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82:
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337:). Effects depend on the substance; hydrogen peroxide removes a bleached layer of skin, while nitric acid causes a characteristic color change to yellow in the skin, and silver nitrate produces noticeable black stains. Chemical burns may occur through direct contact on body surfaces, including skin and eyes, via inhalation, and/or by ingestion. Substances that diffuse efficiently in human tissue, e.g.,
51:
378:
exposure to these products. This report aims at suggesting protection measures for the consumers, and formulates recommendations that apply to the different stages of the chain, which begins with the formulation of the product, followed by its regulation, marketing, application, post-application and ends with its monitoring.
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In
Belgium, the Conseil Supérieur de la Santé gives a scientific advisory report on public health policy. The Superior Health Council of Belgium provides an overview of products that are authorized in Belgium for consumer use and that contain caustic substances, as well as of the risks linked to
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classification and may cause extensive tissue damage. The main types of irritant and/or corrosive products are: acids, bases,
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361:, and related professional fields are examples of occupations where chemical burns may occur. Hydrofluoric acid
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diffuse into tissue and damage cellular structures under skin without immediately apparent damage to skin surface
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349:, may not react immediately, but instead produce the burns and inflammation hours after the contact. Chemical
518:. AVIS DU CONSEIL SUPERIEUR DE LA SANTE N° 9108. Conseil Supérieur de la Santé. November 2015. Archived from
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The exact symptoms of a chemical burn depend on the chemical involved. Symptoms include itching,
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into the bloodstream, reacts with calcium and magnesium, and the resulting salts can cause
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513:"Human exposure to caustic and/or corrosive substances (acids and bases)"
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Additionally, chemical burns can be caused by biological toxins (such as
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477:. said dishwasher uses caustic chemicals such as high concentration
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461:(HF) burns, which were not evident until a day after exposure
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Severe skin burns with blisters are very rare, but possible.
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1918. These burns are severe enough to be life-threatening.
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A hand that has received minor chemical burns from a
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293:. Common sources of chemical burns include
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434:Soldier with mustard gas burns, circa 1918
285:or darkening of skin, burning sensations,
177:occurs when living tissue is exposed to a
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266:not be immediately evident or noticeable
504:
395:Chemical burns to the arm, caused by a
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167:Depends on the chemicals being exposed
58:Chemical burns caused by exposure to
7:
209:). Chemical burns follow standard
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229:) and by some types of cytotoxic
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1:
106:of skin, burning sensations,
263:occur immediately on contact
475:commercial grade dishwasher
369:after eating through skin.
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805:Retroperitoneal hemorrhage
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48:
418:burns to back and arms,
289:, coughing blood and/or
127:Depends on the severity
260:need no source of heat
155:, and greater than 5%
984:Occupational diseases
912:Occupational injuries
135:most common include:
917:Traumatic amputation
414:Soldier with severe
269:be extremely painful
256:Chemical burns may:
979:Medical emergencies
525:on 20 December 2015
217:/ reducing agents,
179:corrosive substance
974:Contact dermatitis
880:Penetrating trauma
800:Grey Turner's sign
790:Subungual hematoma
606:External resources
181:(such as a strong
76:Emergency medicine
956:
955:
640:
639:
459:Hydrofluoric acid
339:hydrofluoric acid
327:hydrogen peroxide
307:hydrochloric acid
287:trouble breathing
171:
170:
157:hydrogen peroxide
141:hydrochloric acid
108:trouble breathing
30:Medical condition
27:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
991:
948:Abdominal trauma
856:Ballistic trauma
743:Friction blister
738:Fracture blister
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347:dimethyl sulfate
311:sodium hydroxide
231:chemical weapons
145:sodium hydroxide
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64:First World War
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367:cardiac arrest
343:sulfur mustard
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319:silver nitrate
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251:phosgene oxime
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114:and/or tissue
112:coughing blood
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18:Chemical burns
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902:Chemical burn
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873:/superficial/
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795:Cullen's sign
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718:Blood blister
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227:anthrax toxin
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175:chemical burn
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137:sulfuric acid
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123:Complications
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36:Chemical burn
34:
19:
943:Chest trauma
901:
889:Aerosol burn
871:Blunt trauma
780:Raccoon eyes
723:Coma blister
624:
613:
589:
574:
562:
527:. Retrieved
520:the original
507:
376:
280:
277:Presentation
255:
174:
172:
938:Head injury
933:Hand injury
615:MedlinePlus
416:mustard gas
401:mustard gas
351:fabrication
239:mustard gas
199:mustard gas
62:during the
60:mustard gas
41:Other names
963:Categories
861:Stab wound
770:Ecchymosis
529:2 December
499:References
373:Prevention
223:alkylants.
159:solutions.
926:By region
907:Frostbite
898:Corrosion
785:Black eye
686:Abrasions
626:eMedicine
571:: T26-T28
283:bleaching
247:urticants
235:vesicants
215:oxidizers
197:(such as
164:Treatment
104:darkening
100:bleaching
71:Specialty
44:Acid burn
866:Splinter
766:Hematoma
710:Blisters
698:Avulsion
693:Abrasion
679:injuries
673:General
631:derm/777
487:See also
479:chlorine
359:medicine
313:(NaOH),
249:such as
243:Lewisite
237:such as
233:, e.g.,
219:solvents
203:lewisite
191:oxidizer
116:necrosis
91:Symptoms
758:Bruises
596:D002057
382:Gallery
363:leaches
325:), and
317:(CaO),
309:(HCl),
193:) or a
96:itching
875:closed
849:Other:
835:Spider
830:Insect
825:Animal
817:Biting
675:wounds
620:000059
355:mining
345:, and
221:, and
207:arsine
132:Causes
78:
969:Burns
840:Snake
523:(PDF)
516:(PDF)
420:circa
399:e.g.
321:(AgNO
245:, or
894:Burn
884:open
677:and
591:MeSH
580:9-CM
531:2015
315:lime
241:and
211:burn
187:base
183:acid
149:lime
585:949
576:ICD
564:ICD
305:),
205:or
189:or
102:or
965::
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568:10
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353:,
341:,
329:(H
301:SO
297:(H
253:.
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882:/
768:/
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652:v
578:-
566:-
556:D
533:.
481:.
335:2
333:O
331:2
323:3
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299:2
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