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879:. Receiving strong resistance to this, they conceded to marrying her to a French prince, which left the candidacy of the unmarried Nemours and duke of Guise open. The Estates would be thrown into chaos when Henri announced his conversion to Catholicism, and be unable to reach any consensus as to who to elect in opposition, breaking up with little accomplished.
777:. On 31 May the two joined a large procession to conduct the relics of Saint-Denis to Notre-Dame. Arriving in the cathedral the men and the other notables present swore at the altar that they would devote their lives to preserving the Catholic religion in Paris, and would die before serving Henri IV. In July Henri secured Saint-Denis and the
745:. The battle began after an ineffective artillery duel, with a series of engagements along the line. Nemours mauled the forces under Montpensier however this could not make up for the victory of Henri himself in the centre, who bested the forces under Mayenne and sent them fleeing. Henri was left in control of the field.
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Mayenne attempted further negotiations with Henri during March 1592. He insisted that his governorship of
Bourgogne be a hereditary guarantee, something the king could not countenance, a host of other demands, among which was the provision of the governorship of the Lyonnais to him as an expansion of
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In April 1591 Nemours returned back down south to Lyon, hardened by his experience of campaigning in the north. He was determined to impose himself on his governate. Importing luxury furniture and expanding his residence he was determined to carve out a place for himself in the manner of a prince. He
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in this effort and decided to reunify the army under his personal command. After the defeat at Arques, Nemours was charged with racing back to Paris with an advanced guard of cavalry to see to the cities defences against any advance from the king, a task in which he was successful, leading to Henri's
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was made commander of 12 companies of light horse, which were reclassified as a component of the royal guard. This aroused the fury of Guise, and also
Nemours who by this time had acquired for himself the position of colonel-general of the light cavalry and saw this dilution of his authority for what
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army around the south-eastern frontier of the kingdom, with troops afforded to him by the duke of Savoy. Their presence was considered a great threat by Henri, who appointed the recently submitted duke of Guise as governor of
Provence, hoping that he could combat the rebel presence in the region. In
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and several smaller places around Lyon. Nemours held out from assisting Bellièvre, hopeful that he still had supporters in Lyon, and allied foreign armies in the area. Saint-Sorlin also resisted negotiations. Bellièvre reported to the king on the hopeless situation on 22 July. Nemours escaped from
907:, with the six representatives appointed by Nemours expelled from the council. Nemours arrived for a showdown with the rebellious council in September of that year and was promptly detained on 21 September and imprisoned in the citadel of Pierre-Scize. The council, which no longer styled itself as
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had however appointed Fortis the militia captain for the quarter of Saint-Vincent. Therefore, the council complained to
Nemours about his arbitrary treatment of Fortis. Nemours protested, that Fortis was not a Frenchman and was a Florentine. The council retorted that regardless, it was not Nemours
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council in Lyon was also manipulated by
Nemours, with the grandee installing two loyal nobles from each of the three components of his governate on the council (Lyonnais, Forez, Beaujolais). This was not enough however to command a majority, allowing the archbishop to take the lead on the council.
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hoped the 'cowed' king would afford them advantage, but Henri was keen to dilute the authority of the former rebels. As a result
Nemours' position as colonel-general of the light cavalry was diluted with several appointments of royal favourites. During this period, Nemours coveted the governate of
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on his path north. Arriving near the capital he fought in the indecisive battles with the royalists in the summer of 1589. The alliance of Henri and
Navarre would last until Henri's assassination on 2 August 1589 at which point Navarre ascended as the royalist candidate for king, as Henri IV. The
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would arrive to negotiate with
Nemours for the capitulation of his brother, but he refused to cooperate. On 25 July he escaped his second captivity, and continued his rebellion. By mid 1595 he was forced into exile by declining military fortunes, and died of a fever on 13 August of that year.
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the relationship was not without issues. Guise's particular popularity inspired jealousy in
Nemours and other members of the Lorraine family. This jealousy contributed to the king's feelings that he could dispose of his most powerful enemy without encountering overwhelming opposition.
242:, where he was among the candidates to become king. By his next return to Lyon, his tyrannical treatment of the city had become intolerable, and he was deposed in a coup by the archbishop, and detained in the citadel. In February 1594 the city would be delivered to the royalists, and
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was established under his direction. The following day, the nobles who had been with
Mayenne were inducted as members of this new sovereign authority. The following month on 13 March, Mayenne was elevated to the position of 'lieutenant-general' of the kingdom by the
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in April. Shortly after establishing this concord, Henri reached out to Mayenne with a proposal for his submission. The Lorraine's would be preserved in their governorships, and Nemours was to be offered maintenance of his control over Lyon with a pension of 10,000
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and Nemours. To this end they argued at the town council to the great nobles that the loans were a product of the 'tyrannical' Henri III and his 'bloodsucker' administration. The Italians continued to depart, and by 1592 only one family, the Capponi, remained.
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Despite this arrest, when he visited his ill mother Catherine de' Medici to tell her what he had just done, he assured her that having dealt with the threat to his authority embodied by the duke of Guise, he had nothing but affection for Elbeuf, Nemours and
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entered a state of war with the crown. Nemours rallied to the cause in support of his kinsmen. As part of the recruitment drive to build up an army in opposition to the royal forces, he was charged to bring to bear 600 Italian horsemen. At this time he was
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but rather a consulate council justified their actions in print as a response to his attempts to rule the council through 'two or three persons who were slaves of his passions'. According to pamphleteers the only politics he understood was that of
804:, Mayenne were frosty. Mayenne showed himself hostile to the authority of Nemours over the Lyonnais. In response, Nemours interfered inside Mayenne's governorship of Bourgogne. In usurpation of Mayenne's authority, Nemours ordered the arrest of
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Ideologically flexible if it secured his families interests, he was open to becoming a royalist in return for his receipt of the governate of the Lyonnais, and Saint-Sorlin's receipt of that of Dauphiné. However this was too much for Henri.
712:, where Henri triumphed, and it was reported that Nemours was wounded. On the first day of the combat, Mayenne had charged Nemours with control of half of the army to conduct an assault on the royal camp while Mayenne assaulted a suburb of
808:, Mayenne's lieutenant-general for the region, due to his perceived caution. It was suspected that he desired to rebuild the Château of the city, which had been destroyed in 1585 in case it became necessary to come to blows with Mayenne.
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council of the city while he conducted rural operations. Saint-Sorlin, only 16 years old when placed into the authority, proved weak and ineffective, and thus the archbishop of Lyon provided the cities leadership in practice.
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towards Italians. To this end he ordered that the property of François Fortis, originally of Florentine extraction, be seized. During the seizure of the property Fortis was killed by the guards who came to repossess it. The
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it was necessary for Henri to secure control over as many of the dukes political allies as he could to avoid them retaliating against the move. In the arrests that followed Nemours was imprisoned, alongside Guise's cousin
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partisans were pushed from Lyon. with only around 6 families remaining by 1589. The merchants of the city, who had previously taken out loans from these Italian bankers tried to have relief for their debts granted by the
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for the province. This was largely dominated by his personal clients, but afforded the town council of Lyon the right to elect two members. He would rarely visit Lyon in the coming years, and as such left his brother
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With Nemours influence over the Lyon council expunged, it would continue to convene under the leadership of the archbishop of Lyon until February 1594, when the town made its submission to the king's representative
274:. Henri was prepared to countenance such an advantageous prospect, but only if the Lorraine family returned from their scheming to royal obedience. Therefore it would not transpire and he would remain unmarried.
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was aware that the duke of Nemours coveted the position, which prior to 1571 had been held by his father. To this end Mandelot sought to walk a careful line in his governorship between appeasing the moderate
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demanding peace and bread. The royalist protestors were however easily swept up by Nemours who organised arrests, hangings and ransoms in response, breaking the movement. He was less keen than many
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and Nemours would not long survive their initial honeymoon period. In 1591, Nemours sought to gain advantage in his influence over the city through an appeal to the general xenophobia of the
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169:, who held the office, died in November 1588, Henri was compelled to recognise Nemours as the new governor due to his political weakness. Frustrated at his continued capitulations to the
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and he continually extorted the people. In revenge for the imprisonment of his brother, Saint-Sorlin, who had been campaigning, unleashed his troops on the countryside around Lyon.
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who sought to carve out French territory for himself. Nemours was happy to support his kinsmen in this enterprise. He achieved the further goal of securing for himself the city of
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Henri was put into a desperate position by the assassination of the duke, with much of the country rising up against him. To this end he entered compact with his former heir, the
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was in progress, Mandelot died. Nemours was appointed by the king to succeed him to the high office on 24 November. The king had promised the position to his secretary of state
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on 13 August 1595 of a fever. His brother Saint-Sorlin became the duke of Nemours, and shortly thereafter laid down him arms and joined the royalist camp in return for 660,000
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council, which had always found him an absent and overbearing governor, chafed under the tax burden his military adventures created for Lyon, and in July 1593 executed a
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the governate of Bourgogne. Nemours who would lose his territory would be granted some indeterminate compensation. These negotiations did not progress anywhere.
211:. The Protestant Henri IV, the royalist candidate for king followed up his victories by besieging Paris. Nemours led the defence of the city in conjunction with
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to capitulate to their demands. In the following years, the king was compelled by the terms of the peace to make war against Protestantism. The former rebel
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495:. All three were received rapturously by the fiercely Catholic crowd, who cried 'Long live the Catholic princes!'. Aumale would be elevated by the Parisian
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were there to greet him. In contravention to the behaviour expected of them upon the arrival of a prince, neither dismounted their horses to greet him.
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in France, and moved back to Paris for a new siege which began in earnest in May. Nemours who had retreated into the city after Ivry was joined by
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died. The kingdom was thus moved to a succession crisis as by the laws of succession the next in line was the king's distant cousin the Protestant
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king in opposition to Henri IV many candidates for the title were present. Among them were Mayenne, the young duke of Guise, the duke of Savoie,
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army had reached 25,000 men and 2000 horse, excluding their subsidiary armies. Henri was left with little alternative but to capitulate to the
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held Paris, Nemours received a warm welcome from the radical Catholics of the city. He then headed to Lyon which had declared itself for the
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assassination damaged the royalist position, and Henri retreated from the capital, which the two kings had been besieging, into Normandie.
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He would not gain any final showdown with the royalists however, retreating into Savoyard territory after the royalist victory of
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The city of Lyon rose up on 23 February in a violent reaction to news of the assassination of the duke, declaring itself for the
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in the city to institute bloody reprisals however. Paris would however be saved from without, by the arrival of an army under
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faction were still alive in November. Having established himself in the position, Nemours would appoint the seneschal of Lyon
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and Nemours, who was a cadet of the sovereign Savoyard dukes. The Spanish in attendance pushed hard for the candidacy of the
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he agreed to exclude Navarre from the succession, commit to a war against heresy and grant various towns and cities to the
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Charles-Emmanuel de Savoie was born in 1567 the eldest son of Jacques de Savoie and Anne d'Este. He had a younger brother,
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on the left bank of the river, causing a panic in the city proper. Protestors who wanted to yield to Henri broke into the
528:, giving him overall authority until such time as they had a king. This displeased Nemours, who had ambitions to lead the
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it was. When Nemours arrived in Paris shortly thereafter on 1 February, Joyeuse and the other chief favourite of the king
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developed his network in the city, in opposition to the Mayenniste party embodied by the archbishop of Lyon's affinity.
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Bellièvre conducted negotiations with the captive Nemours, necessary as his brother Saint-Sorlin held the city of
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controlled Paris on 1 February and on 12 February, he was received at the church of Saint-Jean-de-Grève alongside
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place to conduct violent actions against residents of the city, and that Fortis had great affection for Lyon.
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leaders were arrested by the king. Nemours was however quickly able to bribe his guards and secure freedom.
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one of the late duke of Guise's junior cousins. The two men led the cities defences in alliance with the
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Assassination of Henri I, Duke of Guise, by Henri III, in 1588. Painting by Charles Durupt in the
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becoming governor of Paris on 26 December. On 16 February a general assembly was held at Paris'
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in the city, set to work imposing himself on their structures before departing to join the main
563:. Nemours arrived in the city on 22 March to cries of 'Long live the Catholic prince' from the
298:. In opposition to this succession and other grievances concerning access to royal favour, the
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and took over the post of lieutenant-general in addition to that of governor of the Lyonnais.
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223:. Returning to his governate in 1591, Nemours found himself increasingly in conflict with the
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where he was held, during January through the expedient of bribing his guards. He arrived in
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who had married Mandelot's daughter, but the hopes of being able to successfully appease the
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During 1593 Nemours made an unsuccessful attempt to replicate what Mayenne had achieved in
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approach to the city being only brief before pulling back. The two sides met again at the
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army in pursuit, aiming to drive Henri into the sea, and the two sides met first at the
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faction in the city. In 1592 he campaigned into Dauphiné against the royalist commander
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Henri IV at the unsuccessful siege of Paris, where Nemours led the defence of the city
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and succeeded in containing the commander, causing him to cease interventions into
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Nemours' authority over the light cavalry was further attacked in 1587 after the
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Having escaped imprisonment for the second time in 5 years, he took charge of a
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Anne d'Este had great ambitions for her son's marriage. She sought a match with
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in Dauphiné that year, further weakening the royal position in the province.
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authority, Nemours, the archbishop of Lyon and the urban elite of the city.
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Anatomy of a Power Elite: the Provincial Governors in Early Modern France
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Henri looked to convert his victory at Ivry to a decisive defeat of the
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Charles-Emmanuel de Savoie portrayed in the gallery of portraits of the
215:, putting down a royalist rebellion, before the city was saved for the
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in February 1589. Nemours, granted an initially warm welcome from the
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La Faveur du Roi: Mignons et Courtisans au Temps des Derniers Valois
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right, facing off against the royalist cavalry under the command of
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added as a sweetener. This proposal was however unacceptable to the
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control of the city would be contested between the various poles of
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Charles-Emmanuel de Savoie, prince de Genevois and duc de Nemours
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Martyrs and Murderers: The Guise Family and the Making of Europe
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Henri IV leading the royalist charge during the Battle of Arques
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of his own, and received encouragement in this from his mother
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His imprisonment would not be a long one, quickly escaping the
152:, rallying cavalry to the rebel army, and assisting in forcing
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while his father held the ducal office. By June 1585 the main
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army in the north. He fought at the two royalist victories of
832:. Lesdiguères had been aiming to combat the intervention of
173:, on 23 December 1588, Henri assassinated the leader of the
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as his lieutenant in the city to manage relations with the
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archbishop of Lyon, a prominent ally of the Lorraine family
133:, governor, military commander and rebel during the latter
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and the wider Lorraine family formed the nucleus of a new
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due to their hatred of the royal commander in the region
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Nemours' relations with the 'lieutenant general' of the
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To assist in his administration of the Lyonnais in the
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Despite being politically allied to his brother in law
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in the city and remaining a loyal servant of the king.
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During July 1584, the brother to the king and his heir
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Society in Crisis: France during the Sixteenth Century
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In the campaign season of 1592, Nemours attacked into
674:. Nemours meanwhile left Lyon and moved north, taking
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The Italian bankers of the city, much despised by the
180:. In the wake of the assassination, Nemours and other
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Un RĂ©gicide au nom de Dieu: L'Assassinat d'Henri III
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Hero or Tyrant? Henry III, King of France, 1574-1589
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cause. The city was greatly sympathetic towards the
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notables of the city. Mayenne swore his oath to the
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519:in front of the assembly, and shortly thereafter a
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957:invaded Dauphiné in the hopes of vanquishing him.
1051:Histoire et Dictionnaire des Guerres de Religion
899:council absorbed into his advisory council. The
2619:*member of a cadet branch of the House of Savoy
235:, and capturing Vienne. He participated in the
972:and immunity from any prosecutions. Meanwhile
953:a further effort to combat him, in early 1595
940:captivity 3 days later, disguised as a valet.
716:, however Mayenne faced stern opposition from
463:would also be arrested on a short term basis.
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2013:
8:
1042:Anti-Italianism in Sixteenth Century France
27:Late 16th-century French noble and governor
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2006:
1998:
1966:
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590:war with the crown, Nemours established a
567:population. Soon thereafter he attended a
266:for him. Christine was a granddaughter of
47:
29:
2311:Thomas Emmanuel, Prince of Savoy-Carignan
378:The governor of the Lyonnais since 1571,
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1806:
1782:
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362:when, at Épernon's request, his brother
257:Henri de Savoie, marquis of Saint-Sorlin
2224:Emmanuel Philibert, Prince of Carignano
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406:as lieutenant-general of the province.
2352:Victor Amadeus II, Prince of Carignano
2327:Vittorio Amedeo Teodoro, Duke of Aosta
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1060:The French Wars of Religion, 1559-1598
875:, initially proposing marrying her to
3601:People of the French Wars of Religion
2403:Charles Emmanuel, Prince of Carignano
2378:Amadeus Alexander, Duke of Montferrat
2265:Victor Amadeus I, Prince of Carignano
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1933:
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1710:
1698:
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1123:The Huguenot Struggle for Recognition
1078:Henri IV of France: His Reign and Age
976:became the governor of the Lyonnais.
964:. He died not long thereafter at the
733:Nemours led Mayenne's cavalry on the
434:Having committed to the execution of
342:After the crisis of the war with the
7:
2580:Vittorio Emanuele, Prince of Naples
2188:Thomas Francis, Prince of Carignano
661:, uniting their forces against the
521:Conseil générale de la Sainte Union
2291:Victor Amadeus, Prince of Piedmont
2219:Charles Emmanuel II, Duke of Savoy
410:Assassination of the duke of Guise
102:Jacques de Savoie, duke of Nemours
25:
2868:Ambroise-François de Bournonville
2505:Luigi Amedeo, Duke of the Abruzzi
2499:Vittorio Emanuele, Count of Turin
2493:Emanuele Filiberto, Duke of Aosta
2301:Louis Victor, Prince of Carignano
2229:Eugene Maurice, Count of Soissons
2178:Charles Emmanuel, Duke of Nemours
2152:Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy
2136:Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy
1116:. Librarie Philosophique J. Vrin.
1080:. Johns Hopkins University Press.
824:against the Protestant commander
624:leadership as represented by the
559:, brother to the royal favourite
18:Charles Emmanuel, Duke of Nemours
2762:Guillaume de Poitiers: 1478–14..
2296:Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia
2239:Charles Amadeus, Duke of Nemours
503:. Present were Mayenne; Aumale;
3122:Catherine-Dominique de PĂ©rignon
2373:Charles Emmanuel IV of Sardinia
2270:Louis Thomas, Count of Soissons
2214:Francis Hyacinth, Duke of Savoy
2173:Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy
436:assassinating the duke of Guise
2941:Louis-Auguste-Augustin d'Affry
2357:Eugene Jean, Count of Soissons
2342:Carlo Francesco, Duke of Aosta
2332:Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia
1044:. University of Toronto Press.
422:, where the attack took place.
129:–13 August 1595) was a French
1:
3170:François Certain de Canrobert
2383:Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia
2306:Eugenio, Count of Villafranca
2260:Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia
1022:Constant, Jean-Marie (1996).
1013:Constant, Jean-Marie (1984).
986:Babelon, Jean-Pierre (2009).
455:and the duke's young son the
123:
66:
3364:Military governors of Paris
3350:Carl-Heinrich von StĂĽlpnagel
3336:Military governors of Paris
3041:Military governors of Paris
3007:Barthélemy Catherine Joubert
2934:of the Armed Forces in Paris
2488:Victor Emmanuel III of Italy
2419:Charles Albert I of Sardinia
2388:Maurizio, Duke of Montferrat
2064:Philip I, Prince of Piedmont
877:the Erzherzog von Ă–sterreich
635:Relations between the urban
390:In November 1588, while the
3338:under the German occupation
3176:Achille Baraguey d'Hilliers
3158:Achille Baraguey d'Hilliers
3043:after the French Revolution
2790:Antoine de La Rochefoucauld
2669:Military governors of Paris
2435:Victor Emmanuel II of Italy
2393:Charles Felix I of Sardinia
2347:Benedetto, Duke of Chablais
2121:Philibert II, Duke of Savoy
1121:Sutherland, Nicola (1980).
3622:
2826:Charles-Emmanuel de Savoie
2529:Adalberto, Duke of Bergamo
2466:Oddone, Duke of Montferrat
2126:Charles III, Duke of Savoy
2111:Philibert I, Duke of Savoy
999:. Oxford University Press.
557:the seigneur de La Valette
493:cousin, the duke of Aumale
364:the seigneur de La Valette
34:Charles-Emmanuel de Savoie
3242:Paul-Vincent Faure-Biguet
3236:Georges-Auguste Florentin
2959:Jacques-François de Menou
2947:Jacques-François de Menou
2697:Waléran III de Luxembourg
2616:
2602:Prince Emanuele Filiberto
2517:Ferdinando, Duke of Genoa
2337:Prince Emanuele Filiberto
2244:Henri II, Duke of Nemours
2080:Amadeus IX, Duke of Savoy
1986:
1977:
1969:
1094:Le Roux, Nicolas (2006).
1085:Le Roux, Nicolas (2000).
1049:Jouanna, Arlette (1998).
773:government, known as the
447:candidate for the throne
46:
39:
3086:Louis SĂ©bastien Grundler
3019:François Joseph Lefebvre
2832:Jean-Francois de Faudoas
2523:Filiberto, Duke of Genoa
2511:Umberto, Count of Salemi
2440:Ferdinand, Duke of Genoa
2234:Louis I, Duke of Nemours
2198:Prince Emmanuel Filibert
2157:Jacques, Duke of Nemours
2116:Charles I, Duke of Savoy
2095:Jacques, Count of Romont
2090:Philip II, Duke of Savoy
1125:. Yale University Press.
1035:. Yale University Press.
1031:Harding, Robert (1978).
995:Carroll, Stuart (2011).
855:, called to elect a new
507:, brother of Aumale and
219:by a Spanish army under
3403:Louis-Constant Morlière
2880:Gabriel de Rochechouart
2808:François de Montmorency
2678:under the Ancien RĂ©gime
2398:Giuseppe, Count of Asti
2131:Philip, Duke of Nemours
1112:Sauzet, Robert (1992).
1076:Pitts, Vincent (2012).
1067:Knecht, Robert (2016).
1058:Knecht, Robert (2010).
944:Second escape and death
853:Estates General of 1593
844:Estates General of 1593
743:the duke of Montpensier
489:Guise's brother Mayenne
370:for the light cavalry.
240:Estates General of 1593
135:French Wars of Religion
3278:Michel-Joseph Maunoury
3266:Victor-Constant Michel
3260:Michel-Joseph Maunoury
3254:Jean-Baptiste Dalstein
3218:FĂ©lix-Gustave Saussier
2922:Louis de Cossé-Brissac
2910:Charles Louis d'Albert
2862:François de L'Hospital
2778:Gilbert de Montpensier
2535:Eugenio, Duke of Genoa
2471:Tommaso, Duke of Genoa
2183:Henri, Duke of Nemours
2085:Louis, Count of Geneva
1114:Henri III et Son Temps
1103:Salmon, J.H.M (1979).
1040:Heller, Henry (2003).
1004:Cloulas, Ivan (1979).
865:Isabella Clara Eugenia
767:the chevalier d'Aumale
758:
701:
505:the chevalier d'Aumale
423:
259:who was born in 1572.
213:the chevalier d'Aumale
3355:Dietrich von Choltitz
3296:Charles Emile Moinier
3164:Bernard Pierre Magnan
3128:Nicolas-Joseph Maison
3110:Nicolas-Joseph Maison
3098:Pierre-Augustin Hulin
3092:Nicolas-Joseph Maison
3080:Louis de Rochechouart
3074:Pierre-Augustin Hulin
2977:Jacques Maurice Hatry
2916:Jean de Cossé-Brissac
2886:Charles III de Créquy
2703:Jean II de Luxembourg
2629:Prince of Savoy-Aosta
2624:Prince of Savoy-Genoa
2585:Amedeo, Duke of Aosta
2563:Aimone, Duke of Aosta
2557:Amedeo, Duke of Aosta
1146:, pp. 1144–1145.
955:Constable Montmorency
926:Pomponne de Bellièvre
887:Coup and counter coup
756:
699:
573:cathédrale Saint-Jean
509:the comte de Chaligny
417:
309:. In early 1585, the
264:Christine de Lorraine
251:Early life and family
244:Pomponne de Bellièvre
55:Château de Beauregard
2995:Jean-François Moulin
2784:Charles II d'Amboise
2772:Antoine de Chabannes
2757:Antoine de Chabannes
2059:Louis, Duke of Savoy
1006:Catherine de MĂ©dicis
861:the duke of Lorraine
806:the baron de Sennecy
469:the duke of Lorraine
404:the sieur de Bothéon
380:François de Mandelot
167:François de Mandelot
137:. The eldest son of
3535:Xavier de Zuchowicz
3493:Michel Fennebresque
3345:Otto von StĂĽlpnagel
3152:Nicolas Changarnier
3140:Pierre-Claude Pajol
3013:Jean-Antoine Marbot
2932:General commanders
2838:Charles II de Cossé
2751:Charles de Gaucourt
2745:Charles I d'Amboise
2727:Jacques de Villiers
2721:Philippe de Ternant
2676:Governors of Paris
2552:Umberto II of Italy
1809:, pp. 397–398.
1215:, pp. 229–231.
1107:. Metheun & Co.
873:Elisabeth of Valois
653:Fight for the crown
561:the duke of Épernon
457:prince of Joinville
268:Catherine de Medici
227:, who led the main
3385:Paul Legentilhomme
3379:Marie-Pierre KĹ“nig
3290:Adolphe Guillaumat
3194:Paul de Ladmirault
3182:Louis-Jules Trochu
3146:Tiburce SĂ©bastiani
3134:Auguste de Marmont
3116:Hyacinthe Despinoy
3068:Jean-Andoche Junot
3031:Jean-Andoche Junot
2971:Napoléon Bonaparte
2850:Charles du Plessis
2814:René de Villequier
2456:Umberto I of Italy
962:Fontaine-Française
834:the duke of Savoie
759:
725:on 14 March 1590.
702:
659:Protestant Navarre
626:lieutenant-general
459:. Nemours' mother
441:the duke of Elbeuf
424:
316:prince de Genevois
278:Reign of Henri III
225:archbishop of Lyon
42:prince de Genevois
3568:
3567:
3547:Hervé Charpentier
3439:Philippe de Camas
3212:Alphonse Lecointe
2635:
2634:
2461:Amadeo I of Spain
1996:
1995:
1987:Succeeded by
1973:Jacques de Savoie
791:the duke of Parma
783:palais de justice
687:Reign of Henri IV
592:conseil de guerre
481:Château d'Amboise
428:the duke of Guise
366:was installed as
360:Battle of Coutras
328:Treaty of Nemours
221:the duke of Parma
178:the duke of Guise
139:Jacques de Savoie
117:
116:
16:(Redirected from
3613:
3606:Princes of Savoy
3596:Dukes of Nemours
3591:Counts of Geneva
3523:Pierre Costedoat
3469:Jacques de Barry
3373:Philippe Leclerc
3302:Pierre Berdoulat
3206:Justin Clinchant
2874:Antoine d'Aumont
2856:Hercule de Rohan
2802:Charles de Cossé
2739:Charles de Melun
2733:Charles d'Artois
2715:Jean de Villiers
2709:Jean de La Baume
2662:
2655:
2648:
2639:
2029:Princes of Savoy
2022:
2015:
2008:
1999:
1970:Preceded by
1967:
1961:
1955:
1949:
1943:
1937:
1931:
1925:
1919:
1913:
1907:
1901:
1895:
1882:
1876:
1870:
1864:
1858:
1852:
1846:
1840:
1834:
1828:
1822:
1816:
1810:
1804:
1798:
1792:
1786:
1780:
1774:
1768:
1762:
1756:
1750:
1744:
1738:
1732:
1726:
1720:
1714:
1708:
1702:
1696:
1687:
1681:
1675:
1669:
1663:
1657:
1651:
1645:
1639:
1633:
1627:
1621:
1615:
1609:
1603:
1597:
1591:
1585:
1579:
1573:
1560:
1554:
1548:
1542:
1536:
1530:
1524:
1518:
1512:
1506:
1500:
1494:
1488:
1482:
1476:
1470:
1464:
1458:
1452:
1446:
1440:
1434:
1428:
1422:
1416:
1410:
1404:
1398:
1392:
1386:
1380:
1374:
1368:
1362:
1356:
1350:
1344:
1338:
1332:
1326:
1320:
1314:
1305:
1299:
1288:
1282:
1276:
1270:
1264:
1258:
1252:
1246:
1240:
1234:
1228:
1222:
1216:
1210:
1204:
1198:
1189:
1183:
1162:
1156:
1147:
1141:
1126:
1117:
1108:
1099:
1090:
1081:
1072:
1063:
1054:
1045:
1036:
1027:
1018:
1009:
1000:
991:
966:Château d'Annecy
710:Battle of Arques
704:Mayenne led the
449:Cardinal Bourbon
420:Château de Blois
283:Second Catholic
128:
125:
93:Maison de Savoie
82:Château d'Annecy
71:
68:
51:
30:
21:
3621:
3620:
3616:
3615:
3614:
3612:
3611:
3610:
3571:
3570:
3569:
3564:
3559:Christophe Abad
3529:Marcel Valentin
3451:Bernard Usureau
3365:
3359:
3337:
3331:
3314:Gaston Billotte
3284:Augustin Dubail
3272:Joseph Gallieni
3224:Émile Zurlinden
3056:Louis Bonaparte
3042:
3036:
3025:Édouard Mortier
2983:Pierre Augereau
2933:
2927:
2796:Paul de Thermes
2766:Louis d'Orléans
2685:Louis I d'Anjou
2677:
2671:
2666:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2612:
2595:18th generation
2590:
2573:17th generation
2568:
2545:16th generation
2540:
2481:15th generation
2476:
2449:14th generation
2444:
2428:13th generation
2423:
2412:12th generation
2407:
2366:11th generation
2361:
2320:10th generation
2315:
2279:
2248:
2202:
2161:
2140:
2099:
2068:
2047:
2031:
2026:
1992:
1990:Henri de Savoie
1983:
1980:Duke of Nemours
1975:
1965:
1964:
1956:
1952:
1944:
1940:
1932:
1928:
1922:Sutherland 1980
1920:
1916:
1908:
1904:
1900:, p. 1147.
1896:
1885:
1877:
1873:
1865:
1861:
1853:
1849:
1841:
1837:
1829:
1825:
1817:
1813:
1805:
1801:
1793:
1789:
1781:
1777:
1769:
1765:
1757:
1753:
1745:
1741:
1733:
1729:
1721:
1717:
1709:
1705:
1697:
1690:
1682:
1678:
1670:
1666:
1658:
1654:
1646:
1642:
1634:
1630:
1622:
1618:
1612:Sutherland 1980
1610:
1606:
1598:
1594:
1586:
1582:
1574:
1563:
1555:
1551:
1543:
1539:
1531:
1527:
1519:
1515:
1507:
1503:
1495:
1491:
1483:
1479:
1471:
1467:
1459:
1455:
1447:
1443:
1439:, pp. 281.
1435:
1431:
1423:
1419:
1411:
1407:
1399:
1395:
1387:
1383:
1375:
1371:
1363:
1359:
1351:
1347:
1339:
1335:
1327:
1323:
1315:
1308:
1300:
1291:
1283:
1279:
1271:
1267:
1259:
1255:
1247:
1243:
1235:
1231:
1223:
1219:
1211:
1207:
1203:, p. 1145.
1199:
1192:
1188:, p. 1146.
1184:
1165:
1157:
1150:
1142:
1138:
1133:
1120:
1111:
1102:
1093:
1089:. Champ Vallon.
1084:
1075:
1066:
1057:
1048:
1039:
1030:
1021:
1012:
1003:
994:
985:
982:
946:
889:
846:
818:
751:
731:
694:
689:
655:
545:
477:
412:
392:Estates General
376:
340:
296:king of Navarre
288:
280:
253:
131:prince Ă©tranger
126:
80:
69:
58:
41:
40:duc de Nemours
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3619:
3617:
3609:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3573:
3572:
3566:
3565:
3563:
3562:
3556:
3550:
3544:
3538:
3532:
3526:
3520:
3514:
3511:Michel Guignon
3508:
3502:
3499:Hervé Navereau
3496:
3490:
3484:
3478:
3475:Jeannou Lacaze
3472:
3466:
3460:
3457:Philippe Clave
3454:
3448:
3442:
3436:
3433:Louis Dodelier
3430:
3424:
3418:
3412:
3406:
3400:
3394:
3388:
3382:
3376:
3369:
3367:
3361:
3360:
3358:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3341:
3339:
3333:
3332:
3330:
3329:
3323:
3317:
3311:
3305:
3299:
3293:
3287:
3281:
3275:
3269:
3263:
3257:
3251:
3248:Jean Dessirier
3245:
3239:
3233:
3230:Joseph Brugère
3227:
3221:
3215:
3209:
3203:
3200:Édouard Aymard
3197:
3191:
3185:
3179:
3173:
3167:
3161:
3155:
3149:
3143:
3137:
3131:
3125:
3119:
3113:
3107:
3101:
3095:
3089:
3083:
3077:
3071:
3065:
3059:
3053:
3046:
3044:
3038:
3037:
3035:
3034:
3028:
3022:
3016:
3010:
3004:
2998:
2992:
2986:
2980:
2974:
2968:
2965:Paul de Barras
2962:
2956:
2950:
2944:
2937:
2935:
2929:
2928:
2926:
2925:
2919:
2913:
2907:
2904:Bernard Potier
2901:
2898:Duc de Tresmes
2895:
2889:
2883:
2877:
2871:
2865:
2859:
2853:
2847:
2841:
2835:
2829:
2823:
2817:
2811:
2805:
2799:
2793:
2787:
2781:
2775:
2769:
2763:
2760:
2754:
2748:
2742:
2736:
2730:
2724:
2718:
2712:
2706:
2700:
2694:
2691:Jean ade Berry
2688:
2681:
2679:
2673:
2672:
2667:
2665:
2664:
2657:
2650:
2642:
2633:
2632:
2617:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2610:
2604:
2598:
2596:
2592:
2591:
2589:
2588:
2582:
2576:
2574:
2570:
2569:
2567:
2566:
2560:
2554:
2548:
2546:
2542:
2541:
2539:
2538:
2532:
2526:
2520:
2514:
2508:
2502:
2496:
2490:
2484:
2482:
2478:
2477:
2475:
2474:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2452:
2450:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2442:
2437:
2431:
2429:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2421:
2415:
2413:
2409:
2408:
2406:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2369:
2367:
2363:
2362:
2360:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2323:
2321:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2287:
2285:
2284:9th generation
2281:
2280:
2278:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2256:
2254:
2253:8th generation
2250:
2249:
2247:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2210:
2208:
2207:7th generation
2204:
2203:
2201:
2200:
2195:
2193:Prince Maurice
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2169:
2167:
2166:6th generation
2163:
2162:
2160:
2159:
2154:
2148:
2146:
2145:5th generation
2142:
2141:
2139:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2107:
2105:
2104:4th generation
2101:
2100:
2098:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2076:
2074:
2073:3rd generation
2070:
2069:
2067:
2066:
2061:
2055:
2053:
2052:2nd generation
2049:
2048:
2046:
2045:
2039:
2037:
2036:1st generation
2033:
2032:
2027:
2025:
2024:
2017:
2010:
2002:
1994:
1993:
1988:
1985:
1976:
1971:
1963:
1962:
1960:, p. 196.
1950:
1948:, p. 293.
1938:
1936:, p. 194.
1926:
1924:, p. 307.
1914:
1912:, p. 301.
1902:
1883:
1881:, p. 271.
1871:
1869:, p. 253.
1859:
1857:, p. 269.
1847:
1845:, p. 421.
1835:
1833:, p. 268.
1823:
1821:, p. 521.
1811:
1799:
1797:, p. 262.
1787:
1785:, p. 400.
1775:
1773:, p. 265.
1763:
1761:, p. 156.
1751:
1749:, p. 255.
1739:
1737:, p. 253.
1727:
1725:, p. 154.
1715:
1713:, p. 153.
1703:
1701:, p. 152.
1688:
1686:, p. 474.
1676:
1674:, p. 469.
1664:
1662:, p. 295.
1652:
1650:, p. 148.
1640:
1628:
1626:, p. 233.
1616:
1614:, p. 282.
1604:
1602:, p. 205.
1592:
1590:, p. 204.
1580:
1578:, p. 105.
1561:
1549:
1547:, p. 203.
1537:
1535:, p. 194.
1525:
1523:, p. 283.
1513:
1511:, p. 188.
1501:
1499:, p. 185.
1489:
1487:, p. 184.
1477:
1475:, p. 137.
1465:
1463:, p. 230.
1453:
1441:
1429:
1427:, p. 278.
1417:
1415:, p. 700.
1405:
1403:, p. 282.
1393:
1391:, p. 269.
1381:
1379:, p. 292.
1369:
1367:, p. 122.
1357:
1355:, p. 245.
1345:
1343:, p. 153.
1333:
1331:, p. 175.
1321:
1319:, p. 203.
1306:
1304:, p. 225.
1289:
1287:, p. 155.
1277:
1275:, p. 528.
1265:
1263:, p. 606.
1253:
1251:, p. 527.
1241:
1239:, p. 236.
1229:
1227:, p. 500.
1217:
1205:
1190:
1163:
1148:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1127:
1118:
1109:
1100:
1091:
1082:
1073:
1064:
1055:
1046:
1037:
1028:
1019:
1010:
1001:
992:
981:
978:
945:
942:
922:Marshal Ornano
895:by having the
888:
885:
867:, daughter of
845:
842:
817:
814:
750:
747:
739:Marshal Aumont
730:
727:
723:Battle of Ivry
693:
690:
688:
685:
654:
651:
544:
538:
501:hĂ´tel de ville
476:
473:
411:
408:
375:
372:
368:maître de camp
339:
336:
287:
281:
279:
276:
252:
249:
115:
114:
109:
105:
104:
99:
95:
94:
91:
85:
84:
79:13 August 1595
77:
73:
72:
64:
60:
59:
57:, 17th century
52:
44:
43:
37:
36:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3618:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3578:
3576:
3560:
3557:
3554:
3551:
3548:
3545:
3542:
3539:
3536:
3533:
3530:
3527:
3524:
3521:
3518:
3517:Michel Billot
3515:
3512:
3509:
3506:
3505:Daniel Valéry
3503:
3500:
3497:
3494:
3491:
3488:
3487:Alban Barthez
3485:
3482:
3479:
3476:
3473:
3470:
3467:
3464:
3461:
3458:
3455:
3452:
3449:
3446:
3443:
3440:
3437:
3434:
3431:
3428:
3425:
3422:
3421:Maurice Gazin
3419:
3416:
3413:
3410:
3409:Pierre Garbay
3407:
3404:
3401:
3398:
3395:
3392:
3391:René Chouteau
3389:
3386:
3383:
3380:
3377:
3374:
3371:
3370:
3368:
3362:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3342:
3340:
3334:
3327:
3324:
3321:
3320:Pierre HĂ©ring
3318:
3315:
3312:
3309:
3308:Henri Gouraud
3306:
3303:
3300:
3297:
3294:
3291:
3288:
3285:
3282:
3279:
3276:
3273:
3270:
3267:
3264:
3261:
3258:
3255:
3252:
3249:
3246:
3243:
3240:
3237:
3234:
3231:
3228:
3225:
3222:
3219:
3216:
3213:
3210:
3207:
3204:
3201:
3198:
3195:
3192:
3189:
3186:
3183:
3180:
3177:
3174:
3171:
3168:
3165:
3162:
3159:
3156:
3153:
3150:
3147:
3144:
3141:
3138:
3135:
3132:
3129:
3126:
3123:
3120:
3117:
3114:
3111:
3108:
3105:
3104:André Masséna
3102:
3099:
3096:
3093:
3090:
3087:
3084:
3081:
3078:
3075:
3072:
3069:
3066:
3063:
3062:Joachim Murat
3060:
3057:
3054:
3051:
3050:Joachim Murat
3048:
3047:
3045:
3039:
3032:
3029:
3026:
3023:
3020:
3017:
3014:
3011:
3008:
3005:
3002:
2999:
2996:
2993:
2990:
2989:Louis Lemoine
2987:
2984:
2981:
2978:
2975:
2972:
2969:
2966:
2963:
2960:
2957:
2954:
2951:
2948:
2945:
2942:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2930:
2923:
2920:
2917:
2914:
2911:
2908:
2905:
2902:
2899:
2896:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2884:
2881:
2878:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2866:
2863:
2860:
2857:
2854:
2851:
2848:
2845:
2842:
2839:
2836:
2833:
2830:
2827:
2824:
2821:
2818:
2815:
2812:
2809:
2806:
2803:
2800:
2797:
2794:
2791:
2788:
2785:
2782:
2779:
2776:
2773:
2770:
2767:
2764:
2761:
2758:
2755:
2752:
2749:
2746:
2743:
2740:
2737:
2734:
2731:
2728:
2725:
2722:
2719:
2716:
2713:
2710:
2707:
2704:
2701:
2698:
2695:
2692:
2689:
2686:
2683:
2682:
2680:
2674:
2670:
2663:
2658:
2656:
2651:
2649:
2644:
2643:
2640:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2608:
2607:Prince Aimone
2605:
2603:
2600:
2599:
2597:
2593:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2571:
2564:
2561:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2549:
2547:
2543:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2527:
2524:
2521:
2518:
2515:
2512:
2509:
2506:
2503:
2500:
2497:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2479:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2447:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2426:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2410:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2370:
2368:
2364:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2324:
2322:
2318:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2288:
2286:
2282:
2276:
2275:Prince Eugene
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2257:
2255:
2251:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2211:
2209:
2205:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2164:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2102:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2071:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2056:
2054:
2050:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2023:
2018:
2016:
2011:
2009:
2004:
2003:
2000:
1991:
1982:
1981:
1974:
1968:
1959:
1954:
1951:
1947:
1942:
1939:
1935:
1930:
1927:
1923:
1918:
1915:
1911:
1906:
1903:
1899:
1894:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1875:
1872:
1868:
1863:
1860:
1856:
1851:
1848:
1844:
1843:Constant 1996
1839:
1836:
1832:
1827:
1824:
1820:
1815:
1812:
1808:
1807:Constant 1996
1803:
1800:
1796:
1791:
1788:
1784:
1783:Constant 1996
1779:
1776:
1772:
1767:
1764:
1760:
1755:
1752:
1748:
1747:Constant 1996
1743:
1740:
1736:
1735:Constant 1996
1731:
1728:
1724:
1719:
1716:
1712:
1707:
1704:
1700:
1695:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1680:
1677:
1673:
1668:
1665:
1661:
1656:
1653:
1649:
1644:
1641:
1638:, p. 73.
1637:
1632:
1629:
1625:
1620:
1617:
1613:
1608:
1605:
1601:
1596:
1593:
1589:
1584:
1581:
1577:
1572:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1562:
1559:, p. 90.
1558:
1553:
1550:
1546:
1541:
1538:
1534:
1529:
1526:
1522:
1517:
1514:
1510:
1505:
1502:
1498:
1493:
1490:
1486:
1481:
1478:
1474:
1469:
1466:
1462:
1461:Constant 1996
1457:
1454:
1451:, p. 72.
1450:
1445:
1442:
1438:
1433:
1430:
1426:
1421:
1418:
1414:
1409:
1406:
1402:
1397:
1394:
1390:
1385:
1382:
1378:
1373:
1370:
1366:
1361:
1358:
1354:
1349:
1346:
1342:
1337:
1334:
1330:
1325:
1322:
1318:
1313:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1285:Constant 1984
1281:
1278:
1274:
1269:
1266:
1262:
1257:
1254:
1250:
1245:
1242:
1238:
1233:
1230:
1226:
1221:
1218:
1214:
1209:
1206:
1202:
1197:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1170:
1168:
1164:
1161:, p. 95.
1160:
1155:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1140:
1137:
1130:
1124:
1119:
1115:
1110:
1106:
1101:
1097:
1092:
1088:
1083:
1079:
1074:
1070:
1065:
1061:
1056:
1052:
1047:
1043:
1038:
1034:
1029:
1025:
1020:
1016:
1011:
1007:
1002:
998:
993:
989:
984:
983:
979:
977:
975:
971:
967:
963:
958:
956:
951:
943:
941:
938:
933:
931:
927:
923:
917:
915:
910:
906:
902:
898:
894:
886:
884:
880:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
851:
843:
841:
839:
835:
831:
827:
823:
815:
813:
809:
807:
803:
798:
794:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
755:
748:
746:
744:
740:
736:
728:
726:
724:
719:
715:
711:
707:
698:
691:
686:
684:
681:
677:
673:
669:
664:
660:
652:
650:
647:
642:
638:
633:
630:
627:
623:
618:
613:
610:
605:
602:
598:
593:
589:
584:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
542:
539:
537:
535:
531:
527:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
474:
472:
470:
464:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
437:
432:
429:
421:
416:
409:
407:
405:
401:
397:
393:
388:
386:
381:
373:
371:
369:
365:
361:
356:
354:
349:
345:
337:
335:
333:
329:
326:, and in the
325:
321:
317:
312:
308:
307:
301:
300:duke of Guise
297:
293:
286:
282:
277:
275:
273:
269:
265:
260:
258:
250:
248:
245:
241:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
185:
183:
179:
176:
172:
168:
164:
159:
155:
151:
150:
144:
140:
136:
132:
121:
113:
110:
106:
103:
100:
96:
92:
90:
86:
83:
78:
74:
65:
61:
56:
50:
45:
38:
31:
19:
3553:Bruno Le Ray
3481:Roger PĂ©rier
3463:Jean Favreau
3427:André Demetz
3397:Henri Zeller
3188:Joseph Vinoy
3001:Joseph Gilot
2953:Jean Thierry
2844:François d'O
2825:
2820:François d'O
2628:
2623:
2618:
2177:
2042:
1978:
1953:
1941:
1929:
1917:
1905:
1898:Jouanna 1998
1874:
1862:
1850:
1838:
1826:
1819:Babelon 2009
1814:
1802:
1790:
1778:
1766:
1754:
1742:
1730:
1718:
1706:
1684:Babelon 2009
1679:
1672:Babelon 2009
1667:
1660:Le Roux 2006
1655:
1643:
1631:
1624:Le Roux 2006
1619:
1607:
1595:
1583:
1576:Harding 1978
1557:Harding 1978
1552:
1540:
1533:Le Roux 2006
1528:
1516:
1509:Le Roux 2006
1504:
1497:Le Roux 2006
1492:
1485:Le Roux 2006
1480:
1468:
1456:
1444:
1432:
1420:
1413:Le Roux 2000
1408:
1396:
1384:
1377:Carroll 2011
1372:
1360:
1348:
1341:Le Roux 2006
1336:
1324:
1302:Harding 1978
1280:
1273:Le Roux 2000
1268:
1261:Le Roux 2000
1256:
1249:Le Roux 2000
1244:
1232:
1225:Cloulas 1979
1220:
1208:
1201:Jouanna 1998
1186:Jouanna 1998
1159:Harding 1978
1144:Jouanna 1998
1139:
1122:
1113:
1104:
1098:. Gallimard.
1095:
1086:
1077:
1071:. Routledge.
1068:
1062:. Routledge.
1059:
1050:
1041:
1032:
1023:
1014:
1005:
996:
987:
969:
959:
949:
947:
934:
929:
918:
908:
904:
900:
896:
890:
881:
856:
849:
847:
826:Lesdiguières
819:
810:
801:
799:
795:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
762:
760:
734:
732:
705:
703:
679:
671:
667:
662:
656:
645:
640:
636:
634:
625:
621:
616:
614:
608:
606:
600:
597:Saint-Sorlin
591:
587:
585:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
552:
548:
546:
540:
529:
525:
520:
516:
512:
500:
496:
484:
478:
475:First escape
465:
444:
433:
425:
399:
389:
384:
377:
367:
357:
343:
341:
338:Chevau-léger
331:
323:
319:
310:
305:
289:
284:
270:, mother to
261:
254:
236:
233:Lesdiguières
228:
216:
200:
196:
192:
188:
187:Arriving in
186:
181:
174:
170:
157:
148:
130:
119:
118:
89:Noble family
3586:1595 deaths
3581:1567 births
3555:: 2015–2020
3549:: 2012–2015
3543:: 2007–2012
3537:: 2005–2007
3531:: 2002–2005
3525:: 2000–2002
3519:: 1996–2000
3513:: 1992–1996
3507:: 1991–1992
3501:: 1987–1991
3495:: 1984–1987
3489:: 1982–1984
3483:: 1981–1982
3477:: 1980–1981
3471:: 1977–1980
3465:: 1975–1977
3459:: 1974–1975
3453:: 1971–1974
3447:: 1968–1971
3445:André Meltz
3441:: 1965–1968
3435:: 1962–1965
3429:: 1960–1962
3417:: 1959–1960
3415:Raoul Salan
3411:: 1958–1959
3405:: 1957–1958
3399:: 1953–1957
3393:: 1947–1953
3387:: 1945–1947
3381:: 1944–1945
3326:Henri Dentz
3322:: 1939–1940
3316:: 1937–1939
3310:: 1923–1937
3304:: 1919–1923
3298:: 1918–1919
3286:: 1916–1918
3280:: 1915–1916
3274:: 1914–1915
3268:: 1912–1914
3262:: 1910–1912
3256:: 1906–1910
3250:: 1903–1906
3244:: 1901–1903
3238:: 1900–1901
3232:: 1899–1900
3226:: 1898–1899
3220:: 1884–1898
3214:: 1882–1884
3208:: 1880–1881
3202:: 1878–1880
3196:: 1871–1878
3184:: 1870–1871
3172:: 1865–1870
3166:: 1851–1865
3154:: 1848–1851
3148:: 1842–1848
3142:: 1830–1842
3136:: 1821–1830
3130:: 1819–1821
3124:: 1816–1818
3118:: 1815–1816
3106:: July 1815
3088:: 1814–1815
3076:: 1807–1814
3070:: 1806–1807
3058:: 1805–1806
3052:: 1804–1805
3033:: 1803–1804
3027:: 1800–1803
3021:: 1799–1800
3003:: 1798–1799
2997:: 1797–1798
2979:: 1796–1797
2973:: 1795–1796
2955:: 1794–1795
2949:: 1792–1794
2943:: 1791–1792
2924:: 1780–1791
2918:: 1771–1780
2912:: 1757–1771
2906:: 1739–1757
2900:: 1704–1739
2894:: 1687–1704
2892:LĂ©on Potier
2888:: 1676–1687
2882:: 1669–1675
2876:: 1662–1669
2870:: 1657–1662
2864:: 1648–1657
2858:: 1643–16..
2834:: 1590–1594
2828:: 1589–1590
2822:: 158.–1589
2810:: 15..–1572
2804:: 1562–1563
2798:: 1559–1562
2792:: 15..–15..
2786:: 1493–1496
2780:: 14..–1494
2774:: 1485–1488
2768:: 1483–1485
2759:: 1472–147.
2753:: 14..–1472
2747:: 1467–1470
2741:: 1465–1467
2723:: 14..–14..
2717:: 1429–14..
2711:: 1422–142.
2705:: 1418–1420
2699:: 1411–1413
2687:: 1356–1357
1946:Salmon 1979
1910:Salmon 1979
1879:Salmon 1979
1867:Salmon 1979
1855:Salmon 1979
1831:Salmon 1979
1795:Salmon 1979
1771:Salmon 1979
1636:Knecht 2010
1600:Heller 2003
1588:Heller 2003
1545:Knecht 2010
1521:Knecht 2016
1449:Knecht 2010
1437:Knecht 2016
1425:Knecht 2016
1401:Knecht 2016
1389:Knecht 2016
1365:Knecht 2010
1353:Salmon 1979
1329:Sauzet 1992
1317:Heller 2003
1237:Knecht 2016
1213:Knecht 2016
1053:. Bouquins.
1017:. Hachette.
905:coup d'Ă©tat
534:Anne d'Este
511:among many
461:Anne d'Este
143:Anne d'Este
127: 1567
112:Anne d'Este
70: 1567
3575:Categories
3541:Bruno Dary
3366:since 1944
1984:1585–1595
1958:Pitts 2012
1934:Pitts 2012
1759:Pitts 2012
1723:Pitts 2012
1711:Pitts 2012
1699:Pitts 2012
1648:Pitts 2012
1473:Pitts 2012
1131:References
914:The Prince
1026:. Fayard.
1015:Les Guise
1008:. Fayard.
990:. Fayard.
974:La Guiche
869:Felipe II
779:faubourgs
718:Châtillon
334:leaders.
304:Catholic
154:Henri III
147:Catholic
1024:La Ligue
988:Henri IV
930:ligueurs
830:Provence
822:Dauphiné
787:ligueurs
678:for the
672:ligueurs
637:ligueurs
543:governor
396:Villeroy
385:ligueurs
374:Lyonnais
272:the king
217:ligueurs
197:ligueurs
163:Lyonnais
158:ligueurs
980:Sources
950:ligueur
909:ligueur
901:ligueur
897:ligueur
857:ligueur
850:ligueur
848:At the
771:ligueur
735:ligueur
629:Mayenne
617:ligueur
609:ligueur
601:ligueur
581:ligueur
571:at the
569:Te Deum
565:ligueur
549:ligueur
541:Ligueur
513:ligueur
485:ligueur
445:ligueur
353:Épernon
348:Joyeuse
332:ligueur
320:ligueur
292:Alençon
237:ligueur
229:ligueur
201:ligueur
189:ligueur
182:ligueur
3561:: 2020
3423:: 1960
3375:: 1944
3328:: 1940
3292:: 1918
3190:: 1871
3178:: 1870
3160:: 1851
3112:: 1815
3100:: 1815
3094:: 1815
3082:: 1814
3064:: 1806
3015:: 1799
3009:: 1799
2991:: 1797
2985:: 1797
2967:: 1795
2961:: 1795
2852:: 1616
2846:: 1594
2840:: 1594
2816:: 1580
2735:: 1465
2729:: 1461
2693:: 1411
970:livres
937:Vienne
838:Vienne
816:Vienne
714:Dieppe
692:Arques
588:ligues
451:, the
443:, the
205:Arques
108:Mother
98:Father
893:Rouen
802:ligue
775:Seize
763:ligue
749:Paris
706:ligue
680:ligue
676:Mâcon
663:ligue
646:ligue
641:ligue
622:ligue
577:Ligue
553:ligue
530:ligue
526:ligue
517:ligue
497:ligue
400:ligue
344:ligue
324:ligue
311:ligue
306:ligue
285:ligue
193:ligue
175:ligue
171:ligue
149:ligue
2627:***
2043:None
871:and
741:and
729:Ivry
668:Ă©cus
607:The
491:and
209:Ivry
207:and
161:the
141:and
76:Died
63:Born
2622:**
2609:***
2587:***
2565:***
2559:***
2513:***
2507:***
2501:***
2495:***
3577::
2537:**
2531:**
2525:**
2519:**
2473:**
1886:^
1691:^
1564:^
1309:^
1292:^
1193:^
1166:^
1151:^
932:.
924:.
536:.
471:.
124:c.
67:c.
2661:e
2654:t
2647:v
2021:e
2014:t
2007:v
122:(
20:)
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