when some 750,000 workers from 800 different private companies became part of the largest employer in the western world where he worked alongside
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His second wife, and close companion, died in 1972. His manuscripts for 'Western
Culture and Systems Thinking' and 'Autonomy and Responsibility' were constantly rejected for publication.
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In 1938 he established and chaired the 'Association for
Service and Reconstruction. The above initiative put him in touch with a number of people who met regularly in a group called '
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Reprint from the
Institute of Internal Studies, University of California Berkeley. Also includes photocopy of the article taken from "Human Relations". Volume 24, number 5, 1971.
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and was chairman of the
Research Committee of Mental Health Research Fund from 1951 to 1967. In 1977 he was president of the Society for General Systems Research, now the
411:. He specialised in the legal aspects of large financial operations, many of which had international dimensions. In 1930 he was one of the first to take the five-day
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of the world we live in. Checkland (2004) worked on numerous examples to demonstrate the way in which the model may be applied in very different situations.
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to describe human activity. He recognised that appreciation of systems requires the participation of not only the observer, but also that of the subject.
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After the war, Vickers had a successful career in management and administration before becoming a prolific writer and speaker on the subject of social
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Much of his work is devoted to the analysis of judgement in terms of what he called 'appreciative behaviour': this is described most effectively in
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In August
Germany invaded Belgium, we had a treaty with Belgium, so we all stopped what we were doing and went off to war. It was as simple as that.
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Geoffrey died in 1982; however, the influence for his work is still alive. The International Society for the Systems Sciences presents the
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Rethinking Public Policy-Making: Questioning Assumptions, Challenging Beliefs: Essays in Honour of Sir Geoffrey Vickers on His Centenary'
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commercial flight from the UK to India and during the 1930s he was also involved in negotiating the extension of the German debt.
532:. Afterwards he became a member of National Coal Board in charge of manpower, training, education, health and welfare (1948–55).
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517:. He introduced the concept of 'Appreciative Systems' to describe human activity. His work was taken up by researchers at the
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and as second in command, 1 Bn, The Lincolnshire Regiment in 1918. Explaining his thoughts about going to war, he later wrote
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In 1930 he made a five-day flight to India during the first year of commercial airline service between Britain and India
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330:(7th Robin Hood Battalion) and was in France before the end of 1914 first as a second lieutenant, promoted to temporary
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In 1977 he moved to a retirement home, on the same street in Goring-on-Thames on which he had lived for many years.
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in particular. Vickers is regarded as a systems practitioner rather than an academic. He introduced the concept of
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each year in his memory. His military medals were left to the Sherwood Foresters Collection and are on display in
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Geoffrey Vickers' perspectives on moral and political philosophy can be presented through three key terms:
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of the concentration in our science-based culture on linear causal chains and on the notion of goal-seeking.
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in 1919. He qualified as a solicitor in 1923 and by 1926 he was a partner in the leading London law firm of
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603:(1965). He believed that social institutions are best analysed as systems, and his published work, notably
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His brother Burnell was killed in action on 21 June 1917 while serving with the 184th Siege Battery of the
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1974:
326:. He and his brother William Burnell Vickers volunteered for service in the army. Geoffrey joined the
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1615:, ed. (2004). "Geoffrey Vickers 2004: Contemporary Applications and Changing Appreciative Settings".
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257:, and was knighted following World War II, during which he served as Deputy Director General at the
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454:. The Moot itself grew out of a conference on Church, Community and State held in Oxford in 1937.
368:. When nearly all his men had been killed or wounded, and with only two men available to hand him
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218:(13 October 1894 – 16 March 1982) was an English lawyer, administrator, writer and pioneering
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and the complex patterns of social organisation. His work was taken up by researchers at the
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The moral importance of responsibility to the maintenance of human culture and cooperation
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The Undirected Society. Essays on the human implications of industrialisation in Canada
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Vickers, "Science and the Appreciative System", in: Human Relations.(1968); 21: 99-119
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and Mental Health Research Fund. In the later years he wrote and lectured on social
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and the complex patterns of social organisation. He wrote many books including The
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Garrath Williams (2004), "Geoffrey Vickers: philosopher of responsibility", in:
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Geoffrey Vickers (1987). Guy B. Adams; John Forester; Bayard L. Catron (eds.).
474:, in charge of economic intelligence. From 1941 to 1945 he was a member of the
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Rethinking the Future – Correspondence between Geoffrey Vickers and Adolf Lowe
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294:, Oxford where he briefly studied Classics from 1913 until the start of war.
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1174:. Worcestershire and Sherwood Foresters Regimental museum. Archived from
1172:"WORCESTERSHIRE AND SHERWOOD FORESTERS REGIMENT -VICTORIA CROSS WINNERS"
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Rethinking the Future: The Correspondence Between Geoffrey Vickers and
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In the later years Vickers wrote and lectured on the subject of social
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Geoffrey Vickers (1984). Geoffrey Vickers; Open Systems Group (eds.).
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British library of political and economical science, retrieved 2007.
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A summary of the work of Sir Geoffrey Vickers by Dr Richard Varey
1537:(2004), "Webs of significance: the work of Geoffrey Vickers" in:
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Freedom in a rocking boat: changing values in an unstable society
222:. He had varied interests with roles at different times with the
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Presidents of the International Society for the Systems Sciences
1436:. International Society for the Systems Sciences. Archived from
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567:. His papers relating to systems thinking are archived at the
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After the war he returned to Oxford and took a pass degree in
318:
Photo submitted by Martin Hornby - (Gallaher Cigarette Cards).
1693:
Search Open University resources relating to Geoffrey Vickers
676:
The analysis of modern society in terms of institutions; and
261:, in charge of economic intelligence and as a member of the
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Victoria Crosses on the Western Front, April 1915–June 1916
364:
For most conspicuous bravery on 14th October, 1915, in the
1015:"Some Implications of Systems Thinking" (unpub. TS), 1978.
1000:"Incomes and Earnings–A Steady State?" (pub.), circa 1960.
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International Society for the Systems Sciences Presidents
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Copies of Vickers-Simon Correspondence (unpub. TS), 1973.
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From 1946 to 1948 he was also first Legal Advisor to the
354:(Belgium) in 1918. The citation for his VC, appearing in
1493:
Open University interview with Vickers filmed in 1978 -
1024:"The Weakness of Western Culture" (unpub. TS), undated.
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In June 1918 he commanded a composite battalion in the
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My Family – Memories of four generations before my own
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for which he was awarded the Belgian Croix de Guerre.
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Our human capacity to respond aptly to our situation;
470:, and was seconded as Deputy Director General at the
238:
and the complex patterns of social organisation. The
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British World War I recipients of the Victoria Cross
997:"Purpose and Force; The Bases of Order" (pub), 1940.
1905:
1779:
1715:
The Victoria Cross Awards to the Sherwood Foresters
1021:"Autonomous Yet Responsible?" (unpub. TS), undated.
1018:"The Poverty of Problem-Solving" (unpub. TS), 1980.
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954:Moods and Tenses, 'Occasional Poems of an Old Man
1593:Margaret Blunden and Malcolm Dando, ed. (1995).
1300:Policymaking, Communication, and Social Learning
1266:Policymaking, Communication, and Social Learning
881:Policymaking, Communication, and Social Learning
1698:Geoffrey Vickers Archive at the Open University
1336:VICKERS, Col Sir (Charles) Geoffrey (1894–1982)
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595:Appreciative systems and appreciative behaviour
362:
340:
1736:Additional detail of events of 14 October 1915
1628:Batchelor, Peter; Matson, Christopher (2011).
1157:(Supplement). 16 November 1915. p. 11448.
541:International Society for the Systems Sciences
244:International Society for the Systems Sciences
2480:British Army recipients of the Victoria Cross
2221:
1756:
1709:The Appreciative System of Urban ICT Policies
1356:"Coal Industry Nationalisation – 60 Years On"
714:The Art of Judgment: A Study of Policy Making
641:in his "Systems Thinking Systems Practice":
8:
1771:Subfields of and cyberneticians involved in
1718:(photos, site includes other articles on SF)
1525:"Systems Thinking Systems Practice" (p. 262)
2465:Recipients of the Croix de guerre (Belgium)
1006:"Towards a More Stable State" (pub.), 1972.
607:(1983), made far-reaching contributions to
2228:
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1105:. Oxford: Basil Blackwell. pp. 98–99.
1012:"Whither the Mixed Economy?" (pub.), 1973.
1003:"The Management of Conflict" (pub.), 1972.
535:From 1952 until 1960 he was member of the
28:
1731:Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives
978:Vickers; et al. (20 December 1941).
278:Geoffrey Vickers was born and grew up in
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350:(VC) for action in October 1915 and the
1617:Systems Research and Behavioral Science
1552:Systems Research and Behavioral Science
1539:Systems Research and Behavioral Science
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992:Vickers writings in Adolph Lowe Archive
2450:British Army personnel of World War II
1711:paper by Galit Cohen and Peter Nijkamp
1297:Vickers, Sir Geoffrey (January 1987).
1263:Vickers, Sir Geoffrey (January 1987).
1166:
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611:in its applications to human society.
2445:British Army personnel of World War I
1331:
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815:Responsibility Its Sources and Limits
7:
2470:Royal Lincolnshire Regiment officers
2237:Society for General Systems Research
1070:
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1066:
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1043:"Vickers Lace Company of Nottingham"
986:(7). Army Bureau of Current Affairs.
628:In a 1978 interview Vickers added:
360:in November 1915, reads as follows:
561:Sir Geoffrey Vickers Memorial Award
240:Sir Geoffrey Vickers Memorial Award
2485:Military personnel from Nottingham
25:
1465:. Open University. 15 March 2011.
1103:Merton College Register 1900–1964
733:Towards a sociology of management
322:His education was interrupted by
2435:Alumni of Merton College, Oxford
2430:People educated at Oundle School
754:Value systems and social process
489:(1942–46) and of the Council of
487:London Passenger Transport Board
253:in World War I while serving in
224:London Passenger Transport Board
115:
95:
39:
1842:Cybernetics in the Soviet Union
699:. University of Toronto Press.
1723:Location of grave and VC medal
1232:Vickers, Sir Geoffrey (1984).
665:Moral and political philosophy
466:; he was re-commissioned as a
212:Sir (Charles) Geoffrey Vickers
33:Sir (Charles) Geoffrey Vickers
1:
1463:"Geoffrey Vickers collection"
817:. Intersystems Publications.
1554:, Vol 22, Is 4, pp. 291-298.
1541:, Vol 22, Is 4, pp. 291-298.
1101:Levens, R.G.C., ed. (1964).
898:Jeanie Vickers, ed. (1991).
485:He was also a member of the
476:Joint Intelligence Committee
472:Ministry of Economic Warfare
263:Joint Intelligence Committee
259:Ministry of Economic Warfare
2440:Sherwood Foresters officers
1119:Batchelor & Matson 2011
835:Human Systems Are Different
605:Human Systems are Different
515:Human Systems are Different
2511:
2495:Territorial Force officers
2460:British systems scientists
1822:Computational neuroscience
1634:VCs of the First World War
1303:. Transaction Publishers.
1269:. Transaction Publishers.
931:. Oxford Basil Blackwell.
905:. Transaction Publishers.
758:. Tavistock Publications.
385:Second Battle of the Marne
246:since 1987 in his memory.
242:has been presented by the
2396:
2244:
1510:27 September 2007 at the
1075:Geoffrey Vickers (1972).
952:Geoffrey Vickers (1983).
929:The Secret of Tarbury Tor
832:Geoffrey Vickers (1983).
813:Geoffrey Vickers (1980).
795:'Making Institutions Work
792:Geoffrey Vickers (1973).
773:Geoffrey Vickers (1972).
750:Geoffrey Vickers (1968).
731:Geoffrey Vickers (1967).
712:Geoffrey Vickers (1965).
695:Geoffrey Vickers (1959).
511:Freedom in a rocking Boat
38:
1995:Charles Geoffrey Vickers
1882:Second-order cybernetics
1500:25 November 2005 at the
537:Medical Research Council
378:Royal Garrison Artillery
232:Medical Research Council
45:Geoffrey Vickers in 1973
18:Charles Geoffrey Vickers
1857:Engineering cybernetics
1787:Artificial intelligence
1663:Oldfield, Paul (2015).
980:"A Background Bulletin"
620:which it uses, as its "
310:Vickers during the war.
2180:Walter Bradford Cannon
2070:Ludwig von Bertalanffy
1925:Alfred Radcliffe-Brown
1872:Management cybernetics
1797:Biomedical cybernetics
1792:Biological cybernetics
1630:The Western Front 1915
1403:The Undirected Society
1341:9 January 2016 at the
658:
635:
626:
548:The Undirected society
374:
344:
319:
311:
255:The Sherwood Foresters
151:The Sherwood Foresters
2140:Anthony Stafford Beer
1975:Ernst von Glasersfeld
1597:. Sage Publications.
643:
630:
617:
422:' that also included
317:
309:
129:Years of service
2170:Valentin Braitenberg
2050:Jay Wright Forrester
1703:Appreciative Systems
1569:University of Albany
1565:"Adolph Lowe Papers"
1136:Biographical History
735:. Chapman and Hall.
716:. SAGE Publication.
622:appreciative system'
601:The Art of Judgement
589:appreciative systems
436:John Middleton Murry
430:, Reinhard Niebuhr,
366:Hohenzollern redoubt
334:in 1915 and then to
132:1914–1919, 1939–1945
2195:William Grey Walter
2135:Sergei P. Kurdyumov
2095:N. Katherine Hayles
1877:Medical cybernetics
1837:Conversation theory
1669:Pen and Sword Books
1484:Vickers 1983, p. 43
649:appreciative system
526:National Coal Board
346:He was awarded the
249:He was awarded the
2475:English solicitors
2333:Heinz von Foerster
2315:James Grier Miller
2291:Lawrence Slobodkin
2255:Charles McClelland
2175:William Ross Ashby
2100:Natalia Bekhtereva
2075:Maleyka Abbaszadeh
2015:Heinz von Foerster
1940:Buckminster Fuller
1867:Information theory
1817:Catastrophe theory
1405:. p. Preface.
1377:"Geoffrey Vickers"
1234:The Vickers Papers
1210:, p. 423-424.
1178:on 18 January 2008
1154:The London Gazette
956:. Jeanie Vickers.
927:Geoffrey Vickers.
855:The Vickers Papers
462:Vickers served in
448:Sir Walter Moberly
357:The London Gazette
328:Sherwood Foresters
320:
312:
2407:
2406:
2387:Russell L. Ackoff
2203:
2202:
2125:Ranulph Glanville
2040:Jakob von Uexküll
2020:Humberto Maturana
1980:Francis Heylighen
1655:978-0-7524-6057-4
1646:The History Press
1310:978-1-4128-3100-0
1276:978-1-4128-3100-0
857:. HarperCollins.
565:Nottingham Castle
409:Slaughter and May
220:systems scientist
209:
208:
204:Systems scientist
16:(Redirected from
2502:
2369:John N. Warfield
2339:Geoffrey Vickers
2249:Kenneth Boulding
2230:
2223:
2216:
2207:
2190:Warren McCulloch
2165:Valentin Turchin
2115:Pyotr Grigorenko
2060:John N. Warfield
1985:Francisco Varela
1945:Charles François
1915:Alexander Lerner
1892:Sociocybernetics
1812:Neurocybernetics
1765:
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1440:on 25 March 2008
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1383:on 13 March 2005
1379:. Archived from
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1049:on 1 August 2009
1045:. Archived from
1039:
987:
967:
940:
916:
894:
868:
849:
838:. Paul Chapman.
828:
809:
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769:
757:
746:
727:
708:
689:Systems thinking
609:systems thinking
581:systems analysis
575:Systems practice
530:E. F. Schumacher
507:Art of Judgement
503:systems analysis
413:Imperial Airways
401:European history
290:before entering
236:systems analysis
121:
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110:
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81:Goring-on-Thames
77:
60:
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2381:Peter Checkland
2345:Richard Ericson
2327:Kjell Samuelson
2267:Anatol Rapaport
2240:
2234:
2204:
2199:
2155:Talcott Parsons
2145:Stuart Kauffman
2045:Jason Jixuan Hu
2030:Igor Aleksander
2010:Gregory Bateson
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1920:Alexey Lyapunov
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2351:Brian Gaines
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2261:Willam Ashby
2185:Walter Pitts
2090:Marian Mazur
1994:
1965:Cliff Joslyn
1807:Biosemiotics
1725:
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1572:. Retrieved
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1442:. Retrieved
1438:the original
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1385:. Retrieved
1381:the original
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1180:. Retrieved
1176:the original
1152:
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1051:. Retrieved
1047:the original
1037:
991:
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972:World War II
971:
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945:
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941:– circa 1926
928:
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123:British Army
76:(1982-03-16)
26:
2425:1982 deaths
2420:1894 births
2363:George Klir
2321:Gordon Pask
2279:John Milsum
2263:(1962–1964)
2257:(1959–1961)
2120:Qian Xuesen
2000:Gordon Pask
1897:Synergetics
1862:Homeostasis
1802:Biorobotics
1773:cybernetics
1149:"No. 29371"
902:Adolph Lowe
493:(1938–50).
491:Law Society
452:Adolph Lowe
440:T. S. Eliot
324:World War I
302:World War I
228:Law Society
164:World War I
85:Oxfordshire
2414:Categories
2273:Peter Caws
2239:Presidents
1574:18 January
1505:Transcript
1495:Video Clip
1444:18 January
1387:18 January
1361:18 January
1316:10 October
1282:10 October
1197:CWGC entry
1182:18 January
1053:18 January
1029:References
937:B001KH9J40
705:B000I2XXRC
497:Afterwards
424:Joe Oldham
280:Nottingham
274:Early life
91:Allegiance
64:Nottingham
57:1894-10-13
2251:(1957–58)
1852:Emergence
1780:Subfields
798:. Wiley.
269:Biography
192:(Belgium)
66:, England
1613:Ray Ison
1508:Archived
1498:Archived
1339:Archived
633:systems.
420:The Moot
109:Service/
478:of the
468:colonel
332:captain
141:Colonel
2389:(1987)
2383:(1986)
2377:(1985)
2371:(1982)
2365:(1981)
2359:(1980)
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2347:(1978)
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2335:(1976)
2329:(1975)
2323:(1974)
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2281:(1967)
2275:(1966)
2269:(1965)
1675:
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1638:Stroud
1601:
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946:Poetry
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397:French
178:Awards
120:
111:branch
100:
370:bombs
336:major
1673:ISBN
1650:ISBN
1623:(4).
1599:ISBN
1576:2008
1446:2008
1389:2008
1363:2008
1318:2008
1305:ISBN
1284:2008
1271:ISBN
1238:ISBN
1184:2008
1055:2008
958:ISBN
933:ASIN
907:ISBN
885:ISBN
859:ISBN
840:ISBN
819:ISBN
800:ISBN
779:ISBN
760:ISBN
737:ISBN
718:ISBN
701:ASIN
513:and
450:and
403:and
286:; a
147:Unit
137:Rank
71:Died
51:Born
405:law
2416::
1671:.
1667:.
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