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was failing to achieve the purpose intended and that indeed criminals preferred to go there rather than be incarcerated in Indian jails. Lyall and
Lethbridge recommended that a "penal stage" existed in the transportation sentence, whereby transported prisoners were subjected to a period of harsh
96:
Lyall spent a brief period, between April and June 1872, as assistant under-secretary in the
Foreign department of the British government of India. From September 1873 he was under-secretary in the department of Revenue, Agriculture and Commerce, He was appointed
182:
In his leisure time Lyall was known as a scholar of various
Eastern languages. He had demonstrated a gift for Hebrew while at university and he went on to learn Arabic, Hindustani and Persian, as well as sufficient of what was then called the
413:"Transliteration of Arabic and Persian. Report of the committee appointed to draw up a practical scheme for the transliteration into English of words and names belonging to the languages of the nearer East".
197:
His translations were particularly successful in combining an accurate rendering with a poetical diction which imitated more or less the metres of the originals, although usually without any attempt at
806:
786:
387:
The Mufaḍḍaliyāt; an anthology of ancient
Arabian odes compiled by Al-Mufaḍḍal son of Muḥammad according to the recension and with the commentary of Abū Muḥammad Al-Qāsim Ibn Muḥammad Al-Anbāri
376:
The Mufaḍḍaliyāt; an anthology of ancient
Arabian odes compiled by Al-Mufaḍḍal son of Muḥammad according to the recension and with the commentary of Abū Muḥammad Al-Qāsim Ibn Muḥammad Al-Anbāri
365:
The Mufaḍḍaliyāt; an anthology of ancient
Arabian odes compiled by Al-Mufaḍḍal son of Muḥammad according to the recension and with the commentary of Abū Muḥammad Al-Qāsim Ibn Muḥammad Al-Anbāri
355:
The Diwans of Abid ibn al-Abras, of Asad, and Amir ibn at-Tufail, of Amir ibn Sasaah, edited for the first time, from the ms. in the
British museum, and supplied with a translation and notes
816:
140:
between July and
October 1894. His last appointment before his retirement from India was between December 1895 and July 1898, during which period he was Chief Commissioner of the
61:
Charles James Lyall was born in London on 9 March 1845. He was the eldest son of a banker, also called
Charles, and his wife Harriet (née Matheson). Educated initially at
29:
105:, but also had two periods as Judge and Commissioner for the Assam valley districts and a few months as secretary in the department of Revenue, Agriculture and Commerce.
101:(CIE) in January 1880, having ended his role as under-secretary in the previous year. From 1880 he was primarily engaged as secretary to the Chief Commissioner of
796:
108:
From August 1889 Lyall spent some time working as home secretary in the Raj government, and was also tasked with an investigation of the penal settlement at
791:
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98:
33:
821:
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and an official representative of the government of India at various international oriental congresses between 1899 and 1908. He was
President of the
248:
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189:
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264:
166:. He had married Florence, a daughter of Captain Henry Fraser of Calcutta, in 1870 and the couple had two sons and five daughters.
488:
85:, and after graduation he left England for India. He arrived there on 4 December 1867 and was appointed assistant magistrate and
222:
and Arabic literature. His articles on "Hindostani Literature", etc. were published in the ninth and eleventh editions of the
232:
37:
129:, which has been described as "a place of exclusion and isolation within a more broadly constituted remote penal space."
149:
141:
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in London as secretary to the Judicial and Public Department. He held that post until his retirement in 1910.
66:
62:
757:
252:
90:
78:
74:
236:
648:. Vol. 31 (12th ed.). London & New York: The Encyclopædia Britannica Company. p. 812.
638:
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781:
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256:
163:
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He was formally appointed as home secretary on a permanent basis in November 1890 and was the acting
82:
219:
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318:
Translations of ancient Arabian poetry : chiefly, præ-Islamic, with an introduction and notes
291:
Translations of ancient Arabian poetry : chiefly, præ-Islamic, with an introduction and notes
730:
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668:
612:
393:
133:
86:
17:
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language to enable him to translate some folktales that had been collected by Edward Stack. The
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184:
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Lyall died at his home in Cornwall Gardens, London, on 1 September 1920 and was buried at
121:
77:, from which he graduated in 1867 with a BA degree. He had already come first in the 1865
70:
527:
426:
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374:
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307:
363:
342:
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117:
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734:
126:
46:
400:"Some aspects of ancient Arabic poetry as illustrated by a little-known anthology".
312:(3rd ed.). Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing. 1892.
193:
says that he was "one of Britain's foremost scholars of Eastern languages" and that
301:. Calcutta: Printed by the Superintendent of Government Printing, India. 1890–1891.
156:
505:
581:
564:
390:. Vol. 3: Indexes to the Arabic text. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1918.
275:
The following list is not exhaustive. Lyall contributed papers to many journals.
50:
637:
497:
761:
109:
309:
Guide to the transliteration of Hindu and Muhammadan names in the Bengal army
379:. Vol. 2: Translation and Notes. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1918.
116:, a surgeon in the British administration, concluded that the punishment of
672:
239:
and of King's College, London, as well as being a vice-president of the
42:
726:
705:
Sprengling, M. (April 1923). "In Memoriam: Sir Charles James Lyall".
665:
The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland
718:
667:(4). Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland: 667–669.
368:. Vol. 1: Arabic text. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1921.
173:
148:(CSI) in June 1893 and then, in June 1897, he was gazetted in the
137:
102:
125:
treatment upon arrival. The outcome was the construction of the
251:. He also received honorary degrees from the universities of
299:
Report on the working of the Penal settlement of Port Blair
707:
The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures
155:
Upon his return to England, Lyall was transferred to the
684:. No. 42506. London. 3 September 1920. p. 12.
247:
in 1894 and an honorary member both of that and of the
174:
663:
A. A. B. (October 1920). "Sir Charles James Lyall".
358:. Leyden: E. J. Brill; London: Luzac & Co. 1913.
344:
The Mikirs; from the papers of the late Edward Stack
807:
Knights Commander of the Order of the Star of India
326:
Ten ancient Arabic poems with commentary by Tibrizi
320:. Vol. 2. London: Williams and Norgate. 1894.
293:. Vol. 1. London: Williams and Norgate. 1885.
787:People educated at King's College School, London
41:(9 March 1845 – 1 September 1920) was a British
559:
557:
555:
553:
551:
195:
16:For the soldier and first-class cricketer, see
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517:
515:
431:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1919.
349:("Edited, arranged and supplemented" by Lyall)
817:Indian Civil Service (British India) officers
8:
583:Isolation: places and practices of exclusion
492:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
285:. Edinburgh: Adam & Charles Black. 1880.
580:Strange, Carolyn; Bashford, Alison (2003).
146:Companion of the Order of the Star of India
99:Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire
49:working in India during the period of the
692:(1919–20). "Sir C. J. Lyall, 1845–1920".
152:as a Knight Commander of the same Order.
631:
629:
627:
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529:The Balliol College Register, 1832–1914
489:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
443:
263:. He assisted in the foundation of the
190:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
481:
479:
477:
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204:Translations of Ancient Arabian Poetry
586:. London: Routledge. pp. 41–42.
249:Deutsche Morgenländische Gesellschaft
7:
335:Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society
303:(Co-authored with A. S. Lethbridge)
282:A sketch of the Hindustani language
832:Civil servants in the India Office
694:Proceedings of the British Academy
569:. India Office. 1905. p. 552.
415:Proceedings of the British Academy
402:Proceedings of the British Academy
206:(1885, 1894), and translations of
14:
822:Presidents of The Asiatic Society
802:Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford
333:"The words "Ḥanif" and Muslim"".
265:London School of Oriental Studies
69:, in 1863 Lyall went on to study
797:Fellows of King's College London
751:
639:"Lyall, Sir Charles James"
532:. Private circulation. pp.
433:(Edited and translated by Lyall)
428:The poems of 'Amr son of Qami'ah
337:. London: 771–784. October 1903.
792:Alumni of King's College London
218:(1921), as well as articles on
827:Fellows of the British Academy
680:"Death of Sir Charles Lyall".
616:. 14 March 1898. p. 1689.
566:The India List and Office List
392:(Edited by Lyall; compiled by
212:The Poems of Amr Son of Qamiah
208:The Diwan of Abid ibn al-Abras
1:
233:Fellow of the British Academy
636:Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1922).
506:UK public library membership
486:"Lyall, Sir Charles James".
202:He published the two-volume
150:Diamond Jubilee Honours list
347:. London: David Nutt. 1908.
142:Central Provinces and Berar
848:
690:Nicholson, Reynold Alleyne
452:"Lyall, Sir Charles James"
144:. He had been appointed a
15:
526:Hilliard, Edward (1914).
245:Asiatic Society of Bengal
408:. London: 365–380. 1918.
81:for appointments in the
740:(subscription required)
645:Encyclopædia Britannica
225:Encyclopædia Britannica
91:North-Western Provinces
79:competitive examination
75:Balliol College, Oxford
26:Sir Charles James Lyall
498:10.1093/ref:odnb/34642
237:University of Calcutta
200:
179:
178:Letter by Lyall (1911)
241:Royal Asiatic Society
177:
67:King's College London
63:King's College School
231:Lyall was elected a
164:Putney Vale Cemetery
83:Indian Civil Service
758:Charles James Lyall
756:Works by or about
613:The London Gazette
458:: 1529–1530. 1919.
180:
134:Chief Commissioner
18:Charles Ross Lyall
593:978-0-415-30980-6
504:(Subscription or
381:(Edited by Lyall)
370:(Edited by Lyall)
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114:A. S. Lethbridge
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782:1920 deaths
777:1845 births
608:"No. 26947"
540:22 November
394:A. A. Bevan
170:Scholarship
51:British Raj
771:Categories
762:Wikisource
700:: 492–496.
508:required.)
438:References
261:Strasbourg
220:Hindustani
110:Port Blair
735:170442706
682:The Times
456:Who's Who
253:Edinburgh
235:, of the
112:. He and
87:collector
65:and then
812:Arabists
673:25209684
210:(1913),
120:to the
89:in the
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727:528631
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671:
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502:
257:Oxford
198:rhyme.
71:Greats
45:, and
731:S2CID
723:JSTOR
669:JSTOR
185:Mikir
138:Assam
103:Assam
36:
32:
588:ISBN
542:2011
536:–210
259:and
57:Life
30:KCSI
760:at
715:doi
534:209
494:doi
136:of
73:at
38:FBA
34:CIE
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
