451:
2958:
42:
31:
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from over two millennia ago. Its content is divided into 3 parts: Feng (風, folk songs from 15 small countries, 160 songs in total), Ya (雅, Imperial court songs, subdivided into daya and xiaoya, 105 songs in total) and Song (頌, singing in ancestral worship, 40 songs in total).This anthology received
115:
influences filtered through the minds of
Chinese literati. Poetry provides a format and a forum for both public and private expressions of deep emotion, offering an audience of peers, readers, and scholars insight into the inner life of Chinese writers across more than two millennia. Chinese poetry
483:
era (220–589 CE) was one of various developments in poetry, both continuing and building on the traditions developed and handed down from previous eras and also leading up to further developments of poetry in the future. Major examples of poetry surviving from this dynamic era include the works of
258:
poems are predominantly composed of four-character lines (四言), rather than the five and seven character lines typical of later
Classical Chinese poetry. The main techniques of expression (rhetorics) are Fu (賦, Direct elaborate narrative), bi (比, metaphor) and Xing (興, describe other thing to
558:
poetry. Jintishi (meaning "new style poetry"), or regulated verse, is a stricter form developed in the early Tang dynasty with rules governing the structure of a poem, in terms of line-length, number of lines, tonal patterns within the lines, the use of
1023:
In the early twenty-first century, many of the traditional uses of
Chinese poetry remain intact in the modern era. These include relationships between politics and poetry, and also completely traditional practices in folk culture such as posting
250:
its final compilation sometime in the 7th century BCE. The collection contains both aristocratic poems regarding life at the royal court ("Odes") and also more rustic poetry and images of natural settings, derived at least to some extent from
450:
1802:
166:, but the mere rhyming of text may not qualify literature as being poetry; and, as well, the lack of rhyme would not necessarily disqualify a modern work from being considered poetry, in the sense of modern Chinese poetry.
423:
Between and over-lapping the poetry of the latter days of the Han and the beginning period of the Six
Dynasties was Jian'an poetry. Examples of surviving poetry from this period include the works of the "Three Caos":
2541:
335:("descriptive poem") style, typified by a mixture of verse and prose passages (often used as a virtuoso display the poet's skills and knowledge rather than to convey intimate emotional experiences). The
832:(1644 to 1912) is notable in terms of development of the criticism of poetry and the development of important poetry collections, such as the Qing era collections of Tang dynasty poetry known as the
193:(楚辭). Both of these have had a great impact on the subsequent poetic tradition. Earlier examples of ancient Chinese poetry may have been lost because of the vicissitudes of history, such as the
2484:
1478:
649:
poem is labeled "To the tune of " (调寄/調寄) and fits the meter and rhyme of the tune (much in the same way that
Christian hymn writers set new lyrics to pre-existing tunes). The titles of
393:
poems are composed of five-character (五言) or seven-character (七言) lines, in contrast to the four-character lines of earlier times. A characteristic form of Han dynasty literature is the
2534:
1806:
613:. The poetry of the Tang dynasty remains influential today. Other Late Tang poetry developed a more allusive and surreal character, as can be seen, for example, in the works of
2527:
2491:
1828:
645:(词/詞) lyric—new lyrics written according to the set rhythms of existing tunes. Each of the tunes had music that has often been lost, but having its own meter. Thus, each
981:, led by Qin Zihao (1902–1963) and Ji Xian (b. 1903). Most influential poetic groups were founded in 1954 the "Modernist School", the "Blue Star", and the "Epoch".
301:) consists of verses more emphasizing lyric and romantic features, as well as irregular line-lengths and other influences from the poetry typical of the state of
538:). During the time of, poetry was integrated into almost every aspect of the professional and social life of the literate class, including becoming part of the
2467:
1245:
1172:
609:. Over time, some Tang poetry became more realistic, more narrative and more critical of social norms; for example, these traits can be seen in the works of
321:'s 158 CE compilation and notes, which are the only historically reliable sources of both the text and information regarding its composition. During the
532:
period (618–907): not only was this period prolific in poets; but, also in poems (perhaps around 50,000 poems survive, many of them collected in the
2237:
194:
881:
1372:
1188:
2083:
2030:
1998:
1974:
1950:
385:" poems, so named because of the government's role in collecting such poems, although in time some poets began composing original works in
1803:"Third Time's a Charm — Lunar Library Successfully Lands on the Moon — Backup of Human Civilization Will Last for Up To Billions of Years"
1049:
947:
sought to break
Chinese poetry from past conventions by adopting Western models. For example, Xu consciously follows the style of the
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1699:
2169:
2134:
2112:
2062:
2048:
1915:
1896:
1013:
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poetry, may seem like a simple short vernacular essay since they lack some of the structure traditionally used to define poetry.
2192:
2352:
1203:
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poetry most often expressed feelings of desire, often in an adopted persona. However, great exponents of the form, such as the
502:
485:
1496:
1367:
1240:
1854:
1670:
150:(賦/赋), which defies categorization into English more than the other terms, but perhaps can best be described as a kind of
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2276:
2230:
1776:
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poems are not necessarily related to their subject matter, and many poems may share a title. In terms of their content,
96:, and other historical and vernacular forms of the language, its poetry generally falls into one of two primary types,
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1455:
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language. Usually Modern
Chinese poetry does not follow prescribed patterns. Poetry was revolutionized after 1919's
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119:
97:
50:
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taken by anyone wanting a government post. By this point, poetry was being composed according to regulated
53:(對聯 "couplet"), a by-product of Chinese poetry, pasted on the sides of doors leading to people's homes, at
2462:
940:
399:. The poetic period of the end of the Han dynasty and the beginning of the Six Dynasties era is known as
2752:
2265:
1160:
1150:
1093:
898:
893:
748:
691:(1271–1368) included the development of types of poetry written to fixed-tone patterns, such as for the
662:
493:
473:
101:
1054:
597:(truncated verse), a four-line poem with five, six, or seven characters per line. Good examples of the
2692:
2570:
2411:
2294:
1265:
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In the contemporary poetic scene, the most important and influential poets are in the group known as
703:(散曲), a freer form based on new popular songs and dramatic arias, that developed and lasted into the
700:
539:
497:
445:
585:, a type of regulated verse with an eight-line form having five, six, or seven characters per line;
2867:
2615:
2366:
2212:: Chinese Studies). Available through libraries by subscription. Selective, annotated bibliography.
1213:
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used more liberal running lines and direct diction, which were vastly popular and widely imitated.
910:
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534:
318:
2857:
2787:
2782:
2702:
2359:
2069:
2016:
1412:
1145:
970:
405:
141:
77:
2727:
2105:
Chinese Poetry as Soul
Summoning: Shamanistic Religious Influences on Chinese Literary Tradition
639:(960–1279), another form had proven it could provide the flexibility that new poets needed: the
30:
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1994:
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1911:
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1005:
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for permanent preservation, making it the earliest known
Chinese poem to land on the Moon.
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507:
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Ming-Qing
Transition includes the interluding/overlapping periods of the brief so-called
347:
form of poetry remains as one of the generic pillars of Chinese poetry; although, in the
901:(新诗/新詞 "new poetry") refers to the modern vernacular style of poetry, as opposed to the
2902:
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counts as poetry. Due to the special structure of Chinese writing and Chinese grammar,
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1074:
1029:
923:
581:
548:
294:
238:
130:
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775:(1644 to 1662). One example of poets who wrote during the difficult times of the late
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2872:
2817:
2807:
2777:
2757:
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1984:
1960:
1932:
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772:
658:
480:
340:
198:
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2747:
2707:
2687:
2672:
2431:
2380:
1506:
1437:
1402:
1223:
1139:
829:
795:
784:
776:
768:
756:
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719:
704:
688:
636:
543:
529:
460:
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382:
353:
348:
151:
124:
54:
1945:(4th rev. ed.). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. pp. 232–235.
2155:
2073:
2020:
1988:
1964:
1940:
1858:
1678:
2907:
2897:
2762:
2438:
2424:
2417:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2122:
2078:. Harvard, Ma: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. pp. 669–673.
2025:. Harvard, Ma: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. pp. 718–724.
1417:
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985:
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587:
523:
395:
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331:
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302:
146:
136:
93:
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2151:
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978:
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used Neo-Taoist cosmology to take literary theory in a new direction with his
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366:
155:
1780:
1325:
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1285:
1037:
955:
944:
936:
496:
of the four seasons, the great "fields and garden" poet "Tao Yuanming", the
17:
2969:
2931:
2068:
Lupke, Christopher (2017). "Modernism versus Nativism in 1960s Taiwan". In
2387:
1345:
1335:
1290:
1183:
1061:
poets (born between 1980 and 1999, active from 2000 to 2022) who created
1009:
1001:
989:
932:
931:) rather than previously prescribed forms. Early 20th-century poets like
918:
803:
610:
546:. Regulated and unregulated poetry were distinguished as "ancient-style"
251:
112:
1829:"The Odysseus lunar lander's payload included a 30-million page library"
1092:
for the Arch Lunar Art Archive. The poem was carried to the Moon by the
1330:
1320:
1270:
1218:
1033:
997:
993:
959:
914:
433:
425:
314:
310:
2199:
includes MP3 files of modern Chinese translations for dozens of these.
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is still debated. There are arguments and contradiction as to whether
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often reflects the influence of China's various religious traditions.
2550:
2345:
1305:
1275:
1260:
1193:
1017:
966:
792:
666:
602:
572:
563:, and a certain level of mandatory parallelism. Good examples of the
511:
429:
281:
270:
189:
159:
69:
58:
884:, who wrote Classical Chinese poetry in his own calligraphic style.
2850:
2445:
2185:
1255:
614:
593:
576:
560:
377:
163:
108:
40:
29:
2215:
992:
and hermetic references. The most important Misty Poets include
1993:(4th rev. ed.). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
1969:(4th rev. ed.). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
692:
2523:
2219:
2009:
Keep an Eye on South Mountain: Translations of Chinese Poetry
707:(1368–1644). Examples can be seen in the work of playwrights
528:
A high point of classical Chinese poetry occurred during the
571:
forms can be found in, respectively, the works of the poets
2485:
Sunflower Splendor: Three Thousand Years of Chinese Poetry
2055:
Sunflower Splendor: Three Thousand Years of Chinese Poetry
1479:
Sunflower Splendor: Three Thousand Years of Chinese Poetry
695:
librettos. After the Song dynasty, the set rhythms of the
343:
period, although it became shorter and more personal. The
201:, although one of the targets of this last event was the
1987:; et al., eds. (2012c). "Popular poetry of China".
2195:
has PDF and MP3 files for more than 75 poems and CUP's
375:, a folk-song style of poetry became popular, known as
2127:
Chinese Poetry: An Anthology of Major Modes and Genres
2097:
An Anthology of Chinese Literature: Beginnings to 1911
500:
epoch poets, and the poems collected in the anthology
317:, although in its present form the anthology dates to
2946:
1857:(in Chinese). Hong Kong: 虛詞p-articles. Archived from
1572:
1570:
1557:
1555:
1553:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1526:
1065:
in Taiwan. It includes 52 poets such as Liao Chi-Yu,
506:, compiled by Xu Ling (507–83). The general and poet
285:
anthology (also familiarly known, in English, as the
154:. During the modern period, there also has developed
1751:"GALACTIC LEGACY ARCHIVE (INTUITIVE MACHINES, 2024)"
329:
style of poetry contributed to the evolution of the
2501:
2492:
The Columbia Anthology of Modern Chinese Literature
2476:
2455:
2404:
2328:
2274:
2253:
1728:
309:collection consists primarily of poems ascribed to
2157:A Selective Guide to Chinese Literature, 1900–1949
2015:Klein, Lukas (2017). "Poems from Underground". In
1777:"Arch Lunar Art Archive - Arch Mission Foundation"
514:, or "Essay on Literature" in the Fu poetic form.
699:came to be reflected in the set-rhythm pieces of
1990:The Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics
1966:The Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics
1963:; et al., eds. (2012b). "Poetry of China".
1942:The Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics
779:, when the already troubled nation was ruled by
852:continued to be composed beyond the end of the
403:. An important collection of Han poetry is the
158:in Western style. Traditional forms of Chinese
1889:How to Read Chinese Poetry: A Guided Anthology
917:) tried to use vernacular styles related with
107:Poetry is consistently held in high regard in
2535:
2231:
1700:"oxfordbibliographies: Modern Chinese Poetry"
872:continued to be composed past the end of the
591:(verse following set rhythmic patterns); and
8:
1246:List of poems in Chinese or by Chinese poets
1173:List of Classical Chinese poetry anthologies
1020:, who became very famous after his suicide.
339:form remained popular during the subsequent
2053:Liu, Wu-Chi; Irving Yucheng Lo eds. (1990)
1050:New Century New Generation Poetry Selection
229:(also familiarly known, in English, as the
2542:
2528:
2520:
2238:
2224:
2216:
1855:"首有詩作登陸月球 可保存逾五千萬年 台灣詩人煮雪的人：「有部分的我已經在月球上」"
1088:'s poem "Moon Museum" was selected by the
1044:, many new-generation poets have emerged.
771:(also known as Dashun, 1644–1645) and the
128:(詩/诗), and also other major types such as
2129:. Durham; London: Duke University Press.
2057:. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
1636:五言絕右丞，供奉(白曾供奉翰林，故云)，七言絕龍標，供奉，絕妙古今 ，別有天地。
1600:
1472:English-language translation collections
783:(reigned 1627 to 1644), the short-lived
687:Major developments of poetry during the
673:form to address a wide range of topics.
601:verse form can be found in the poems of
449:
195:burning of books and burying of scholars
181:The earliest extant anthologies are the
2953:
1910:. New York: Columbia University Press.
1891:. New York: Columbia University Press.
1576:
1561:
1544:
1522:
882:Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party
2075:A New Literary History of Modern China
2022:A New Literary History of Modern China
1775:Arch Mission Foundation (2024-02-25).
1749:Arch Mission Foundation (2024-02-25).
1723:Arch Mission Foundation (2024-03-03).
1373:List of Three Hundred Tang Poems poets
1189:List of Three Hundred Tang Poems poets
860:Post-imperial Classical Chinese poetry
1906:Cui, Jie; Cai, Zong-qi, eds. (2012).
1657:
1645:
1012:, most of whom were exiled after the
552:poetry and regulated, "recent-style"
351:, five-character and seven-character
122:includes, perhaps first and foremost
7:
1099:However, even today, the concept of
1016:. A special case is the mystic poet
313:(屈原) (329–299 BCE) and his follower
1908:How to Read Chinese Poetry Workbook
1624:
1612:
1588:
207:, which has nevertheless survived.
72:written, spoken, or chanted in the
34:"Quatrain on Heavenly Mountain" by
2103:Williams, Nicholas Morrow (2022).
223:The elder of these two works, the
140:(曲). There is also a traditional
25:
2188:– Writing Women of Imperial China
1926:The Penguin Book of Chinese Verse
1028:. Following Taiwanese poets like
1014:Tiananmen Square protests of 1989
927:closer to what was being spoken (
259:foreshadowing the main content).
111:, often incorporating expressive
80:. While this last term comprises
2968:
2956:
2930:
2555:different cultures and languages
2353:New Songs from the Jade Terrace
1204:New Songs from the Jade Terrace
503:New Songs from the Jade Terrace
486:Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove
458:era copy of the preface to the
245:) is a preserved collection of
27:Poetical art developed in China
2197:web page accompanying Cui 2012
2193:web page accompanying Cai 2008
2191:The Columbia University Press
1671:"A Brief Guide to Misty Poets"
1497:Classical Chinese poetry forms
1368:List of Chinese-language poets
1241:List of Chinese language poets
888:Modern (post-classical) poetry
1:
2463:Chinese poems (category list)
1935:; et al., eds. (2012a).
1379:Important English translators
1142:(the Chinese term for poetry)
723:
712:
579:. Tang poetic forms include:
170:Beginnings of the tradition:
2210:Oxford Bibliographies Online
1704:www.oxfordbibliographies.com
1167:Poetry works and collections
1053:, edited by Taiwanese poets
1928:. Baltimore: Penguin Books.
1827:Erika Morphy (2024-02-26).
1801:Nova Spivack (2024-02-23).
1486:Technical factors of poetry
1456:Jonathan Chaves (professor)
468:, originally attributed to
357:poetry begins to dominate.
275:In contrast to the classic
3017:
2205:Traditional Chinese Poetry
1924:Davis, A. R., ed. (1970).
1887:Cai, Zong-qi, ed. (2008).
1831:. TechSpot. Archived from
1170:
954:In the post-revolutionary
921:and popular poems such as
891:
821:
800:Three Masters of Jiangdong
747:(1368–1644) poets include
736:
680:
665:and the Song dynasty poet
628:
521:
443:
416:
364:
268:
216:
2926:
2561:
2041:The Art of Chinese Poetry
1209:Orchid Pavilion Gathering
1156:List of national poetries
490:Orchid Pavilion Gathering
466:Orchid Pavilion Gathering
2374:Three Hundred Tang Poems
2261:Classical Chinese poetry
2039:Liu, James J.Y. (1966).
1937:"Modern poetry of China"
1725:"Arch Lunar Art Archive"
1492:Classical Chinese poetry
1229:Yan Yu (poetry theorist)
1179:Three Hundred Tang Poems
1130:Classical Chinese poetry
841:Three Hundred Tang Poems
247:Classical Chinese poetry
120:Classical Chinese poetry
98:Classical Chinese poetry
2468:List of poems (article)
2164:. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
1090:Arch Mission Foundation
412:
2007:Holland, Gill (1986).
941:proletarian literature
476:
464:poems composed at the
325:(206 BCE−220 CE), the
62:
38:
2456:Individual poems list
2266:Modern Chinese poetry
1171:Further information:
1161:Modern Chinese poetry
1151:Chinese classic texts
1094:Odysseus lunar lander
965:At the same time, in
913:, when writers (like
899:Modern Chinese poetry
894:Modern Chinese poetry
773:Southern Ming dynasty
540:Imperial examinations
494:Midnight Songs poetry
453:
142:Chinese literary form
102:Modern Chinese poetry
44:
33:
2412:Antithetical couplet
2295:Six Dynasties poetry
1853:虛詞編輯部 (2024-03-07).
1518:Notes and references
1266:Poetry of Mao Zedong
939:(later moved to the
876:; one example being
763:Ming-Qing Transition
701:Chinese Sanqu poetry
472:(303–361 AD) of the
446:Six Dynasties poetry
440:Six Dynasties poetry
76:, and a part of the
2477:Modern compilations
2367:Complete Tang Poems
2070:Wang, David Der-wei
2017:Wang, David Der-wei
1214:Complete Tang Poems
1026:New Year's couplets
911:May Fourth Movement
835:Complete Tang Poems
535:Complete Tang Poems
488:, the poems of the
2996:Chinese literature
2360:Nineteen Old Poems
1591:, pp. xxi, 1.
1413:David R. Knechtges
1146:Chinese literature
1084:In February 2024,
988:, who use oblique
903:traditional poetry
798:are the so-called
477:
406:Nineteen Old Poems
291:Songs of the South
78:Chinese literature
63:
39:
3001:Poetry by country
2944:
2943:
2937:Poetry portal
2517:
2516:
2339:Classic of Poetry
2107:. Cambria Press.
2085:978-0-674-97887-4
2032:978-0-674-97887-4
2000:978-0-691-15491-6
1976:978-0-691-15491-6
1952:978-0-691-15491-6
1251:Poetry of Cao Cao
1199:Classic of Poetry
1047:In May 2022, the
951:with end-rhymes.
907:Classical Chinese
810:(1582–1664), and
787:of peasant-rebel
781:Chongzhen Emperor
755:(1447–1516), and
231:Classic of Poetry
219:Classic of Poetry
82:Classical Chinese
16:(Redirected from
3008:
2973:
2972:
2961:
2960:
2959:
2952:
2935:
2934:
2544:
2537:
2530:
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2509:Cantonese poetry
2240:
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2226:
2217:
2175:
2140:
2118:
2089:
2036:
2004:
1980:
1956:
1921:
1902:
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1850:
1844:
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1841:
1840:
1824:
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1815:
1814:
1805:. Archived from
1798:
1792:
1791:
1789:
1788:
1779:. Archived from
1772:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1762:
1753:. Archived from
1746:
1740:
1739:
1737:
1736:
1727:. Archived from
1720:
1714:
1713:
1711:
1710:
1696:
1690:
1689:
1687:
1686:
1677:. Archived from
1667:
1661:
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1649:
1643:
1637:
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1610:
1604:
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1542:
1408:Bernard Karlgren
1235:Individual poets
971:modernist poetry
958:era, poets like
728:
725:
717:
714:
371:Also during the
90:Mandarin Chinese
86:Standard Chinese
74:Chinese language
47:Chinese New Year
21:
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2331:and collections
2330:
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2172:
2160:. Vol. 3:
2150:
2147:
2145:Further reading
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1502:Rime dictionary
1488:
1474:
1466:Kenneth Rexroth
1381:
1364:
1351:Yang Chia-hsien
1311:Huang Ling-chih
1237:
1175:
1169:
1126:
1121:
1069:, Hsu Pei-Fen,
1067:Yang Chih-Chieh
1042:Yang Chia-hsien
969:has flourished
896:
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874:imperial period
862:
854:imperial period
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791:, and then the
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2180:External links
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2154:, ed. (1989).
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1362:Lists of poets
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1316:Yu Kwang-chung
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1057:, targets the
1030:Yu Kwang-chung
949:Romantic poets
892:Main article:
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419:Jian'an poetry
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2186:The Red Brush
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2093:Owen, Stephen
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2329:Poetry works
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2123:Yip, Wai-lim
2104:
2096:
2074:
2054:
2040:
2021:
2008:
1989:
1965:
1941:
1925:
1907:
1888:
1876:Bibliography
1863:. Retrieved
1859:the original
1848:
1837:. Retrieved
1833:the original
1822:
1811:. Retrieved
1807:the original
1796:
1785:. Retrieved
1781:the original
1770:
1759:. Retrieved
1755:the original
1744:
1733:. Retrieved
1729:the original
1718:
1707:. Retrieved
1703:
1694:
1683:. Retrieved
1679:the original
1674:
1665:
1653:
1641:
1632:
1620:
1608:
1596:
1584:
1577:Greene 2012c
1562:Greene 2012b
1545:Greene 2012a
1507:Tone pattern
1477:
1461:Stephen Owen
1438:Arthur Waley
1403:David Hinton
1398:David Hawkes
1356:Zhuxue Deren
1224:Wangchuan ji
1140:Shi (poetry)
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1098:
1086:Zhuxue Deren
1083:
1079:Lin Yu-Hsuan
1071:Zhuxue Deren
1048:
1046:
1022:
983:
973:, including
964:
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922:
897:
869:
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863:
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833:
830:Qing dynasty
827:
796:Qing dynasty
769:Shun dynasty
766:
757:Yuan Hongdao
745:Ming dynasty
742:
720:Guan Hanqing
705:Ming dynasty
696:
689:Yuan dynasty
686:
670:
654:
650:
646:
640:
637:Song dynasty
634:
598:
592:
586:
580:
568:
564:
553:
547:
533:
527:
501:
478:
461:Lantingji Xu
459:
456:Tang dynasty
422:
404:
394:
390:
389:style. Many
386:
383:Music Bureau
376:
370:
352:
349:Tang dynasty
344:
336:
330:
326:
306:
298:
290:
287:Songs of Chu
286:
280:
276:
274:
263:
255:
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188:
182:
180:
175:
171:
145:
135:
129:
123:
118:
106:
65:
64:
55:Lijiang City
18:Chinese poem
2788:Old English
2783:New Zealand
2703:Indian epic
2678:Guernésiais
2581:Anglo-Welsh
2405:Major forms
2320:Qing poetry
2315:Ming poetry
2310:Yuan poetry
2305:Song poetry
2300:Tang poetry
2152:Haft, Lloyd
1428:Bill Porter
1418:James Legge
1135:Chinese art
1059:millennials
986:Misty Poets
975:avant-garde
905:written in
824:Qing poetry
818:Qing poetry
812:Gong Dingzi
808:Qian Qianyi
753:Li Dongyang
739:Ming poetry
733:Ming poetry
727: 1300
718:–1330) and
716: 1270
683:Yuan poetry
677:Yuan poetry
669:, used the
631:Song poetry
625:Song poetry
619:Li Shangyin
524:Tang poetry
518:Tang poetry
474:Jin dynasty
373:Han dynasty
323:Han dynasty
233:and as the
94:Yue Chinese
2985:Categories
2913:Vietnamese
2833:Rajasthani
2823:Portuguese
2596:Australian
2395:Zhuying ji
2285:Han poetry
2275:Poetry by
2254:Major eras
1865:2024-03-07
1839:2024-03-11
1813:2024-03-06
1787:2024-03-07
1761:2024-03-28
1735:2024-03-07
1709:2024-03-15
1685:2010-10-19
1658:Klein 2017
1646:Lupke 2017
1512:Rime table
1433:Ezra Pound
1423:Amy Lowell
1113:free verse
1075:Tsao Yu-Po
1055:Xiang Yang
979:surrealism
878:Mao Zedong
789:Li Zicheng
709:Ma Zhiyuan
693:Yuan opera
470:Wang Xizhi
367:Han poetry
361:Han poetry
243:Sheh Ching
197:(焚書坑儒) by
156:free verse
152:prose-poem
134:(詞/词) and
2846:Classical
2842:Sanskrit
2803:Pakistani
2793:Old Norse
2773:Malayalam
2641:Cantonese
2626:Byzantine
2621:Bulgarian
1675:Poets.org
1341:Yang Lian
1326:Xi Murong
1296:Wen Yiduo
1286:Guo Moruo
1038:Xi Murong
1006:Yang Lian
990:allusions
956:Communist
945:Wen Yiduo
937:Guo Moruo
919:folksongs
880:, former
663:Li Houzhu
381:(樂府/乐府) "
252:folksongs
187:(詩經) and
2858:Scottish
2738:Kashmiri
2728:Jèrriais
2723:Javanese
2718:Japanese
2683:Gujarati
2658:Estonian
2631:Canadian
2606:Biblical
2591:Assamese
2576:American
2571:Albanian
2388:Wen Xuan
2162:The Poem
2125:(1997).
2095:(1996).
1625:Yip 1997
1613:Yip 1997
1589:Cai 2008
1346:Gu Cheng
1336:Shu Ting
1291:Xu Zhimo
1281:Wang Wei
1184:Gao Bing
1119:See also
1010:Gu Cheng
1002:Shu Ting
933:Xu Zhimo
838:and the
804:Wu Weiye
611:Bai Juyi
607:Wang Wei
569:jintishi
555:jintishi
498:Yongming
299:Chu Tz'u
204:Shi Jing
184:Shi Jing
51:dui lian
2949:Portals
2903:Turkish
2883:Spanish
2863:Serbian
2838:Russian
2828:Punjabi
2813:Persian
2798:Ottoman
2768:Marathi
2733:Kannada
2713:Italian
2663:Finnish
2653:English
2648:Cornish
2636:Chinese
2616:Bosnian
2611:British
2601:Bengali
2277:dynasty
2072:(ed.).
2019:(ed.).
1881:Sources
1331:Bei Dao
1321:Yang Mu
1271:Qu Yuan
1219:Sun Zhu
1124:General
1034:Yang Mu
998:Duo Duo
994:Bei Dao
960:Ai Qing
915:Hu Shih
844:. Both
635:By the
434:Cao Zhi
426:Cao Cao
315:Song Yu
311:Qu Yuan
297:as the
289:or the
277:Shijing
256:Shijing
241:as the
226:Shijing
212:Shijing
172:Shijing
144:called
2975:Poetry
2893:Telugu
2878:Slovak
2873:Sindhi
2818:Polish
2808:Pashto
2778:Nepali
2758:Latino
2743:Korean
2698:Indian
2693:Hebrew
2668:French
2586:Arabic
2566:Afghan
2551:Poetry
2346:Chu Ci
2168:
2133:
2111:
2082:
2061:
2047:
2029:
1997:
1973:
1949:
1914:
1895:
1306:Luo Fu
1276:Su Shi
1261:Li Bai
1194:Li Sao
1018:Hai Zi
1008:, and
967:Taiwan
943:) and
929:baihua
793:Manchu
749:Gao Qi
667:Su Shi
603:Li Bai
573:Li Bai
512:Wen fu
492:, the
432:, and
430:Cao Pi
327:Chu Ci
319:Wang I
305:. The
282:Chu Ci
279:, the
271:Chu Ci
190:Chu Ci
164:rhymed
160:poetry
70:poetry
59:Yunnan
2963:China
2918:Welsh
2888:Tamil
2851:Vedic
2748:Latin
2708:Irish
2688:Hindi
2673:Greek
2446:yuefu
1256:Du Fu
864:Both
722:關漢卿 (
711:馬致遠 (
661:poet
615:Li He
599:jueju
594:jueju
582:lushi
577:Du Fu
565:gushi
561:rhyme
549:gushi
508:Lu Ji
391:yuefu
387:yuefu
378:yuefu
307:Chuci
264:Chuci
176:Chuci
109:China
2908:Urdu
2898:Thai
2763:Manx
2166:ISBN
2131:ISBN
2109:ISBN
2080:ISBN
2059:ISBN
2045:ISBN
2027:ISBN
1995:ISBN
1971:ISBN
1947:ISBN
1912:ISBN
1893:ISBN
1077:and
1040:and
977:and
868:and
848:and
828:The
777:Ming
743:The
617:and
605:and
575:and
567:and
530:Tang
484:the
479:The
174:and
162:are
113:folk
100:and
2553:of
2432:shi
1111:or
996:,
866:shi
846:shi
729:).
354:shi
303:Chu
293:or
237:or
125:shi
68:is
49:'s
2987::
2439:qu
2425:fu
2418:ci
2043:.
1939:.
1702:.
1673:.
1569:^
1552:^
1525:^
1081:.
1073:,
1036:,
1032:,
1004:,
1000:,
935:,
924:ci
870:ci
856:.
850:ci
802::
724:c.
713:c.
697:ci
671:ci
655:ci
651:ci
647:ci
642:ci
621:.
588:ci
454:A
436:.
428:,
409:.
396:fu
345:fu
337:fu
332:fu
147:fu
137:qu
131:ci
104:.
92:,
88:,
84:,
57:,
2951::
2543:e
2536:t
2529:v
2239:e
2232:t
2225:v
2208:(
2174:.
2139:.
2117:.
2099:.
2088:.
2035:.
2011:.
2003:.
1979:.
1955:.
1920:.
1901:.
1868:.
1842:.
1816:.
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1712:.
1688:.
1660:.
1648:.
1603:.
1579:.
1564:.
1547:.
61:.
20:)
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