44:
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170:
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398:. Charles Lock, an astute observer, wrote about the frivolous atmosphere of the court in Palermo. He noticed at the end of January that the king was enjoying excellent shooting, the court was attending masked balls, and Nelson feared that if nothing were done Sicily would be lost as well as Naples. Nevertheless, by May 1799, Cardinal
570:
he denounced Lady
Hamilton and Lord Nelson. Flora Fraser describes his letters as "long, vituperative screeds about the horrors of Lady Hamilton." The letters Lock wrote contained "scabrous comments" and gained a wide circulation back in the United Kingdom among those who wished to attack the government by attacking its servants.
569:
Lady
Hamilton's grip over Lord Nelson was especially criticized by Lock. He spoke of her "unbounded power" over Nelson, and complained that the vice-admiral's "extravagant love" had made him "the laughing stock of the whole fleet." Lock became famous for the salacious letters he wrote home in which
416:
However, as soon as the patriots left the protection of their forts and started boarding the ships that were supposed to take them to France, the
Neapolitan King and Queen, who were still safely sheltered in Palermo, informed Lord Nelson that they were disavowing the agreement. The Queen explicitly
412:
as his personal representative with "the unrestricted quality of alter-ego," signed an armistice with the patriots in the King's name. The agreement gave the French and the patriots the full honors of war, with their persons and property guaranteed, and included the provision that the garrisons of
634:, says that "Lock was not an admirable man." On the other hand, the Duchess of Sermoneta, who wrote a book in 1940 about the Lock family, has a far more sympathetic assessment, saying that Lock "was revolted by what he witnessed in those days" because he was "kind-hearted and honourable."
558:, describes Charles Lock as "a difficult young man, quick to take offence and all too eager to put himself forward." She points out that his "violent dislike" of Lady Hamilton seems to have reciprocated. Lady Hamilton is known to have spread rumours about Charles Lock's wife
425:
by the
Neapolitan monarchs and their British allies, in which more than 8,000 of the refugees aboard the transports were tried for treason, severely damaged Nelson's reputation back in the United Kingdom and remains to this day a controversial part of his
430:. Charles Lock played an important role in keeping British public opinion informed of the atrocities that were taking place in Naples, by sending letters back home in which he described the events he was witnessing. He wrote to his father in July 1799:
458:"Many of these victims to their confidence in us have already been executed. The government is burdened with upwards of 10,000 prisoners... To be sure, they die very fast, in the unwholesome prisons they are confined in, heaped upon one another."
573:
Lock began his campaign of denigration on 30 June 1799 in a letter to his father in which he commented on Nelson's return to the recaptured Naples on 24 June with Emma and her husband Sir
William. Lock stated that the three embarked aboard
1996:
585:"I underwent a severe mortification in not being invited to accompany Sir William or receiving any intimation of their designs, which I relied on as Sir William had repeatedly promised I should attend him when he went."
589:
In the same letter, Lock blamed Lady
Hamilton as the one behind the decision to keep him uninformed, and described her as a "superficial, grasping and vulgar minded woman." However, private orders given by the
621:
Charles Lock's death left his family unprovided for. As a result, his daughters continued to receive a pension from the
British government well into adulthood, the total of which amounted to £288 in 1838.
238:. Jack Russell thus points out that Charles Lock was "allied to a family which had strong Republican sympathies." His liberal intellect and connection to Fox made Charles Lock feel "a better man than a
618:. He died on 12 September 1804 together with two of his suite. They were assiduously attended by Lock's private secretary, Lambton Este, who placed himself in the lazaretto with them for that purpose.
1882:
543:
2003:
1183:
478:, and denounced the deceitfulness of the British troops in Naples by citing specific incidents. Fox's informant was most likely Charles Lock. In May 1800, Lock reported to
408:
movement) managed to recapture Naples from the French and the
Neapolitan patriots, with the help of some Austrian and Russian troops. Ruffo, who had been appointed by King
2041:
1919:
337:
482:
that 145 had been executed in Naples; 1,900 transported to France; between 700 and 800 sent to the island of
Maritimo; and many had died in unwholesome Neapolitan jails.
630:
Despite Lock's role in bringing to light the atrocities that were taking place in Naples, modern historians have mixed opinions about him. Terry
Coleman, in his book
427:
438:
and of the stab our English honour has received in being employed to decoy these people, who relied upon our faith, into the most deplorable situation... but
413:
the forts could embark freely for France. Charles Lock called the agreement "a very wise measure...as it effectively sweeps the Kingdom of the disaffected."
594:
were the actual reason why Nelson and Lady Hamilton left Palermo for Naples with such secrecy, thus forcing Sir William to break his word to Charles Lock.
216:
2056:
304:, probably around 1795, the year of his marriage. The portrait is currently untraceable. A version of it, possibly the original, was at one time in the
2036:
641:
argues that "without much wealth, Charles Lock was a man in a hurry who made no secret that he had designs on Sir William's position as ambassador."
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made Lock witness several important events during his consulship. With a French invasion of Naples imminent, British vice-admiral
822:
463:
231:
1754:
The Plantagenet Roll of the Blood Royal: Being a Complete Table of All the Descendants Now Living of Edward III, King of England
180:
Charles Lock was born in 1770 into a rich, though illegitimate family. He was the second son of William Lock, who purchased the
409:
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20:
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will I hope exonerate the nation from an imputation so disgraceful. And charge it where it should lie, on the shoulders of
285:
43:
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239:
65:
550:. Strains between Lady Hamilton and Lock and his wife led to poisonous relations in the court at Palermo. Biographer
212:
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of the British fleet of cheating and colluding with merchants over prices. This caused an altercation between
284:(1801–1893). She was born in Naples on 26 June 1801 during her father's consulship there. She married Captain
1119:
Garlick, Kenneth (December 1968). "Lawrence's Portraits of the Locks, the Angersteins and the Boucherettes".
2051:
1897:
1468:
1405:
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954:
1837:
Naples in 1799: An Account of the Revolution of 1799 and of the Rise and Fall of the Parthenopean Republic
422:
384:
265:
227:
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to build the present manor house. Charles Lock's parents were close friends to famed diarist and novelist
922:
1748:
1634:
962:. Vol. 5 (West Humble and Paris 1801–1803, Letters 423–549). Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 134.
575:
551:
514:"Both men raised their voices; Nelson made Lock grovel by insisting that his accusation was sent to the
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247:
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120:
1813:
Davis, John A. (Autumn 1999). "The Neapolitan Revolution 1799–1999: Between History and Myth".
281:
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in London. This was not Nelson's usual style. In response Lock wrote hostile letters home."
246:." Because of their family connections, Charles Lock and his wife were naturally taken for
1673:
1081:
658:
507:
434:"You will hear with grief of the infraction of the articles convented with the Neapolitan
1979:
1835:
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The Locks of Norbury: The Story of a Remarkable Family in the XVIIIth and XIXth Centuries
683:
The Locks of Norbury; the story of a remarkable family in the XVIIIth and XIXth centuries
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on 26 December 1803. However, he never served there: on his way to Egypt, he died of
305:
193:
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that he "married above himself." Lock's wife was the half-sister of the Irish rebel
1365:
998:
950:
336:
had landed him the job, which was considered an unimportant position. However, the
181:
173:
24:
866:
581:"with great secrecy." He expressed his bitterness at not being notified by saying:
1781:
1713:
1638:
566:, possibly because she was jealous of Cecilia's good looks and youthful figure.
300:
Like many members of the Lock family, Charles had a portrait of him painted by
1826:
404:
289:
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402:, in command of the anti-republican peasant Army of Holy Faith (known as the
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in 1822. Their son William Hamilton Greville, born in 1826, died a bachelor.
1477:. Vol. 6 (May 1804 to July 1805). London: Henry Colburn. p. 215.
1098:
1044:
506:
and Lock. Lord Nelson challenged Lock's accusations of cheating. Historian
417:
instructed "Lord Nelson to treat Naples as if it were a rebellious city in
1791:
1733:
875:. Vol. I (7th ed.). London: Harding and Wright. p. 642.
451:
357:
1134:
764:
The Pursuit of the Heiress: Aristocratic Marriage in Ireland 1740–1840
538:
Charles Lock is well known for his hatred of Lord Nelson's mistress,
534:, wife of the British ambassador in Naples and Lord Nelson's mistress
495:
391:
325:
189:
158:
98:
1679:
The Pursuit of Victory: The Life and Achievement of Horatio Nelson
603:
526:
371:
309:
222:
Author Jack Russell, who was critical of Lock, stated in his book
168:
77:
1997:"Henry Salt, Consul in Egypt 1816-1827 and Pioneer Egyptologist"
872:
The Peerage of the United Kingdom of Great Britain & Ireland
1474:
The Dispatches and Letters of Vice Admiral Lord Viscount Nelson
1080:
Gower, Ronald Sutherland; Lawrence, Thomas; Garlick, Kenneth;
1036:
The History and Antiquities of the Parish of Wimbledon, Surrey
1129:(789). The Burlington Magazine Publications, Ltd.: 669–678.
1780:
Sermoneta, Vittoria Colonna Caetani (duchessa di) (1940).
956:
The Journals and Letters of Fanny Burney (Madame D'Arblay)
1007:(3rd ed.). London: Saunders and Otley. p. 304.
470:, to whom Charles Lock was related through his wife (see
1004:
The Peerage of the British Empire as at Present Existing
440:
the sentiment of abhorrence expressed by the whole fleet
230:
who was hanged for treason, and the cousin of prominent
1749:
Ruvigny et Raineval, Melville Henry Massue (marquis of)
1601:
The Nelson Touch: The life and Legend of Horatio Nelson
257:
Charles Lock and his wife Cecilia had three daughters:
767:. Belfast: Ulster Historical Foundation. p. 42.
474:
section), brought the matter to the attention of the
215:. Cecilia had almost married the son and heir of the
1039:. London: Simpkin, Marshall, & Co. p. 115.
200:(a.k.a. Mme d'Arblay), who spells their name Locke.
141:
William Lock of Norbury and Frederica Augusta Schaub
1228:. Napoleon Bonaparte Internet Guide. Archived from
137:
114:
104:
93:
83:
73:
58:
50:
34:
292:in 1826, brother of the well-known politician
1324:
1322:
1309:
1307:
914:
912:
846:
844:
602:Charles Lock was appointed Consul-General in
8:
1093:. London: Routledge & Paul. p. 47.
680:Sermoneta, Vittoria Colonna Caetani (1940).
1219:
1217:
756:
754:
450:Lock wrote home about the prisoners in the
379:, commander of the British forces in Naples
268:around 1815, and left descendants in Italy.
2002:. University of Manchester. Archived from
1859:
161:during the Neapolitan Revolution of 1799.
62:12 September 1804 (aged 33–34)
42:
31:
2042:19th-century deaths from plague (disease)
823:"Norbury Park (Grade II*) (1001252)"
709:"Cylchgrawn Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru"
1604:. New York: Oxford University Press US.
176:, built by Charles Lock's father in 1774
1757:. Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Pub. Co.
803:"Norbury Park: Summer all the winter".
650:
394:, was created in the territory of the
203:On 12 July 1795, Charles Lock married
1924:26 December 1803 – 12 September 1804
1361:"Nelson's censored passion uncovered"
699:
697:
695:
693:
209:Emily FitzGerald, Duchess of Leinster
7:
1786:(2nd ed.). London: J. Murray.
1359:Thorpe, Vanessa (21 October 2001).
510:states that during the altercation:
320:Charles Lock was appointed British
150:(1770 – 12 September 1804) was the
1033:Bartlett, William Abraham (1865).
828:National Heritage List for England
368:Denunciation of British atrocities
207:(9 July 1775 – 1824), daughter of
14:
2057:People from the Kingdom of Naples
1815:Journal of Modern Italian Studies
1441:. 24 December 1803. p. 1825.
717:National Library of Wales Journal
364:on 23 December of the same year.
2037:British consuls-general in Egypt
1883:British consul-general in Naples
1718:. New York: Simon and Schuster.
1512:. Vol. 23. HMSO. p. 37
1157:. 3 November 1798. p. 1053.
16:British consul-general in Naples
1920:British consul-general in Egypt
1186:. Nelson Museum. Archived from
523:Relationship with Emma Hamilton
1956:. 18 August 1795. p. 862.
21:Charles Locke (disambiguation)
1:
2047:People from Mickleham, Surrey
1565:. McBooks Press. p. 39.
637:Scottish historical novelist
1988:. 3 January 1786. p. 5.
1972:. 16 July 1805. p. 929.
1834:Giglioli, Constance (1903).
807:. 13 April 1934. p. 17.
761:Malcomson, A. P. W. (2006).
494:, Charles Lock accused the
476:Parliament of Great Britain
471:
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1208:
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953:; Douglas, Althea (eds.).
933:
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592:Queen of Naples and Sicily
338:political turmoil in Italy
18:
1943:
1934:
1926:
1917:
1904:
1889:
1887:6 November 1798 – ?
1880:
1867:
1862:
1827:10.1080/13545719908455016
1682:. New York: Basic Books.
1184:"Timeline: Emma Hamilton"
705:National Library of Wales
516:Victualling Commissioners
342:French Revolutionary Wars
274:(1798–1867). She married
264:(1796–1822). She married
192:in 1774 and commissioned
41:
1894:Next known title holder:
1872:Last known title holder:
1715:Nelson and the Hamiltons
1469:Nicolas, Nicholas Harris
1065:Ruvigny et Raineval 1994
851:Ruvigny et Raineval 1994
383:On 23 January 1799, the
328:on 6 November 1798. The
224:Nelson and the Hamiltons
217:1st Marquess of Donegall
205:Cecilia Margaret Ogilvie
109:Cecilia Margaret Ogilvie
19:Not to be confused with
1995:Bosworth, C.E. (1974).
1598:Coleman, Terry (2002).
1122:The Burlington Magazine
211:and her second husband
1712:Russell, Jack (1969).
1224:Holmberg, Tom (1998).
661:. Malta Family History
587:
535:
520:
460:
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410:Ferdinand IV of Naples
385:Parthenopaean Republic
380:
228:Lord Edward FitzGerald
177:
583:
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375:
276:Robert Fulke Greville
272:Georgina Cecilia Lock
172:
2009:on 17 December 2013.
1937:Notes and references
1509:Parliamentary Papers
686:. London, J. Murray.
387:, a client state of
330:Leinster connections
316:Consulship in Naples
266:Count George de Viry
262:Emily Frederica Lock
1643:. New York: Knopf.
1640:Emma, Lady Hamilton
1087:Sir Thomas Lawrence
556:Emma, Lady Hamilton
532:Emma, Lady Hamilton
492:Neapolitan campaign
486:Fallout with Nelson
340:resulting from the
302:Sir Thomas Lawrence
240:decrepit Ambassador
1985:The London Gazette
1969:The London Gazette
1953:The London Gazette
1909:Title last held by
1840:. London: Murray.
1438:The London Gazette
1154:The London Gazette
805:The Times (London)
544:British ambassador
542:, the wife of the
536:
381:
244:half-blind Admiral
178:
97:Consul-general in
2015:
2014:
2011:
1990:
1974:
1958:
1939:
1927:Succeeded by
1863:Diplomatic posts
1764:978-0-8063-1436-5
1725:978-0-671-20324-5
1689:978-0-465-03765-0
1650:978-0-394-53053-6
1611:978-0-19-514741-4
1572:978-1-59013-090-2
1563:Breaking the Line
1232:on 9 January 2010
969:978-0-19-812467-2
774:978-1-903688-65-6
468:Charles James Fox
423:wave of reprisals
396:Kingdom of Naples
282:Lucy Frances Lock
254:court of Naples.
236:Charles James Fox
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632:The Nelson Touch
548:William Hamilton
286:Alexander Ellice
126:Georgina Cecilia
118:Three daughters:
46:
32:
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1807:Further reading
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1465:Nelson, Horatio
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1190:on 28 July 2011
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350:Neapolitan King
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306:Kann Collection
213:William Ogilvie
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121:Emily Frederica
119:
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2052:Horatio Nelson
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1929:Edward Missett
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1821:(3): 350–358.
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1091:(snippet view)
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322:consul-general
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2004:the original
1983:
1967:
1951:
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1911:
1905:
1896:
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1881:
1874:
1868:
1849:. Retrieved
1836:
1818:
1814:
1795:. Retrieved
1782:
1753:
1737:. Retrieved
1714:
1701:. Retrieved
1678:
1662:. Retrieved
1639:
1623:. Retrieved
1600:
1592:Bibliography
1562:
1553:
1538:
1531:Coleman 2002
1526:
1514:. Retrieved
1508:
1498:
1486:. Retrieved
1473:
1459:
1447:
1436:
1427:
1412:
1397:
1382:
1370:. Retrieved
1366:The Observer
1364:
1354:
1339:
1294:
1289:, p. 325–326
1282:
1275:Coleman 2002
1270:
1263:Coleman 2002
1258:
1251:Coleman 2002
1246:
1234:. Retrieved
1230:the original
1209:Coleman 2002
1204:
1192:. Retrieved
1188:the original
1178:
1168:Russell 1969
1163:
1152:
1143:
1126:
1120:
1114:
1102:. Retrieved
1086:
1075:
1060:
1048:. Retrieved
1035:
1028:
1016:. Retrieved
1003:
993:
981:. Retrieved
955:
941:
934:Coleman 2002
929:
919:Russell 1969
901:Russell 1969
896:
884:. Retrieved
871:
861:
832:, retrieved
826:
813:
804:
798:
786:. Retrieved
763:
741:. Retrieved
721:
715:
682:
675:
663:. Retrieved
653:
636:
631:
629:
620:
601:
588:
584:
577:
572:
568:
555:
552:Flora Fraser
537:
513:
508:Roger Knight
489:
461:
457:
449:
443:
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415:
403:
382:
319:
299:
256:
223:
221:
202:
182:Norbury Park
179:
174:Norbury Park
148:Charles Lock
147:
146:
131:Lucy Frances
36:Charles Lock
29:
25:Charlie Lock
2032:1804 deaths
2027:1770 births
1980:"No. 12714"
1964:"No. 15825"
1948:"No. 13806"
1452:Knight 2007
1433:"No. 15660"
1344:Fraser 1987
1329:Fraser 1987
1314:Knight 2007
1299:Knight 2007
1287:Knight 2007
1149:"No. 15077"
504:Lord Nelson
490:During the
480:Baron Keith
377:Lord Nelson
346:Lord Nelson
133:(1801–1893)
128:(1798–1867)
123:(1796–1822)
84:Nationality
2021:Categories
645:References
612:Lazzaretto
578:Foudroyant
546:in Naples
466:statesman
462:Prominent
444:one or two
405:Sanfedismo
290:Royal Navy
234:statesman
184:estate in
66:Lazzaretto
1846:153886673
1698:171111027
1581:149157822
978:186763818
738:277139219
730:1758-2539
659:"Burials"
576:HMS
454:, saying:
219:in 1790.
186:Mickleham
138:Parent(s)
1773:31263097
1751:(1994).
1676:(2007).
1659:14188885
1637:(1987).
1620:49805550
1561:(2004).
1533:, p. 213
1506:(1838).
1483:61913443
1467:(1846).
1454:, p. 650
1316:, p. 325
1301:, p. 324
1277:, p. 228
1265:, p. 220
1253:, p. 214
1211:, p. 189
1084:(1954).
1013:33962135
1001:(1834).
949:(1972).
936:, p. 190
881:69408468
869:(1809).
834:22 March
783:84994887
707:(1962).
562:being a
500:captains
452:polaccas
436:jacobins
248:Jacobins
115:Children
1891:Unknown
1869:Unknown
1851:17 July
1797:16 July
1739:16 July
1703:15 July
1664:16 July
1625:16 July
1516:15 July
1488:15 July
1471:(ed.).
1372:16 July
1236:16 July
1194:16 July
1104:15 July
1099:1209569
1050:15 July
1045:6213469
1018:17 July
983:15 July
886:15 July
788:16 July
743:15 July
724:: 317.
665:16 July
610:in the
564:Jacobin
560:Cecilia
496:pursers
419:Ireland
358:Palermo
332:of his
288:of the
252:Bourbon
250:at the
152:British
88:British
68:, Malta
1906:Vacant
1844:
1792:418335
1790:
1771:
1761:
1732:
1722:
1696:
1686:
1657:
1647:
1618:
1608:
1579:
1569:
1547:p. 170
1481:
1421:p. 164
1406:p. 165
1391:p. 165
1348:p. 209
1333:p. 209
1135:875785
1133:
1097:
1069:p. 477
1043:
1011:
976:
966:
879:
855:p. 477
781:
771:
736:
728:
626:Legacy
608:plague
472:Family
428:legacy
392:France
362:Sicily
326:Naples
190:Surrey
165:Family
159:Naples
105:Spouse
99:Naples
2007:(PDF)
2000:(PDF)
1734:24250
1172:p. 97
1131:JSTOR
923:p. 98
905:p. 97
616:Malta
604:Egypt
598:Death
354:Queen
310:Paris
242:or a
78:Malta
1853:2009
1842:OCLC
1799:2009
1788:OCLC
1769:OCLC
1759:ISBN
1741:2009
1730:OCLC
1720:ISBN
1705:2009
1694:OCLC
1684:ISBN
1666:2009
1655:OCLC
1645:ISBN
1627:2009
1616:OCLC
1606:ISBN
1577:OCLC
1567:ISBN
1518:2009
1490:2009
1479:OCLC
1374:2009
1238:2009
1196:2009
1106:2009
1095:OCLC
1052:2009
1041:OCLC
1020:2009
1009:OCLC
985:2009
974:OCLC
964:ISBN
888:2009
877:OCLC
836:2018
790:2009
779:OCLC
769:ISBN
745:2009
734:OCLC
726:ISSN
667:2009
498:and
464:Whig
352:and
232:Whig
59:Died
54:1770
51:Born
1993:4.
1977:3.
1961:2.
1945:1.
1823:doi
1127:110
614:at
360:in
356:to
324:at
308:in
157:in
23:or
2023::
1982:.
1966:.
1950:.
1817:.
1767:.
1728:.
1692:.
1653:.
1614:.
1575:.
1545:,
1435:.
1419:,
1404:,
1389:,
1363:.
1346:,
1331:,
1321:^
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1216:^
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722:12
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188:,
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1829:.
1825::
1819:4
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1743:.
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1668:.
1629:.
1583:.
1520:.
1492:.
1376:.
1240:.
1198:.
1137:.
1108:.
1054:.
1022:.
987:.
890:.
792:.
747:.
669:.
296:.
27:.
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