532:, and extend beyond it. At the level of prevention, their aim includes supporting and strengthening families to reduce social exclusion, and to lower the risk of separation, violence and exploitation. Responsibilities are often spread across government agencies, with services delivered by local authorities, non-State providers, and community groups, making coordination between sectors and levels, including routine referral systems etc.., a necessary component of effective child protection systems."
693:, the body that supervises the European Convention on Human Rights, make Recommendation R(84) 4 on Parental Responsibilities. These defined parental responsibility as a 'function' duties to be met and powers that can be exercised to meet those duties. Child abuse and neglect is failure by a person with parental or any other protective responsibility to exercise the powers for the intended purpose, which is the benefit of the child.
101:
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is often seen as a form of gender-based violence, since female babies are more likely to be killed than male ones. In some cases, infanticide may also be used to conceal evidence of incest or rape. It is most commonly practiced in cultures where there is a preference for male children, or where resources are scarce.
642:. Abuse typically involves abuse of power, or exercising power for an unintended purpose. This includes willful neglect, knowingly not exercising a power for the purpose for which it was intended. This is why child abuse is defined as taking advantage of a position of trust having been invested with powers.
670:
is when meeting the child's needs by taking the necessary steps to protect and provide for the child the child's wishes and feelings must be considered when deciding on delivery of the provision that best serves the child's needs. Willfully failing to provide in accordance with the child's wishes and
663:
is defined as failure to take adequate measures to safeguard a child from harm, and gross negligence in providing for a child's basic needs. Needs are the actions to be taken to protect and provide for the child. Safeguarding is the duty of a person given the powers of responsibility for the child to
649:
is physical assault or battery on the child. Whilst an assault has some adverse consequence that the victim did not agree to (the difference between surgery and stabbing) the victim agrees to the consequences of battery but the agreement is fraudulent in some way (e.g. unnecessary surgery under false
721:
Caregiver maltreatment of children is a global problem that can occur in adoption programs, regardless of social status and in cases of discrimination and early or unwanted pregnancy. Adopted children may be mistreated more than biological children. Additionally, children may suffer maltreatment due
509:
It is the responsibility of individuals, organizations, and governments to ensure that children are protected from harm and their rights are respected. This includes providing a safe environment for children to grow and develop, protecting them from physical, emotional and sexual abuse, and ensuring
595:
Infanticide is the intentional killing of infants and young children. This practice has been documented throughout history and still occurs in certain cultures today, usually as a result of poverty and/or other social pressures. Infanticide can be carried out by parents, relatives, or strangers and
494:) is the safeguarding of children from violence, exploitation, abuse, and neglect. It involves identifying signs of potential harm. This includes responding to allegations or suspicions of abuse, providing support and services to protect children, and holding those who have harmed them accountable.
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Provincial or state governments' child protection legislation empowers the government department or agency to provide services in the area and to intervene in families where child abuse or other problems are suspected. The agency that manages these services has various names in different provinces
725:
Various services exist to address or prevent child maltreatment; these services can be provided by businesses or by government agencies. Where these services encounter cases of maltreatment, the state then creates a supportive family environment for the abused child. This entails the regulation of
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Recognizing that the child, for the full and harmonious development of his or her personality, should grow up in a family environment, in an atmosphere of happiness, love and understanding should be afforded the right to survival; to develop to the fullest; to protection from harmful influences,
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Due to economic reasons, especially in poor countries, children are forced to work in order to survive. Child labor often happens in difficult conditions, which are dangerous and impair the education of future citizens, and increase vulnerability to adults. It is hard to know exactly the age and
505:
way. This means taking into account the social, economic, cultural, psychological, and environmental factors that can contribute to the risk of harm for individual children and their families. Collaboration across sectors and disciplines to create a comprehensive system of support and safety for
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is sexual assault or battery on the child. The vast majority of physical assaults are a reaction to a situation involving a specific victim. Sexual assault is predominantly perpetrator gratification against any suitable target. Sexual abuse covers the range of direct and indirect assaults (e.g.
688:
Parental responsibility is the legal obligation of a parent to provide for their child's physical, emotional, and financial needs. This includes providing food, shelter, clothing, education, medical care, and emotional support. It also includes protecting the child from harm and ensuring their
578:
number of children who are affected. At least 152 million children under five years of age worked in 2016, but the figure is underestimated because domestic labor is not counted. The actual statistics cannot be counted exactly due to the many cases of child labor going unseen.
1466:
Léveillé, Sophie; Chamberland, Claire (2010-07-01). "Toward a general model for child welfare and protection services: A meta-evaluation of international experiences regarding the adoption of the
Framework for the Assessment of Children in Need and Their Families (FACNF)".
1089:
Katz, Ilan; Katz, Carmit; Andresen, Sabine; Bérubé, Annie; Collin-Vezina, Delphine; Fallon, Barbara; Fouché, Ansie; Haffejee, Sadiyya; Masrawa, Nadia; Muñoz, Pablo; Priolo Filho, Sidnei R.; Tarabulsy, George; Truter, Elmien; Varela, Natalia; Wekerle, Christine (June 2021).
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take the necessary measures to protect the child. If a child is physically or sexually abused then there is an (abusive) person responsible for the assault and a (negligent) person responsible for failing to protect from the assault. In some cases they may be the same.
586:
Child endangerment is the act of placing a child in a situation which neglects their health or life. Child endangerment can cause many negative physical and mental effects. This can stem from abusive parental care, child neglect, and a multitude of other reasons.
573:
Child labor is the practice of having children engage in economic activity on a part-time or full-time basis. The practice is harmful to their physical and mental development. It is considered to be a form of exploitation and is illegal in many countries.
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include physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, exploitation, deprivation and neglect. The long-term impact of abuse on victims often includes physical injury, psychological and behavioral harm, and can potentially be carried across generations.
497:
The primary goal of child protection is to ensure that all children are safe and free from harm or danger. Child protection also works to prevent future harm by creating policies and systems that identify and respond to risks before they lead to harm.
528:"The set of laws, policies, regulations and services needed across all social sectors – especially social welfare, education, health, security and justice – to support prevention and response to protection-related risks. These systems are part of
878:
A particular challenge arises where child protection professionals are assessing families where neglect is occurring. Professionals conducting assessments of families where neglect is taking place are said to sometimes make the following errors:
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Actions typically include services aimed at supporting at-risk families so they can remain intact to safeguard and promote the welfare of the child, investigation of alleged child abuse and, if necessary, assuming parental responsibility by
722:
to their social status, and discrimination based on skin color has also been documented as a factor in child maltreatment. Unwanted pregnancies can also increase tension in the household, potentially leading to the mistreatment of a child.
3357:
Gerald
Cradock. Risk, Morality, and Child Protection: Risk Calculation as Guides to Practice. Science, Technology, & Human Values, Vol. 29, No. 3, Special Issue: Reconstructing Order through Rhetorics of Risk (Summer, 2004),
1502:
Winkworth, Gail; White, Michael (March 2011). "Australia's
Children 'Safe and Well'?1 Collaborating with Purpose Across Commonwealth Family Relationship and State Child Protection Systems: Australia's Children 'Safe and Well'".
850:
and states, e.g., Department of
Children's Services, Children's Aid, Department of Child and Family Services. There is some consistency in the nature of laws, though the application of the laws varies across the country.
1032:
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Nixon, Kendra L.; Tutty, Leslie M.; Weaver-Dunlop, Gillian; Walsh, Christine A. (December 2007). "Do good intentions beget good policy? A review of child protection policies to address intimate partner violence".
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today continues at a much higher rate in areas of extremely high poverty and overpopulation, such as parts of China and India. Female infants, then and even now, are particularly vulnerable, which is a factor in
3268:
McCutcheon, James, 2010."Historical
Analysis and Contemporary Assessment of Foster Care in Texas: Perceptions of Social Workers in a Private, Non-Profit Foster Care Agency". Applied Research Projects.
1049:
554:, in addition to other child protection systems. Some literature argues that child protection begins at conception; even how the conception took place can affect the child's development.
2178:
Denham, Aaron R.; Adongo, Philip B.; Freydberg, Nicole; Hodgson, Abraham (August 2010). "Chasing spirits: Clarifying the spirit child phenomenon and infanticide in
Northern Ghana".
1092:"Child maltreatment reports and Child Protection Service responses during COVID-19: Knowledge exchange among Australia, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Germany, Israel, and South Africa"
831:) is a United Nations Program headquartered in New York City, that provides long-term humanitarian and developmental assistance to children and mothers in developing countries.
3169:
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Wulcyzn, Fred; Daro, Deborah; Fluke, John; Gregson, Kendra (2010). "Adapting a
Systems Approach to Child Protection in a Cultural Context: Key Concepts and Considerations".
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Wulcyzn, Fred; Daro, Deborah; Fluke, John; Gregson, Kendra (2010). "Adapting a
Systems Approach to Child Protection in a Cultural Context: Key Concepts and Considerations".
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809:(ILO) is a United Nations agency dealing with labor issues, created in 1919. It takes care also of child labor issues, in particular with conventions 138 and 182.
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1007:
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Nandi, Arindam; Deolalikar, Anil B. (July 2013). "Does a legal ban on sex-selective abortions improve child sex ratios? Evidence from a policy change in India".
2084:
Higginbotham (2011). "<em>Reformers, Patrons and
Philanthropists: The Cowper-Temples and High Politics in Victorian England</em>, by James Gregory".
546:, a 'child protection system' provides for the protection of children in and out of the home. One of the ways this can be enabled is through the provision of
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In some countries, children can be imprisoned for common crimes. In some countries, like Iran or China, criminals can even be sentenced to
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Jeff Fowler. 2003. A Practitioner's Tool for Child
Protection and the Assessment of Parents. Publisher Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
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2007:
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Donnelly, Peter; Petherick, Leanne (September 2004). "Workers' Playtime? Child Labour at the Extremes of the Sporting Spectrum".
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Many children who come to the attention of the child welfare system do so because of situations which are often referred to as
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2679:"A Sociological Investigation of Awareness and Causes of Intimate Partner Violence in Nigeria: A Survey of Agege, Lagos State"
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Child maltreatment refers to any type of harsh treatment or abuse which results in harm to a helpless child. Examples of
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2901:"WHO/CONRAD Technical Consultation on Nonoxynol-9, World Health Organization, Geneva, 9–10 October 2001: Summary Report"
1059:
144:
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Leigh A. Faulconer. In the Best Interests of Children? Family Relations, Vol. 43, No. 3 (Jul., 1994), pp. 261–263
1027:
977:
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2997:"Council of Europe European Committee on Legal Co-operation – European Committee on Legal Co-operation – www.coe.int"
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Child maltreatment can even occur in cases where state or other guardians take responsibility for a child's welfare.
537:
United Nations Economic and Social Council (2008), UNICEF Child Protection Strategy, E/ICEF/2008/5/Rev.1, par. 12–13.
1899:
Karavias, Markos (2013-11-28), "The Structural Framework for Corporate Obligations in the Context of Human Rights",
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for crimes committed while they were children (the United States abandoned the practice in 2005). In contexts where
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Murthy, Ranjani K. (January 1998), "7. Learning about Participation from Gender Relations of Female Infanticide",
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Digby, Leslie (2000-11-02), "Infanticide by female mammals: implications for the evolution of social systems",
2642:. By Julia O'Connell Davidson. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2005. Pp. viii+178. $ 62.95 (cloth); $ 24.95 (paper)".
612:
604:
1734:
Martin, Mervyn (June 2013). "Child labour: parameters, developmental implications, causes and consequences".
133:
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3546:
1252:"After Safety, What is the Goal of Child Welfare Services: Permanency, Family Continuity or Social Benefit?"
1192:"Protecting children from abuse: a neglected but crucial priority for the international child health agenda"
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In order to achieve these goals, research suggests that child protection services should be provided in a
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Malin, Nigel (2020-02-05), "Professional abuse of power: discreditation or a lowering of productivity?",
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Children who are not in compulsory education or training or working children below the legal age for work
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Patterson, Cynthia (1985). ""Not Worth the Rearing": The Causes of Infant Exposure in Ancient Greece".
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are a set of services, usually government-run, designed to protect children and young people who are
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has addressed child abuse as a human rights issue, adding a section specifically to children in the
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Brookman, Fiona; Nolan, Jane (July 2006). "The Dark Figure of Infanticide in England and Wales".
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Zimring, Franklin E.; Johnson, David T. (2005-05-26). "On the Comparative Study of Corruption".
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1963:
Grey, Jeffrey; Brett, Rachel; Specht, Irma (2005). "Young Soldiers: Why They Choose to Fight".
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ANKER, Richard (September 2000). "The economics of child labour: A framework for measurement".
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survey on child protection systems listed the following categories of children needing help:
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pretenses). Physical abuse is also harassment, a physical presence intended to provoke fear.
615:, exploited by adults for illegal traffic in children, or endangered by poverty and hunger.
396:
359:
1554:
1325:"WHO Regional Office for Europe and UNAIDS report on progress since the Dublin Declaration"
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608:
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2511:
B., J. H.; Young, E. Hilton (November 1912). "Foreign Companies and Other Corporations".
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Missing children (e.g. runaways, abducted children, unaccompanied children going missing)
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Charrière, Florence (2017-01-01), "UNICEF: Engaging Stakeholders on Children's Rights",
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they have access to education, healthcare, and resources to fulfill their basic needs.
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3335:
Janet Polnay. 2001. Child Protection in Primary Care. Publisher-Radcliffe Publishing.
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Eileen Munro. 2007. Child Protection: Sage Course Companions Series. Publisher- SAGE.
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abuse and exploitation; and to participate fully in family, cultural and social life.
660:
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2942:
2854:"Settling Accounts: The Duty to Prosecute Human Rights Violations of a Prior Regime"
2450:, Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, pp. 78–92,
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Harries et al. 2008. Reforming Child Protection. Publisher- Taylor & Francis.
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imagery) and the means of facilitation such as stalking and internet offenses.
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The effectiveness of these programs is contested and seems limited to some.
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1667:"Protecting Children from Violence: Historical Roots and Emerging Trends",
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Child Custody & Domestic Violence: A Call for Safety and Accountability
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both public and private entities providing care for children and families.
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1299:
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1147:
Oates, Kim (July 2013). "Medical dimensions of child abuse and neglect".
766:
Children left behind (by parents who move to another EU country for work)
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Children affected by custody disputes, including parental child abduction
702:
517:
3346:
Chris Beckett. 2007. Child Protection: An Introduction. Publisher-SAGE.
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1992:
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feelings whilst it is in the child's best interests is emotional abuse (
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2885:
2853:
2330:
Bhatt, R.V. (December 1998). "Domestic violence and substance abuse".
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1931:"2 The Varying Requirements and Pathways for Completing High School",
1033:
Hague Convention on Parental Responsibility and Protection of Children
1976:
1637:
1408:
Holland, S. (2004-01-01). "Liberty and Respect in Child Protection".
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In 2000, an agreement was reached among countries belonging to the
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What needs to be done to ensure the long-term safety of the child?
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2032:"Global Estimates of Child Labour, Results and Trends, 2012–2016"
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Eileen Munro.2008. Effective Child Protection. Publisher-SAGE
196:
94:
53:
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Minimum Standards for Child Protection in Humanitarian Action
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Whether improvement in the family are likely to be sustained?
748:
Child victims of female genital mutilation or forced marriage
1294:. Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE Publications, Inc. 2003.
3263:
Raising the World: Child Welfare in the American Century
1935:, Harvard University Press, pp. 20–46, 2011-12-31,
1779:
The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child
3046:
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Children belonging to minority ethnic groups, e.g. Roma
2478:
Johnson, David T.; Zimring, Franklin E. (2009-05-01).
883:
Failure to ask the right types of question, including
2256:
Transactions of the American Philological Association
2064:
Office of the Law Revision Council United States Code
2060:"10 U.S. Code § 919b – Art. 119b. Child endangerment"
44:"Child Welfare" redirects here. For the journal, see
2719:
Reproduction and Society: Interdisciplinary Readings
2332:
International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics
2008:"Save the Children's Definition of Child Protection"
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International Association of Schools of Social Work
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Common errors of reasoning in child protection work
875:A key part of child protection work is assessment.
125:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
796:Unaccompanied children in a situation of migration
787:Children without parental care/in alternative care
3907:National Association of Social Workers (American)
3897:International Federation of Social Workers (IFSW)
3902:National Alliance of Professional Social Workers
3168:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
2754:, Cambridge University Press, pp. 423–446,
1671:, Psychology Press, pp. 21–32, 2010-09-13,
1190:Southall, David; MacDonald, Rhona (2013-11-01).
3937:Professional Social Workers' Association (PSWA)
3708:Bachelor of Social Work (BA, BSc or BSW) degree
3121:"National Center for Biotechnology Information"
3047:"ERIC – Education Resources Information Center"
2595:HOOD, ROGER (July 2001). "Capital Punishment".
1553:Howe, R. Brian; Covell, Katherine (July 2010).
1055:Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act
863:
838:countries about the military use of children.
526:
2387:Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health
1008:Child Protection and Obscenity Enforcement Act
3922:Institute of Medical Social Workers (British)
3721:Master of Social Work degree (MA, MSc or MSW)
3428:
3150:. Archived from the original on April 1, 2013
1903:, Oxford University Press, pp. 163–198,
1901:Corporate Obligations under International Law
468:
8:
3095:"Child Protection Integrated Flood Response"
673:intentional infliction of emotional distress
3932:Scottish Children's Reporter Administration
3703:Qualifications for professional social work
1505:Australian Journal of Public Administration
745:Child victims of bullying or cyber-bullying
88:Learn how and when to remove these messages
3726:Doctor of Social Work degree (Ph.D or DSW)
3455:
3435:
3421:
3413:
3071:"Home – Child Welfare Information Gateway"
2966:10.1332/policypress/9781447350163.003.0011
2899:World Health Organization (January 2002).
1555:"Miseducating children about their rights"
1196:Paediatrics and International Child Health
754:Child victims of sexual abuse/exploitation
677:negligent infliction of emotional distress
475:
461:
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3265:(Harvard University Press, 2015) 316 pp.
2916:
2752:Infanticide by Males and its Implications
2694:
2677:Ojo, Matthias Olufemi Dada (2013-01-28).
2488:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195337402.001.0001
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1909:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199674381.003.0006
1559:Education, Citizenship and Social Justice
1340:
1323:Editorial team, Collective (2008-09-11).
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892:What the situation is like for the child?
258:Learn how and when to remove this message
240:Learn how and when to remove this message
185:Learn how and when to remove this message
27:Protecting children from harm and neglect
3912:Australian Association of Social Workers
3001:European Committee on Legal Co-operation
2221:LEE, JAMES Z.; FENG, WANG (2009-06-30).
910:Prominent child protection organizations
781:Children of parents in prison or custody
544:UN Convention on the Rights of the Child
524:defines a 'child protection system' as:
1256:International Journal of Social Welfare
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778:Children in police custody or detention
675:) or negligently is emotional neglect (
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3927:Canadian Association of Social Workers
3682:Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW)
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1023:Complex post traumatic stress disorder
818:Declaration of the Rights of the Child
3917:British Association of Social Workers
1781:, Brill | Nijhoff, pp. 777–794,
941:Odisha State Child Protection Society
859:Universal Declaration of Human Rights
822:Convention on the Rights of the Child
7:
1245:
1243:
827:The United Nations Children's Fund (
769:Children in a situation of migration
123:adding citations to reliable sources
2564:Crime and Punishment in Islamic Law
2012:Save the Children's Resource Centre
936:Mannerheim League for Child Welfare
550:, the fourth of the United Nations
520:and to encourage family stability.
2960:, Policy Press, pp. 183–208,
2819:The British Journal of Criminology
1713:10.1111/j.1564-913x.2000.tb00204.x
1469:Children and Youth Services Review
1375:Children and Youth Services Review
1038:Independent Safeguarding Authority
916:Defense for Children International
212:tone or style may not reflect the
25:
3607:Social learning (social pedagogy)
3391:A Report Card on Child Protection
2129:Journal of Interpersonal Violence
2098:10.2979/victorianstudies.53.3.536
2039:International Labour Organization
1669:Protecting Children from Violence
775:Children in or at risk of poverty
751:Child victims of neglect or abuse
611:. Other children are forced into
607:is made, they also risk becoming
69:This article has multiple issues.
32:Child protection (disambiguation)
3736:Council on Social Work Education
3376:
2958:De-Professionalism and Austerity
2784:Journal of Development Economics
2640:Children in the Global Sex Trade
1941:10.4159/harvard.9780674063167.c3
1517:10.1111/j.1467-8500.2010.00706.x
1481:10.1016/j.childyouth.2010.03.009
1387:10.1016/j.childyouth.2007.09.007
807:International Labor Organization
772:Children in judicial proceedings
439:Men in early childhood education
222:guide to writing better articles
201:
99:
58:
3184:"EUSurvey – Survey unavailable"
2638:Ibarra, Peter R. (July 2007). "
2192:10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.04.022
814:United Nations General Assembly
110:needs additional citations for
77:or discuss these issues on the
3577:Solution focused brief therapy
3403:United Nations Children's Fund
2852:Orentlicher, Diane F. (1991).
2566:. Cambridge University Press.
2562:Peters, Rudolph (2006-02-13).
2533:2027/coo1.ark:/13960/t3ws97m00
1410:British Journal of Social Work
1209:10.1179/2046905513Y.0000000097
1070:Transnational child protection
983:Adoption and Safe Families Act
1:
2918:10.1016/s0968-8080(02)00085-x
2796:10.1016/j.jdeveco.2013.02.007
2644:American Journal of Sociology
2344:10.1016/s0020-7292(98)00181-7
2299:The Massacre of the Innocents
2180:Social Science & Medicine
1630:"Economic and Social Council"
1065:School social work in Hungary
886:Whether neglect is occurring?
552:Sustainable Development Goals
3562:Cognitive behavioral therapy
3401:. (PDF-File, 991 KB) —
2760:10.1017/cbo9780511542312.019
2225:. Harvard University Press.
1748:10.1080/21582041.2012.751501
1250:Barth, R.P. (October 1999).
1161:10.1016/j.chiabu.2013.05.004
1108:10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105078
1060:Reactive attachment disorder
757:Child victims of trafficking
3662:Social work in the military
3409:, Number 8. September 2009.
3209:"Child Protection Services"
3145:"UK Government Web Archive"
2905:Reproductive Health Matters
2609:10.1177/1462474501003003001
2297:Rose, Lionel (2015-08-27).
1823:10.1080/1743043042000291659
1736:Contemporary Social Science
1701:International Labour Review
1028:For the children (politics)
978:Aboriginal child protection
871:Child protection assessment
4020:
3286:Handbook: Child protection
1856:2014 Best Article Award".
1342:10.2807/ese.13.37.18981-en
784:Children with disabilities
631:
591:Infanticide (child murder)
566:
383:Institutions and standards
43:
36:
29:
3647:Psychiatric social worker
2456:10.3362/9781780440309.007
2381:Krantz, G. (2005-10-01).
1787:10.1163/9789004295056_038
1149:Child Abuse & Neglect
1096:Child Abuse & Neglect
1013:Child Protective Services
889:Why neglect is occurring?
622:sex-selective infanticide
350:Early childhood education
39:Child protective services
3482:Anti-oppressive practice
2597:Punishment & Society
2572:10.1017/cbo9780511610677
2399:10.1136/jech.2004.022756
2383:"Violence against women"
2141:10.1177/0886260506288935
1870:10.1177/1077559515594086
1571:10.1177/1746197910370724
812:On 20 November 1959 the
605:military use of children
542:Under Article 19 of the
514:Child protection systems
37:Not to be confused with
3582:Strength-based practice
3557:Psychosocial assessment
3547:Performance measurement
3099:www.shifafoundation.org
2223:One Quarter of Humanity
2006:Digital, Swace (2007).
1677:10.4324/9780203852927-8
1269:10.1111/1468-2397.00091
684:Parental responsibility
429:Child Online Protection
216:used on Knowledge (XXG)
3741:Schools of social work
3637:Forensic social worker
3497:Community organization
3270:Texas State University
3026:www.legislation.gov.uk
1864:(3): 221. 2015-07-13.
1540:10.1037/e516652013-176
1453:10.1037/e516652013-176
868:
801:International treaties
540:
506:children is required.
220:See Knowledge (XXG)'s
3652:Rehabilitation worker
3642:Medical social worker
3532:New Public Management
3507:Financial social work
3407:Progress for Children
3385:at Wikimedia Commons
2727:10.4324/9781315754222
2448:The Myth of Community
2307:10.4324/9781315671604
1965:International Journal
1300:10.4135/9781452231730
931:Friends-International
3657:School social worker
3620:Types of social work
3567:Recreational therapy
3502:Critical social work
3446:and related concepts
3238:library.nspcc.org.uk
3125:www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
3075:www.childwelfare.gov
2858:The Yale Law Journal
2696:10.5539/ass.v9n2p231
2683:Asian Social Science
689:safety. In 1984 the
342:Educational settings
334:Pre-school playgroup
119:improve this article
30:For other uses, see
3874:Trinidad and Tobago
3667:Social group worker
3487:Crisis intervention
3022:"Children Act 1989"
2231:10.2307/j.ctvjf9vt6
1648:on January 23, 2018
1422:10.1093/bjsw/bch003
921:ECPAT International
739:European Commission
668:Psychological abuse
3627:Social case worker
3542:Program evaluation
3492:Community practice
3397:2017-08-29 at the
3279:2012-03-18 at the
3234:"Cookies Required"
2831:10.1093/bjc/azi042
2513:Harvard Law Review
1858:Child Maltreatment
1854:Child Maltreatment
1601:"Child protection"
1018:Child sexual abuse
715:child maltreatment
709:Child maltreatment
654:Child sexual abuse
601:capital punishment
558:Safeguards against
134:"Child protection"
4004:Children's rights
3976:
3975:
3615:
3614:
3572:Health psychology
3517:Group development
3381:Media related to
3288:UNICEF, IPU, 2004
3261:Fieldston, Sara.
3213:Save the Children
2975:978-1-4473-5016-3
2769:978-0-521-77295-2
2736:978-1-315-75422-2
2581:978-0-521-79226-4
2497:978-0-19-533740-2
2480:The Next Frontier
2465:978-1-85339-421-8
2316:978-1-315-67160-4
2240:978-0-674-04005-2
2086:Victorian Studies
1950:978-0-674-06316-7
1918:978-0-19-967438-1
1686:978-0-203-85292-7
1532:PsycEXTRA Dataset
1445:PsycEXTRA Dataset
1381:(12): 1469–1486.
1309:978-0-7619-1826-4
1044:Landeros v. Flood
988:Child abandonment
946:Save the Children
926:Free the Children
691:Council of Europe
548:quality education
530:social protection
485:
484:
268:
267:
260:
250:
249:
242:
214:encyclopedic tone
195:
194:
187:
169:
92:
16:(Redirected from
4011:
3632:Child protection
3587:Systems thinking
3456:
3437:
3430:
3423:
3414:
3380:
3358:pp. 314–331
3299:, 9781412946957.
3249:
3248:
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2864:(8): 2537–2615.
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1960:
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1811:Sport in Society
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1641:. Archived from
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1607:. Archived from
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1329:Eurosurveillance
1320:
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1211:
1187:
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1180:
1144:
1138:
1137:
1127:
1102:(Pt 2): 105078.
1086:
998:Child harvesting
609:prisoners of war
538:
488:Child protection
477:
470:
463:
397:In loco parentis
391:Child protection
360:Pre-kindergarten
321:Outside the home
270:
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3994:Social programs
3979:
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3751:
3745:
3691:
3672:Social planning
3611:
3602:Social medicine
3537:Policy analysis
3470:
3447:
3441:
3399:Wayback Machine
3374:
3354:, 9781412920926
3343:, 9781857752243
3332:, 9780415429054
3321:, 9781412911795
3310:, 9781843100508
3281:Wayback Machine
3258:
3256:Further reading
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3101:. 15 April 2023
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293:Extended family
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3752:by nationality
3750:Social workers
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3696:Qualifications
3693:
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3687:Youth services
3684:
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3677:Welfare worker
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3597:Social actions
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3592:Social justice
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3364:Eileen Munro.
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2825:(6): 793–809.
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2721:. 2014-09-04.
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3987:
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3968:Joyce Lishman
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3963:Harry Hopkins
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3717:(Scandinavia)
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1611:on 2023-03-07
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1565:(2): 91–102.
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661:Child neglect
659:
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492:child welfare
490:(also called
489:
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355:Homeschooling
353:
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340:
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167:
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157:
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150:
146:
143:
139:
136: –
135:
131:
130:Find sources:
124:
120:
114:
113:
108:This article
106:
102:
97:
96:
91:
89:
82:
81:
76:
75:
70:
65:
56:
55:
50:
48:
47:Child Welfare
40:
33:
19:
3890:associations
3888:Professional
3712:
3631:
3406:
3390:
3375:
3262:
3241:. Retrieved
3237:
3228:
3216:. Retrieved
3212:
3203:
3191:. Retrieved
3188:ec.europa.eu
3187:
3178:
3152:. Retrieved
3139:
3128:. Retrieved
3124:
3115:
3103:. Retrieved
3098:
3089:
3078:. Retrieved
3074:
3065:
3054:. Retrieved
3050:
3041:
3029:. Retrieved
3025:
3016:
3004:. Retrieved
3000:
2991:
2957:
2951:
2908:
2904:
2894:
2861:
2857:
2847:
2822:
2818:
2812:
2787:
2783:
2777:
2751:
2745:
2718:
2713:
2686:
2682:
2672:
2647:
2643:
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2596:
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2516:
2512:
2506:
2479:
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2331:
2325:
2298:
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2255:
2249:
2222:
2216:
2183:
2179:
2173:
2132:
2128:
2122:
2089:
2085:
2079:
2068:. Retrieved
2066:. 2016-12-23
2063:
2054:
2043:. Retrieved
2038:
2026:
2015:. Retrieved
2011:
2001:
1968:
1964:
1958:
1933:Dropping Out
1932:
1926:
1900:
1894:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1847:
1814:
1810:
1804:
1778:
1772:
1739:
1735:
1729:
1704:
1700:
1694:
1668:
1662:
1650:. Retrieved
1643:the original
1636:
1624:
1613:. Retrieved
1609:the original
1604:
1595:
1562:
1558:
1548:
1531:
1525:
1508:
1504:
1497:
1472:
1468:
1461:
1444:
1438:
1416:(1): 21–36.
1413:
1409:
1403:
1378:
1374:
1367:
1332:
1328:
1318:
1291:
1286:
1259:
1255:
1199:
1195:
1185:
1152:
1148:
1142:
1099:
1095:
1084:
1042:
966:World Vision
877:
874:
864:
852:
848:
840:
833:
826:
811:
804:
736:
728:
724:
720:
712:
695:
687:
637:
613:prostitution
598:
594:
585:
582:Endangerment
576:
572:
569:Child labour
541:
527:
513:
512:
508:
500:
496:
491:
487:
486:
395:
390:
370:Kindergarten
254:
236:
227:
211:
181:
172:
162:
155:
148:
141:
129:
117:Please help
112:verification
109:
85:
78:
72:
71:Please help
68:
46:
18:Child safety
3999:Social work
3958:Amartya Sen
3953:Jane Addams
3946:Biographies
3849:New Zealand
3779:Bangladeshi
3512:Gerontology
3466:Social work
3444:Social work
3274:TXstate.edu
3272:Paper 332.
3051:eric.ed.gov
2790:: 216–228.
2338:: S25–S31.
2262:: 103–123.
1971:(4): 1181.
1652:January 23,
1511:(1): 1–14.
993:Child abuse
820:during the
699:foster care
640:child abuse
634:Child abuse
628:Child abuse
617:Infanticide
563:Child labor
419:Child abuse
3983:Categories
3829:Indonesian
3774:Australian
3527:Management
3522:Leadership
3352:1412920922
3341:1857752244
3330:0415429056
3319:1412911796
3308:1843100509
3297:1412946956
3130:2023-03-23
3080:2023-03-23
3056:2023-03-23
2092:(3): 536.
2070:2023-09-30
2045:2018-01-23
2017:2023-03-08
1615:2023-03-18
1076:References
961:WE Charity
816:adopted a
705:services.
434:Family law
303:Babysitter
230:April 2023
145:newspapers
74:improve it
3859:Pakistani
3854:Norwegian
3819:Hong Kong
3764:Argentine
3475:Secondary
2984:243151818
2927:0968-8080
2878:0044-0094
2839:1464-3529
2804:0304-3878
2705:1911-2025
2664:0002-9602
2625:143875533
2617:1462-4745
2541:0017-811X
2519:(1): 96.
2407:0143-005X
2352:0020-7292
2276:0360-5949
2200:0277-9536
2149:0886-2605
2114:142590142
2106:0042-5222
1985:0020-7020
1886:220187852
1878:1077-5595
1839:145578897
1831:1743-0437
1764:167660954
1756:2158-2041
1721:0020-7780
1587:145540907
1579:1746-1979
1489:0190-7409
1430:0045-3102
1395:0190-7409
1351:1560-7917
1278:1369-6866
1218:2046-9047
1169:0145-2134
1116:0145-2134
956:War Child
449:Parenting
444:Orphanage
365:Preschool
308:Governess
274:Childcare
80:talk page
49:(journal)
3844:Nepalese
3839:Japanese
3814:Guyanese
3794:Canadian
3769:Austrian
3759:American
3714:Socionom
3452:Concepts
3395:Archived
3277:Archived
3243:June 13,
3218:June 13,
3193:June 13,
3164:cite web
3154:June 13,
3105:June 15,
3031:June 13,
3006:June 13,
2943:23890301
2935:12569895
2433:29376851
2425:16166351
2368:25528652
2360:10075209
2208:20605304
2165:11302352
2157:16731989
1993:40204117
1359:18801311
1234:29250788
1226:24070186
1177:23790510
1134:33931238
905:See also
703:adoption
535:—
518:underage
503:holistic
3879:Ugandan
3869:Swedish
3834:Israeli
3789:British
3784:Belgian
3459:Primary
2549:1324306
2416:1732916
1125:8446926
845:History
737:A 2014
411:Related
329:Daycare
298:Au pair
288:Parents
280:At home
159:scholar
3864:Polish
3824:Indian
3809:German
3804:French
3350:
3339:
3328:
3317:
3306:
3295:
2982:
2972:
2941:
2933:
2925:
2886:796903
2884:
2876:
2837:
2802:
2766:
2733:
2703:
2662:
2623:
2615:
2578:
2547:
2539:
2494:
2462:
2431:
2423:
2413:
2405:
2366:
2358:
2350:
2313:
2284:284192
2282:
2274:
2237:
2206:
2198:
2163:
2155:
2147:
2112:
2104:
2041:. 2017
1991:
1983:
1947:
1915:
1884:
1876:
1837:
1829:
1793:
1762:
1754:
1719:
1683:
1638:UNICEF
1585:
1577:
1487:
1428:
1393:
1357:
1349:
1335:(37).
1306:
1276:
1232:
1224:
1216:
1175:
1167:
1132:
1122:
1114:
972:Topics
951:UNICEF
829:UNICEF
522:UNICEF
161:
154:
147:
140:
132:
3799:Dutch
3148:(PDF)
2980:S2CID
2939:S2CID
2882:JSTOR
2689:(2).
2621:S2CID
2545:JSTOR
2429:S2CID
2364:S2CID
2280:JSTOR
2161:S2CID
2110:S2CID
2035:(PDF)
1989:JSTOR
1882:S2CID
1835:S2CID
1760:S2CID
1646:(PDF)
1633:(PDF)
1583:S2CID
1230:S2CID
733:Other
403:Minor
313:Nanny
166:JSTOR
152:books
3348:ISBN
3337:ISBN
3326:ISBN
3315:ISBN
3304:ISBN
3293:ISBN
3245:2023
3220:2023
3195:2023
3170:link
3156:2023
3107:2023
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