133:
342:
113:
1101:
Jenkins, P. D., C. W. Kilpatrick, M. F. Robinson, and R. J. Timmins. 2004. "Morphological and molecular investigations of a new family, genus and species of rodent (Mammalia: Rodentia: Hystricognatha) from Lao PDR". Systematics and
Biodiversity,
872:
studies. The
Dinomyidae is now thought to belong to the Chinchilloidea rather than the Cavioidea, the Abrocomidae may belong to the Octodontoidea, and the Hydrochaeridae may have evolved from within the Caviidae.
1098:
Huchon, D. E. J. P. Douzery. 2001. "From the Old World to the New World: A molecular chronicle of the phylogeny and biogeography of hystricognath rodents". Molecular
Phylogenetics and Evolution, 20:238-251.
1132:
Vassallo, A. I., and C. D. Antenucci. 2015. Biology of
Caviomorph Rodents: Diversity and Evolution. Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos (SAREM) Series A Mammalogical Research.
402:. Several hypotheses have been proposed as to how hystricognath rodents colonized this island continent. Most require that a small group of these rodents traveled across ocean bodies atop a
267:
evidence. The
Caviomorpha was for a time considered to be a separate order outside the Rodentia, but is now accepted as a genuine part of the rodents. Caviomorphs include the extinct
1108:
Marivaux, L. M. Vianey-Liaud, and J.-J. Jaeger. 2004. "High-level phylogeny of early
Tertiary rodents: dental evidence". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 142:105-134.
940:
Vélez-Juarbe, J.; Martin, T.; Macphee, R. D. E.; Ortega-Ariza, D. (January 2014). "The earliest
Caribbean rodents: Oligocene caviomorphs from Puerto Rico".
1037:
Fabre, Pierre-Henri; Vilstrup, Julia T.; Raghavan, Maanasa; Der
Sarkissian, Clio; Willerslev, Eske; Douzery, Emmanuel J. P.; Orlando, Ludovic (July 2014).
484:
Caviomorph rodents underwent an explosive diversification upon arrival into South
America. They managed to outcompete other animals in rodent-like
916:
1105:
Lavocat, R. 1969. "La systématique des rongeurs hystricomorphes et la dérive des continents". C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Sér. D., 269:1496-1497.
1126:
1187:
1120:
1754:
472:
by the early
Oligocene. This is commonly viewed as another example of oceanic dispersal, although a role for a possible
1744:
559:
132:
1002:
Hedges, S. Blair (2006-08-23). "Paleogrography of the Antilles and Origin of West Indian Terrestrial Vertebrates".
578:
449:, all modern hystricognath families were restricted to South America, Africa, or had a range that included Africa (
1749:
582:
1015:
273:
1656:
429:(Lavocat, 1969; Huchon and Douzery, 2000). This is supported by molecular results, which suggest that the
380:
1716:
1180:
1039:"Rodents of the Caribbean: origin and diversification of hutias unravelled by next-generation museomics"
1703:
587:
1564:
1511:
1135:
Wood, A. E. 1985. The relationships, origin, and dispersal of hystricognath rodents. pp 475–513 in
869:
790:
527:
264:
850:
1405:
1019:
957:
755:
718:
615:
227:
127:
1721:
802:
838:
820:
743:
1389:
1116:
1076:
1058:
912:
696:
418:
1694:
1233:
1173:
1066:
1050:
1011:
984:
949:
904:
897:"Paleogeography of the South Atlantic: a Route for Primates and Rodents into the New World?"
596:
485:
469:
454:
446:
1442:
1259:
768:
735:
574:
268:
975:
Hedges, S. Blair (November 1996). "Historical biogeography of West Indian vertebrates".
1628:
1479:
1160:
1155:
1071:
1038:
774:
705:
689:
621:
555:
539:
422:
395:, all superfamilies and most families of caviomorphs are present in the fossil record.
322:
194:
550:(Vassallo and Antenucci, 2015). Habitats include grasslands (maras), high mountains (
1738:
1636:
1588:
1288:
1023:
988:
961:
783:
728:
662:
645:
535:
515:
442:
356:
326:
306:
255:
70:
1165:
1620:
1336:
1243:
830:
489:
438:
434:
330:
953:
896:
1688:
1503:
908:
710:
675:
656:
650:
551:
473:
450:
417:
The most common hypothesis suggests that the ancestor to all modern caviomorphs
310:
282:
278:
45:
1612:
1596:
1536:
1521:
1421:
1413:
1397:
1321:
1311:
1304:
1150:
812:
668:
585:, has naturally colonized North America north of Mexico (the extinct capybara
531:
510:
501:
430:
318:
314:
294:
286:
90:
55:
17:
1679:
1062:
1604:
1466:
1458:
1372:
1365:
1349:
895:
Oliveira, Felipe Bandoni de; Molina, Eder Cassola; Marroig, Gabriel (2009),
628:
519:
493:
461:
411:
399:
392:
388:
302:
249:
144:
95:
1080:
1054:
595:
has been introduced into North America and has proven a highly successful
445:) are sister taxa to the Caviomorpha. In fact, until the discovery of the
1673:
1572:
1544:
1382:
1275:
1267:
1227:
1215:
641:
637:
633:
543:
523:
407:
298:
290:
164:
120:
85:
80:
65:
60:
50:
1528:
1429:
1127:
A molecular timescale for Caviomorph rodents (Mammalia, Hystricognathi)
682:
567:
465:
352:
100:
75:
1137:
Evolutionary relationships among rodents, a multidisciplinary approach
457:
appear to have colonized South America from Africa at a similar time.
341:
1328:
1221:
1209:
1197:
1139:(W. P. Luckett and J.-R. Hartenberger, eds.). Plenum Press, New York.
592:
547:
426:
384:
260:
246:
184:
174:
154:
1650:
112:
1495:
505:
340:
1708:
1580:
563:
403:
1654:
1169:
868:
Note that some changes to this taxonomy have been suggested by
497:
398:
During this time, South America was isolated from all other
496:
diets, they expanded their sizes to encompass a range from
1278:(Squirrels, chipmunks, marmots, susliks and prairie dogs)
1016:
10.3417/0026-6493(2006)93[231:POTAAO]2.0.CO;2
573:
Although many species of caviomorphs have migrated into
277:(the largest rodent ever known) and extant families of
1129:. "Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution", 37:932-937.
1663:
1478:
1441:
1348:
1287:
1242:
903:, New York, NY: Springer New York, pp. 55–68,
1113:Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level.
935:
933:
1400:(Zokors, bamboo rats, mole rats, blind mole rats)
609:Parvorder Caviomorpha - New World hystricognaths
1111:McKenna, Malcolm C., and Bell, Susan K. 1997.
1181:
1115:Columbia University Press, New York, 631 pp.
8:
1651:
1188:
1174:
1166:
111:
31:
1070:
977:Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics
1004:Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden
887:
1375:(Jerboas, jumping mice and birch mice)
514:. Their ecologies included burrowing
379:sp., the latter two found also in the
1339:(Kangaroo rats and mice, pocket mice)
7:
581:, only a single living species, the
460:Caviomorphs went on to colonize the
591:also accomplished this feat). The
27:Sub-set of rodents in South America
942:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
359:are represented by the three taxa
25:
989:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.27.1.163
815:- spiny rats, coypus, and hutias
333:(Vassallo and Antenucci, 2015).
131:
562:) and dense tropical forests (
1:
1416:(Malagasy rats and relatives)
855:Turvey, Grady & Rye, 2006
1615:(Spiny rats, coypus, hutias)
954:10.1080/02724634.2013.789039
560:prehensile-tailed porcupines
271:(giant hutias), the extinct
1639:(Chinchillas and viscachas)
1432:(House mouse and relatives)
909:10.1007/978-0-387-78705-3_3
731:- chinchillas and viscachas
492:. Retaining predominantly
1771:
1557:(New World hystricognaths)
579:Great American Interchange
476:has also been considered.
259:. It is supported by both
1204:
1196:Extant families in order
490:South American marsupials
233:
226:
219:
214:
128:Scientific classification
126:
119:
110:
34:
1424:(Hamsters and relatives)
583:North American porcupine
534:, running forms such as
375:sp. (Dasyproctidae) and
371:, as well as teeth from
361:Cachiyacuy contamanensis
901:South American Primates
351:The first known rodent
274:Josephoartigasia monesi
1591:(Agoutis and acouchis)
1567:(New World porcupines)
1514:(Old World porcupines)
1055:10.1098/rsbl.2014.0266
777:- New World porcupines
665:- agoutis and acouchis
348:
1755:Hystricognath rodents
1717:Paleobiology Database
1623:(Degus and relatives)
1408:(Mouse-like hamsters)
833:- degus and relatives
425:(then narrower) from
369:Canaanimys maquiensis
344:
588:Neochoerus pinckneyi
518:-like forms such as
323:New World porcupines
1125:Opazo, J. C. 2005.
1745:Mammal infraorders
1506:(Laotian rock rat)
1486:("Porcupine-like")
1449:("Anomalure-like")
1392:(Oriental dormice)
1390:Platacanthomyidae
542:forms such as the
433:(as restricted to
349:
1732:
1731:
1657:Taxon identifiers
1648:
1647:
1640:
1632:
1631:(Chinchilla rats)
1624:
1616:
1608:
1600:
1592:
1584:
1576:
1568:
1558:
1548:
1540:
1532:
1515:
1507:
1499:
1489:
1470:
1462:
1452:
1433:
1425:
1417:
1409:
1401:
1393:
1376:
1359:
1340:
1332:
1315:
1298:
1279:
1271:
1263:
1262:(Mountain beaver)
1253:
1250:("Squirrel-like")
918:978-0-387-78704-6
856:
713:- chinchilla rats
558:), forest edges (
455:New World monkeys
240:
239:
210:
16:(Redirected from
1762:
1725:
1724:
1712:
1711:
1699:
1698:
1697:
1684:
1683:
1682:
1652:
1638:
1630:
1622:
1614:
1606:
1598:
1590:
1582:
1574:
1566:
1556:
1546:
1538:
1530:
1513:
1505:
1497:
1496:Ctenodactylidae
1488:
1487:
1483:
1468:
1460:
1451:
1450:
1446:
1431:
1423:
1415:
1407:
1399:
1391:
1374:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1338:
1331:(Pocket gophers)
1330:
1313:
1297:
1296:
1292:
1277:
1269:
1261:
1252:
1251:
1247:
1234:Euarchontoglires
1190:
1183:
1176:
1167:
1085:
1084:
1074:
1034:
1028:
1027:
999:
993:
992:
972:
966:
965:
937:
928:
927:
926:
925:
892:
854:
597:invasive species
488:such as certain
470:Greater Antilles
447:Laotian rock rat
381:Santa Rosa fauna
252:that unites all
208:
136:
135:
115:
105:
42:
41:Oligocene–Recent
38:Temporal range:
32:
21:
1770:
1769:
1765:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1760:
1759:
1750:Rodent taxonomy
1735:
1734:
1733:
1728:
1720:
1715:
1707:
1702:
1693:
1692:
1687:
1678:
1677:
1672:
1659:
1649:
1644:
1565:Erethizontidae
1485:
1484:
1482:
1474:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1443:Anomaluromorpha
1437:
1355:
1354:
1352:
1344:
1295:("Beaver-like")
1294:
1293:
1291:
1283:
1249:
1248:
1246:
1238:
1200:
1194:
1147:
1142:
1094:
1089:
1088:
1043:Biology Letters
1036:
1035:
1031:
1001:
1000:
996:
974:
973:
969:
939:
938:
931:
923:
921:
919:
894:
893:
889:
884:
879:
769:Erethizontoidea
736:Heptaxodontidae
605:
575:Central America
556:chinchilla rats
482:
468:, reaching the
339:
279:chinchilla rats
269:Heptaxodontidae
235:Neocaviomorpha
207:
130:
106:
104:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
40:
39:
36:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1768:
1766:
1758:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1737:
1736:
1730:
1729:
1727:
1726:
1713:
1700:
1685:
1669:
1667:
1661:
1660:
1655:
1646:
1645:
1643:
1642:
1637:Chinchillidae
1634:
1626:
1618:
1610:
1602:
1594:
1589:Dasyproctidae
1586:
1578:
1570:
1562:
1560:
1551:
1550:
1545:Thryonomyidae
1542:
1534:
1526:
1524:
1518:
1517:
1509:
1501:
1492:
1490:
1480:Hystricomorpha
1476:
1475:
1473:
1472:
1464:
1455:
1453:
1439:
1438:
1436:
1435:
1427:
1419:
1411:
1403:
1395:
1387:
1385:
1379:
1378:
1370:
1368:
1362:
1360:
1356:("Mouse-like")
1346:
1345:
1343:
1342:
1334:
1326:
1324:
1318:
1317:
1309:
1307:
1301:
1299:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1281:
1273:
1265:
1260:Aplodontiidae
1256:
1254:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1236:
1230:
1224:
1218:
1212:
1205:
1202:
1201:
1195:
1193:
1192:
1185:
1178:
1170:
1164:
1163:
1161:Hystricognathi
1158:
1156:Hystricomorpha
1153:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1140:
1133:
1130:
1123:
1109:
1106:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1029:
1010:(2): 231–244.
994:
983:(1): 163–196.
967:
948:(1): 157–163.
929:
917:
886:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
866:
865:
864:
863:
862:
861:
859:incertae sedis
846:
844:incertae sedis
834:
828:
826:incertae sedis
816:
810:
808:incertae sedis
798:
796:incertae sedis
780:
779:
778:
775:Erethizontidae
765:
764:
763:
761:incertae sedis
751:
749:incertae sedis
739:
738:- giant hutias
732:
726:
724:incertae sedis
714:
706:Chinchilloidea
702:
701:
700:
692:
690:Neoepiblemidae
686:
678:
672:
666:
660:
654:
648:
625:
622:incertae sedis
604:
601:
526:forms such as
481:
478:
464:as far as the
423:Atlantic Ocean
391:. By the late
383:from the late
338:
335:
256:hystricognaths
238:
237:
231:
230:
224:
223:
217:
216:
212:
211:
202:
198:
197:
195:Hystricognathi
192:
188:
187:
182:
178:
177:
172:
168:
167:
162:
158:
157:
152:
148:
147:
142:
138:
137:
124:
123:
117:
116:
108:
107:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
44:
43:
37:
26:
24:
18:Chinchilloidea
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1767:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1742:
1740:
1723:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1705:
1701:
1696:
1690:
1686:
1681:
1675:
1671:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1653:
1641:
1635:
1633:
1627:
1625:
1621:Octodontidae
1619:
1617:
1611:
1609:
1603:
1601:
1595:
1593:
1587:
1585:
1579:
1577:
1571:
1569:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1549:
1543:
1541:
1537:Petromuridae
1535:
1533:
1529:Bathyergidae
1527:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1519:
1516:
1510:
1508:
1502:
1500:
1494:
1493:
1491:
1481:
1477:
1471:
1469:(Springhares)
1465:
1463:
1459:Anomaluridae
1457:
1456:
1454:
1444:
1440:
1434:
1428:
1426:
1420:
1418:
1412:
1410:
1406:Calomyscidae
1404:
1402:
1396:
1394:
1388:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1380:
1377:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1361:
1351:
1347:
1341:
1337:Heteromyidae
1335:
1333:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1316:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1290:
1289:Castorimorpha
1286:
1280:
1274:
1272:
1266:
1264:
1258:
1257:
1255:
1245:
1241:
1235:
1231:
1229:
1225:
1223:
1219:
1217:
1213:
1211:
1207:
1206:
1203:
1199:
1191:
1186:
1184:
1179:
1177:
1172:
1171:
1168:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1148:
1144:
1138:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1124:
1122:
1121:0-231-11013-8
1118:
1114:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1091:
1082:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1033:
1030:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
998:
995:
990:
986:
982:
978:
971:
968:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
936:
934:
930:
920:
914:
910:
906:
902:
898:
891:
888:
881:
876:
874:
871:
860:
853:
852:
847:
845:
841:
840:
835:
832:
829:
827:
823:
822:
817:
814:
811:
809:
805:
804:
799:
797:
793:
792:
791:Caviocricetus
787:
786:
785:
784:Octodontoidea
781:
776:
772:
771:
770:
766:
762:
758:
757:
752:
750:
746:
745:
740:
737:
733:
730:
729:Chinchillidae
727:
725:
721:
720:
715:
712:
709:
708:
707:
703:
699:
698:
693:
691:
687:
685:
684:
679:
677:
673:
670:
667:
664:
663:Dasyproctidae
661:
658:
655:
652:
649:
647:
643:
639:
635:
632:
631:
630:
626:
624:
623:
618:
617:
612:
611:
610:
607:
606:
602:
600:
598:
594:
590:
589:
584:
580:
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571:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
512:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
479:
477:
475:
471:
467:
463:
458:
456:
452:
448:
444:
443:Thryonomyidae
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
415:
413:
409:
405:
401:
396:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
357:South America
354:
347:
343:
336:
334:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
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270:
266:
262:
258:
257:
251:
248:
244:
236:
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222:
218:
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206:
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199:
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150:
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125:
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118:
114:
109:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
33:
30:
19:
1664:
1629:Abrocomidae
1607:(Tuco-tucos)
1605:Ctenomyidae
1581:Cuniculidae
1555:Caviomorpha
1554:
1539:(Dassie rat)
1512:Hystricidae
1504:Diatomyidae
1461:(Anomalures)
1244:Sciuromorpha
1232:Superorder:
1226:Infraclass:
1136:
1112:
1046:
1042:
1032:
1007:
1003:
997:
980:
976:
970:
945:
941:
922:, retrieved
900:
890:
867:
858:
851:Tainotherium
849:
843:
837:
831:Octodontidae
825:
819:
807:
801:
795:
789:
782:Superfamily
767:Superfamily
760:
754:
748:
742:
723:
717:
704:Superfamily
695:
681:
653:- tuco-tucos
627:Superfamily
620:
614:
608:
586:
572:
530:and certain
509:
483:
459:
439:Petromuridae
435:Bathyergidae
416:
397:
376:
373:Eobranisamys
372:
368:
364:
360:
350:
345:
272:
253:
242:
241:
234:
220:
204:
191:Infraorder:
29:
1695:Caviomorpha
1689:Wikispecies
1665:Caviomorpha
1613:Echimyidae
1597:Dinomyidae
1547:(Cane rats)
1422:Cricetidae
1414:Nesomyidae
1398:Spalacidae
1312:Castoridae
1305:Castoroidea
756:Tsaphanomys
719:Borikenomys
711:Abrocomidae
676:Eocardiidae
657:Cuniculidae
651:Ctenomyidae
616:Luribayomys
552:chinchillas
494:herbivorous
474:land bridge
462:West Indies
451:Hystricidae
421:across the
295:chinchillas
287:guinea pigs
243:Caviomorpha
205:Caviomorpha
201:Parvorder:
35:Caviomorpha
1739:Categories
1599:(Pacarana)
1531:(Blesmols)
1522:Phiomorpha
1467:Pedetidae
1373:Dipodidae
1366:Dipodoidea
1329:Geomyidae
1322:Geomyoidea
1276:Sciuridae
1151:Phiomorpha
1102:2:419-454.
924:2022-07-11
877:References
813:Echimyidae
803:Dicolpomys
671:- pacarana
669:Dinomyidae
577:since the
532:spiny rats
528:porcupines
520:tuco-tucos
511:Phoberomys
431:Phiomorpha
400:continents
365:C. kummeli
319:spiny rats
303:tuco-tucos
254:New World
209:Wood, 1955
1573:Caviidae
1350:Myomorpha
1314:(Beavers)
1270:(Dormice)
1268:Gliridae
1208:Kingdom:
1063:1744-9561
1024:198149958
962:140178414
882:Citations
870:molecular
839:Plateomys
821:Morenella
744:Maquiamys
642:capybaras
629:Cavioidea
502:echimyids
480:Diversity
412:driftwood
408:mangroves
393:Oligocene
389:Oligocene
387:or early
346:Neoreomys
331:octodonts
315:pacaranas
299:viscachas
265:molecular
250:parvorder
221:see text
215:Families
151:Kingdom:
145:Eukaryota
1709:42407938
1674:Wikidata
1575:(Cavies)
1498:(Gundis)
1430:Muridae
1383:Muroidea
1228:Eutheria
1222:Mammalia
1216:Chordata
1214:Phylum:
1210:Animalia
1198:Rodentia
1145:See also
1081:25115033
697:Scotamys
634:Caviidae
603:Families
568:acouchis
544:capybara
524:arboreal
291:capybara
289:and the
228:Synonyms
185:Rodentia
175:Mammalia
165:Chordata
161:Phylum:
155:Animalia
141:Domain:
121:Capybara
1680:Q859154
1583:(Pacas)
1220:Class:
1092:Sources
1072:4126619
773:Family
683:Guiomys
659:- pacas
599:there.
540:aquatic
508:-sized
504:to the
500:-sized
466:Bahamas
377:Eospina
353:fossils
307:agoutis
245:is the
181:Order:
171:Class:
1722:100372
1119:
1079:
1069:
1061:
1022:
960:
915:
644:, and
638:cavies
593:nutria
548:nutria
538:, and
516:gopher
486:niches
441:, and
427:Africa
419:rafted
385:Eocene
367:, and
337:Origin
283:hutias
261:fossil
247:rodent
1049:(7).
1020:S2CID
958:S2CID
646:maras
564:pacas
536:maras
506:bison
327:coypu
311:pacas
1117:ISBN
1077:PMID
1059:ISSN
913:ISBN
566:and
554:and
546:and
404:raft
329:and
297:and
263:and
46:PreꞒ
1704:EoL
1067:PMC
1051:doi
1012:doi
985:doi
950:doi
905:doi
570:).
498:rat
453:).
410:or
406:of
355:in
1741::
1719::
1706::
1691::
1676::
1075:.
1065:.
1057:.
1047:10
1045:.
1041:.
1018:.
1008:93
1006:.
981:27
979:.
956:.
946:34
944:.
932:^
911:,
899:,
857:-
842:-
824:-
806:-
794:-
759:-
747:-
722:-
640:,
636:-
619:-
522:,
437:,
414:.
363:,
325:,
321:,
317:,
313:,
309:,
305:,
301:,
293:,
285:,
281:,
96:Pg
1189:e
1182:t
1175:v
1083:.
1053::
1026:.
1014::
991:.
987::
964:.
952::
907::
848:†
836:†
818:†
800:†
788:†
753:†
741:†
734:†
716:†
694:†
688:†
680:†
674:†
613:†
101:N
91:K
86:J
81:T
76:P
71:C
66:D
61:S
56:O
51:Ꞓ
20:)
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