53:
373:). But chiefdom of Mengmao allied with other chiefdoms to resist the abolishment. At its worst, chiefdoms had a consideration for independent from China. Finally, the central government compromised with chiefdoms.
1148:
1143:
52:
369:
period, the central government used many of method try to abolish chiefdom system, for example, established a direct control government "Ruili
Administrate Bureau" (
1133:
319:) succeed to his position after he died. But Si Zheng was killed by Ming official in 1602. Because Burmese send 100,000 troops to attack him, and he fled to
1153:
551:
477:王春桥 (2015). "土司存废与国家统一(1944~1948)" [Maintenance or abolishment of Tusi chieftain system and unification of China (1944-1948)].
366:
517:
327:
officials were worried about the safety of the city, they have to kill him and handed over the corpse to Burma to quell anger.
211:
377:
334:), the second son of Si Hua, to manage the area. But Kan Zhong was defeated by the Burmese power soon after, he fled to
1097:
285:
544:
17:
1128:
1092:
537:
335:
1030:
994:
944:
381:
989:
924:
999:
919:
623:
618:
613:
603:
513:
90:
957:
904:
849:
1020:
972:
490:
486:
339:
1074:
1055:
914:
687:
658:
628:
529:
1138:
1102:
1070:
1050:
929:
894:
854:
839:
747:
742:
677:
564:
1122:
804:
772:
697:
692:
663:
583:
281:
1060:
934:
737:
727:
648:
598:
593:
588:
578:
351:
324:
1078:
1025:
952:
829:
799:
560:
1015:
253:
1045:
1035:
909:
762:
450:
408:
320:
384:. Chiefdom of Mengmao lost his power and land, finally abolished in 1955.
977:
967:
899:
859:
702:
682:
672:
608:
100:
962:
844:
834:
819:
757:
752:
732:
707:
668:
653:
350:). Ming central government agreed with this suggestion in 1611. After
1107:
1065:
1040:
874:
864:
824:
814:
790:
777:
767:
261:
58:
869:
809:
347:
301:
265:
229:
204:
80:
257:
69:
533:
380:
controlled this area, the central government launched the
1149:
States and territories disestablished in the 20th century
1144:
States and territories established in the 17th century
330:
Ming occupied Manmo in 1605 again and set Kan Zhong (
479:
Journal of Yunnan Minzu
University (Social Sciences)
1008:
943:
883:
786:
716:
637:
571:
225:
170:
160:
148:
131:
118:
106:
96:
86:
76:
65:
25:
512:]. Chengdu: Sichuan Lexicographical Press.
545:
300:. Because Si Hua occupied the area of Manmo (
36:
30:
8:
288:. Then Ming dynasty canonized him to be the
552:
538:
530:
403:
401:
399:
397:
51:
22:
393:
346:) suggested to settle him in Mengmao (
491:10.13727/j.cnki.53-1191/c.2015.01.015
169:
159:
155:
130:
117:
113:
105:
7:
323:, Burmese also chased to Tengchong.
1134:Former countries in Chinese history
14:
209:
1154:1955 disestablishments in China
342:). Yunnan governor Zhou Jiamo (
296:, vice magistrate) of Mongmit
1:
1098:List of rulers of Shan states
382:Chinese Land Reform Movement
315:). His eldest son Si Zheng (
304:), his title is also called
1009:Related states and outliers
1170:
378:People's Republic of China
205:People's Republic of China
31:
15:
1088:
440:(滇志), volume 22, 周嘉谟陇川善后疏
370:
354:controlled Yunnan, Manmo
343:
331:
316:
312:
293:
277:
249:
184:
180:
156:
144:
114:
50:
45:
37:
260:chiefdom in the west of
18:Mengmao (disambiguation)
887:Kengtung & Yawnghwe
172:• Disestablished
1093:Federated Shan states
504:云南省瑞丽市志编纂委员会 (1996).
284:, contributed to the
87:Common languages
884:Southern Shan States
787:Southern Shan States
717:Southern Shan States
638:Southern Shan States
572:Northern Shan States
362:in 1659 officially.
57:Territory in modern
16:For other uses, see
1031:Siamese Shan States
945:Chinese Shan States
467:嘉庆重修一统志, volume 498
268:from 1611 to 1955.
239:Chiefdom of Mengmao
162:• Established
133:• 1929 - 1955
120:• 1611 - 1646
27:Chiefdom of Mengmao
1116:
1115:
367:Republic of China
235:
234:
221:
220:
217:
216:
91:Tai Nuea language
1161:
1021:Singaling Hkamti
720:Central Division
641:Eastern Division
554:
547:
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531:
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501:
495:
494:
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429:
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358:renamed Mengmao
345:
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318:
314:
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286:Ming-Burmese War
282:Mongmit chiefdom
279:
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1084:
1075:Western Karenni
1004:
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791:Myelat Division
788:
782:
718:
712:
639:
633:
567:
558:
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510:Annals of Ruili
503:
502:
498:
476:
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428:(滇志), volume 30
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70:Native Chiefdom
61:
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1129:Tusi in Yunnan
1121:
1120:
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1103:Princely state
1100:
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1089:
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1071:Karenni States
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621:
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569:
568:
565:petty kingdoms
559:
557:
556:
549:
542:
534:
526:
525:
518:
496:
485:(1): 103–108.
481:(in Chinese).
469:
460:
456:Shenzong Shilu
442:
430:
418:
414:Shenzong Shilu
392:
391:
389:
386:
356:Xuanfu Tongzhi
308:Xuanfu Tongzhi
280:), a chief of
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1019:
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1007:
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986:(17c. - 20c.)
985:
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980:(13c. - 15c.)
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976:
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519:7-80543-518-9
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241:, officially
240:
231:
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226:Today part of
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54:
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44:
24:
19:
983:
886:
789:
719:
649:Kehsi Mansam
640:
599:South Hsenwi
594:North Hsenwi
579:Hsenwi State
563:and related
509:
505:
499:
482:
478:
472:
463:
458:, volume 482
455:
449:
445:
437:
433:
425:
421:
416:, volume 378
413:
407:
375:
364:
359:
355:
352:Qing dynasty
329:
307:
305:
297:
289:
275:
244:
242:
238:
236:
192:Succeeded by
191:
137:Kan Jingtai
1079:Kantarawadi
1026:Hkamti Long
953:Chiang Hung
800:Hsamonghkam
561:Shan States
256:autonomous
1123:Categories
1016:Hsawnghsup
990:Mong-Santa
388:References
124:Kan Zhong
97:Government
1046:Mongkawng
1036:Wa States
925:Hsenmawng
915:Mongyawng
910:Kengcheng
763:Nawngwawn
688:Mongnawng
659:Kengtawng
629:Tawngpeng
451:Mingshilu
409:Mingshilu
340:Yingjiang
321:Tengchong
46:1611–1955
32:ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥛᥣᥝᥰ
1051:Mongyang
1000:Mong-Yin
995:Mangshih
978:Mong Mao
968:Mong Lem
930:Monghsat
920:Hsenyawt
900:Yawnghwe
895:Kengtung
860:Pangtara
748:Mongping
743:Lawksawk
703:Mongpawn
683:Kenghkam
678:Mongkung
673:Mongsang
624:Mongtung
619:Monglong
614:Mongleng
604:Hsumhsai
438:Dian Zhi
426:Dian Zhi
298:Xuanfusi
276:Si Hua (
252:) was a
243:Mengmao
101:Monarchy
72:of China
984:Mengmao
973:Mong-La
958:Hsikwan
905:Hsihkip
850:Namhkom
845:Namhkai
835:Mawnang
820:Loilong
805:Kyawkku
758:Namhkok
753:Mongpai
733:Hsatung
708:Mongsit
698:Mongpan
693:Mongnai
669:Monghsu
664:Mawkmai
654:Kenglon
609:Manglon
584:Mongmit
290:Tongzhi
272:History
149:History
126:(first)
77:Capital
1108:Saopha
1066:Wuntho
1061:Wanmaw
1041:Kokang
963:Momien
935:Mongpu
875:Yengan
865:Pangmi
855:Namtok
840:Mawson
825:Loimaw
815:Loi ai
778:Wanyin
738:Laihka
728:Hopong
589:Hsipaw
516:
376:After
360:Anfusi
313:蠻莫宣撫同知
306:Manmo
262:Yunnan
245:Anfusi
152:
139:(last)
110:
66:Status
59:Yunnan
1139:Ruili
870:Poila
810:Kyong
773:Samka
768:Sakoi
508:[
371:瑞麗設治局
348:Ruili
336:Ganya
302:Bhamo
266:China
250:猛卯安撫司
230:China
81:Ruili
1056:Pong
514:ISBN
506:瑞丽市志
325:Ming
258:Tusi
237:The
176:1955
166:1611
107:Tusi
38:勐卯土司
830:Maw
487:doi
365:In
344:周嘉謨
254:Dai
1125::
483:32
454:,
412:,
396:^
332:衎忠
317:思正
294:同知
278:思化
264:,
1081:)
1077:/
1073:(
671:/
553:e
546:t
539:v
522:.
493:.
489::
338:(
311:(
292:(
248:(
20:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
